CN101081313B - Bionics artificial muscle material based on electro spinning superfine fibre and method for making same - Google Patents
Bionics artificial muscle material based on electro spinning superfine fibre and method for making same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101081313B CN101081313B CN2007100244881A CN200710024488A CN101081313B CN 101081313 B CN101081313 B CN 101081313B CN 2007100244881 A CN2007100244881 A CN 2007100244881A CN 200710024488 A CN200710024488 A CN 200710024488A CN 101081313 B CN101081313 B CN 101081313B
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Abstract
The present invention is process of preparing bionic artificial muscle material based on superfine electrically spun fiber and capable of being used in sensor, executor robot and other fields. The bionic artificial muscle material is film comprising oriented superfine fiber of 20 nm-10 micron diameter. It is prepared through an electrical spinning process including the following steps: 1. formingsolution or melt of polymer material for the artificial muscle; 2. electrically spinning to form oriented superfine fiber film; and 3. treating the superfine fiber film for raised stretching function. The bionic artificial muscle material has high response speed, high energy converting efficiency and other advantages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial thews material, its preparation and application thereof, the function responsive materials that particularly will have change in volume is prepared as the orientation super-fine fiber material with Telescopic.
Background technology
Natural muscle can directly be converted to mechanical energy efficiently with the chemical energy isothermal, its high efficiency, noiseless, pollution-free, volume is little, the distributed direct driving of flexible structure and special characteristics such as servo performance are very noticeable, thereby become the object that people dream of to copy.For this reason, people have developed and have had the functional high molecule material-artificial-muscle high-molecular material A MP (artificial musclepolymer) that is similar to the above-mentioned characteristic of natural muscle.
The artificial-muscle macromolecular material mainly is divided into chemical machinery type and electrochemical machinery type artificial-muscle macromolecular material.These artificial-muscle macromolecular materials have flexible structure, and can shrink with the variation of external environments such as pH value, temperature, electric field or extend, aspects such as its contractility, expansion and contraction, response time have all obtained tremendous development, have obtained many application in fields such as executor, robot, pick offs at present.
Yet, based on the development of the artificial-muscle of macromolecular material also exist a lot of problems such as response speed slow, have hysteresis effect, intensity is on the low side, contractility is less than normal etc.Artificial-muscle based on macromolecular material mainly is applied with the form of the unordered blended macromolecule material film of thickness between tens of microns are to several millimeters at present.When artificial-muscle macromolecule material film directly or under the situation at added electric field when contact ions, micromolecule, thereby micromolecule or ion are by diffusion turnover macromolecule material film and cause macromolecular material that corresponding conformation change takes place causing deformation.Because the relative ion of size of artificial-muscle macromolecule material film or micromolecular diffusion are too big and need conformation change consuming time, so response speed is slower, has the response lag effect; On the other hand, because the unordered mixing of macromolecular material in the thin film, its deformation direction is inconsistent to cause the deformation energy of considerable part wherein owing to pining down mutually or offsetting between the macromolecular material of different directions deformation consumes (as shown in Figure 1a), cause this class artificial-muscle macromolecular material efficient to reduce, contractility reduces; At last, ion, micromolecular diffusion for convenience, the artificial-muscle macromolecule membrane usually is a microcellular structure, and storeroom there is no very strong interaction on the microcosmic level, so this class artificial-muscle macromolecule material film mechanical strength is on the low side usually.
Yet along with the continuous progress of civilization of human society and improving constantly of human life quality, people also improve constantly all kinds of driving element performance demands.For this reason, improvement and exploitation with artificial-muscle macromolecular material performance of numerous premium properties are subjected to showing great attention to of whole world scientist and engineers and technicians with the research of satisfying people's demand, are up to the present lamentedly, make progress still very slow.
In fact, aspect exploitation high performance polymer artificial-muscle, in the research and development aircraft, can learn to birds as us, can be the same in the research and development battery to electric eel study, given us good learning paradigm naturally.It not only adapts to nature but also degree near perfect biological evolution through 1 years, and its some marvellous functions are considerably beyond the previous design of mankind itself and become the answer that solves the problem job problem.Natural natural muscle promptly is a wherein good example.Natural muscle is to realize its distortion function by the about 1 micron cylindrical sarcostyle of diameter as the elementary cell ordered arrangement.Sarcostyle is rearranged by two groups of fiber myofilament-thick myofilaments of the different hundreds of nanometers of thickness and the thin myofilament mode with height rule.Compartment and the actin on the thin myofilament that thin myofilament inserts thick myofilament can form complex with the myosin on the thick myofilament.The sarcostyle telescopic process can explain with so-called gliding model, promptly shrinks or during stretching, extension when sarcostyle, and thin myofilament stretches into or deviates from thick myofilament gap (as shown in Figure 2).
The proteinic conformation of such telescopic process does not change, but realizes stretching motion by the superposition of the relative displacement between two or more different types of protein materials.Therefore, be diverse based on the stretching mechanism of the artificial-muscle of macromolecular material and the stretching mechanism of natural muscle.The mechanism of being out of shape by the relative slip between superfine fibre in the natural muscle is not owing to need conformation change and fiber tiny so guaranteed that the natural muscle response speed is fast; Superfine fibre such as thick myofilament and thin myofilament is owing to exist that thereby the large-area weak interaction of hydrogen bond etc. that comprises has improved the relative intensity of muscle between fiber; Muscle contraction direction unanimity (shown in Fig. 1 b) so efficient height, contractility are bigger.
Owing to the preparation and the package technique slower development of superfine fibre, people are difficult to design the artificial-muscle based on superfine fibre for many years.Yet a kind of in recent years technology that can prepare superfine fibre is the extensive concern that electrospinning has caused people.Electrospinning can make things convenient for, prepare at an easy rate the superfine fibre based on macromolecular material or inorganic material by high voltage electric field to the stretching action of viscous fluid, and can control inner orientation of macromolecular material of electric-woven super-fine fiber and aligning of superfine fibre easily by electric field, magnetic field and stretching action people.Electric-woven super-fine fiber is used widely in fields such as organizational project, composite, catalysis, sensings at present.With electric-woven super-fine fiber with by diffusions such as ion, molecules and the macromolecular material of deformation combines, the controlled step that can shorten this class artificial-muscle macromolecular material response speed greatly is micromolecule or the diffusion distance of ion in macromolecular material, thereby improves the response speed of corresponding artificial thews material and reduce hysteresis effect; And on the other hand, the orientations electric-woven super-fine fiber that obtains by orientation control be applied to that artificial thews material can effectively reduce since the macromolecular material lack of alignment caused pin down the energy expenditure that produces mutually, and so raise the efficiency and contractility; And the size suitable with extracellular machine matter that superfine fibre had also makes such artificial-muscle macromolecular material can escape the immune identification of organism, thereby have excellent biological compatibility, thereby make the associated actuator part have the potential of using in vivo; Owing to the nanotube/bar material that can mix and have strong interaction between high strength and superfine fibre and do not participate in deformation in this type of electric-woven super-fine fiber, not only intensity improves resulting corresponding artificial thews material but also deformation mechanism may be similar to natural muscle in addition.For this reason, the present invention proposes based on the bionics artificial thews of electric-woven super-fine fiber and is applied to comprise fields such as pick off, executor, robot.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly based on electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material and preparation method thereof, this bionics artificial thews material can effectively improve performances such as the response speed, energy conversion efficiency of existing artificial thews material.
Technical scheme: of the present inventionly it is characterized in that based on the electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material bionics artificial thews material is made up of between the orientations superfine fibre thin film with Telescopic of 10 microns～20 nanometers diameter dimension.The orientation superfine fibre thin film of forming bionics artificial thews material prepares by electrospinning.
Preparation method based on the electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material of the present invention comprises the steps:
I) artificial-muscle macromolecular material or raw material are converted to macromolecular solution or the fused solution of viscosity between 1-40P,
II) with step I) in solution or fused solution be prepared as orientation superfine fibre thin film by electrospinning,
III) to Step II) in superfine fibre handle and make it in working media, keep having Telescopic under the solid-state situation.The processing method of different materials is different.Need high-temperature cross-linking, alkali liquor hydrolysis as polyacrylonitrile; Polypyrrole then only need soak in certain saline solution promptly can.
The conduct of electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material has sensing, the execution materials with function is used.
Beneficial effect: the artificial-muscle based on macromolecular material mainly is applied with the form of the unordered blended macromolecule material film of thickness between tens of microns are to several millimeters at present.When artificial-muscle macromolecule material film directly or under the situation at added electric field when contact ions, micromolecule, thereby micromolecule or ion are by diffusion turnover macromolecule material film and cause macromolecular material that corresponding conformation change takes place causing deformation.Because the relative ion of size of artificial-muscle macromolecule material film or micromolecular diffusion are too big and need conformation change consuming time, so response speed is slower, has the response lag effect; On the other hand, because the unordered mixing of macromolecular material in the thin film, its deformation direction is inconsistent to cause the deformation energy of considerable part wherein owing to pining down mutually or offsetting between the macromolecular material of different directions deformation consumes, cause this class artificial-muscle macromolecular material efficient to reduce, contractility reduces.
For this reason, the present invention imitates many advantage designs of natural muscle, with electric-woven super-fine fiber with by diffusions such as ion, molecules and the macromolecular material of deformation combines, the controlled step that can shorten this class artificial-muscle macromolecular material response speed greatly is micromolecule or the diffusion distance of ion in macromolecular material, thereby improves the response speed of corresponding artificial thews material and reduce hysteresis effect; And on the other hand, the orientations electric-woven super-fine fiber that obtains by orientation control be applied to that artificial thews material can effectively reduce since the macromolecular material lack of alignment caused pin down the energy expenditure that produces mutually, and so raise the efficiency and contractility.
The macromolecular material that therefore will have the response telescopicing performance is prepared as orientation superfine fibre artificial thews material can effectively be improved the performance of artificial thews material in the fields such as existing sensing, executor, robot and expand its range of application.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is when muscle direction of extension inconsistent (a) and consistent (b), the active force analysis of the muscle of (direction is c).
Fig. 2 is that natural muscle thick myofilament, the relative gliding model of thin myofilament: a shrink, b restores, c stretches.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The mean molecule quantity of preparation 20% is 80,000 polyacrylonitrile N, dinethylformamide solution.Be prepared as the polyacrylonitrile superfine fibre that is of a size of hundreds of nanometers by electrospinning then.This superfine fibre was handled 30 minutes for 90 degrees centigrade in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1mol/l at 220 celsius temperatures after crosslinked 1 hour, and in the end clean, drying can obtain the soda acid response type artificial thews material that is made of cross linked polyacrylate.This material shrinks under acid condition, stretches under alkali condition.
Embodiment 2:
The mean molecule quantity of preparation 20% is 80,000 polyacrylonitrile N, dinethylformamide solution.Being spaced apart gathering-device that parallel iron wire array that 2 millimeters side links to each other constituted by employing then carries out electrospinning and is prepared as the polyacrylonitrile superfine fibre that orientations is of a size of hundreds of nanometers.This superfine fibre is at 220 celsius temperatures after crosslinked 1 hour, in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1mol/l, handled 30 minutes for 90 degrees centigrade, and in the end clean, soda acid response type artificial thews material that cross linked polyacrylate superfine fibre that drying can obtain orientations constitutes.This material can shrink or stretch by the control acid-base condition.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation mass concentration is that 20% mean molecule quantity is that 80,000 polyacrylonitrile and mass concentration are the N of 1% CNT, dinethylformamide solution.Be prepared as the polyacrylonitrile superfine fibre that orientations is of a size of hundreds of nanometers by electrospinning then.This superfine fibre is at 220 celsius temperatures after crosslinked 1 hour, in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1mol/l, handled 30 minutes for 90 degrees centigrade, and in the end clean, soda acid response type artificial thews material that the cross linked polyacrylate superfine fibre of interior carbon nanotubes that drying can obtain the improved strength orientations constitutes.
Embodiment 4:
0.15mol DBSA be dissolved in 400 ml distilled waters 0.3mol is added in the back under vigorous stirring heavily steaming pyrrole monomer.Slowly add in the above-mentioned solution behind the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 50 milliliters of 0.9mol/l 0 degree centigrade of reaction 8 hours.In above-mentioned aqueous solution, add in a large amount of methanol, can obtain the Soluble Polypyrrole precipitation.This polypyrrole process filtration and water, methanol, acetone clean for several times, and the final vacuum drying promptly obtains Soluble Polypyrrole.It is 35% chloroformic solution and by electrospinning preparation orientation polypyrrole superfine fibre that this Soluble Polypyrrole is mixed with the mass concentration that contains 10% dodecyl sodium sulfonate.Can obtain electrochemical response type artificial thews material behind gold evaporation of this orientation polypyrrole superfine fibre.
Embodiment 5:
The preparation mass concentration is the N of 20% Kynoar, dinethylformamide solution, and be prepared as the orientation superfine fibre by electrospinning.This superfine fibre takes out after soaking about 8 hours under 0 degree centigrade in mass concentration is 5% pyrroles's aqueous solution of 10% dodecyl sodium sulfate.Steam the golden electrochemical response type artificial thews material that can obtain in 5% sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate aqueous solution, to have electric telescopicing performance through cleaning, dry back in one side.
Claims (3)
1. preparation method based on the electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material is characterized in that bionics artificial thews material is made up of between the orientations superfine fibre with Telescopic of 10 microns～20 nanometers diameter dimension; The orientations superfine fibre of forming bionics artificial thews material is by the preparation of electrospinning method;
The preparation method of described electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material comprises the steps:
The preparation mass concentration is that 20% mean molecule quantity is that 80,000 polyacrylonitrile and mass concentration are the N of 1% CNT, dinethylformamide solution, be prepared as the polyacrylonitrile superfine fibre that orientations is of a size of hundreds of nanometers by electrospinning then, this superfine fibre is at 220 celsius temperatures after crosslinked 1 hour, in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1mol/l, handled 30 minutes for 90 degrees centigrade, and in the end clean, the soda acid response type artificial thews material that the dry cross linked polyacrylate superfine fibre that can obtain the interior carbon nanotubes of improved strength orientations constitutes.
2. preparation method based on the electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material is characterized in that bionics artificial thews material is made up of between the orientations superfine fibre with Telescopic of 10 microns～20 nanometers diameter dimension; The orientations superfine fibre of forming bionics artificial thews material is by the preparation of electrospinning method; The preparation method of described electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material comprises the steps:
It is 35% chloroformic solution and by electrospinning preparation orientation polypyrrole superfine fibre that Soluble Polypyrrole is mixed with the mass concentration that contains 10% dodecyl sodium sulfonate; Can obtain electrochemical response type artificial thews material behind gold evaporation of this orientation polypyrrole superfine fibre; The preparation method of described Soluble Polypyrrole is: the heavily steaming pyrrole monomer that the DBSA of 0.15mol is dissolved in back interpolation 0.3mol under vigorous stirring in 400 ml distilled waters; Slowly add in the above-mentioned solution behind the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 50 milliliters of 0.9mol/l 0 degree centigrade of reaction 8 hours; In above-mentioned aqueous solution, add a large amount of methanol, can obtain the Soluble Polypyrrole precipitation.
3. preparation method based on the electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material is characterized in that bionics artificial thews material is made up of between the orientations superfine fibre with Telescopic of 10 microns～20 nanometers diameter dimension; The orientations superfine fibre of forming bionics artificial thews material is by the preparation of electrospinning method; The preparation method of described electric-woven super-fine fiber bionics artificial thews material comprises the steps:
The preparation mass concentration is the N of 20% Kynoar, dinethylformamide solution, and be prepared as the orientation superfine fibre by electrospinning; This superfine fibre takes out after soaking about 8 hours under 0 degree centigrade in mass concentration is 5% pyrroles's aqueous solution of 10% dodecyl sodium sulfate; Steam the golden electrochemical response type artificial thews material that can obtain in 5% sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate aqueous solution, to have electric telescopicing performance through cleaning, dry back in one side.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10279540B2 (en) | 2014-02-20 | 2019-05-07 | Okinawa Institute Of Science And Technology Schoo | Controllable and reversible pH-responsive rollable 2D nano structures |
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| CN103088630A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Preparation method of nanometer fiber film for wound healing promotion |
| CN107151646B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2021-07-09 | 西安交通大学 | Active biological battery construction method based on generating cells |
| CN111978564A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-24 | 北京工业大学 | Carbon nanotube fiber-ionic gel artificial muscle preparation mold and preparation method |
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| US4043331A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1977-08-23 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Fibrillar product of electrostatically spun organic material |
| CN1587451A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2005-03-02 | 东华大学 | Stimulating responsiveness porous hollow gel fiber and its producing method |
| CN1594404A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2005-03-16 | 天津工业大学 | Method for making temperature-sensitive polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fibre intelligent film and products thereby |
| CN1951987A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-04-25 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing low dielectric constant high polymer nanometer fiber membrane using electric spinning method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4043331A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1977-08-23 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Fibrillar product of electrostatically spun organic material |
| CN1594404A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2005-03-16 | 天津工业大学 | Method for making temperature-sensitive polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fibre intelligent film and products thereby |
| CN1587451A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2005-03-02 | 东华大学 | Stimulating responsiveness porous hollow gel fiber and its producing method |
| CN1951987A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-04-25 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing low dielectric constant high polymer nanometer fiber membrane using electric spinning method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10279540B2 (en) | 2014-02-20 | 2019-05-07 | Okinawa Institute Of Science And Technology Schoo | Controllable and reversible pH-responsive rollable 2D nano structures |
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