CN1010892B - 毫米波全波段功率计 - Google Patents

毫米波全波段功率计

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Publication number
CN1010892B
CN1010892B CN 86101442 CN86101442A CN1010892B CN 1010892 B CN1010892 B CN 1010892B CN 86101442 CN86101442 CN 86101442 CN 86101442 A CN86101442 A CN 86101442A CN 1010892 B CN1010892 B CN 1010892B
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calorimetric
power meter
thermoshield
load
waveguide
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CN86101442A (zh
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匡龙海
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Institute of Electronics of CAS
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Institute of Electronics of CAS
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Priority to CN 86101442 priority Critical patent/CN1010892B/zh
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Publication of CN1010892B publication Critical patent/CN1010892B/zh
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Abstract

一种新型的量热式毫米波全波段功率计。采用双对称传输系统,终端设计了两个相同结构的负载。在波导内有一量热负载和做成鳍状线的金属片,量热负载的材料是碳化硅和氧化铍。本功率计结构简单,工作频带宽、功率量程宽、时间常数短,一台功率计可以取代传统的5~7台功率计。

Description

本发明属于测量仪器。
现有的量热式毫米波功率计因时间长数长,一般测量时间需要10~30分钟才能稳定。采用热反馈系统,时间常数可缩短到2~5分钟,但结构较为复杂,所以较少用作一般功率测量的通用仪器,而是用作功率计量标准。一般功率计的频带宽度受波导带宽的限制,在整个毫米波波段范围内需要5~7台功率计。而且上述的功率计的量程一般在100mw以下。见IEEETRANSACTIONS    ON    MICROWAV    ETHEORY    AND    TECHNIQUES。
本发明的目的是提出一种具有宽频带、高功率容量、短时间长数及测量精度高的通用功率计。
图1是毫米波功率计的整体结构图。图中1是输入波导、2是绝热波导段、3是热屏蔽筒、4是热屏蔽波导块、5是量热体负载组件。
图2是驻波特性曲线。
图3是量热体负载组件的详细结构。图中6是热电堆组件、7是金属鳍片、8是量热体负载。
本发明的要点是在热屏蔽波导内的量热负载8和做成鳍线形状的金属片7。它使传统的量热波导、吸收负载和热偶融为一体。热屏蔽波导块仅做为热屏蔽和保证电磁波的传输。量热负载的材料是氧化铍和碳化硅,其中碳化硅的含量为1~15%,其余为氧化铍,将热偶组件的康铜丝一面的漆皮去除后镀上银。
下面通过图解说明本发明的工作原理。从图1可以看出,本发明是属于量热式功率计,其基本工作原理是建立在直流功率替代微波功率的基础上。根据能量守恒定律,将微波功率转换成直流电动势输出。由图中看出,本功率计采用双对称传输系统。它们的结构和热学条件都相同。终端设计了二个相同结构的负载量热体-主量热体和参考负载量热体。输入波导1输入被测量的毫米波功率,输入波导1同热屏蔽筒3连接在一起,绝热波导段2把热屏蔽波导块4进行热隔离,形成本量热式功率计的热屏蔽电路,把外界环境对内部量热体负载组件5的影响减小到最低限度。
下面看图3。热电偶堆组件6用以量热、测量主量热体8和参考量热体之间的温差。量热体负载8用来吸收毫米波功率并提供等效的直流加热源。量热体负载8可同金属鳍片7一起构成宽频带匹配吸收电路。本功率计的量热体负载组件的结构取代了传统的双薄壁波导作为热媒介的量热结构。它使传统的量热波导、负载和热偶融为一体。热屏蔽波导块仅作为热屏蔽和保证电磁波的传输。使整个量热体热容量大大减小,时间常数缩短一个数量级以上。本功率计的量热体负载是由碳化硅和氧化铍复合而成。在氧化铍上有一层碳化硅,总的厚度为0.5~0.7毫米,在氧化铍上也可有一层其它高温吸收材料,碳化硅的含量为1%~15%。此种负载对于毫米波频率具有良好的吸收性能,且具有十分良好的均匀热分布,在极端情况下直流和微波之间的替代误差小于1.2%。碳化硅和氧化铍复合负载7与鳍片8一起组成了超宽频带的吸收负载。这种组合式过模负载体对于H01膜、准TEM模及其它高次模式进行混合吸收。因此只要在本发明的输入波导前加上相应的渐变过渡锥体波导,就可达到26.5GHZ~170GHZ的宽频带要求。本功率计所用的热偶组件,采用了漆包康铜丝密绕在云母片上,把康铜丝一面的漆皮去除后电镀银层,再用绝缘胶或漆涂复后形成60对左右的康铜-银热电堆。电镀热偶件未镀银面与量热负载胶合在一起,从电镀热偶组件中引出直流电动势,与指示电路相联。控制热偶堆二端的热阻还可以调整量热式功率计的时间常数。
本功率计结构简单,成本低,工作频带宽(26.5GHZ-170GHZ)功率量程宽(100μW-1W)时间常数短( =5~10秒),一台功率计可以取代传统的5~7台功率计的新型毫米波干负载量热式功率计。

Claims (3)

1、毫米波全波段功率计由输入波导1、绝热波导段2、热屏蔽筒3、热屏蔽波导块4组成,本发明的特征是在热屏蔽波导块4内有量热体组件5,所说的量热体组件5由量热负载8、鳍状金属片7和热偶组件6组成,使得量热薄壁波导、吸收负载和热偶组件融为一体,所说的热屏蔽波导块4仅作为热屏蔽和保证电磁波的传输。
2、按权利要求1所述的毫米波功率计其特征为鳍状金属片7的材料是碳化硅和氧化铍。
3、按权利要求1、2所述的毫米波功率计其特征为碳化硅的含量为1%-15%,其余为氧化铍。
CN 86101442 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 毫米波全波段功率计 Expired CN1010892B (zh)

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CN 86101442 CN1010892B (zh) 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 毫米波全波段功率计

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CN 86101442 CN1010892B (zh) 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 毫米波全波段功率计

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CN1010892B true CN1010892B (zh) 1990-12-19

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102507036A (zh) * 2011-11-23 2012-06-20 中国计量科学研究院 毫米波功率传感器及具有该毫米波功率传感器的量热计
CN110187168B (zh) * 2019-05-07 2020-10-27 电子科技大学 一种量热式微波毫米波中低功率测量系统及方法
CN110133367B (zh) * 2019-06-14 2020-09-08 电子科技大学 一种毫米波量热式微波功率计用负载

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