CN101092238A

CN101092238A - Method for preparing active carbon of typha and calamus

Info

Publication number: CN101092238A
Application number: CN 200710015671
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张成禄; 高春芳; 张建; 代嫣然; 任小花
Original assignee: Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong University
Priority date: 2007-06-08
Filing date: 2007-06-08
Publication date: 2007-12-26

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing activated carbon from cattail or calamus. The method comprises: (1) cleaning cattail or calamus straw, and drying to a water content of 5-14%; (2) pulverizing, sieving with an 80-100 mesh sieve, and soaking in 50wt.% phosphoric acid in an ultrasonic oscillator at 20-60 deg.C for 20-60 min, or carbonizing and soaking in 50wt.% phosphoric acid for 1.5-2.0 h according to a solid/liquid weight ratio of 1:2.5; (3) activating soaked cattail or calamus straw at 400-500 deg.C; (4) washing with water, stirring adequately, placing in an ultrasonic oscillator, ultrasonicating, and washing to a pH value of 6.5-7 to obtain activated carbon; (5) drying activated carbon aqueous solution at 105-121 deg.C, and pulverizing. The method has such advantages as abundant raw material, simple process, and no pollution. The obtained activated carbon has a porous structure, and has high adsorption ability.

Description

Cattail and calamus preparation method of active carbon

Technical field

The present invention relates to utilize cattail or calamus to prepare process of active carbon.

Background technology

At present the Preparation of Activated Carbon raw material mainly contains five big classes: plant, coal, oil, plastics and other (dedusting ash and excess sludge etc.).China is at present mainly with timber, Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L), the peach almond raw material as wood activated charcoal, but China's shell and timber resources are very limited, and is difficult for concentrating and stores, and has restricted its development.Though the coal oil resource is widely distributed, and is cheap because it belongs to Nonrenewable resources, and in the process of its exploitation and preparation contaminate environment easily, its mass production also is restricted.The subsequent disposal that plastic raw materials produces also pollutes environment easily.

For public hazards such as Air Pollution prevention and control, water pollution and stench with the protection environment, Reasonable Protection and utilize forest and other Nonrenewable resources, other better raw materials of preparation gacs of eager demand.Cattail and calamus belong to wetland plant, and output is abundant, also do not have the relevant report of cattail and calamus gac at present.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the deficiency that existing gac raw material and preparation method thereof exists, a kind of cheap, environmental protection is provided, is the cattail and the calamus preparation method of active carbon of raw material with the stalk of cattail and calamus.

Cattail of the present invention and calamus preparation method of active carbon may further comprise the steps:

1. cattail or calamus stalk are cleaned, air-dry under field conditions (factors) or under 105 ℃-121 ℃, dry to moisture content be 5%-14%;

2. with above-mentioned cattail or calamus crushed stalk, cross the 80-100 mesh sieve; According to the solid-liquid mass ratio is 1: 2.5, gets mass concentration and be 50% phosphoric acid, soaked 20-60 minute down at temperature 20-60 ℃ in ultrasonic oscillator, or to get concentration is that 50% phosphoric acid charing was soaked 1.5-2.0 hour;

3. cattail after will soaking or calamus stalk be 400-550 ℃ of down activation, and the one, in microwave device, under the power of 700-1500W microwave radiation 7-8 minute, the one, activation is 2-2.5 hour in activation furnace;

4. add water washing then, fully stir postposition and went in the ultrasonic oscillator sonic oscillation 3 minutes, filter the back and repeat twice according to identical method, wash to pH be 6.5-7, prepare gac;

5. the gac of preparation is dried down at 105-121 ℃, pulverize, what 80 orders were following collecting and packing.

The present invention is a raw material with calamus and the cattail that extensively is easy to get, and operating procedure is simple, and cost is low, and is pollution-free substantially.The calamus and the cattail gac genus polyporus type structure of preparation, absorption property is good.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is a process flow sheet of the present invention.

Embodiment

Shown in the process flow sheet of the present invention that accompanying drawing provides.The present invention is a raw material with cattail or calamus, and first wash clean is air-dry under field conditions (factors) then, also can under 105 ℃-121 ℃, dry to moisture content be 5%-14%.With pulverizer cattail (or calamus) straw is pulverized again, crossed 100 mesh sieves, collect the raw material of required fineness.Be 1: 2.5 according to solid-to-liquid ratio again, get mass concentration and be 50% phosphoric acid, in the ultrasonic oscillator of adjustable power, with the power of 100-500W, ultrasonic immersion 20-60 minute, soaking temperature 20-60 ℃.Or get same concentration phosphoric acid, soaked 1.5-2.0 hour under the same solid-to-liquid ratio condition.The phosphoric acid that soaked can be collected and be recycled.Cattail or calamus straw behind the dipping are put into microwave device, and under the power of 700-1500W, microwave radiation 7-8 minute, its activation temperature was about 400-500 ℃ (or in activation furnace, activation is 2-2.5 hour under the temperature 400-500 ℃ of condition).Add water washing then, fully stir and rearmountedly go in the ultrasonic oscillator, filter the back and repeat twice according to identical method with the power ultrasonic vibration of 100-500W 3 minutes, wash to p H be 6.5-7.Afterwards this gac aqueous solution is dried down at 105-121 ℃, the gac that obtains is pulverized again, what 80 orders were following collecting and packing.

The present invention has following advantage:

1. calamus and cattail derive from wet land system, extensively are easy to get, and preparation cost is cheap, belong to utilization of waste material.

2. the multi-hole type structure of calamus and cattail is good for the preparation absorption property, and efficiently gac has good effect fast.

3. this invention has that to consume index low, and environmental pollution is light, and greatly limit is utilized the energy, and cost is low, and quality product is the advantage of control easily.

4. operating procedure is simple, and constant product quality, technology are pollution-free substantially.

Claims

1, a kind of cattail and calamus preparation method of active carbon is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

(1) cattail or calamus stalk are cleaned, air-dry under field conditions (factors) or under 105 ℃-121 ℃, dry to moisture content be 5%-14%;

(2), cross the 80-100 mesh sieve with above-mentioned cattail or calamus crushed stalk; According to the solid-liquid mass ratio is 1: 2.5, gets mass concentration and be 50% phosphoric acid, soaked 20-60 minute down at temperature 20-60 ℃ in ultrasonic oscillator, or to get concentration is that 50% phosphoric acid charing was soaked 1.5-2.0 hour;

(3) cattail after will soaking or calamus stalk be 400-500 ℃ of activation down, and the one, in microwave device, under the power of 700-1500W microwave radiation 7-8 minute, the one, activation is 2-2.5 hour in activation furnace;

(4) add water washing then, fully stir postposition and went in the ultrasonic oscillator sonic oscillation 3 minutes, filter the back and repeat twice according to identical method, wash to pH be 6.5-7, prepare gac;

(5) the gac aqueous solution of preparation is dried down at 105-121 ℃, pulverize, what 80 orders were following collecting and packing.