Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
A kind of block transmission system frequency field demodulation device based on bank of filters of the present invention is used for the receiver of the fdma system realized based on the transmitter of the fdma system of the many Methods of Subband Filter Banks of time domain loop structure with based on many Methods of Subband Filter Banks.
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of block diagram of transmitter of the fdma system based on the many Methods of Subband Filter Banks of time domain loop structure.Comprising a data block segmenting device 10, string and conversion equipment 11, the orthogonal converter that K is ordered 12, subband mapping device 13,15, one loop-around datas of the inverse filterbank conversion (IFBT) that M is ordered device 14, displacements adding up device become block assembly 16 and a Cyclic Prefix adding set 17.
Suppose { a
n, n=0,1,2....} is the serial modulated symbols sequence that is input to the data block segmenting device 10 of transmitter; Data block segmenting device 10 is used for symbol modulated string character data sequence { a
n, n=0,1,2....} is divided into string character sequence of blocks of data { b
k, k=0,1,2..., D-1}, here, b
kRepresent that a number of elements equals the row vector of K, wherein D be the IFBT number of symbols of stack in its backward shift adding up device 15, and K is the counting of FFT conversion in the FFT converting means 12 thereafter.Because emitter is identical and is independently the operation of each serial data block of input, therefore only describes the operation to a serial data block of emission and receiving system in scheme is thereafter described.
String and conversion equipment 11 are used for string character sequence of blocks of data { b
k, k=0,1,2..., each data block is gone here and there and conversion operations among the D-1}, to form D parallel symbol data block { c
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1}, here, { c
k(n ') } number of elements of expression and the same column vector of FFT transform size K;
Orthogonal converter 12 is used for each the parallel symbol data block { c to input
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1} carries out the orthogonal transform of K point.Here, orthogonal transform comprises discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (DFT), Walsh-Hadamard (WH) conversion, or identical transformation (being that conversion output signal vector and input signal vector are identical).Preferably, adopt K point DFT conversion.Through the DFT conversion module, the sequence of blocks of data { c that input is parallel
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1} is transformed into corresponding data block sequence { d
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1}, relation is each other obeyed
M '=0, L, K-1, k=0,1 ..., D-1, here, { d
k(m ') } also represent a number of elements and the equirotal column vector of orthogonal transform.Orthogonal transform size K equals to transmit required number of sub-bands, and can carry out the self adaptation adjustment according to the required transmission rate of communication system.
Subband mapping device 13 is used for the data block d through orthogonal transform output
kIn each element be mapped to respectively on the corresponding subband and transmit, for the subband transmission 0 that does not have data map.The mode of mapping can be the Continuous Mappings mode, soon each element map in the data block is to the continuously arranged a plurality of subbands of frequency spectrum upper frequency, also can be the Discrete Mapping mode, soon each element map in the data block be to the spaced a plurality of subbands of frequency spectrum upper frequency.Through the subband mapping device, the sequence of blocks of data { d that input is parallel
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1} is transformed into corresponding data block sequence { e
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1}, { e
k(m) } represent that also a number of elements is the column vector of M, wherein M is the total number of sub-bands of many Methods of Subband Filter Banks.IFBT (inverse filterbank conversion)
device 14, each the parallel symbol sequence of blocks of data { e that is used to import
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1} carries out the IFBT conversion that M is ordered.Through the IFBT conversion module, the parallel sequence of blocks of data of input is transformed into corresponding data block sequence { g
k, k=0,1 ..., D-1}, relation is each other obeyed
N=0, L, L-1, k=0,1 ..., D-1.{ f wherein
p(n), n=0,1,2..., L-1} are bank of filters prototype filter coefficient (that is impulse response), and wherein L is a filter length, and its frequency response is the frequency response of list low-pass filter.This filter satisfies the shift-orthogonal condition:
N is filter shift-orthogonal interval, that is the up-sampling rate.Here { g
k(n) } be expressed as the serial data block that block length is L.
Displacement adding up
device 15, be used for and the sequence of blocks of data of string conversion output by the N stack that is shifted at interval of the shift-orthogonal of the prototype filter of multiphase filter correspondence.Particularly, at k constantly, with k-1 constantly the length that generates of waveform synthesizer be that the preceding N point data of the data sequence of L sends, get remaining L-N point data again, after afterbody adds N zero, with k constantly and the L point data piece { g of string conversion output
k(n), n=0,1,2..., the L-1} addition constitutes new L point data sequence; And k+1 constantly will this newly-generated L point sequence preceding N point data send, get remaining L-N point data again, after afterbody adds N zero, with k+1 constantly and the L point data piece { g that exports of string conversion
K+1(n), n=0,1,2..., the L-1} addition constitutes the data updated sequence.So go round and begin again.Through the displacement adding up device, the sequence of blocks of data of input serial is transformed into corresponding data block sequence { s (n), n=0,1,2..., E-1}.And relation is each other obeyed
Obviously, the length of sequence s (n) is E=(D-1) * N+L, and wherein L is a prototype filter length, and N is prototype filter shift-orthogonal interval; Loop-around data becomes
block assembly 16, is used for the data sequence after synthetic through waveform is carried out buffer memory, blocks piecemeal and the waveform overlap-add operation that circulates from beginning to end, and it is operated as shown in Figure 3.At first, buffer storage length is the synthetic back of the waveform output sequence of E.Be that the data sequence of E is divided into length and is respectively F1 then with the length of buffer memory, the three segment data pieces of Q and F2 make E=F1+Q+F2.Preferably, Q=D * N.Select D and N, make Q 〉=F1+F2.The three segment data pieces that will be divided into the at last stack that circulates from beginning to end, the last F1 point data stack of the Q point data piece of the preceding F1 point data of intercepting and intercepting soon, simultaneously, with the preceding F2 point data stack of the Q point data piece of back F2 point data and the intercepting of intercepting, formation length is the cycling wave form sequence of Q

Because Q is the integral multiple of IFBT number of symbols D multiplexing in each data block, sequence
Be the continuous cyclic sequences of head and the tail.In fact, output sequence can be expressed as
N=0,1 ..., Q-1, (())
QExpression delivery Q computing.
Cyclic
Prefix adding set 17, the protection that is used for adding a length-specific in the head or tail portion of cycling wave form sequence are used to reduce interchannel interference (preferably, this protection length at interval should greater than channel maximum delay extension length) at interval.Preferably, protection adding set at interval can be adopted Cyclic Prefix (CP) adding set, and a part that also is about to described data block afterbody copies to its front end, forms the data block symbols of final band CP.Through Cyclic Prefix adding set, input data sequence
Be transformed into complete data block symbols sequence t (n), n=0,1 ..., P-1}, wherein, P=Q+C, C are circulating prefix-length.
Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of block diagram of receiver of the fdma system of realizing based on many Methods of Subband Filter Banks.Comprising 30, one strings of a Cyclic Prefix removal device and 31, one Q points of conversion equipment FFT converting means 32, the balanced subcarrier of subband is separated mapping device 33, and K subband balancer (only illustrates three 340 for simplicity's sake, among Fig. 1,341,342), K subband matched filter (for simplicity's sake, only illustrate three 350,351 among Fig. 1,352), K energy collecting device (only illustrates three 360,361 for simplicity's sake, among Fig. 1,362), K compensate of frequency deviation device (only illustrates three 370,371 for simplicity's sake, among Fig. 1,372), K D point IFFT converting means (only illustrates three 380,381 for simplicity's sake, among Fig. 1,382), the K and the conversion equipment of going here and there (only illustrate three 390,391 for simplicity's sake, among Fig. 1,392), an inverse orthogonal transformation device 40 and parallel/serial conversion equipment 41 that K is ordered.
Especially, for the communication system up link, the receiving system of Fig. 2 example is only at a user's received signal.Receive for the multi-user, both can adopt the receiving system of a cover respectively at each user as Fig. 2, also can separate mapping device 33 all devices before, and adopt a cover belt carrier wave to separate mapping device 33 all devices afterwards respectively at each user to the shared subband subcarrier of all users.
Suppose the receiver ideal synchronisation, and supposition r (n), and n=0,1 ..., P-1} is the string character sequence that is input to the Cyclic Prefix removal device 30 of receiver;
Cyclic Prefix removal device 30 is used for adding rule according to the transmitting terminal Cyclic Prefix, C sampled value before in the data block cast out, formation length be Q serial data sequence o (n), n=0,1,2 ..., Q-1};
The string and conversion equipment 31, be used for will the input serial data sequence o (n), n=0,1,2 ..., Q-1} be converted to the parallel data sequence p (n), n=0,1,2 ..., Q-1};
Q point FFT converting means 32, be used for to the input the parallel data sequence p (n), n=0,1,2 ..., Q-1} carries out Q point FFT conversion.Through the FFT conversion, the parallel data sequence of input be transformed into corresponding parallel data sequence q (k), k=0,1,2 ..., Q-1}, relation is each other obeyed
The balanced subcarrier of subband is separated
mapping device 33, is used for extracting the signal phasor that receives on each subband frequency domain equalization subcarrier by the number of sub carrier wave and the sequence number of each subband spectrum correspondence of CU.The balanced number of sub carrier wave that each subband takies is W
l(l=0, L, K-1), and
Q is that frequency domain equalization FFT conversion is counted, and M is a bank of filters sub-band sum order.Because the balanced number of sub carrier wave of each subband is necessary for integer, therefore, when Q is not the integral multiple of M, that is W is when being non-integer, and the balanced number of sub carrier wave that each subband takies can round off between adjacent sub-bands accordingly.The balanced number of sub carrier wave of each subband this moment can be inequality, but the balanced number of sub carrier wave sum of all subbands should equal Q.Be without loss of generality, suppose that the balanced number of sub carrier wave of l subband taking is W
l(K-1), and corresponding balanced subcarrier sequence number is k for l=0, L
l+ (0:W
l-1), k
lIt is the balanced sub-carrier offset amount of l subband.Separate mapping through the balanced subcarrier of subband, for l subband, the signal phasor that is used for frequency domain equalization of output is t
lAnd t (k)=q (k (k),
l+ k), k=0, L, W
l-1.Because Q=N * D, and N 〉=M, so W
l〉=D.
Subband balancer 340,341,342 is used for each subband signal of separating the mapping extraction through the balanced subcarrier of subband is carried out equilibrium respectively.Through the subband equilibrium, (l=0, L, K-1) individual subband, the signal phasor behind the frequency domain equalization of output are u (k), and u for l
l(k)=t
l(k) h (k
l+ k), k=0, L, W
l-1.Wherein, h (k
l+ k) be k
lThe frequency domain equalization coefficient of+k subcarrier.For ZF (ZF) equilibrium,
For least mean-square error (MMSE) equilibrium,
H (k
l+ k) be k
lThe channel frequency response of+k frequency domain equalization subcarrier.σ
2Be the noise variance on the frequency domain equalization subcarrier.
Subband matched filter 350,351,352 is used for the signal phasor of the balanced output of each subband is carried out the frequency domain matched filtering, promptly is that the signal phasor that each subband frequency domain equalization is exported be multiply by the conjugation of respective sub-bands frequency response.For l (l=0, L, K-1) individual subband, sub-bands of frequencies response is
K=0, L, W
l-1, f wherein "
P, l(n)=f '
P, l((n+F1))
Q, n=0, L, Q-1, f '
P, l(n)=f
p(n) exp (j2 π ln/M), n=0, L, L-1, and { f
p(n), n=0,1,2..., L-1} are bank of filters prototype filter coefficient (that is impulse response), F1 becomes the length of the first segment data piece of intercepting in the
block assembly 16 for the transmitting terminal loop-around data.In fact, for given system parameters, each sub-bands of frequencies response is constant, can produce by off-line.Through the subband matched filter, for l subband, the signal phasor of output is
K=0, L, W
l-1, and
K=0, L, W
l-1.
Energy collecting device 360,361,362 is used for the signal energy at each subband spectrum edge is collected.(K-1) individual subband promptly is to be W with length for l=0, L for l
l, frequency-region signal vector with raised cosine Energy distribution
K=0, L, W
lIt is D (D<W that the energy at-1 two ends (that is the energy at l subband spectrum edge) is collected length
l), the signal phasor v with smooth Energy distribution
l(k) in.Preferably a kind of implementation method is, earlier with signal phasor
Be divided into length and be respectively D and W
lTwo sections sequences of the stem of-D and afterbody are then with preceding W in afterbody sequence and the stem sequence
lThe addition of-D point sequence constitutes the sequence v that length is D at last
l(k), k=0, L, D-1.Its operating process as shown in Figure 4.
Compensate of frequency deviation device 370,371,372 is used to compensate the frequency shift (FS) of each subband.Compensate of frequency deviation both can be realized in time domain, also can realize at frequency domain.Realize in time domain, need multiply by the phase compensation sequence to time domain sequences, so complexity is higher.And realize at frequency domain, only need carry out cyclic shift and get final product frequency domain sequence.Particularly, (K-1) individual subband is with the signal phasor v that obtains after the collection of energy for l=0, L for l
l(k), k=0, L, D-1, cyclic shift ξ to the right
lIndividual numerical point.ξ wherein
l=((k
l))
D, k
lBe the 1st frequency domain equalization sub-carrier offset amount of l subband.Through compensate of frequency deviation, for l subband, the signal phasor of output is
And
K=0, L, D-1.D point IFFT converting means 380,381,382 is used for each the subband frequency-region signal behind the compensate of frequency deviation
K=0, L, D-1 is transformed to time-domain signal.Through the IFFT conversion, (K-1) individual subband, the signal phasor of output are w for l=0, L for l
l(k '), k '=0, L, D-1, and
K ' 0, L, and D-1, here, { w
l(k ') } column vector that number of elements is D of expression;
And string conversion equipment 390,391 and 392, be used for each the subband time-domain signal sequence w after the IFFT conversion
l(k '), k '=0, L, D-1 carry out and go here and there conversion operations.Through and the string conversion equipment, for l (l=0, L, K-1) individual subband, the serial signal vector of output is x
l(k '), k '=0, L, D-1, here, { x
l(k ') } represent that a number of elements is the row vector of D;
K point inverse orthogonal transformation device 40 is used for the K of input and the symbol sebolic addressing x of conversion equipment output of going here and there
l(k '), k '=0, L, D-1 according to the rule of transmitting terminal orthogonal transform, carries out K point inverse orthogonal transformation.Adopt K point DFT conversion for transmitting terminal, receiving terminal adopts K point IDFT conversion, and then Shu Ru a K serial data sequence is transformed into D parallel data block sequence { y
K '(n '), k '=0,1 ..., D-1}, and
N ' 0, L, and K-1, k '=0,1 ..., D-1, here, { y
K '(n ') } column vector that number of elements is K of expression;
And string conversion equipment 41, be used for parallel data block sequence { y to input
K '(n '), n '=0, L, K-1, k '=0,1 ..., each parallel data block carries out respectively and goes here and there conversion operations among the D-1}.Process and string conversion equipment are output as serial data symbol sebolic addressing { z
k(n), n=0, L, K-1, k=0,1 ..., D-1} is used for the symbol demodulation and the decoding of receiving terminal, to recover the information bit of emission.Here, { z
k(n) } number of elements of expression is the row vector of K;
Embodiment:
System emulation and result
(1) system emulation parameter
Systematic sampling frequency 7.68MHz
Sub-band sum order (M): 28
Take number of sub-bands (K): 1 subband/6 subband
Prototype filter: root raised cosine
Prototype filter length (L): 392
Filter up-sampling rate (N): 32
Subband mapping mode: concentrate mapping (only at 6 subband situations)
Coded system/code check: Turbo (1/2)
Modulation system: QPSK
Antenna configurations: receive for 11
Channel model: PB (3km/h)
Equalization algorithm: MMSE frequency domain equalization
The frequency domain equalization Q:512 that counts
The multiplexing tilde of each data block is counted D:16
Contrast simulation system: frequency-domain demodulation method and time domain demodulation method
(2) simulation result
By Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 as seen, when adopting 1 and 6 subbands, based on the DFT-S-GMC systematic bits error rate of frequency-domain demodulation much at one, promptly adopt frequency-domain demodulation not cause systemic loss of energy.
(3) complexity relatively
Separate during table 1 and be in harmonious proportion the frequency-domain demodulation complexity relatively
Wherein Round (.) represents to round up computing.Once multiple removing is equivalent to 6 realities and takes advantage of with 2 realities and remove, and 28 FFT is equivalent to FFT and 7 FFT of 4 of 74 times, and 512 and 4 FFT adopt 2-base algorithms, 7 FFT employing WFTA algorithm (taking advantage of again for totally 9 times).
By table as seen, the receiver complexity that adopts frequency-domain demodulation is less than the receiver complexity that adopts the time domain demodulation, especially at receiving terminal (base station) to each user's independence demodulation, the less situation of each CU number of sub-bands of while.As taking 28 subbands when (expiring subband), the real multiplier of frequency-domain demodulation is about 1/2nd of time domain demodulation.And when taking 1 subband, the real multiplier of frequency-domain demodulation has only 1/3rd of time domain demodulation.