CN101080548B - 井系统及密封钻孔中的空隙的方法 - Google Patents

井系统及密封钻孔中的空隙的方法 Download PDF

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CN101080548B
CN101080548B CN2005800432358A CN200580043235A CN101080548B CN 101080548 B CN101080548 B CN 101080548B CN 2005800432358 A CN2005800432358 A CN 2005800432358A CN 200580043235 A CN200580043235 A CN 200580043235A CN 101080548 B CN101080548 B CN 101080548B
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CN101080548A (zh
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R·弗里耶
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
    • E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/127—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于密封未完全填充有浇注材料(10)的空区(12)的方法，其中，将可膨胀材料(6)放入待填充浇注材料的空区(12)内，当该可膨胀材料(6)在浇注材料(10)固化后膨胀时，该可膨胀材料(6)便膨胀到未填充有浇注材料(10)的空腔(16)内。

Description

井系统及密封钻孔中的空隙的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于密封未完全填充有浇注材料的空区的方法。更具体说，该方法包括将可膨胀材料放置于待填充浇注材料的空区内，该可膨胀材料在浇注材料固化后膨胀时，该可膨胀材料会膨胀到未填充有浇注材料的空腔内。如石油回收中众所周知的，该方法特别适用于密封绕着浇注壳体的环状空间中的空隙(opening)。本发明还包括一种用于实现本发明的装置。 
背景技术
当将水泥灌入钻孔内的、介于壳体与地层壁之间的环形空间时，特别是涉及大致水平的井时，可能很难或不可能实现利用浇注材料完全填充该环形空间。 
产生这种状况的原因基本上是由于难以将存在于壳体下侧的流体完全排出。该流体可包括钻井液。 
在浇注材料固化期间流体存在于所述环形空间内，特别是流体会存在于环形空间下部，这样可形成沿着钻孔的通道，并且该通道可延伸很远从而连接钻孔的不同区域。 
显然，这种类型的通道是不合需要的，因为在该通道内可能发生无法控制的流体流动。例如，来自一个区域的地层水可能会流入附近的产油区。 
公知的是利用可膨胀材料来封闭环形空间。因此，专利号为312478的挪威专利公开了一种由可膨胀材料制成的封隔器。该封隔器被放置于所需的位置后，构成封隔器的材料会吸收流体，进而膨胀，直至将环形空间密封。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于弥补或减少现有技术中的至少一个缺点。 
根据本发明，利用在以下说明书和权利要求书中详述的特征，能够实现该目的。 
根据本发明，通过将可膨胀材料放入待填充浇注材料的空区内，能够实现密封未完全填充有浇注材料的空区。于是，在浇注材料固化后，该可膨胀材料通常通过取代流体而膨胀到未填充有浇注材料的空间内。 
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种井系统，该井系统包括：用于膨胀到钻孔中的空隙内的装置，所述空隙至少部分地由浇注材料限定，所述浇注材料被设置于所述钻孔与所述装置之间并且与两者接触，其中所述装置包括设置于所述钻孔内的管状结构上的环形件，并且所述环形件含有能够响应于与所述井系统中流体的接触而从缩回状态伸展到膨胀状态的可膨胀材料。 
例如，当壳体在钻孔内待填入水泥时，将至少一个套筒形的塞子(plug)设置成在壳体进入钻孔之前使所述塞子环绕壳体。 
当壳体进入钻孔内的预定位置时，环绕壳体的环形空间内填充有钻井液，可膨胀材料在一定程度上使壳体在钻孔内居中。 
当通常呈混凝土形式的浇注材料随后流入环形空间中时，由于区域内填充有混凝土，存在于环形空间内的流体基本上被取代。 
然而，很难将环形空间内的所有流体都排出，并且某些流体积聚在环形空间的底部。在浇注后，由可膨胀材料构成的套筒形的塞子部分处于这种流体内，并部分嵌入到浇注材料内。 
例如由于与流体接触时膨胀，或由于流体扩散进入采用可膨胀材料的空隙内，可膨胀材料会发生膨胀。相邻的流体由可膨胀材料取代，由此所产生的作用在于：例如封闭处于环域环形空间下部的流体通道。 
可膨胀材料例如可由在设置于钻孔中之前被压缩的膨胀性材料或泡沫状的可扩散材料形成，这些材料中的腔体随着时间的推移而填充有流体，材料因此而膨胀。可膨胀材料可设计成在与例如水、油、气体或其它适合材料接触时膨胀。 
可膨胀材料可以选自例如包括弹性聚合物的群组，弹性聚合物例如：EPDM橡胶、苯乙烯/丁二烯、天然橡胶、乙烯/丙烯单体橡胶(ethylene/propylene monomer rubber)、苯乙烯/丙烯/二烯单体橡胶(styrene/propylene/diene monomer rubber)、乙烯/乙酸乙烯橡胶、氢化丙烯腈/丁二烯橡胶，丙烯腈/丁二烯橡胶，异戊二烯橡胶，氯丁二烯橡胶或聚降冰片烯。膨胀性材料还可包括上述材料的混合物，可以加入其它溶解的或混 合的材料，例如纤维素纤维，如专利号为US 4,240,800的美国专利中所述。其它替代物可以是与下列物质机械混合的橡胶，这些物质如聚氯乙烯，甲基丙烯酸甲酯，丙烯腈，乙酸乙酯，或与油接触时会膨胀的其它聚合物。 
可扩散的材料可选自包括腈橡胶的群组。如上所述，可扩散材料由具有相当大部分的封闭腔的弹性材料制成，该材料允许流体通过该材料扩散进入腔内。 
可膨胀材料可以带有一个或多个例如呈纤维布形式的加强物。 
附图说明
下文将对所附示意图中示出的优选方法和实施例的非限定性实例进行描述，其中：
图1示出了设有由可膨胀材料构成的套筒的壳体，该壳体位于土地中的大致水平的钻孔内，浇注材料已填充到壳体与钻孔壁之间的环形空间内； 
图2示出了经过一段时间后的图1中的装置，可膨胀材料已密封浇注材料中的空隙； 
图3示出了图1的I-I截面； 
图4示出了图2的II-II截面。 
具体实施方式
在附图中，附图标记1表示位于地层4的钻孔2内的壳体。 
壳体1由若干可膨胀材料构成的套筒6环绕。 
在壳体进入钻孔2之前，将套筒6安装于壳体1上，这样套筒6帮助壳体1不会完全设置于钻孔2的底部上。 
最有利的是，套筒6设有外部可渗透的、优选为耐用的织物材料8。该材料还可含有呈金属体或合成纤维形式的加强物。可渗透的织物材料8对套筒6的膨胀性的抑制仅达到不显著的程度。 
参看图1，在将壳体1放置于钻孔2内之后，在此为混凝土的浇注材料10被填充到处于壳体1与钻孔2之间的、呈环状空间的空区12内。 
从图1和图3可以看出，由于某些钻井液14存在于环形空间12的下部，所以环状空间12内并未完全填充有浇注材料10。 
未由浇注材料10取代的钻井液14的影响作用在于沿着钻孔2形成容许流动的通道16。 
经过一段时间后，例如受到钻井液14的影响，构成套筒6的可膨胀材料发生膨胀，并且取代位于套筒6与钻孔2之间的钻井液14，参看图2和图4。现在构成套筒6的可膨胀材料就与钻孔2的壁邻接，从而密封流体流动的纵向通道16。 

Claims (12)

1.一种井系统，包括：
用于膨胀到钻孔中的空隙内的装置，所述空隙至少部分地由浇注材料限定，所述浇注材料被设置于所述钻孔与所述装置之间并且与两者接触，
其中所述装置包括设置于所述钻孔内的管状结构上的环形件，并且所述环形件含有能够响应于与所述井系统中流体的接触而从缩回状态伸展到膨胀状态的可膨胀材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述空隙至少部分地由所述钻孔的壁限定。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述空隙至少部分地由所述管状结构限定。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述空隙至少部分地保持流体。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述可膨胀材料在与所述空隙中的流体接触起反应时，从缩回状态伸展到膨胀状态。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述浇注材料包括硬化的混凝土。
7.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述空隙包括一延长的通道，所述通道至少由所述浇注材料、所述管状结构和所述钻孔的壁限定。
8.一种用于密封钻孔中的空隙的方法，所述空隙至少部分地由置于所述钻孔内的浇注材料限定，所述方法包括以下步骤：
在管状结构上设置至少一个环形件，所述环形件含有能够从缩回状态伸展到膨胀状态的可膨胀材料；
将所述管状结构安装在所述钻孔内；
随后将所述浇注材料设置于由所述钻孔的壁和所述管状结构的外表面所限定的区域内；
使所述可膨胀材料可延伸成与所述钻孔的壁接触。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中，设置步骤还包括沿着所述管状结构的长度以隔开的间隔设置多个环形件。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述环形件适于在与所述空隙中的流体接触起反应时，从缩回状态伸展到膨胀状态。
11.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中，在所述浇注材料硬化后，所述可膨胀材料延伸入所述空隙内。
12.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述空隙包括延长的通道，所述通道至少由所述浇注材料、所述管状结构和所述钻孔的壁限定。
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PCT/NO2005/000456 WO2006065144A1 (en) 2004-12-16 2005-12-12 A method and a device for sealing a void incompletely filled with a cast material

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EP1825099B2 (en) 2021-06-09
MX2007007284A (es) 2007-08-15
US7946351B2 (en) 2011-05-24
EP1825099A4 (en) 2010-09-22
EP1825099A1 (en) 2007-08-29
CA2557830A1 (en) 2006-06-22
EP1825099B1 (en) 2011-11-23
PL1825099T3 (pl) 2012-04-30
WO2006065144A1 (en) 2006-06-22
US20110180264A1 (en) 2011-07-28
US20070227734A1 (en) 2007-10-04
NO20045478L (no) 2006-06-19
CN101080548A (zh) 2007-11-28
ATE534802T1 (de) 2011-12-15
AU2005317308B2 (en) 2010-04-01
BRPI0519115A2 (pt) 2008-12-23
DK1825099T3 (da) 2012-02-20
CA2557830C (en) 2009-02-03
AU2005317308A1 (en) 2006-06-22
NO20045478D0 (no) 2004-12-16
US8726992B2 (en) 2014-05-20
BRPI0519115B1 (pt) 2018-01-23

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