CN101083421A - Multi-rated brushless D. C. motor of dual-voltage operation mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-rating rev no brush direct current motor which can changes by the need rated speed and can works on the double work power source pattern, the axis of the motor installs the locking bolt which compactly joint the outside gulley ball rolling bearing, with the air-tight joint, has installed the outside gulley ball rolling bearing and the gulley ball rolling bearing, has installed the coil support body between these two bearings, the electrical machinery main axle connects the coil support body through the spline tube, the coil support body is loaded with the silicon sheet steel unit of the composition stator ferrite core, opened the stator ferrite core scoop channel in the silicon sheet steel unit, in the stator ferrite core scoop channel installs the coil winding, thus composed the stator, the tap draws of the coil winding out and connects on the control circuit through the going beyond a line mouth. The invention can realizes rated speed transformation of no brush direct current motor and the transformation of the single power source pattern and the double power source pattern, both can satisfies the need of the high quota rotational speed, and can realizes the low rated speed to increase the torque the function.

Description

Many rated speeds brushless DC motor of dual-voltage operation mode

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of motor, relate in particular to a kind of many rated speeds brushless DC motor that can under two voltage modes, work.

Background technology

The patent No. has been CN88103213.1, denomination of invention for the patent disclosure of " a kind of multi-phase bipolar brushless DC motor " a kind of brushless DC motor, the permanent magnet that replaces the field coil winding in the multi-phase bipolar brushless DC motor makes rotor, and armature is used as stator.As independent winding, the commutation encoder is installed on the rotor rotated axle winding technique on stator, and transducer is connected near the commutation encoder and with drive circuit.Its claim is for " a kind of multi-phase bipolar brushless DC motor comprises a voltage regulator; and a plurality of phases; every have the Sensor section of being made up of commutation encoder and phototriode mutually; a magnetizing coil winding and an electronic commutator; their common a plurality of phases of isolation mutually of forming; each is all in parallel with a voltage regulator mutually, every have two phototriodes mutually, set the excitatory width that requires with respect to the encoder that commutates and reached and the corresponding sense of current of rotor direction of rotation, in the magnetizing coil winding, can flow through the bipolarity electric current thus and can start reposefully and driving to allow described brushless DC motor.”

The patent No. is CN02221238.8, the utility model name be called " two power permanent-magnet direct-current machine with printed windings " patent disclosure a kind of pair of power permanent-magnet direct-current machine with printed windings, motor shaft (1) is installed on the armature pallet II (15), three bearings (2) are with placing on the motor shaft (1), front end housing (4) is installed on the bearing (2), front end housing (4) and rear end cap (17) mutually combine, in front and rear cover, magnetic conduction iron hoop (5) is fixed on the front end housing (4), magnetic conduction iron hoop (13) is fixed on the rear end cap (17), magnet I (6) is contained on the magnetic conduction iron hoop (5), magnet II (12) is contained on the magnetic conduction iron hoop (13), armature I (7) is bonded on the armature pallet I (140), armature II (11) is bonded on the armature pallet II (15), magnetic conduction iron (8) (10) is contained on the rear end cap (17), is provided with two 180 watts and prints armature rotor in an electric machine casing, and two armatures place on the same output shaft, independent separately between the armature, two armatures are controlled with ratchet.Its claim is " 1. 1 kinds of two power permanent-magnet direct-current machine with printed windings of claims; by front and rear cover; magnetic conduction iron hoop; magnet; armature; the armature pallet, clutch and brush are formed, it is characterized in that: motor shaft (1) is installed on the armature pallet II (15), three bearings (2) are with placing on the motor shaft (1), front end housing (4) is installed on the bearing (2), front end housing (4) and rear end cap (17) mutually combine, in front and rear cover, magnetic conduction iron hoop (5) is fixed on the front end housing (4), magnetic conduction iron hoop (13) is fixed on the rear end cap (17), magnet I (6) is contained on the magnetic conduction iron hoop (5), magnet II (12) is contained on the magnetic conduction iron hoop (13), armature I (7) is bonded on the armature pallet I (14), armature II (11) is bonded on the armature pallet II (15), magnetic conduction iron hoop (8) (10) is contained on the rear end cap (17), between magnetic conduction iron hoop (8) (10), place every magnetosphere (9), clutch (16) internals (24) are connected with armature pallet II (15), clutch housing (19) is press-fitted with armature pallet I (14), and clutch (16) internals (24) are controlled with ratchet with outer cover (19).”

The patent No. has been CN91100856.X, denomination of invention for the patent disclosure of " differential variable-pole motor " a kind of brushless DC motor, the magnetic pole of differential variable-pole motor (the quite stator of motor) is equipped with bearing and connects with an eccentric disc with controller of auto-lock function, one people's buncher control of self-lock controller, make the magnetic pole rotating speed rotation on demand of change pole motor, its direction of rotation is opposite with the direction of rotation of the rotor of motor.Its claim is " a differential variable-pole motor; by magnetic pole three-phase alternating-current motor with bearing floating; have the eccentricity control mechanism of auto-lock function; low-power continuous variable transmission; and the differential synthetic constant speed train of a cover is formed; it is characterized in that with eccentric disc 5 connections by the eccentricity control mechanism with auto-lock function of the motor poles 1 (stator) of bearing floating, and be subjected to it from lock control, can not rotate the eccentric pivoted arm 8 of input component of self-locking mechanism is arbitrarily controlled by the magnetic pole 10 of low-power continuous variable transmission, the big I of the exciting curent by regulating speed changer makes infinitely variable speeds do infinitely variable speeds output, by self-locking mechanism motor magnetic pole is rotated by desired rotating speed, make motor magnetic pole and rotor produce a relative motion (differential) thus changed the actual number of pole-pairs P of motor, because the change of the number of pole-pairs P of motor is infinite variable speed, so realized the constant-power stepless speed change of motor.”

The small-sized extraordinary DC motor that a kind of and sharp DC motor characteristic that the patent No. has been CN90103697.8, denomination of invention for the patent disclosure of " double-characteristic motor specified for electric vehicle " and DC series motor characteristic have both, its key technology can be converted to and sharp formula or series excitation type according to the needs of load variations in service at any time in the design of field winding.Its claim is " method for designing of a kind of double-characteristic motor specified for electric vehicle (being called for short two special motors); be included on the existing DC motor technical foundation; to the design and the calculating of field winding, realize the main points of rating data and performance index, and the selection of specified magnetic flux point.The field winding of existing DC motor has and two kinds of sharp formula and series excitation types basically, and domestic animal of the present invention to be field winding can be converted to and sharp formula or series excitation type at any time according to the needs of load variations in service.For this reason, the design of field winding is should be equivalent according to excitatory clean number of ampere turns before and after also swashing conversion, calculates the number of turn that original shunt winding is divided into every section coil windings in the plurality of sections; Again according to armature supply to and the multiple of exciting curent when swashing, calculates above-mentioned by five equilibrium all section and uses the way of propping up that the series excitation winding should be in parallel as.”

The patent No. has been CN91106981.X, denomination of invention for the patent disclosure of " normal timing type AC-DC speed-regulating motor " a kind of timing AC-DC speed-regulating motor adopts electromagnet principle and the timing principle of switching in proper order to make.Coil windings is arranged on the magnetic pole of the stator, and rotor does not have the coil winding.Its claim be " a kind of normal timing type AC-DC speed-regulating motor; form; it is characterized in that being equipped with on the machine shaft timing device of synchronous rotation by stator, rotor, rotating shaft, shell; the timing device by conducting slip ring, timing conducting device, often touch conducting device, axle sleeve is formed; conducting slip ring and shaft room are embedded with the high-temperature resistant insulator, and the axle sleeve of timing device is sleeved on the shaft of motor.”

Above-described brushless DC motor has only a rated speed, and rated speed is low, no high-speed working condition; Rated speed is high, and its low-speed characteristic is poor, does not possess the function of low-speed big.Have double dynamical motor a plurality of rated speeds are promptly arranged, just under a kind of voltage mode, work, any promptly two voltages of work that all can not be operated under two voltage modes are worked simultaneously, can not change the rated speed of motor as required and be implemented in high voltage operation pattern under the low-voltage control.The present invention can change the rated speed of motor as required, and can work under the duplicate supply pattern, is implemented in the high voltage operation pattern under the low-voltage control.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of univoltage pattern that also can be operated in or duplexing many rated speeds brushless DC motor of doing under the voltage mode that can change rated speed as required.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

A kind of many rated speeds brushless DC motor of dual-voltage operation mode, comprising electric machine main shaft, outer zanjon ball rolling bearing is installed on the electric machine main shaft, the outside cap assembly, the inner edge cap assembly, interior zanjon ball rolling bearing, on the hub-type rotor case inwall permanent magnet is installed, be fixedly connected with stator core on the electric machine main shaft in the hub-type rotor case, stator core has groove, be wound with coil windings in the groove, coil windings is comprising the circle limit, its characteristics are: the coil windings in the groove is divided into, two-layer down, every layer line circle winding has embedded a plurality of circles limit side by side, the power switch metal-oxide-semiconductor is passed through on circle arranged side by side limit with layer, change over switch is connected to the coil windings control circuit, coil can be gone here and there, parallel operation also can be operated under the dual-supply voltage under single supply voltage.

The present invention increases to a plurality of circles limit to a circle limit of original motor, and to carry out series, parallel or connection in series-parallel combination with layer circle limit arranged side by side, or be connected under the duplicate supply work, can make the rated speed of motor have different values, realize many rated speeds conversion of brushless DC motor, can satisfy the needs of high rated speed, can realize that again low rated speed increases the function of moment of torsion, and can be implemented in the high voltage operation under the control of low voltage operating pattern.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an assembly structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an outside of the present invention lid front view;

Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is an inner edge lid front view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the right view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is permanent magnet circle body of the present invention and permanent magnet assembly front view;

Fig. 9 is the right view of Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is a coil support body front view of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the left view of Figure 10;

Figure 12 is a silicon steel sheet assembly front view of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the left view of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is a main shaft front view of the present invention;

Figure 15 is the vertical view of Figure 14;

Figure 16 is the right view of Figure 14;

Figure 17 is an ON-OFF control circuit diagrammatic sketch of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawing: 1, the split pin of lock nut; 2, hexagon slotted nut; 3, outer zanjon ball rolling bearing; 4, hub for vehicle wheel connecting hole; 5, the outside cap assembly of motor; 6, the fixing hole of the outside lid that covers of outside and permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly; 7, the external fixation hole of the lid of the outside on the permanent magnet circle body assembly and permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly; 8, the inside and outside limit lid that covers of outside is connected and fixed the hole; 9, permanent magnet; 10, permanent magnet circle body; 11, silicon steel sheet assembly; 12, the inside and outside limit lid that covers of inner edge is connected and fixed screwed hole; 13, inner edge cap assembly; 14, the internal fixation hole of the lid of the inner edge on the permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly; 15, the fixing hole of the inner edge lid that covers of inner edge and permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly; 16, coil support body and silicon steel sheet assembly location hole; 17, coil support body assembly; 18, interior zanjon ball rolling bearing; 19, electric machine main shaft; 20, line outlet; 21, connect spline; 22, stator core groove; 23, change over switch; 24, resistance; 25, coil; 26 power switch metal-oxide-semiconductors.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further described:

A kind of many rated speeds brushless DC motor of dual-voltage operation mode, as shown in Figure 1, comprising electric machine main shaft 19 (referring to Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16), line outlet 20 is arranged on the electric machine main shaft 19, connect spline 21, zanjon ball rolling bearing 18 in being equipped with on the shaft shoulder of electric machine main shaft 19, coil support body assembly 17 is (referring to Figure 10, Figure 11), outer zanjon ball rolling bearing 3, hexagon slotted nut 2, the split pin 1 of lock nut, coil support body assembly 17 is installed in interior zanjon ball rolling bearing 18, between the outer zanjon ball rolling bearing 3, compress by hexagon slotted nut 2, prevent to become flexible by the split pin 1 locking hexagon slotted nut 2 of lock nut; Inner edge cap assembly 13 (referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7) is housed on the interior zanjon ball rolling bearing 18; The outside cap assembly 5 (referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) of motor is installed on the outer zanjon ball rolling bearing 3; Silicon steel sheet assembly 11 (referring to Figure 12, Figure 13) are installed on the coil support body assembly 17, fix by alignment pin by coil support body and silicon steel sheet assembly location hole 16 between coil support body assembly 17 and the silicon steel sheet assembly 11; The inside and outside limit lid that the outside cap assembly 5 of inner edge cap assembly 13 and motor covers by the outside is connected and fixed hole 8 and inside and outside limit lid that inner edge covers and is connected and fixed screwed hole 12 and is connected by bolted; Permanent magnet circle body assemblies 10 are installed (referring to Fig. 8 in the middle of the outside cap assembly 5 of inner edge cap assembly 13 and motor, Fig. 9), the fixing hole 6 of the outside lid that covers of outside and permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly, outside lid on the permanent magnet circle body assembly is with the external fixation hole 7 of permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly and the inner edge on the permanent magnet circle body covers and the internal fixation hole 14 of permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly, the inner edge lid that inner edge covers is fastenedly connected permanent magnet circle body assembly 10 at inner edge cap assembly 13 middle with the outside cap assembly 5 of motor by bolt respectively with the fixing hole 15 of permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet assembly; Silicon steel sheet assembly 11 has stator core groove 22, the stator core groove 22 embedded coil windings that are placed with, coil windings comprises the circle limit, coil windings in the groove is divided into upper and lower two-layer, every layer line circle winding has embedded a plurality of circles limit side by side, circle arranged side by side limit with layer is connected to the ON-OFF control circuit (referring to Figure 17) of control coil winding by power switch metal-oxide-semiconductor 26, change over switch 23, realizes working under the series and parallel work of coil windings and single supply pattern and the duplicate supply pattern.

The present invention can be applicable to motor vehicles such as electric bicycle, electro-tricycle, is specially adapted to electric automobile.

The present invention is on the basis of existing brushless DC motor, according to its structure and manufacturing process, an original circle limit is divided into a plurality of circles limit, and to carry out series, parallel or connection in series-parallel mixing with the circle arranged side by side limit of layer, makes motor realize many rated speeds.

Circle arranged side by side of the present invention limit is connected by control circuit, can be operated under the single supply pattern, also can be operated in duplex and do under the electric source modes, is implemented under the low-voltage and controls high voltage operation, to improve rotating speed and to increase torque.

The present invention includes: electric machine main shaft, clamping screw, outer zanjon ball rolling bearing, coil support body assembly, interior zanjon ball rolling bearing, coil support body assembly.Clamping screw has been installed on the electric machine main shaft, clamping screw and outer zanjon ball rolling bearing fluid-tight engagement, outer zanjon ball rolling bearing and interior zanjon ball rolling bearing have been installed, at these two bearings coil support body assembly has been installed, electric machine main shaft is connected by spline housing with coil support body assembly, coil support body assembly is equipped with the silicon steel sheet assembly of forming stator core, on the silicon steel sheet assembly, have the stator core groove, coil windings is installed in the stator core groove, thereby the composition stator, the tap of coil windings is drawn and is connected on the control circuit by line outlet.The outside cap assembly of motor has been installed on the outer zanjon ball rolling bearing, on the interior zanjon ball rolling bearing inner edge cap assembly has been installed respectively.Between outside cap assembly and the inner edge cap assembly permanent magnet circle body and permanent magnet have been installed.Coil windings adopts Y-connection, and the head and the tail of each coil windings all have lead-out wire, draw by the line outlet on the electric machine main shaft, link to each other with controller and ON-OFF control circuit respectively.Coil windings is a two layer winding, and each has embedded several circles limit to each groove side by side with lower floor at the middle and upper levels, has formed empty groove; Circle arranged side by side limit with layer can parallel connection, series connection, connection in series-parallel mix and use, and also can use separately or the use of circle segment limit series and parallel on single circle limit.Each connected mode of enclosing the limit is to finish series and parallel and use through ON-OFF control circuit, the connection of contactless change over switch.

Among the present invention, the double-layer coil winding in each groove, the upper and lower can each embed four circle limits side by side, and promptly every layer has 4 circle limits, forms 4 empty grooves.

Among the present invention, the double-layer coil winding in each groove, the upper and lower can also each embed three circle limits side by side, and promptly every layer has 3 circle limits, forms 3 empty grooves.

Among the present invention, the double-layer coil winding in each groove, the upper and lower can also each embed two circle limits side by side, and promptly every layer has 2 circle limits, forms 2 empty grooves.

Among the present invention, the double-layer coil winding in each groove, each coil windings has three centre taps, and four rated speeds can be arranged.

Among the present invention, the double-layer coil winding in each groove, each coil windings has two centre taps, and three rated speeds can be arranged.

Among the present invention, the double-layer coil winding in each groove, each coil windings has a centre tap, and two rated speeds can be arranged.

Among the present invention, every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side can mark first circle limit and tail circle limit, and the tail circle limit of each phase connects into star or triangle connects, and each phase power supply is linked on the first circle limit of each phase respectively.The head and the tail of each coil windings all have lead-out wire, receive the corresponding output end of coil windings control circuit respectively, connect under the control of control circuit or control signal by contactless change over switch and finish the series and parallel use.

Among the present invention, every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side, when all series connection was used, motor was operated under the low rated speed mode, exports low rotating speed, big moment of torsion; Every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side, during all in parallel the use, motor is operated under the high rated speed mode, exports high rotating speed, low moment of torsion; Every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side takes series and parallel to mix when using, and motor is operated under the conventional rated speed mode, the moment of torsion that output is conventional.

Among the present invention, every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side can be operated in that the single coil winding independently uses and coil sections winding series and parallel uses, to reach different rated speed and corresponding output torques.

Coil of the present invention can be operated under the single supply pattern, also can be operated in duplex and do under the electric source modes, when being operated in duplex and making electric source modes, is implemented under the low-voltage and controls high voltage operation, realizes the function of high-power, high rotating speed, high pulling torque.

The present invention is under the structure and manufacturing process of existing brushless DC motor, a circle limit is divided into a plurality of circles limit, and series and parallel is carried out on the circle arranged side by side limit of same layer, and can be operated under the duplicate supply mode of operation, realizes many rated speeds.

Among the present invention, every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side, take series and parallel to mix when using, motor is operated under the conventional rated speed mode, and its output speed, power output and output torque are labeled as conventional rated speed, conventional rated power and conventional nominal torque.

Among the present invention, every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side, when all series connection was used, motor was operated under the low rated speed mode, exported low rotating speed, exported big moment of torsion, and operating current is little, power is little.When being used for electric automobile, make the low rate start of electric automobile and grade climbing performance good.

Among the present invention, every layer of circle limit that embeds side by side, during all in parallel the use, motor is operated under the high rated speed mode, exports high rotating speed, the low moment of torsion of output, and big electric current is high-power.

Among the present invention,, motor is being operated near under the permanent power operating mode under the different rated speeds when the high-quality enamelled wire of selecting low resistance for use.

Among the present invention, the control of coil windings series and parallel is to realize under the control of ON-OFF control circuit.What the contactless change over switch in the ON-OFF control circuit was selected for use is powerful power switch metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the control circuit of power switch metal-oxide-semiconductor can be control automatically, also can be manually operated.When having adopted automatic control mode, can make machine operation all is under the operating mode of the best in efficient and effect.

Design principle of the present invention is as follows:

Existing brushless DC motor has only a rated speed, and rated speed is low, no high-speed working condition; Rated speed is high, and its low-speed characteristic is poor, does not possess the function of low-speed big.Have double dynamical motor a plurality of rated speeds are promptly arranged, just under a kind of voltage mode, work, any promptly two voltages of work that all can not be operated under two voltage modes are worked simultaneously, can not change the rated speed of motor as required and be implemented in high voltage operation pattern under the low-voltage control.The present invention is under the structure and manufacturing process of existing brushless DC motor, a circle limit is divided into a plurality of circles limit, and to carry out the series and parallel combination with the circle arranged side by side limit of layer, and can under the duplicate supply pattern, work, be implemented in the high voltage operation pattern under the low-voltage control, realize many rated speeds, realize that low speed increases the function of turning round.

Existing brushless DC motor, coil windings on its stator core is a two layer winding, and a coil windings has two circle limits, and is in respectively under the different pole-faces, be placed in the groove of stator core, one in the position, upper strata of groove, and another has upper and lower two circle limits in the lower floor position of groove on each groove, there is N circle line on each circle limit, every circle has the F strand, thus each total NF strand in circle limit, total 2NF strand in each groove; The resistance value of each coil windings is R (this routine N=5, F=12, R=0.15 Ω).

If each parameter of existing brushless DC motor is respectively: coil windings is counted S, real groove is counted effective length L, the magnetic induction density B of permanent magnet, rotor linear velocity v, pivot radius r, the angular velocity omega of rotor, motor speed (r/min) n of Z, every circle number of share of stock F, number of turn N, resistance value R, torque T, induced electromotive force E, coil windings, the coil windings of each layer is represented with X respectively on the stator core, like this, three-phase is respectively A, B, C.

E＝vBLZ， $\mathrm{\ω}=\frac{2\mathrm{\π}}{60}n,$ v＝ωr，E＝ωrBLZ

T=rBLIZ, wherein I is the electric current of coil windings.

The balance of voltage equation of motor is:

U-ΔU＝E+IR

U-ΔU＝ωrBLZ+IR $\stackrel{.}{..}\mathrm{\ω}=\frac{U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-\mathrm{IR}}{\mathrm{rBLZ}},$ $\frac{2\mathrm{\π}}{60}n=\frac{U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-\mathrm{IR}}{\mathrm{rBLZ}}$

$\stackrel{.}{..}n=\frac{60(U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-\mathrm{IR})}{2\mathrm{\πrBLZ}}$

Wherein Δ U is the voltage drop of switch etc.

The parameter of the brushless DC motor of rated speed more than 1

Many rated speeds brushless DC motor of this programme (to be called for short multiple-speed motor) is that upper strata, the lower floor at each groove embeds C circle limit respectively side by side, in season during C=4, this situation is exactly 4 empty grooves, promptly getting circle limit, upper strata, to enclose the limit with a lower floor be an empty groove, like this, empty groove is counted Ze, real groove is counted Z and enclosed the pass of counting between the C on the limit side by side and is:

Ze＝CZ

The coil windings of motor is counted S and is just equaled empty groove and count Ze, promptly

S＝Ze

If each coil windings has Ne circle line, every circle has the Fe strand, and the total conductor of armature is counted N and is

N＝2CNeZ＝2NeZe

If each parameter of multiple-speed motor is respectively Sen, Zen, Fen,, Nen, Cn, Ren, Tn, En, Ln, B, vn, r, ω n, nn.

The coil windings of each layer is that X1, X2, X3, X4 represent with Xn respectively on the stator core, and like this, it is A1, A2, A3, A4 that A then is expressed as An mutually; In like manner can get the expression of B phase, C phase.

The number of share of stock of X1 is that F1 (F1=5), resistance are $R1=\frac{F}{F1}R$ (R1 ≈ 0.36 Ω), the number of turn are N1 (N1=5).

The number of share of stock of X2 is that F2 (F2=3), resistance are $R2=\frac{F}{F2}R$ (R2 ≈ 0.6 Ω), the number of turn are N2 (N2=5).

The number of share of stock of X3 is that F3 (F3=5), resistance are $R3=\frac{F}{F3}R$ (R3 ≈ 0.11 Ω), the number of turn are N3 (N3=1.5).

The number of share of stock of X4 is that F4 (F4=3), resistance are $R4=\frac{F}{F4}R$ (R4 ≈ 0.6 Ω), the number of turn are N4 (N4=5).

The performance analysis of 2 low voltage operating patterns

Under storage battery single supply mode of operation, voltage is the DC power supply of 60V.

It is A1, A2, A3 that four coils of each stator winding of multiple-speed motor (is example mutually with A) are labeled as 1,2,3,4 respectively, A4, and B phase, C are identical.Like this, the head end of A1, B1, C1 is terminals,, when adopting star connection, the tail end of A4, B4, C4 is that common ends is connected together.

2.1 the conventional rated condition analysis of low-voltage

As coil windings X2, the X4 parallel connection is omitted X3 and is disregarded, and with the X1 windings in series, multiple-speed motor is operated under the conventional rated speed again, and each parameter of establishing multiple-speed motor is respectively Se2, Ze2, and Fe2, Ne2, C2=2, then:

$\mathrm{Re}2=\frac{F}{F1}R+\frac{F}{F2+F4}R.$ Then: Re2 ≈ 0.66 Ω.

T2=rBL _E2I _E2Z _E2=2rBLZI _E2, when I ≈ Ie2, make T2=T

$n_{e2}=\frac{60(U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-I_{e2}{R}_{e2})}{2\mathrm{\πrB}{L}_{e2}{Z}_{e2}}=\frac{1}{2}\·\frac{60(U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-I_{e2}{R}_{e2})}{2\mathrm{\πrBLZ}}$

Make n _E2=n

When I=Ie2, R ≈ Re2, the rotating speed of this kind state is conventional rotation speed n, the torque of this kind state is conventional torque T.

2.2 low-voltage low rotation speed large torque performance analysis

When each coil windings series connection of X, multiple-speed motor is operated under the low rated speed, and each parameter of establishing multiple-speed motor is respectively Se3, Ze3, and Fe3, Ne3, C3=4, then:

$\mathrm{Re}3=\frac{F}{F1}R+\frac{F}{F2}R+\frac{F}{F3}R+\frac{F}{F4}R,$ R is the series resistance of 4 coils,

Then: Re3 ≈ 1.67 Ω

E3＝v3BL3Z3＝3v3BLZ，

v3＝ω3r

E3＝ω3rBL3Z3＝3ω3rBL3Z，

T3=rBL _E3I _E3Z _E3=3rBLZI _E3, when I ≈ Ie3, then have $T3\≈\frac{3}{2}T$

$n_{e3}=\frac{60(U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-I_{e3}{R}_{e3})}{2\mathrm{\πrB}{L}_{e3}{Z}_{e3}}=\frac{1}{3}\·\frac{60(U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-I_{e3}{R}_{e3})}{2\mathrm{\πrBLZ}}$

When I=Ie3, R ≈ Re3, then have $n_{e3}\≈\frac{2}{3}n$

Then the rotating speed of this kind state is about conventional rotating speed

The torque of this kind state is about conventional torque

Doubly.

2.3 the high rotating speed performance analysis of low-voltage

X1 in each coil windings of X, X2, the X4 parallel connection is omitted X3 and is disregarded, and multiple-speed motor is operated under the high rated speed, and each parameter of establishing multiple-speed motor is respectively Se1, Ze1, Fe1, Ne1, C1=1, and order:

R is the parallel resistance of 3 coils, then R ≈ 0.16 Ω.

E1＝vBLZ，v＝ωr，E1＝ωrBLZ，

T1＝rBLIZ， $T1=\frac{1}{2}T$

$n_1=\frac{60(U-\mathrm{\ΔU}-\mathrm{IR})}{2\mathrm{\πrBLZ}}$ n ₁＝2n

The rotating speed of this kind state is about 2 times of conventional rotating speed; The torque of this kind state is about half of conventional torque.

The performance analysis of 3 dual-voltage operation modes

Storage battery and outside increase under the high duplicate supply mode of operation of power supply U, add high power supply voltage and be approximately 3 times of battery tension U.Be the high ≈ 3U of U.When the capacity of storage battery drops to 20%, during work charge in batteries, rest working conditions then is battery discharging.

The working method of duplicate supply mode of operation is divided three kinds:

3.1 the high rated speed performance analysis of two voltages

X1 in each coil windings of X, X2, X4 and being connected to add on the high power supply, and X3 receives on the storage battery.

n _{The e1 height}≈ 3n _E1≈ 6n;

Then the rotating speed of this kind state is about conventional 6 times of changeing, and when electric current was constant, the torque of output was constant, and therefore, the torque of this kind state is about half of conventional torque.

3.2 two voltage high pulling torque performance analysis

1), when the series connection of each coil windings of X, order is X1, X2, X3, X4, the coil of series connection receive on the high-voltage power supply that adds; Storage battery is received X3, on the series coil of X4.

Then

When I=Ie3, R ≈ Re3, n is then arranged _{The e3 height}≈ 3n _E3≈ 2n; T _{3 height}=T3 ≈ 4.5T

Then the rotating speed of this kind state is about 2 times of conventional rotating speed, and when electric current was constant, coil windings had increased by 3 times of speed, and therefore, torque is about 4.5 times of conventional torque.

At this moment, work as n _{The e3 height}During＜n, then electric current increases, and the discharging current of storage battery still is lower than rated current.When electric current increased 2 times, then torque increased 2 times, and then torque is 9 times of conventional torque.This has just realized that low speed increases the effect of turning round.

2), as coil windings X2, the X4 parallel connection is received outer increasing on the power supply with the X1 windings in series again, X3 receives on the storage battery.

Promptly

When I ≈ Ie2, R ≈ Re2, promptly have

T2 height=T2=T

Then the rotating speed of this kind state is about 3 times of conventional rotating speeds, and when electric current was constant, torque was about conventional torque.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of many rated speeds of dual-voltage operation mode brushless DC motor, comprising electric machine main shaft (19), the split pin (1) of zanjon ball rolling bearing (18), coil support body assembly (17), outer zanjon ball rolling bearing (3), hexagon slotted nut (2), lock nut in being equipped with on the shaft shoulder of electric machine main shaft (19), coil support body assembly (17) is installed between interior zanjon ball rolling bearing (18), the outer zanjon ball rolling bearing (3), compresses by hexagon slotted nut (2); Inner edge cap assembly (13) is housed on the interior zanjon ball rolling bearing (18); Outer zanjon ball rolling bearing (3) is gone up the outside cap assembly (5) that motor is installed; Coil support body assembly (17) is gone up silicon steel sheet assembly (11) is installed; Inner edge cap assembly (13) and the middle permanent magnet circle body assembly (10) of installing of the outside cap assembly (5) of motor, silicon steel sheet assembly (11) has stator core groove (22), the embedded coil windings that is placed with of stator core groove (22), the interim circle limit that comprises, it is characterized in that: the coil windings in the groove is divided into, two-layer down, every layer line circle winding has embedded a plurality of circles limit side by side, power switch metal-oxide-semiconductor (26) is passed through on circle arranged side by side limit with layer, change over switch (23) is connected to the ON-OFF control circuit of control coil winding, realizes the string of coil windings, work under parallel operation and single supply pattern and the duplicate supply pattern.

2, many rated speeds of dual-voltage operation mode according to claim 1 brushless DC motor is characterized in that: the every layer line circle winding in the described groove has embedded two side by side, three or more encloses the limit.

3, many rated speeds of dual-voltage operation mode according to claim 1 brushless DC motor is characterized in that: coil windings can series and parallel work and is worked under single supply pattern and duplicate supply pattern.

4, many rated speeds of dual-voltage operation mode according to claim 1 brushless DC motor is characterized in that: the variation of the number of turns of coil windings, the conversion of dual-voltage operation mode are by control circuit, realize the electronics contactless commutation.

5, many rated speeds of dual-voltage operation mode according to claim 1 brushless DC motor is characterized in that: the variation of the number of turns of coil windings, the conversion of dual-voltage operation mode are to finish by relay.

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