CN101094609A - X-ray computed tomography apparatus to acquire the tomography and three-dimension surface image - Google Patents

X-ray computed tomography apparatus to acquire the tomography and three-dimension surface image Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101094609A
CN101094609A CNA2005800457302A CN200580045730A CN101094609A CN 101094609 A CN101094609 A CN 101094609A CN A2005800457302 A CNA2005800457302 A CN A2005800457302A CN 200580045730 A CN200580045730 A CN 200580045730A CN 101094609 A CN101094609 A CN 101094609A
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ray
image
tomographic apparatus
computed tomographic
image camera
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CN101094609B (en
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陈承吾
许荣
金钟旭
姜旭
裵秀真
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Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute KERI
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Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute KERI
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    • A61B6/51
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computerised tomographs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/0035Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0062Arrangements for scanning
    • A61B5/0064Body surface scanning
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/107Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computerised tomographs
    • A61B6/032Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/46Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B6/461Displaying means of special interest
    • A61B6/466Displaying means of special interest adapted to display 3D data
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/52Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/5211Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B6/5229Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image
    • A61B6/5235Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image combining images from the same or different ionising radiation imaging techniques, e.g. PET and CT
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4405Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis the apparatus being movable or portable, e.g. handheld or mounted on a trolley
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4435Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
    • A61B6/4441Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm

Abstract

The present invention relates to an X-ray computed tomography apparatus for acquiring image information from detected data by scanning an object with X-rays, and more particularly, to an X-ray computed tomography apparatus for acquiring a computed tomographic image and a solid surface image capable of providing visual images to a user by acquiring tomographic in not formation of an object and surface color information of the object to form tomographic images and three-dimensional images of the object.

Description

Obtain the X ray computed tomographic apparatus of tomography and three-dimension surface image
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of being used for from by detected data are obtained the X ray computed tomographic apparatus of image information with the X-ray scanning object, relate more particularly to a kind of be used to the obtain tomographic image of calculating and the X ray computed tomographic apparatus of surface of solids image, the tomography information that it can be by obtaining object and the surface color information of this object to be forming the tomographic image and the three-dimension surface image of object, thereby provide visual image to the user.
Background technology
Usually, the X ray computed tomographic apparatus comprises: be used for X ray is projected X-ray tube on the object; Be used to detect the detector of the X ray that passes the object emission; The rotating machinery device of described X-ray tube and described detector wherein has been installed; And the data reconstruction that is used for obtaining from detector becomes the computer of image information.
Gou Zao traditional X-ray ray calculation tomographic device is by rotating the tomography that described rotating machinery device is caught object around object as described above.On each branch angle, carry out the catching of tomography of object, and, by such as alternative manner, back projection, filtered back projection or the like mathematical calculation, come reconstruct by catching the data for projection of the X ray that obtains each angle.
The frame for movement that has various X ray computed tomographic apparatus, and these frame for movements will be as follows by Short Description.
As first kind, the frame for movement of the most traditional X ray computed tomographic apparatus comprise have X-ray tube, the circular rotary body of X-ray detector, collimator and data collector, described circular rotary body rotates around the object in the inner space that is placed on this rotary body, so that obtain the transmission information of object, and from the transmission information acquisition image information by computer reconstruction.
As second kind, C type arm X ray computed tomographic apparatus is opening radiodiagnosis device, and wherein, X-ray tube is coupled to an end of C arm type machinery, and X-ray detector is coupled to the opposite end, so that can carry out interventional radiologic therapy.
As the third, dental computed tomography (CT) device is specifically designed to the part head, throat, jawbone and the tooth of only diagnosing such as patient, is used for dentistry and maxillofacial procedure (maxillofaxial surgery) field.In dental computed tomography, X-ray tube is placed in the right side and the left side of object, and dental computed tomography is rotated parallel to the groundly, so that obtain transmission information.
As the 4th kind be the rotary-type X ray computed tomographic apparatus of object.In this device, replace X-ray tube and X-ray detector rotation be that object is placed on the rotary body and is rotated, like this, can realize and effect same when X-ray tube and the X-ray detector rotation.The rotary-type X ray computed tomographic apparatus of this object be applied to usually might target rotation at nondestructive testing situation under.
In X ray computed tomographic apparatus as described above, will describe in detail for first kind of the most traditional use.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the conventional X ray computed tomographic apparatus of explanation.
As shown in fig. 1, traditional X-ray ray calculation tomographic device comprises scanning gantry 2, catches platform 4 and operating console 6.Scanning gantry 2 has X-ray tube 20.By collimator 22, be changed from the X ray of X-ray tube 20 emission and be fan-shaped x-ray beam, that is to say, fan beam, and be projected onto X-ray detector 24.
X-ray detector 24 is included on the direction of expansion X ray as array and is arranged at mutually a plurality of detector devices on the colleague.To describe the structure of X-ray detector 24 after a while in detail.X-ray tube 20, collimator 22 and X-ray detector 24 have been formed X-radiation device-detector of describing as after a while.
X-ray detector 24 is coupled with data collector 26.Data collector 26 is collected the signal that each checkout equipment by X-ray detector 24 detects with the form of numerical data.By the radiation of X ray controller 28 controls from the X ray of X-ray tube 20.Omitted the connection between X-ray tube 20 and the X ray controller 28 among the figure.By collimator handle 30 control collimators 22.Omitted the connection between collimator 22 and the collimator handle 30 among the figure.
30 assembly is installed to the rotating part 34 of scanning gantry 2 from X-ray tube 20 to collimator handle.Control the rotation of rotating part 34 by Rotation Controllers 36.Omitted the connection between rotating part 34 and the Rotation Controllers 36 among the figure.
Catching platform 4 is configured to object (not shown) shift-in and the X-radiation space of shifting out scanning gantry 2.After a while with the relation between description object and the X-radiation space.
Operating console 6 comprises data processor 60.For example, data processor 60 is computers.Data processor 60 is connected to control interface 62.Control interface 62 is connected to scanning gantry 2 and catches platform 4.Data processor 60 comes gated sweep frame 2 and catches platform 4 by control interface 62.
Come data collector 26, X ray controller 28, collimator handle 30 and the Rotation Controllers 36 of gated sweep frame 2 by control interface 62.Omitted the corresponding relation between these assemblies and the control interface 62 among the figure.
And data collector 60 is connected to data collection buffer 64.Data collection buffer 64 is connected to the data collector 26 of scanning gantry 2.The data of collecting by data collector 26 are input to data processor 60 via data collection buffer 64.
Data processor 60 uses the X ray data of launching at a plurality of viewpoint of collecting by data collection buffer 64 to come carries out image reconstruct.For example, use filter back-projection algorithm to come carries out image reconstruct.
And data processor 60 is connected to memorizer 66.The data and the program of memorizer 66 some type of storage.Carry out processing with the data of catching some relevant type by the data processor 60 that is used for carrying out the program that is stored in memorizer 66.
Data processor 60 is also connected to display 68 and commanding apparatus 70.Display 68 shows from reconstructed image and other information of data processor 60 outputs.Commanding apparatus 70 is handled by the user, and the instruction and the information of some types is sent to data processor 60.The user can use display 68 and commanding apparatus 70 to handle the X ray computed tomographic apparatus with interactive mode.
As mentioned above, according to outward appearance, the X-ray detector that uses in the traditional X-ray ray calculation tomographic device is divided into: single row X-ray detector, arrange the X-ray detector of X-ray detector and plane type more.
Single row X-ray detector obtains the X ray transmission information with the form of fladellum, and arranges the form acquisition X ray transmission information of X-ray detector with the narrow pyramid pencil of forms more.
The X-ray detector of plane type obtains the X ray transmission information with the form of the wide pyramid pencil of forms, and, there are all kinds, such as: image intensifier is connected to the X-ray detector of the plane type of charge-coupled device (CCD); Use the X-ray detector of the plane type of CCD or cmos sensor; Directly detect the X-ray detector X ray transmission information, that use the plane type of amorphous selenium (a-Se); And flasher is connected to photodiode so that the X-ray detector of the plane type of indirect detection X ray transmission information.
In order to make various X-ray detectors obtain the necessary X ray transmission information of reconstruction calculations tomographic image, X-ray detector must revolve three-sixth turn or surpass predetermined angle around object, and divides acquisition X ray transmission information on the angle at each.
In single row X-ray detector, the width of single row X-ray detector is below several millimeters, owing to only can obtain single tomographic image at once rotating, therefore in order to remedy top defective, used a kind of helical scanning X ray computed tomographic apparatus at present, wherein, used the object of single row X-ray detector on Z-direction, to advance with fixed speed, and X-ray tube and X-ray detector sequentially rotate, so that obtain transmission information.
And the result as the development of X-ray detector has used a kind of new technique recently, wherein, many rows X-ray detector has been installed, as four row's X-ray detectors, eight row's X-ray detectors or 16 row's X-ray detectors, so that obtain transmission information by wide zone at short notice.Similarly, the one group of transmission information that obtains in using the helical scanning method can uses alternative manner, back projection and filtered back projection under the situation of reconstruct tomographic image, and back projection uses the most extensive.
Similarly, for reconstruct tomographic image in the helical scanning method, use data arrangement and interpolation, so that obtain and the corresponding transmission information of cell position, wherein, the data of being obtained on described position will be by reconstruct before the application image restructing algorithm.
And, used the X-ray detector of plane type recently with area of detection wideer than the area of detection of the row's of manying X-ray detector, like this, can more promptly obtain the transmission information of object.Under the situation of the X-ray detector that uses plane type, the helical scanning method can be applied to reconstructed image, and still, it is more effective using the cone beam transmission information directly to use the Feldkamp algorithm.
Because aforesaid X ray computed tomographic apparatus only obtains to come reconstructed image at the X ray dampening information of the material that constitutes object, the actual color information and the detail pictures information on surface that therefore can not indicated object.
And, owing to can not obtain the surface color information and the detail pictures information of object, therefore just visual diagnostic image can not be offered the user.In other words, when the internal injury of analyzing human body simultaneously and visible damage or when diagnosing simultaneously and when the surface information of analytic target and internal information, traditional X ray computed tomographic apparatus can not provide effective diagnostic image.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
Therefore, be conceived to top problem and carried out the present invention, and, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of X ray computed tomographic apparatus that is used to obtain computerized axial tomography image and surface of solids image, wherein, the camera that can catch the colouring information of object surface is installed in the rotary body of described X ray computed tomographic apparatus, and, the surface image information of the object that is obtained by this photographing unit is by reconstruct, like this, the computerized axial tomography of object and 3-D view are formed simultaneously, thereby visual diagnostic image is offered the user.
Technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention, by a kind of X ray computed tomographic apparatus that can obtain tomographic image and surface of solids image simultaneously is provided, can realize above of the present invention with other purposes, described X ray computed tomographic apparatus comprises: X-ray tube, be used for control according to the X ray controller with X-radiation to object; Collimator is used for adjusting from the collimation of the radiating X ray of X-ray tube according to the control of collimation controller; X-ray detector is used to detect radiation and passes the collimator of adjustment and the X ray that object is passed in transmission; Data collector, the voltage signal that is used for producing according to the X ray amount that is detected by X-ray detector are converted to digital signal and send; Image camera is in the face of object is installed, so that obtain the surface color information of object; Image Acquisition and control unit are used to control the surface color information that image camera, storage and transmission obtain; And rotary body, rotating by the control of Rotation Controllers, above-mentioned assembly is installed in this rotary body.
Preferably adjust the focusing and the angle of image camera by the control of Image Acquisition and control unit.
Image camera comprises charge-coupled image sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.
The preferred image camera is installed in the precalculated position of rotary body, as the position of not throwing from the radiating X ray of X-ray tube.
The center of rotation of the centrally aligned rotary body of image camera.
When the X ray computed tomographic apparatus was the C arm diagnostic equipment, image camera was installed in the right side of the C arm diagnostic equipment and the pre-position of left side or C arm.
When the X ray computed tomographic apparatus was the dental computed tomography device, image camera was installed in the right side of X-ray tube of dental computed tomography device and the pre-position of left side or C arm.
Beneficial effect
By X ray computed tomographic apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, that can obtain computerized axial tomography image and surface of solids image, can obtain the surface color information of object simultaneously, like this, the profile information of object and colouring information should be used for constituting the computerized axial tomography image and the 3-D view of object simultaneously, thereby provide visual diagnostic image to the user.And, owing to can obtain the surface color information of object simultaneously, therefore when surface information that needs object simultaneously and profile information, can accurately represent the surface color information that traditional X-ray ray calculation tomographic device can not obtain, thereby, under the situation of the surface information of analytic target and the dependency between the internal information, can provide effective diagnostic image at the same time.And, owing to can obtain the surface color information of object and X ray transmission information simultaneously, and can provide computerized axial tomography image and chromatic solid-state image according to X ray computed tomographic apparatus of the present invention, therefore, this X ray computed tomographic apparatus can be applied to the outside diagnosis such as dentistry and the plastic surgery and the field of the dependency between the inside effectively.
Description of drawings
According to the following detailed description of carrying out in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of the present invention above and other purposes, characteristics and other advantages will more be expressly understood, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the traditional X ray computed tomographic apparatus of explanation;
Fig. 2 illustrates system block diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, that can obtain the X ray computed tomographic apparatus of tomographic image and surface of solids image simultaneously;
Fig. 3 is explanation in the exemplary plot of the state of the rotary body of the assembly of rotation of individual angle and localized, conduct X ray computed tomographic apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the exemplary plot of the various X-ray detectors that use in the X ray computed tomographic apparatus that illustrates according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the exemplary plot of explanation as a C arm type diagnostic equipment example, that image camera has been installed of X ray computed tomographic apparatus;
Fig. 6 is the exemplary plot of explanation as a dental computed tomography device example, that image camera has been installed of X ray computed tomographic apparatus;
Fig. 7 is the exemplary plot of explanation as an object rotation type computed tomographic apparatus example, that image camera has been installed of X ray computed tomographic apparatus.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter will describe X ray computed tomographic apparatus and operation thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, that can obtain tomographic image and surface of solids image simultaneously, that constitute as described above in detail.
Fig. 2 illustrates system block diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, that can obtain the X ray computed tomographic apparatus 200 of tomographic image and surface of solids image simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, X ray computed tomographic apparatus 200 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises: X-ray tube 210 is used for coming radiation X ray by the control of X ray controller 215; Collimator 220 is used for adjusting collimation according to the control of collimation controller 225; X-ray detector is used to detect the X ray that object 213 is passed in transmission; Data collector 245 is used to collect the X ray that is detected; Image camera 30 is used to obtain the surface image of object 213; Image Acquisition and control unit 235 are used to handle the surface image that is obtained; And rotary body 250, its control according to Rotation Controllers 255 is rotated, and all above-mentioned assemblies are installed in this rotary body 250.
And the X ray computed tomographic apparatus also comprises: data collection buffer 260 is used for the tomographic image that interim storage is collected by data collector 245; Data processor 270 is used for and will becomes 3-D view with the tomographic image information that control unit 235 transmits with the surface image signal reconstruct from data collection buffer 260 and Image Acquisition; Display 280 is used to show this 3-D view; Control interface 283, be used at data processor 270 control rotary bodies 250 and when being installed in the assembly (X-ray tube 210, collimator 220, image camera 230 etc.) of rotary body 250 as interface; And commanding apparatus 281, have the control button that is used for the user.
X ray controller 215, X-ray tube 210, collimation controller 225, collimator 220, image camera 230, Image Acquisition and control unit 235, X-ray detector 240 and data collector 245 are installed in the rotary body 250, and rotate by the control of Rotation Controllers 255.In other words, the rotary body 250 that these assemblies are installed is around object 213 rotations, thus X ray transmission information (tomographic image information) and the surface image information that can divide acquisition object 213 on the angle at each.
X-ray tube 210 produces X ray according to the control of X ray controller 215, and X ray is projected object 213.X ray is by being used for throwing, pass object 123 according to the collimator 220 that collimation is adjusted in the control of collimation controller 225, and propagates into X-ray detector 240.
Collimator 220 is by according to the type of X-ray detector 240 and the correct collimation of adjusting sends X ray.Collected by data collector 245 by the X ray that X-ray detector 240 detects.
Data collector 245 will convert digital signal to according to a series of voltage signals that the X ray amount that is detected by X-ray detector 240 produces, and this digital signal is sent to data collection buffer 260.Then, data collection buffer 260 digital signal that will be input to the tomographic image of data collection buffer 260 again is sent to data processor 270.
At this moment, be installed in the surface color information that image camera 230 in the rotary body 250 is obtained object 213, and this information is sent to Image Acquisition and control unit 235.Then, the surface color information that Image Acquisition and control unit 234 interim storages are obtained by image camera 230, and successively this surface color information is sent to data processor 270.
In order accurately to catch the surface color information of object 213, image camera 230 is adjusted its focusing and angle according to the control of Image Acquisition and control unit 235.In other words, when the size of object 213 and position change, image camera is adjusted according to Image Acquisition and control unit 235 and is focused on and angle, so that accurately catch the surface color information of object 213.
Preferably the imageing sensor that uses in image camera 230 is selected from charge-coupled device (CCD) and complementary metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (CMOS).
And as shown in Figure 2, image camera 230 is installed in the precalculated position of rotary body 250, makes not to be projected onto this precalculated position from the X ray of X-ray tube 210 emissions.In order accurately to catch the surface color information of object 213, the center of rotation of the camera lens preferred alignment rotary body 250 of image camera 230 is installed.
The transmission information (tomography information) and the surface color information that are sent to the object 213 of data processor 270 can convert predetermined tomographic image sets to and pass through applying three-dimensional image image processing techniques and the three-dimension surface image of reconstruct by image reconstruction algorithm.
Be used to the inside tomographic image or the shape of reconstruct object 213 by the X ray transmission information about object 213 of X-ray detector 240 detections in various angles.Be used to the surface color information of reconstruct object 213 with the surface color information of obtaining the object 213 that obtains by image camera 230 simultaneously about the X ray transmission information of object 213.
Like this, surface by the 3-D view of data processor 270 reconstruct can be described with the colouring information of reality, and people's eyebrow, hair and make up, in short, a pictures, these are beyond expression of words can showing with the color of reality in the tomography X image.
Fig. 3 is explanation in the exemplary plot of the state of the rotary body 250 of the assembly of the various angles rotation of rotary body 250 and localized, conduct X ray computed tomographic apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 3, rotary body 250 rotates to each predetermined angle around object 213.Although Fig. 3 illustrates rotary body 250 and rotates to the position that increases with 30 degree around object 213, and in fact rotary body 250 rotates to each branch angle around object 213.
When rotary body 250 when object 213 rotates to each branch angle, respectively by being installed in the transmission information that X-ray tube 210 in the rotary body 250 and X-ray detector 240 obtain objects 213, and, also obtained the surface color information of object 213 simultaneously by image camera 230.
At this moment, amount and the type in rotary body 250 X ray transmission information of acquisition when object 213 rotates changes according to the type that is installed in the X-ray detector 240 in the rotary body 250.
When rotary body 250 revolves three-sixth turn (1 week) and when each degree obtains X ray transmission information and image information around object 213, the amount and the type of the data that detected by the X-ray detector 240 of the type are as described below.
Because the single row X-ray detector 240 as shown in Fig. 4 a has N detecting unit, therefore 360 detections of the number N * of detecting unit data are collected, and because under the situation of the many rows X-ray detector 240 as shown in Fig. 4 b, exist four rows to have N cellular array, therefore, 4*N*360 detection data are collected.And, under the situation of the X-ray detector 240 of the plane type as shown in Fig. 4 c, because array is the plane with M*N detecting unit, so M*N*360 detection data are collected.
Like this, in single row X-ray detector 240 and many row's X-ray detectors 240, in order to obtain tomographic image about the volume of object 213, carry out the scan method of spiral type, that is: move perpendicular to the direction of the Plane of rotation of rotary body 250 on object 213 edges, and rotary body 250 rotations are so that obtain the X ray transmission information.Yet, in the X-ray detector 240 of plane type, when the X-ray detector 240 of plane type when containing the volume of object 213, can be about the X ray transmission information of object 213 only by rotation be obtained fully once week.
After the X ray transmission information of having collected according to the type of X-ray detector 240 about object 213, by the image reconstruction algorithm such as filtered back projection, single row X-ray detector 240 and many row's X-ray detectors 240 can obtain the tomographic image of the expectation of object 213, and by the image reconstruction algorithm such as the Feldkamp algorithm, the tomographic image that the X-ray detector 240 of plane type can obtain to expect.
The tomographic image sets of the reconstruct by the three-dimensional process technology being applied to the predetermined number that obtains according to said method can obtain the three-dimension surface image of reconstruct.During the process that obtains the X ray transmission information, by using the image information of all angles that obtained by image camera 230, the three-dimension surface image that utilizes above-mentioned processing to obtain can show the colouring information the same with the real surface color of object 213.And by using stereo-picture treatment technology or surface reconstruction algorithm, the image information of the object 213 that obtains in all angles can be reconfigured in the 3-D view.
In fact, the aforesaid X ray computed tomographic apparatus 200 that can obtain tomographic image and surface of solids image can be applied to dental computed tomography device and the object 213 rotation computed tomographic apparatus that use in the C arm type diagnostic equipment, the dentistry.
Fig. 5 is the exemplary plot of explanation as a C arm type diagnostic equipment example, that image camera 230 has been installed of X ray computed tomographic apparatus 200.
As shown in Figure 5, the C arm type diagnostic equipment comprises: X-ray tube 210 is used for X-radiation to object 213; X-ray detector 240 is used to detect the X ray that object 213 is passed in transmission; Image camera 230 is used to catch the surface color information of object 213; C type arm 250 is as rotary body 250; The Rotation Controllers (not shown) is used to rotate C type arm 250; And all the other equipment 290 (comprise the X ray controller, Image Acquisition and control unit, or the like).
In the C arm type diagnostic equipment, image camera 230 is preferably mounted at image camera 230 and is not exposed to preposition from X-ray tube 210 radiating X ray.Like this, image camera 230 is installed in the right side of X-ray tube 210 or the precalculated position of left side or C type arm 250, to prevent that image camera 230 is by x-ray bombardment.
And image camera 230 preferably is mounted to the center of the circle that aligning forms by X-ray tube 210 and X-ray detector 240.By image camera 230 being installed to the C arm type diagnostic equipment, can obtain the tomographic image and the surface color information of object 213 simultaneously.
Fig. 6 be explanation as an example of X ray computed tomographic apparatus 200, only be used for an exemplary plot of X ray computed tomographic apparatus dentistry, that image camera has been installed.
As shown in Figure 6, the dental X-ray computed tomographic apparatus comprises: X-ray tube 210 is used for X-radiation to object 213; X-ray detector 240 is used to detect the X ray that object 213 is passed in transmission; Image camera 230 is used to catch the surface color information of object 213; C type arm 250 is as rotary body 250; The Rotation Controllers (not shown) is used to rotate C type arm 250; And all the other equipment 290 (comprise the X ray controller, Image Acquisition and control unit, or the like).
The image camera 230 of dental X-ray computed tomographic apparatus is preferably mounted at image camera 230 and is not exposed to precalculated position from X-ray tube 210 radiating X ray.Like this, image camera 230 is installed in the right side of X-ray tube 210 or the precalculated position of left side or C type arm 250, to prevent that image camera 230 is by x-ray bombardment.
And image camera 230 preferably is mounted to the center of the circle that aligning forms by X-ray tube 210 and X-ray detector 240.By image camera 230 is installed to the dental X-ray computed tomographic apparatus, can obtain the tomographic image and the surface color information of object 213 simultaneously.
Fig. 7 is an exemplary plot example, that computed tomographic apparatus image camera 230, object rotation type be installed of explanation as X ray computed tomographic apparatus 200.
As shown in Figure 7, the X ray computed tomographic apparatus of object 213-rotation type comprises: X-ray tube 210 is used for X-radiation to object 213; X-ray detector 240 (X-ray detector 240 of plane type) is used to detect the X ray that object 213 is passed in transmission; Image camera 230 is used to catch the surface color information of object 213; Rotation disc 250 is as rotary body 250; The Rotation Controllers (not shown) is used to rotate rotation disc 250; And all the other equipment 290 (comprise the X ray controller, Image Acquisition and control unit, or the like).
The image camera 230 of the X ray computed tomographic apparatus of object 213 rotation types is preferably mounted at image camera 230 and is not exposed to precalculated position from X-ray tube 210 radiating X ray.Like this, image camera 230 be installed in the side of X-ray tube 210 or X ray projection less than the precalculated position.
And image camera 230 preferably is mounted to and makes the center of rotation of centrally aligned rotation disc of camera lens of image camera.As mentioned above, by image camera 230 is installed to the dental X-ray computed tomographic apparatus, can obtain the tomographic image and the surface color information of object 213 simultaneously.
Industrial applicibility
As mentioned above, X-ray computed tomographic apparatus of the present invention can be applied to such as tooth Section, plastic surgery (being used for the diagnosis of facial deformity), before the art of oral cavity and maxillofacial procedure and In the medical imaging system field of the virtual operation simulation of postoperative and diagnosis simulation and so on, also can be used for all Inspection in the time of such as the assembly of machine and the vehicles inside and outside, reverse-engineering and object Inside and outside the time nondestructive testing that checks and so on.

Claims (7)

1. X ray computed tomographic apparatus that can obtain tomographic image and surface of solids image simultaneously comprises:
X-ray tube, be used for control according to the X ray controller with X-radiation to object;
Collimator is used for adjusting from the collimation of the radiating X ray of described X-ray tube according to the control of collimation controller;
X-ray detector is used to detect radiation and passes the described X ray that passes described object through the collimator and the transmission of adjustment;
Data collector, the voltage signal that is used for producing according to the X ray amount that is detected by described X-ray detector are converted to digital signal and transmit;
Image camera is in the face of described object is installed, to obtain the surface color information of described object;
Image Acquisition and control unit are used to control described image camera, surface color information that storage and transmission obtained; And
Rotary body rotates by the control of Rotation Controllers, and above-mentioned assembly is installed in this rotary body.
2. X ray computed tomographic apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein, is adjusted the focusing and the angle of described image camera by the control of described Image Acquisition and control unit.
3. X ray computed tomographic apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described image camera comprises charge-coupled image sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.
4. X ray computed tomographic apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described image camera is installed in the precalculated position of described rotary body, as described the radiating X ray of the X-ray tube position of not throwing.
5. X ray computed tomographic apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the center of rotation of the described rotary body of centrally aligned of described image camera.
6. X ray computed tomographic apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when described X ray computed tomographic apparatus was the C arm diagnostic equipment, described image camera was installed in the right side of the described C arm type diagnostic equipment and the pre-position of left side or C arm.
7. X ray computed tomographic apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when described X ray computed tomographic apparatus was the dental computed tomography device, described image camera was installed in the right side of X-ray tube of described dental computed tomography device and the pre-position of left side or C arm.
CN2005800457302A 2004-12-30 2005-11-23 X-ray computed tomography apparatus to acquire the tomography and three-dimension surface image Expired - Fee Related CN101094609B (en)

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