CN101088597A - Adsorbent for adsorbing six-valent chromium ion and its prepn process - Google Patents
Adsorbent for adsorbing six-valent chromium ion and its prepn process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is adsorbent for adsorbing six-valent chromium ion and its preparation process. The adsorbent includes silicon-base porous carrier and functional heterocyclic compound group supported through grafting reaction onto the surface of the silicon-base porous carrier. The silicon-base porous carrier is porous silica gel or ordered mesoporous silica; and the heterocyclic compound is nitrogen-containing piperidine, imidazole, triazole, triazo sodium or their salt. The preparation process includes the steps of: adding silicon-base porous material into toluene, adding organosilane coupler to react under the protection of N2, filtering and washing. The adsorbent is suitable for adsorption, separation and elimination of six-valent chromium ion in chromium containing solution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to adsorbent and preparation method thereof, specially refer to a kind of material that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Chromium and compound thereof are widely used in plating, tanning, pigment, metallurgy, paint, printing and dyeing and printing industry, occupy critical role in national economy.But the chromate waste water of industry dischargings such as water pollution that the high toxicity chromium slag of traditional high-temperature roasting chrominm salt production technology discharging causes and plating, tanning, printing and dyeing causes severe contamination to environment.Especially Cr VI toxicity is big, and strong impulse and corrosivity are arranged, if enter human body, can make cell produce canceration, very harmful to human body; Also very big to the harm of the other biological in the environment.So chromium pollution water reparation and chromate waste water purified treatment have crucial meaning to improving environment.
The method that processing contains hexavalent chromium waste water has multiple, is typically oxidation-reduction method, microbial method and absorption method.Oxidation-reduction method at first is to be hexavalent chrome reduction the less trivalent chromium of toxicity, add precipitating reagent then, make the trivalent chromium precipitation, separate then, but the chemical agent that this process need is a large amount of produces a large amount of mud, handles trouble, easily cause secondary pollution, and be unsuitable for the removal of drop hexavalent chromium in the solution.It is long that microbial method is sought the suitable bacterial strain cycle of cultivation, and treating capacity is limited.Absorption method is a kind of method of removing poisonous ion in the waste water commonly used, has that treating capacity is big, adsorbent is reusable, low cost and other advantages.Yet, during some traditional adsorbents adsorb hexavalent chromiums, exist the on the low side or absorption of adsorbance and reach the long shortcoming of balance required time.
The adsorbent patent and the document of typical adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions are as follows:
Industrial English Chemical Research (2005) 1027-1042: activated carbon and activated carbon fiber cloth with the agricultural by product preparation are adsorbent, hexavalent chromium in the adsorbent solution.
Water Research (2005) 1099-1104: with ion exchanged zeolite is adsorbent, the hexavalent chromium in the adsorbent solution.
Water Research (2004) 2424-2432: the polyacrylonitrile fibre with amination is made adsorbent, the hexavalent chromium in the adsorbent solution.
Environmental Science﹠amp; Technology (2003) 4449-4456: with the living beings chitosan material is adsorbent, the hexavalent chromium in the adsorbent solution.
US4481087: ferrous (FeO (OH)) is raw material with hydroxyl oxidize, prepare Powdered, the adsorbent of high-ratio surface, the hexavalent chromium in the adsorbent solution.
Chemistry of Materials (2002) 4603-4610: the mesopore molecular sieve MCM-41 and the SBA-1 that modify with amino-alkyl silicane make adsorbent, the hexavalent chromium in the adsorbent solution.
In a word, though the absorption that has multiple adsorbent to can be used in hexavalent chromium is removed, it is on the low side to exist adsorbance, and reaching adsorption equilibrium required time length or preparation process needs expensive some inevitable shortcomings such as silane coupler.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is that the adsorbent that the is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions organic functions group, the unique organic and inorganic complex function of structure is rich on carrier, surface with the inorganic porous material.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation of adsorbent method that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions provided by the invention is characterized in that, this adsorbent comprises silica-based porous material carrier and passes through the heterocyclic compound functional group of functional graft reaction load on described silica-based porous material carrier surface;
Described silica-based porous material carrier is Bio-sil carrier or ordered mesoporous silica dioxide carrier;
Heterocyclic compound in the described heterocyclic compound functional group is nitrogenous piperidines, imidazoles, triazole, triazole sodium heterocyclic compound or its esters.
The specific area of described silica-based porous material carrier is 300～1500m
2/ g, aperture 1～100nm, pore volume 0.4～2mL/g.
Described ordered mesoporous silica dioxide material support is silica-gel carrier, SBA carrier or MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve; Wherein SBA and MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve is synthetic by the preparation method of University of California at Santa Barbara and U.S. Mobil company respectively.
The preparation of adsorbent method that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) silica-based porous material carrier is joined in the toluene, add organo silane coupling agent again, stirring at normal temperature or under the solvent refluxing temperature, reacted course of reaction N 8～48 hours
2Protection; After filtration, washing obtains intermediate product after the reaction;
Described silica-based porous material carrier is Bio-sil carrier or ordered mesoporous silica dioxide carrier;
Described organo silane coupling agent is γ-r-chloropropyl trimethoxyl silane or γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane;
The ratio of described silica-based porous material carrier and organo silane coupling agent is 1g carrier/1～5mL organo silane coupling agent;
The mixed proportion of described silica-based porous material carrier and solvent toluene is the organic solvent that the silica-based porous material carrier of 1g adds 10～100ml;
(2) intermediate product with step (1) mixes with heterocyclic compound in organic solvent, reacts course of reaction N under the solvent refluxing temperature 12～72 hours
2Protection; After filtration, wash after the reaction, obtain containing the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of heterocyclic compound functional group;
Described organic solvent is the mixed solution of acetonitrile, ethanol or acetonitrile and triethylamine;
Described heterocyclic compound is nitrogenous piperidines, imidazoles, triazole, triazole sodium heterocyclic compound or its esters;
The ratio of described intermediate product and described heterocyclic compound is 1g intermediate product/0.002～0.025mol heterocyclic compound;
The ratio of described intermediate product and organic solvent adds the organic solvent of 10～100ml for the 1g intermediate product.
The specific area of described silica-based porous material carrier is 300～1500m
2/ g, aperture 1～100nm, pore volume 0.4～2mL/g.
Described ordered mesoporous silica dioxide material is silica gel, SBA or MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve.
The adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of the present invention is to be carrier with silica-based inorganic porous material, and at carrier surface load heterocyclic compound functional group, this adsorbent can be applicable to adsorb the Cr VI of removing in the chromium-containing solution by reaction kinetic.
The carrier that is used for the adsorbent of adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of the present invention mainly is silica-based porous material, as Bio-sil or ordered mesoporous silica dioxide.This class silica-base material has abundant pore structure, high specific area, and advantages such as silicon hydroxyl are rich on the surface, and particularly orderly mesoporous silicon oxide also has the mesoporous aperture of homogeneous, is easy to ion and transmits in the duct.
The silica-based porous material carrier that is used for the adsorbent of adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of the present invention, specific surface scope 300～1500m
2/ g, aperture 1～100nm, pore volume 0.4～2mL/g.In the suitable scope in aperture, specific surface is big more, and the surface hydroxyl number is many more, and the number of functional group is also many more behind the reaction kinetic, and is favourable more to the absorption of hexavalent chromium.
The organic functions group of hexavalent chromium sorbing material of the present invention is the heterocyclic compound functional group, by the functional graft reaction load on carrier.
The heterocyclic compound of described heterocyclic compound functional group is nitrogenous piperidines, imidazoles, triazole, triazole sodium heterocyclic compound or salt functional group.
The reaction kinetic that is used for the adsorbent of adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of the present invention carries out at non-aqueous media, and is swift to operate, easy, and the productive rate height; Behind the reaction kinetic, the organic functions group evenly distributes finishing ratio height on surface, porous carrier duct.
The adsorption separation process that adsorbent of the present invention is used for adsorbing the chromium-containing solution hexavalent chromium is a batch process, as: get a certain amount of adsorbent of the present invention, add a certain amount of aqueous solution that contains hexavalent chromium, the certain hour that vibrates under uniform temperature, pH value carries out adsorbing separation.
The adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of the present invention has the hexavalent chromium adsorbance height to the aqueous solution, the advantage that the rate of adsorption is fast.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
With non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene (EO
20PO
70EO
20) be the template agent, (TEOS) is the organosilicon source with ethyl orthosilicate, is solvent with water, with hydrochloric acid regulation system pH value, synthesizing ordered silicon-based mesoporous material SBA-15.
Under mechanical agitation, the organosilicon source is added in the template agent aqueous solution, stir 20h under the room temperature, then in static crystallization 24 hours; Filter, spend deionised water, after 100 ℃ of vacuum drying,, obtain the SBA-15 carrier 550 ℃ of roastings 5 hours to neutral; This carrier most probable aperture 6.5nm, specific area 873m
2/ g.
The 3g carrier was obtained containing the intermediate product of chloropropyl earlier in 10 hours in the reaction of 50mL reflux in toluene with 3mL γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane;
Again with 3g intermediate product and 5g imidazoles back flow reaction 48 hours in 60mL acetonitrile and triethylamine mixed solution, course of reaction N
2Protect, obtain the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of present embodiment.
Get the adsorbent 0.05g of present embodiment, add the waste water 100mL that contains hexavalent chromium 100ppm, pH value with hydrochloric acid conditioning solution is acid, balance is after 24 hours in shaking table, adopting the ICP-AES method to detect the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the solution of absorption front and back, is 33mg/g to chromic adsorption capacity.
Embodiment 2
At first adopt the method identical to prepare ordered mesoporous silica dioxide SBA-15 as carrier with embodiment 1;
Then the 3g carrier was obtained containing the intermediate product of chloropropyl earlier in 10 hours with 3mL γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane normal-temperature reaction in 50mL toluene;
Again with 3g intermediate product and 3g triazole sodium back flow reaction 48 hours in 60mL ethanol, course of reaction N
2Protect, obtain the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of present embodiment.
Get the adsorbent 0.05g of present embodiment, add the waste water 100mL that contains hexavalent chromium 100ppm, pH value with hydrochloric acid conditioning solution is acid, balance is after 24 hours in shaking table, adopting the ICP-AES method to detect the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the solution of absorption front and back, is 16mg/g to chromic adsorption capacity.
Embodiment 3
At first adopt the method identical to prepare ordered mesoporous silica dioxide SBA-15 as carrier with embodiment 1;
Then the 3g carrier was obtained containing the intermediate product of chloropropyl earlier in 10 hours with 3mL γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane normal-temperature reaction in 50mL toluene;
Again with 3g intermediate product and 5g triazole back flow reaction 72 hours in the 60mL acetonitrile solvent, course of reaction N
2Protect, obtain the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of present embodiment.
Get the adsorbent 0.05g of present embodiment, add the waste water 100mL that contains hexavalent chromium 100ppm, pH value with hydrochloric acid conditioning solution is acid, balance is after 24 hours in shaking table, adopting the ICP-AES method to detect the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the solution of absorption front and back, is 12mg/g to chromic adsorption capacity.
Embodiment 4
With softex kw (CTAB) is the template agent, is the organosilicon source with ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), is solvent with the second alcohol and water, with ammoniacal liquor regulation system pH value, synthesizing ordered silicon-based mesoporous material MCM-41;
Under mechanical agitation, the silicon source is added in the template agent aqueous solution, stirred 1 hour under the room temperature, 80 ℃ of static crystallization are 24 hours then.Filter, spend deionised water to neutral.540 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain the meso-porous titanium dioxide silicon carrier; This carrier most probable aperture 2.5nm, specific area 1260m
2/ g;
The 3g carrier was obtained intermediate product in 10 hours with 3mL γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane back flow reaction in the 50mL toluene solvant earlier;
Again 2g intermediate product and 0.3g imidazoles were reacted 72 hours course of reaction N in 80ml acetonitrile and triethylamine mixed solution
2Protect, obtain the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of present embodiment.
Get the adsorbent 0.05g of present embodiment, add the waste water 100mL that contains hexavalent chromium 100ppm, pH value with hydrochloric acid conditioning solution is acid, balance is after 24 hours in shaking table, adopting the ICP-AES method to detect the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the solution of absorption front and back, is 27mg/g to chromic adsorption capacity.
Embodiment 5.
At first adopt with embodiment 4 in identical method prepare ordered mesoporous silica dioxide MCM-41 as carrier;
Normal-temperature reaction in 50mL toluene obtained containing the intermediate product of chloropropyl in 10 hours with 3g carrier and 6mL γ-r-chloropropyl trimethoxyl silane then;
Again with 3g intermediate product and 3g piperidines back flow reaction 10 hours in the 60mL acetonitrile, course of reaction N
2Protect, obtain the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of present embodiment.
Get the adsorbent 0.05g of present embodiment, add the waste water 100mL that contains hexavalent chromium 100ppm, pH value with hydrochloric acid conditioning solution is acid, balance is after 24 hours in shaking table, adopting the ICP-AES method to detect the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the solution of absorption front and back, is 15mg/g to chromic adsorption capacity.
Embodiment 6.
With silica gel is adsorbing agent carrier, this carrier tool micropore, mesopore and macropore, average pore size 8.5nm, specific surface 512m
2/ g, pore volume 1.1ml/g;
1g silica gel was obtained intermediate product in 8 hours with 5mL γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane back flow reaction in the 20mL toluene solvant earlier;
Again 1g intermediate product and 1g imidazoles were reacted 72 hours course of reaction N in 100mL acetonitrile and triethylamine mixed solution
2Protect, obtain the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of present embodiment.
Get the adsorbent 0.05g of present embodiment, add the waste water 100mL that contains hexavalent chromium 100ppm, pH value with hydrochloric acid conditioning solution is acid, balance is after 24 hours in shaking table, adopting the ICP-AES method to detect the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the solution of absorption front and back, is 16mg/g to chromic adsorption capacity.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions is characterized in that, this adsorbent comprises silica-based porous material carrier and passes through the heterocyclic compound functional group of functional graft reaction load on described silica-based porous material carrier surface;
Described silica-based porous material carrier is Bio-sil carrier or ordered mesoporous silica dioxide carrier;
Heterocyclic compound in the described heterocyclic compound functional group is nitrogenous piperidines, imidazoles, triazole, triazole sodium heterocyclic compound or its esters.
2, the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the specific area of described silica-based porous material carrier is 300～1500m
2/ g, aperture 1～100nm, pore volume 0.4～2mL/g.
3, the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described ordered mesoporous silica dioxide material support is silica-gel carrier, SBA carrier or MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve; Wherein SBA and MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve is that the preparation method who finds by University of California at Santa Barbara and U.S. Mobil company respectively synthesizes.
4, the described preparation of adsorbent method that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of a kind of claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) silica-based porous material carrier is joined in the toluene, add organo silane coupling agent again, stirring at normal temperature or under the solvent refluxing temperature, reacted 8～48 hours, course of reaction is protected with N2; After filtration, washing obtains intermediate product after the reaction;
Described silica-based porous material carrier is Bio-sil carrier or ordered mesoporous silica dioxide carrier;
Described organo silane coupling agent is γ-r-chloropropyl trimethoxyl silane or γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane;
The ratio of described silica-based porous material carrier and organo silane coupling agent is 1g carrier/1～5mL organo silane coupling agent;
The mixed proportion of described silica-based porous material carrier and described organic solvent is the organic solvent that the silica-based porous material carrier of 1g adds 10～100mL;
(2) intermediate product with step (1) mixes with heterocyclic compound in organic solvent, reacts under the solvent refluxing temperature, and course of reaction is protected with N2; After filtration, wash after the reaction, obtain containing the adsorbent that is used for adsorbing hexavalent chromium ions of heterocyclic compound functional group;
Described organic solvent is the mixed solution of acetonitrile, ethanol or acetonitrile and triethylamine;
Described heterocyclic compound is nitrogenous piperidines, imidazoles, triazole, triazole sodium heterocyclic compound or its esters;
The ratio of described intermediate product and described heterocyclic compound is 1g intermediate product/0.002～0.025mol heterocyclic compound;
The ratio of described intermediate product and organic solvent adds the organic solvent of 10～100mL for the 1g intermediate product.
5, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the specific area of described silica-based porous material carrier is 300～1500m
2/ g, aperture 1～100nm, pore volume 0.4～2mL/g.
6, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described ordered mesoporous silica dioxide material is silica gel, SBA or MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve; Wherein SBA and MCM series ordered mesoporous molecular sieve is synthetic according to the preparation method of University of California at Santa Barbara and U.S. Mobil company respectively.
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