CN101083565A - Method and system for detecting network types - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting network types Download PDFInfo
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- CN101083565A CN101083565A CN 200610083039 CN200610083039A CN101083565A CN 101083565 A CN101083565 A CN 101083565A CN 200610083039 CN200610083039 CN 200610083039 CN 200610083039 A CN200610083039 A CN 200610083039A CN 101083565 A CN101083565 A CN 101083565A
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Abstract
The invention discloses network type detecting method and system. It includes the following steps: loading public network; selecting public network nodes which has two IP addresses; sending request packet to the first or second nodes by STUN protocol; replying the response packet; confirming the network type. The invention can make the user detect the network type without STUN server which can greatly reduce hardware cost, avoid single point of failure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer networking technology, relate in particular to a kind of method and system that detect network type.
Background technology
NAT (Network Address Translators, network address translation) be a kind of the IP address to be mapped to the technology in another one addressing territory from an addressing territory, its most typical application is that the private IP address of RFC1918 definition is mapped to the employed public ip address of Internet.NAT can make multiple host share I nternet connect, and this function has well solved public network IP address problem in short supply.
The mapping mode of tradition NAT mainly contains following several typical types:
(1) complete transparent NAT (Full Cone NAT)
Complete transparent NAT is mapped to identical outside ip address and port numbers to all requests from the internal host of identical inner IP address and port numbers, any one external host by packet being sent to the mapping of this internal host outside ip address and the mode of port numbers, can both send to this internal host to this packet.
(2) limited NAT (Restricted Cone NAT)
Limited NAT is mapped to identical outside ip address and port numbers to all requests from identical inner IP address and port numbers, different with complete transparent NAT type, having only when once giving the IP address before the internal host is that the external host of X was when sending packet, the IP address is that this external host of X can send to this internal host to packet, if it is that the external host of X sent packet that internal host is given the IP address, the IP address is that this external host of X can't send to packet this internal host so.
(3) port restricted NAT (Port Restricted Cone NAT)
Port restricted NAT is mapped to identical outside ip address and port numbers to all requests from identical inner IP address and port numbers.Port restricted NAT and limited NAT are similar, just many port numbers in the restriction.External host can send a source IP address and source port number is respectively (X, P) IP wraps to internal host, have only that once to give the IP address in the past when internal host be X, port numbers is the external host of P when sending packet, and this external host can send to this internal host to packet.
(4) symmetrical NAT (Symmetric NAT)
Symmetrical expression NAT is meant all is mapped to identical outside ip address and port from identical inner IP address and port numbers to the request of specific purpose IP address and port numbers.If same implicit IP address is different with purpose IP address and/or port numbers that port numbers sends, then Ying She outside ip address and/or port numbers difference.The external host of only having received packet can send it back packet to this internal host.
For the NAT type of describing in above-mentioned (1), (2) and (3), if the Intranet IP address of packet is identical with port numbers, outer net IP address and the port numbers after its mapping fixed so; NAT type of describing in above-mentioned (4) does not guarantee the consistency of binding between (private IP address, the privately owned port) and (public ip address, publicly-owned port) in all sessions.
Though NAT has solved public network IP address problem in short supply, also brought a lot of problems simultaneously.The IP address of the terminal in the NAT is a private IP address, and the terminal outer for local area network (LAN) is non-routable, in this case, even the terminal initiation session that the terminal behind the NAT can be to NAT outside also still has problems.For example, when the terminal B initiation session of the terminal A behind the NAT outside NAT, the private IP address of terminal A is included in session and initiates in the packet, after H.323 protocol terminal B receives that packet is initiated in session, can from this packet, obtain the private IP address of terminal A, terminal B sends data according to this private IP address to terminal A, and the routing device of the last information flow direction of control Internet only can be delivered to data on the equipment with public network IP address, because the IP address of terminal A is privately owned, therefore the Internet routing device will abandon this packet, this session will show and connect, but the terminal A behind the NAT will receive the packet of terminal B never.
STUN (Simple Traversal of UDP Through NATs, UDP is to the simple traversal agreement of NAT) be a kind of agreement of the UDP Media Stream penetrating NAT by IETF development, STUN is by setting up the NAT mapping item of Media Stream in advance on NAT, make UDP Media Stream passing through NAT smoothly.
Because outer net IP address and port numbers that the NAT of complete transparent NAT, limited NAT and three types of port restricted NAT shines upon under the situation identical with port numbers of Intranet IP address are fixed, therefore for above-mentioned three types NAT, can set in advance the mode in NAT by mapping relations, make Media Stream pass through above-mentioned three types NAT IP address between private network and the public network and port numbers.And for symmetrical NAT, if same implicit IP address is different with purpose IP address and/or port numbers that port numbers sends, then therefore the outside ip address of its mapping and/or port numbers difference can't make Media Stream pass through symmetrical NAT by set in advance mapping relations in NAT.Therefore STUN only supports passing through of complete transparent NAT, limited NAT and three kinds of NAT types of port restricted NAT, does not support passing through of symmetrical NAT and fire compartment wall.
The user utilizes Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to detect self network type of living in, as whether fire compartment wall being arranged, whether NAT and concrete NAT type is arranged.Utilize Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators that the detection principle and the process of self network type of living in are described to the user below:
Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators regulation STUN server has two public network IP address and two port numbers at least, for convenience of description, two IP addresses now choosing the STUN server are respectively A1 and A2 and two port numbers and are respectively P1 and P2, form four groups of IP addresses and port numbers, be respectively (A1, P1), (A2, P2), (A1, P2) and (A2, P1).
Defined following three kinds of request package in the Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, illustrated respectively below:
First kind request package: client sends first kind request package to a certain IP address and the port numbers of STUN server, and the STUN server is from this IP address and port numbers echo reply bag.For example: client is to (A1 P1) sends request package, and the response packet of STUN server is from (A1 P1) returns.
The second class request package: client sends the second class request package to a certain IP address and the port numbers of STUN server, and the STUN server is from a different set of IP address and port numbers echo reply bag.For example: client is to (A1 P1) sends request package, and the response packet of STUN server is from (A2 P2) returns.
The 3rd class request package: client sends the 3rd class request package to a certain IP address and the port numbers of STUN server, and the STUN server is from one group of address echo reply bag that the IP address is identical, port numbers is different.For example: to (A1 P1) sends request package, and the response packet of STUN server is from (A1 P2) returns.
Above-mentioned STUN server returns to outer net IP address and the port numbers that all carries client in the response packet of client.
See also Fig. 1, this figure is that client is utilized the testing process figure of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to self network type of living in the prior art, and its key step comprises:
Step S10, client to the STUN server (A1 P1) sends first kind request package, and the STUN server is from (A1, P1) echo reply bag if client can not receive the response packet of STUN server, changes step S11, if client is received the response packet of STUN server, change step S12;
Step S11, client place network are not supported the UDP Media Stream, detect and finish.
Do you after step S12, client are received the response packet of STUN server, judge the identical of the outer net IP address of carrying in the response packet and port numbers and this locality? if identical, then representing client place network is public network, change step S13, otherwise client place network is a private network, changes step S14.
Step S13, client are to (A2, P2) send the second class request package, the STUN server is from (A1, P1) echo reply bag, because it must be the destination address of the packet that once sent of the client behind the fire compartment wall that the UDP fire compartment wall of symmetry requires the source address of external packet, if therefore client can not receive the response packet of STUN server, then this client is in symmetrical UDP fire compartment wall back, be connected with public network by symmetrical UDP fire compartment wall, detect and finish; If client can be received the response packet of STUN server, then this client directly is connected with public network, is complete public network user, detects and finishes.
Step S14, client are to (A1 P1) sends the second class request package, and the STUN server is from (A2, P2) echo reply bag if client is received response packet, change step S15, if client can not receive response packet, change step S16.
The network type of step S15, client place private network is complete transparent NAT, detects and finishes.
Step S16, client are respectively to (A1 is P1) with (A2 P2) sends first kind request package, and the STUN server is respectively from (A1 is P1) with (A2, P2) echo reply bag;
Step S17, client judge whether the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in the response packet of the IP address of carrying in twice response packet and port numbers and each step of front be identical, if identical, then represent the outer net IP address and the port numbers of client mapping to fix, change step S19, otherwise, change step S18.
The network type of step S18, client place private network is symmetrical NAT, detects and finishes.
Step S19, client are to (A2 P2) sends the 3rd class request package, and the STUN server is from (A2, P1) echo reply bag if client can be received response packet, change step S20, if client can not receive response packet, change step S21.
The network type of step S20, client place private network is limited NAT, detects and finishes.
The network type of step S21, client place private network is port restricted NAT, detects and finishes.
Though adopt the such scheme client can finish detection,, therefore have the following disadvantages because client must just can be finished detection to own network type of living in by the STUN server to own network type of living in:
1, with high costs, client must could realize by the STUN server the detection of own network type of living in, and the client terminal quantity that STUN server can be supported is limited, so need a large amount of bandwidth and the equipment of input.
2, Single Point of Faliure takes place easily, the STUN server Single Point of Faliure occurs easily in case appearance will cause all network type inspections normally not move unusually.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and system that detect network type, must just can finish problem by the STUN server the detection of own network type of living in order to solve the client that exists in the prior art.
Technical solution of the present invention comprises:
A kind of method that detects network type comprises step:
The user logins public network, therefrom chooses two public network nodes with public network IP address;
The user utilizes Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send request package to the first or second public network node, and the public network node that receives request package is directly replied response packet according to the type of request package, perhaps
This request package is transmitted to another public network node, replys response packet by this public network node;
The user determines the type of self place network according to the situation that receives response packet.
The described request bag is the first kind request package of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators regulation;
The public network node that receives request package is replied response packet from IP address and the port numbers identical with the purpose IP address of request package and port numbers to client, if the user can not receive response packet, then user place network is not for supporting the network type of UDP Media Stream.
If the user receives response packet, judge then whether the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in this response packet be identical with the IP address and the port numbers of subscriber's local, if identical, then user place network type is a public network, otherwise user place network type is a private network.
When user's network type of living in is public network, send the second class request package of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators regulation to the first or second public network node, the public network node that receives request package is transmitted to another public network node with request package, reply response packet by this public network node, if the user receives response packet, then the user directly inserts public network, otherwise the user inserts public network by symmetrical UDP fire compartment wall.
When user's network type of living in is private network, send the second class request package of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators regulation to the first or second public network node, the public network node that receives request package is transmitted to another public network node with request package, reply response packet by this public network node, if the user receives response packet, then the place private network is complete transparent NAT type.
If the user can not receive response packet after sending the second class request package, then send first kind request package to the first and second public network nodes respectively, and judge whether the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in twice response packet be identical, if different, then the place private network is symmetrical NAT type.
If the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in the response packet that the user receives after the first and second public network nodes send first kind request package respectively are identical, then the user sends the 3rd class request package to the first or second public network node;
The public network node that receives request package is replied response packet from different IP address and the port numbers of identical destination slogan with the purpose IP address of request package to client, if the user receives response packet, then the place private network is limited NAT type, otherwise the place private network is a port restricted NAT type.
A kind of system that detects network type comprises:
Client is chosen two public network nodes with public network IP address from public network, utilize Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send request package to any one public network node, and determines the type of self place network according to the situation that receives response packet;
The public network node is used to receive the request package that client is sent, and directly replys response packet to client according to the type of request package, perhaps this request package is transmitted to another public network node that client is chosen, and replys response packet by this public network node to client.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Technical solution of the present invention substitutes the STUN server by choosing two public network nodes, sends request package by the user to the public network node that selects, and determines the type of self network of living in according to the situation that receives response packet.To make the user need not the STUN server can detect self network type of living in, thereby the hardware cost when having saved the user greatly and utilizing Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators that self network environment of living in is detected has been avoided the generation of Single Point of Faliure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 utilizes the testing process figure of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to self network type of living in for client in the prior art;
Fig. 2 detects the main realization principle flow chart of the method for network type for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the system architecture schematic diagram of P2P network;
Fig. 4 is the process flowchart based on a kind of preferred embodiment of the method for the invention under the P2P network condition;
Fig. 5 detects the main composition structured flowchart of the system of network type for the present invention.
Embodiment
Must just can finish problem by the STUN server for solving the client that exists in the prior art to the detection of own network type of living in, technical solution of the present invention has proposed a kind ofly to choose two public network nodes by user place client in public network, substitute the STUN server with two public network nodes that select, finish the processing mode of STUN test.
Be explained in detail to the main realization principle of technical solution of the present invention, embodiment and to the beneficial effect that should be able to reach below in conjunction with each accompanying drawing.
Please refer to Fig. 2, this figure is the main realization principle flow chart of the present invention's method of detecting network type, and its main implementation procedure is as follows:
Step S01, user login public network, therefrom choose two public network nodes with public network IP address;
Step S02, user utilize Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send request package to the first or second public network node, the public network node that receives request package is directly replied response packet according to the type of request package, perhaps this request package is transmitted to another public network node, replys response packet by this public network node;
Step S03, user determine the type of self place network according to the situation that receives response packet.
With a specific embodiment the invention described above method principle is described in more detail below based on the P2P network.
Please refer to Fig. 3, this figure is the system architecture schematic diagram of P2P network, and it mainly comprises logon server, acting server, super node and ordinary node, and the main effect of each part is as follows:
Logon server is used for the logging request of processing node, and the node that sends logging request is verified, is that node generates corresponding signature when node is logined;
Acting server is used to manage super node, handles the various requests of the super node of its management, and the information generation routing table of collecting its super node of managing, and sends it to each super node of its management;
Super node, form by some the good ordinary node upgradings in the network, must have public network IP address, directly and logon server and acting server carry out alternately, be responsible for handling the request of subordinate's ordinary node, be subordinate's ordinary node interim data, regularly the state variation situation with subordinate's ordinary node reports acting server;
Ordinary node is connected with super node, and all requests of sending and operation are handled by the super node of ownership.
Please refer to Fig. 4, this figure is the process flowchart based on a kind of preferred embodiment of the method for the invention under the P2P network condition, and its specific implementation process is as follows:
Step S30, ordinary node send logging request to logon server, logon server is verified the logging request of this ordinary node, if checking is passed through, then return the information of acting server to this this ordinary node, ordinary node signs in on the acting server of correspondence according to own ID, and the information registration super node of the super node that returns according to acting server.
Choose two super nodes that are used for substituting the STUN server in the super node information that ordinary node after step S31, the login obtains from above-mentioned steps S30, its public network IP address is respectively A1 and A2.
Step S32, described ordinary node utilize Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send the first kind request package of stipulating in the Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to any one super node that selects, the super node that receives request package is replied response packet from IP address and the port numbers identical with the purpose IP address of request package and port numbers to ordinary node according to the type of this request package, if ordinary node can not receive response packet, change step S33, if ordinary node is received response packet, change step S34.
Step S33, ordinary node place network detect and finish for not supporting the network type of UDP Media Stream.
After step S34, ordinary node are received replying of super node, do you judge that the outer net IP address of carrying in the response packet is identical with port numbers with the IP address of port numbers and this locality? if it is identical, then representing ordinary node place network is public network, change step S35, otherwise, representing ordinary node place network is private network, changes step S36.
Step S35, ordinary node sends the second class request package of stipulating in the Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to any one super node, the super node of reception request package is transmitted to described another super node that selects according to the type of this request package with this request package, reply response packet by this super node to ordinary node, because the destination address of the packet that the source address of the packet that the requirement of the UDP fire compartment wall of symmetry is external must be the user behind the fire compartment wall once to be sent, if therefore this ordinary node can not receive response packet, then this ordinary node is in symmetrical UDP fire compartment wall back, be connected with public network by symmetrical UDP fire compartment wall, if this ordinary node can be received response packet, then this ordinary node directly is connected with public network, be complete public network user, detect and finish.
Step S36, ordinary node send the second class request package of stipulating in the Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to any one super node, the super node of reception request package is transmitted to described another super node that selects according to the type of this request package with this request package, reply response packet by this super node to ordinary node, if this ordinary node is received response packet, change step S37, if this ordinary node can not receive response packet, change step S38.
The network type of step S37, ordinary node place private network is complete transparent NAT, detects and finishes.
Step S38, if ordinary node can not receive response packet after sending the second class request package, then this ordinary node sends first kind request package to described two super nodes that select respectively.
Step S39, ordinary node judge whether the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in twice response packet be identical, if it is different, then represent the outer net IP address and the port numbers of ordinary node mapping unfixing, change step S40, otherwise, represent the outer net IP address and the port numbers of ordinary node mapping to fix, change step S41.
Step S40, ordinary node place private network are symmetrical NAT type.
Any one in described two super nodes that select of step S41, ordinary node sends the 3rd class request package of stipulating in the Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators, the super node that receives request package is replied response packet from different IP address and the port numbers of identical destination slogan with the purpose IP address of request package to ordinary node, if ordinary node is received response packet, change step S42, if ordinary node is not received response packet, change step S43.
Step S42, ordinary node place private network are limited NAT type.
Step S43, ordinary node place private network are port restricted NAT type.
As fully visible, when implementing the method for the invention, the user is behind the login public network, only need to choose two public network nodes and substitute the STUN server, send request package to the public network node that selects, determine to make the type of self network of living in the user need not the STUN server and can carry out the STUN test according to the situation that receives response packet, thereby saved hardware cost, avoided the generation of Single Point of Faliure.
Method corresponding to the detection network type of the above-mentioned proposition of the present invention, the present invention goes back and then has proposed a kind of system of detection network type of correspondence here, please refer to Fig. 5, this figure is the main composition structured flowchart of the present invention system of detecting network type, mainly comprises:
Client is chosen two public network nodes with public network IP address from public network, utilize Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send request package to any one public network node, and determines the type of self place network according to the situation that receives response packet;
The public network node is used to receive the request package that client is sent, and directly replys response packet to client according to the type of request package, perhaps this request package is transmitted to another public network node that client is chosen, and replys response packet by this public network node to client.
The concrete correlation technique of other of the system of the detection network type of the above-mentioned proposition of the present invention realizes that details please refer to the specific descriptions of the correlation technique realization details in the said method of the present invention, no longer gives too much to give unnecessary details here.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method that detects network type is characterized in that, comprises step:
The user logins public network, therefrom chooses two public network nodes with public network IP address;
The user utilizes Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send request package to the first or second public network node, and the public network node that receives request package is directly replied response packet according to the type of request package, perhaps
This request package is transmitted to another public network node, replys response packet by this public network node;
The user determines the type of self place network according to the situation that receives response packet.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described request bag is the first kind request package of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators regulation;
The public network node that receives request package is replied response packet from IP address and the port numbers identical with the purpose IP address of request package and port numbers to client, if the user can not receive response packet, then user place network is not for supporting the network type of UDP Media Stream.
3, method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, if the user receives response packet, judge then whether the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in this response packet be identical with the IP address and the port numbers of subscriber's local, if it is identical, then user place network type is a public network, otherwise user place network type is a private network.
4, method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when user's network type of living in is public network, send the second class request package that Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators is stipulated to the first or second public network node, the public network node that receives request package is transmitted to another public network node with request package, replys response packet by this public network node, if the user receives response packet, then the user directly inserts public network, otherwise the user inserts public network by symmetrical UDP fire compartment wall.
5, method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when user's network type of living in is private network, send the second class request package of Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators regulation to the first or second public network node, the public network node that receives request package is transmitted to another public network node with request package, reply response packet by this public network node, if the user receives response packet, then the place private network is complete transparent NAT type.
6, method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, if can not receive response packet after the user sends the second class request package, then send first kind request package to the first and second public network nodes respectively, and judge whether the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in twice response packet be identical, if different, then the place private network is symmetrical NAT type.
7, method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, if the IP address and the port numbers of carrying in the response packet that the user receives after the first and second public network nodes send first kind request package respectively are identical, then the user sends the 3rd class request package to the first or second public network node;
The public network node that receives request package is replied response packet from different IP address and the port numbers of identical destination slogan with the purpose IP address of request package to client, if the user receives response packet, then the place private network is limited NAT type, otherwise the place private network is a port restricted NAT type.
8, a kind of system that detects network type is characterized in that, comprising:
Client is chosen two public network nodes with public network IP address from public network, utilize Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators to send request package to any one public network node, and determines the type of self place network according to the situation that receives response packet;
The public network node is used to receive the request package that client is sent, and directly replys response packet to client according to the type of request package, perhaps this request package is transmitted to another public network node that client is chosen, and replys response packet by this public network node to client.
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