CN101076501A - Preform for optical element and optical element - Google Patents

Preform for optical element and optical element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101076501A
CN101076501A CNA2005800424629A CN200580042462A CN101076501A CN 101076501 A CN101076501 A CN 101076501A CN A2005800424629 A CNA2005800424629 A CN A2005800424629A CN 200580042462 A CN200580042462 A CN 200580042462A CN 101076501 A CN101076501 A CN 101076501A
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China
Prior art keywords
type body
concave surface
quasi
circular
top view
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CNA2005800424629A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
石崎太
福田繁树
杉﨑健儿
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Ohara Inc
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Ohara Inc
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Publication of CN101076501A publication Critical patent/CN101076501A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
    • C03B2215/40—Product characteristics
    • C03B2215/46—Lenses, e.g. bi-convex
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
    • C03B2215/40—Product characteristics
    • C03B2215/46—Lenses, e.g. bi-convex
    • C03B2215/47—Bi-concave
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
    • C03B2215/40—Product characteristics
    • C03B2215/46—Lenses, e.g. bi-convex
    • C03B2215/48—Convex-concave

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

A preform for an optical element is provided which involves less amount of deformation of glass in molding, and readily improves lifetime of the mold. The present preform for molding an optical glass element 10 exhibits an almost circular shape having a predetermined diameter in top view, exhibits a flattened semicircular shape having a predetermined overall height in side view, has a concave face on the top surface such that the predetermined overall height is attained at approximately the central position of the aforementioned circular shape, and has a concave face so as to fit along the convex face of the top surface such that a space is provided on the bottom face. The under surface may be either a concave face or a convex face. Also, the top surface may be either a concave face or a convex face.

Description

Pre-type body of optical element and optical element
Japanese patent application No.2005-187810 that the Japanese patent application No.2005-047276 that the Japanese patent application No.2004-359591 that the application submitted to based on December 13rd, 2004, on February 23rd, 2005 submit to and on June 28th, 2005 submit to and the right of priority that requires them, their content is incorporated herein by this reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pre-type body of optical element that is used for molding of optical elements as lens of using at optical device etc., also relate to its manufacture method.
Background technology
In recent years, used the optical lens that the is molded as predetermined shape lens as digital camera etc., concavees lens and biconcave lens have become optics commonly used.Consider the precision and extensive manufacturing of these optical lenses, usually use following method: wherein, at first make pre-moulded product, be fed to pre-moulded product in the final mould then and carry out hot-work by molten glass material being molded as have with the approaching as far as possible shape of final optical element.
According to present method, can realize the reduction of opticglass deformation quantity in the hot-work and the duration of contact of shortening and mould, reduce defective moulded product thus and prolong die life.In addition, can expect to obtain to shorten the effect of molded pitch time (tact time).
Therefore, in various documents, disclose and carried out pre-molded optical element manufacture method.But, do not have a lot of documents to relate to the shape of pre-moulded product.
On the other hand, the pre-moulded product of the glass with specified shape (for example, Japanese patent application discloses No.H05-213622 first) is disclosed.In the document, be placed on the supporting member with circular open being cut to glass elements in advance, and once heat with softening extremely near catenary with predetermined size.Disclose the method that following acquisition has the pre-moulded product of bi-concave glass: further this glass elements near catenary is placed in the mould, this mould has the last negative die (mold halves) with convex surface, carries out pressing mold then.
But, owing on a surface, have convex surface near this glass elements of catenary, its when precision press-molding built on the sand.Therefore, be easy to generate defective moulded product.In addition, have following method: wherein, downcut glass material from the glass block material, polishing then and polishing with generation has bi-concave optical element.But in this case, implementing many steps with alternate succession may need for a long time, causes cost to increase thus.
Simultaneously, the pre-moulded product of glass (for example, Japanese patent application discloses No.H09-12318 first) that has convex-concave shape or biconvex shape is in advance disclosed.
But, we can say that the pre-moulded product of the glass described in the document requires to change the mould of pre-molded usefulness suitably to meet the net shape of optical element; Therefore, the specific pre-moulded product of glass can't adapt to the compacting of each net shape.Therefore, the life-span of making the mould that this pre-moulded product uses becomes the factor that must consider, considers therefore to reduce cost that this method far can not be regarded as final solution.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the pre-type body of a kind of optical element, it can prolong die life and can reduce defective moulded product in the step of a series of manufacturing optical glass devices generation percentage, and can be according to the simple method manufacturing, the present invention also provides the manufacture method of this pre-type body.
The first pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of the present invention has slightly flat semisphere, and it comprises concave surface to minute (halved) surface.In addition, the second pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of the present invention is the following pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements: it has slightly thick disc while upper surface and lower surface and all has concave surface.In addition, the 3rd pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of the present invention is the following pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements: it has thin flat pattern while upper surface and lower surface all has convex surface.
According to these embodiments; when convex pressing mold or the compacting of spill pressing mold are used in expectation in molded step subsequently; above-mentioned concave surface or convex surface can be complementary with this convex pressing mold or spill pressing mold or be coupled to wherein, and the pressing force of pressing mold is uniformly applied on the pre-type body.In addition, pre-type body usually not with the projection or the analogue of another element or components bonding, and it is fixed (settling) position and is mainly determined with shearing force by gravity---this shearing force is from force of compression that the surface that will contact applied, frictional force etc.In addition, how it fixes and may determine that it is stable (stable for some changes) or unstable (because some changes have further caused more cataclysm and instability).When the shape of pressing mold shape and the pre-type surface that will contact not simultaneously, its potentially unstable.Therefore, have convex or pressing mold has under the situation of spill at pressing mold, the preferable shape of pre-type body with contacting of pressing mold the pressing force of pressing mold evenly is applied on the whole.Therefore, because pre-type body is well secured, can reduce the appearance of defective moulded product.
As mentioned above, the coupling of the shape of the pressing mold front end that in molded step subsequently, uses and pre-type body concave surface or with pre-type body convex surface top view near the approximate centre position the coupling of curved surface be important.Under the situation that is shaped as the director sphere shape of pressing mold front end, near the preferred radius-of-curvature of pressing mold front end shape no better than of the radius-of-curvature of the curved surface the approximate centre position of the radius-of-curvature of pre-type body concave surface or pre-type body convex surface.
When the radius-of-curvature of pre-type body concave surface is relatively too big, may apply too big pressure to the approximate centre position of pre-type body concave surface.When radius-of-curvature relatively too hour, pressure may not be applied directly to the approximate centre position of pre-type body concave surface, but may rounded being applied on its circumference, in addition, pressing mold only be that the pressure that inclination slightly all may cause being applied on this ring part is offset.Near the radius-of-curvature of the curved surface the approximate centre position of pre-type body concave surface preferably a little more than the radius-of-curvature of pressing mold front end shape, may be exerted pressure because estimate more equably.
When the radius-of-curvature of pre-type body convex surface is relatively too big, pressure may not be applied directly to the approximate centre position of pre-type body convex surface, but may rounded being applied on its circumference, in addition, pressing mold only be that the pressure that inclination slightly all may cause being applied on this ring part is offset.When radius-of-curvature relatively too hour, may apply too big pressure to the approximate centre position of pre-type body convex surface.Near the radius-of-curvature of the curved surface the approximate centre position of pre-type body convex surface preferably is slightly less than the radius-of-curvature of the shape of pressing mold front end, may exert pressure more equably because estimate.
In addition, near the thick and above-mentioned diameter ratio of pre-type body wall the approximate centre position of pre-type body concave surface is preferably 1.0 or lower.Simultaneously, this ratio more preferably 0.2 or higher.In addition, this ratio more preferably 0.9 or lower.Correspondingly, can apply the deformation of appropriate amount with moulded product to pre-type body.
When the upper surface of pre-type body and lower surface all had the shape that comprises convex surface, near the thick and above-mentioned diameter ratio of pre-type body wall the approximate centre position of the convex surface of upper surface and lower surface was preferably 0.45 or lower.Simultaneously, this ratio more preferably 0.1 or higher.In addition, this ratio is preferably 0.3 or lower.When ratio dropped on this scope, it was cracked to reduce the pre-type body appearance of making, and in addition, because deformation quantity is little, can shorten the press time.
More specifically, provide following aspect.
(1) a kind of pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, in side-view, present and have protruding downwards curve and the flat semicircle of the collinear of level almost on the upper surface, thereby make the lowermost portion of convex curve and this collinear distance become this flat semicircular predetermined height, and this pre-type body has concave surface at upper surface, have convex surface in the bottom surface, wherein the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view of the concave surface on the upper surface constitutes the lowermost portion of this concave surface; Convex surface on the bottom surface is constituting the lowermost portion of this convex surface with the corresponding bottom center in above-mentioned approximate centre position position; And the diameter ratio of quasi-circular is 0.2 to 0.9 in this flat semicircular height and the top view.
(2) according to the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of above-mentioned aspect (1), wherein concave surface has following characteristics in the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view: the lowermost portion of this concave surface diameter ratio of quasi-circular in the collinear of upper surface distance and the top view is 0.02 to 0.9 from side-view.
(3) according to the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of above-mentioned aspect (1) or (2), the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view wherein, the diameter ratio of quasi-circular is 0.2 to 0.9 in the wall thickness of pre-type body and the top view, and this wall thickness is the distance from the lowermost portion of convex surface to the lowermost portion of concave surface in side-view.
(4) according to each the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements in above-mentioned aspect (1) to (3), wherein in the side-view in flat semicircular predetermined height and the top view diameter ratio of quasi-circular be 0.2 to 0.9.
(5) according to each the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements in above-mentioned aspect (1) to (4), wherein near the ratio of the radius-of-curvature near the radius-of-curvature the convex surface lowermost portion and the concave surface lowermost portion is 0.4 to 10.
(6) be used for the pre-type body of moulded optical glass elements, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, all have concave surface on upper surface and lower surface, wherein the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view of the concave surface on the upper surface constitutes the lowermost portion of this concave surface; Concave surface on the lower surface is constituting the highest part of this concave surface with corresponding lower surface central position, above-mentioned approximate centre position; In the side-view in flattened oval shape height and the top view ratio of the diameter of quasi-circular (D) be 0.1 to 0.9.
(7) a kind of pre-type body, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, in side-view, on top and lower surface, has the almost straight line of level, the distance between the top and bottom becomes flattened oval shape predetermined height (h) in the side-view thereby make, it all has concave surface on upper surface and lower surface, wherein the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view of the concave surface on the upper surface constitutes the lowermost portion of this concave surface; Concave surface on the lower surface is constituting the highest part of this concave surface with corresponding lower surface central position, above-mentioned approximate centre position; In the side-view in flattened oval shape height and the top view ratio of the diameter of quasi-circular (D) be 0.1 to 0.9.
(8) according to the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of above-mentioned aspect (6), wherein in the side-view in the distance (Δ h1) of concave surface lowermost portion on concave surface and upper surface and the side-view in distance (Δ h2) sum (Δ h1+ Δ h2) of the highest part of concave surface on another concave surface and lower surface and the top view ratio of the diameter (D) of quasi-circular be 0.02 to 0.9.
(9) according to the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements of above-mentioned aspect (6) or (8), wherein in the side-view concave surface lowermost portion on concave surface and the concave surface on another concave surface in distance and the top view of high part the ratio of the diameter (D) of quasi-circular be 0.2 to 0.9.
(10) according to each the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements in above-mentioned aspect (6) to (9), wherein near the ratio of the radius-of-curvature (R2) the highest part of concave surface near the radius-of-curvature (R1) the concave surface lowermost portion on concave surface and another concave surface is 0.1 to 10 in the side-view.
(11) a kind of pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, all have convex surface on upper surface and lower surface, wherein the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view of the convex surface on the upper surface constitutes the highest part of this convex surface; Convex surface on the lower surface is constituting the lowermost portion of this convex surface with corresponding lower surface central position, above-mentioned approximate centre position; The ratio of the diameter (D) of quasi-circular is 0.45 or lower in the wall thickness of this pre-type body (t) and the top view, and wherein wall thickness (t) is the distance of the convex surface lowermost portion on the highest part of convex surface from the upper surface and the lower surface in side-view.
(12) according to each the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements in above-mentioned aspect (1) to (11), it comprises silicon-dioxide-boric acid class or lanthanum class opticglass, and it is a preferable material for optical applications.
(13) a kind of by to carrying out the optical element that precision press-molding is made according to each pre-type body in above-mentioned aspect (1) to (12).
According to the of the present invention first pre-type body, be preferably as follows molded desired shape by compression: with radius-of-curvature mainly at the upper mold section of the radius-of-curvature coupling of front end and above-mentioned concave surface (this concave surface is its upper surface of upwards placing simultaneously), facing to pre-type body lower surface on surface (it is the surface with spill as the negative die that receives (receiving) half module) compacting of convex surface coupling.In addition, according to the second pre-type body, be preferably as follows molded desired shape by compression: with radius-of-curvature mainly at the upper mold section of the radius-of-curvature of front end and concave surface (this concave upright placement simultaneously) coupling, facing to pre-type body lower surface on surface (it is the surface with convex as the negative die that the receives half module) compacting of concave surface coupling.In addition, about the 3rd pre-type body, be preferably as follows molded desired shape by compression: with radius-of-curvature mainly the upper mold section of the radius-of-curvature coupling of front end and convex surface (this convex surface is upwards placed simultaneously) facing to pre-type body lower surface on surface (it is the surface with spill as the negative die that the receives half module) compacting of convex surface coupling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has shown the sectional view of the pre-type body of diagram.
Fig. 2 has shown the explanatory of the feed step of diagram melten glass.
Fig. 3 has shown that diagram is by making the explanatory of the step of pre-type body with upper mold section pressed glass piece.
Fig. 4 has shown from state shown in Figure 3 and has removed state behind the upper mold section.
Fig. 5 has shown the sectional view of diagram according to the pre-type body of second embodiment.
Fig. 6 has shown the explanatory of diagram according to the feed step of melten glass in the manufacturing step of second embodiment.
Fig. 7 shown diagram according in the manufacturing step of second embodiment by make the explanatory of the step of pre-type body with upper mold section pressed glass piece.
Fig. 8 has shown from state shown in Figure 7 and has removed state behind the upper mold section.
Fig. 9 has shown the sectional view of diagram according to the pre-type body of the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 10 has shown the explanatory of diagram according to the feed step of melten glass in the manufacturing step of the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 11 shown diagram according in the manufacturing step of the 3rd embodiment by make the explanatory of the step of pre-type body with upper mold section pressed glass piece.
Figure 12 has shown from state shown in Figure 11 and has removed state behind the upper mold section.
Embodiment
Below, explain the of the present invention first pre-type body in detail referring to figs. 1 through 4.In addition, explain the of the present invention second pre-type body in detail with reference to Fig. 5 to 8.In addition, explain the of the present invention the 3rd pre-type body in detail with reference to Fig. 9 to 12.In the following description of embodiment, total composed component is denoted as identical reference number, and omits or simplify its explanation.
The height of pre-type body mentioned in this article is meant when pre-type body horizontal fixed so that one when facing down, to the distance of the extreme higher position of vertically upward direction.The center wall thickness of pre-type body is meant the pre-type body thickness in pre-type body approximate center.Pre-type body is meant when pre-type body horizontal fixed so that one when facing down in concave depth, from side-view center dant bending low spot to the collinear distance that marks of level almost on upper surface or lower surface.Pre-type body diameter is meant the diameter of pre-type body when seeing from top to bottom.
The first pre-type body
Fig. 1 has shown the sectional view of the of the present invention first pre-type body (or glass block) 10.Pre-type body 10 has the circle of diameter for (D) in top view, or has the shape that flattens slightly for the semisphere of (D) from diameter from the space.Position, this hemispheric center (umbilical) is the lower surface central point 12 of the fore-end of the convex shown in the bottom of figure, and it is equivalent to the lowermost portion of convex surface.In fish-eye view, it is the circle with diameter (D) at center that pre-type body presents with this lower surface central point 12.Present cross section 19, on this lower surface central point 12, it is added oblique line with the ennuple shape that flys in circles (or opening V-arrangement).This pre-type body surface reveals with respect to the extend perpendicular in the drawings and the rotation symmetry of passing the axle of lower surface central point 12, and has with respect to the vertical plane that comprises cross section 19 and be the symmetric shape of face.
Cross section 19 has the shape that is inclined upwardly and extends with respect to above-mentioned right side and left side, and right front ends and left front end are followed the circular arc 14 with predetermined radii in the cross section, and arrives the cross section level line, thereby smoothly connects the upper surface to pre-type body 10.This upper surface has the 22 slight concave surfaces 16 (will explain hereinafter) that descend of the circumferential section with maximum height of this pre-type body from figure, and the level line of cross section 19 is crossed the depression center that flex point is passed above-mentioned circular arc 14 sensing concave surfaces 16.Near curvature change flex point 17, but the position of inflection and program creating conditions and become during with manufacture method and actual the manufacturing.
Near a part of sphere that comprises " spheroid R1 " the lower surface central point 12 of the protuberance front end of pre-type body 10.The center 18 of " spheroid R1 " is positioned on the above-mentioned rotational symmetric axle, but the position is higher than the surface of concave surface 16.The scope of this " spheroid R1 " drops in " Deg 1 " that meets in the cross section 19 or the lower scope.Similarly, the centre portions of the concave surface 16 of pre-type body 10 comprises a part of sphere of " spheroid R2 ".The center 20 of " spheroid R2 " is positioned on the above-mentioned rotational symmetric axle.The scope of this " spheroid R2 " drops in " Deg 2 " that meet in the cross section 19 or the lower scope.
Zone between the circular arc 14 of lower surface central point 12 and pre-type body 10 protuberance front ends has predetermined sphere; But its center is not positioned on the symmetric axle of circle, but move to right in the drawings (taking back in the symmetry of the convex surface on the right side).
This paper available parameter D, R1, R2, Deg 1 and Deg 2 can drop on respectively in the following scope.
Table 1
Lower limit The upper limit
D 5.0 20
R1 8 60
R2 6 20
Deg 1 3 30
Deg 2 10 40
The height of pre-type body mentioned in this article is meant, for example, so that its lower surface central point 12 (it is the top of pre-type body protuberance) down the time, to the distance of the extreme higher position of direction vertically upward, specifically be meant the distance (h) among Fig. 1 when pre-type body 10 horizontal fixed from the surface of pre-type body lay down location.In other words, in side-view, have protruding downwards curve and on the upper surface, almost in the flat semicircle of the collinear of level, be flat semicircular predetermined height (h) to this collinear distance from the convex curve lowermost portion.
Pre-type body is equivalent in concave depth, for example, when pre-type body horizontal fixed so that pre-type body protuberance down the time, poor from the surface of pre-type body lay down location to the vertical range (t) of the crooked lower-most point of pre-type body recess and the pre-above-mentioned height of type body (h).Particularly, the degree of depth is equivalent to (the Δ h) among Fig. 1.In other words, it is equivalent to the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in top view, the above-mentioned collinear distance (Δ h) from the concave surface lowermost portion on the upper surface to above-mentioned upper surface.
The center wall thickness of pre-type body is meant from the summit of protuberance bending to the distance of the lower-most point of recess bending.In Fig. 1, the center wall thickness is equivalent to the distance shown in (t) among Fig. 1.
The external diameter of pre-type body is meant the diameter of pre-type body when seeing from top to bottom herein.In Fig. 1, external diameter is meant the distance shown in the diameter (D).
In this example, recess depths (Δ h) is preferably 0.02 times of pre-type body diameter or higher.Simultaneously, recess depths (Δ h) is preferably 0.9 times of pre-type body diameter or lower.When the recess on the concave surface 16 depression with respect to external diameter and during Yan Taida, pre-type body is cracked easily when molded, the fraction defective that causes thus making may improve.On the contrary, when depression too hour, the deformation quantity of glass becomes too big in the precision press-molding subsequently, cause thus reducing die life and precision press-molding in the possibility of increase cycle time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, center wall thickness (t) is preferably 0.2 times of pre-type body diameter or higher.In addition, it is preferably 0.9 times of pre-type body diameter (D) or lower.When center wall thick for external diameter too hour, pre-type body is cracked easily when molded, the fraction defective that causes thus making may improve.On the contrary, when center wall is thick when too big, the deformation quantity of glass becomes so big so that may cause reducing die life and increase cycle time in the precision press-molding subsequently.
In an embodiment of the present invention, highly (h) preferably has the lower limit that is 0.2 times of pre-type body diameter and 0.9 times the upper limit.When height for external diameter too hour, too much cushion block outwards extends so that improves external diameter, produces cracked thin-walled easily thus.On the contrary, when highly too big, the deformation quantity when molded becomes so big so that may cause reducing die life and increase cycle time.
External diameter and center wall thickness to pre-type body of the present invention are not particularly limited, but consider that working efficiency, the external diameter upper limit can be preferably 20 millimeters, and more preferably 15 millimeters, most preferably 12 millimeters.In addition, the external diameter lower limit can be preferably 5 millimeters, and more preferably 7 millimeters, most preferably 9 millimeters.Simultaneously, the upper limit of center wall thickness can be preferably 18 millimeters, and more preferably 12 millimeters, most preferably 8.5 millimeters.In addition, the lower limit of center wall thickness can be preferably 1.0 millimeters, and more preferably 2.0 millimeters, most preferably 3.5 millimeters.
In order to measure the radius of curvature R of pre-type body of the present invention, for example, can use  4 surveying instruments to measure.Particularly, the surveying instrument of  4 is cup type measuring device (cup guage), and it comprises that internal diameter is the cup and the sensing needle of "  4 ".Can read the displacement of sensing needle with digital instrument.At first, use the position of base plate alignment cup upper surface and the position of sensing needle, and this position is decided to be radix (being read as 0 on digital instrument).Then, the measurement face of pre-type body is pressed to cup, and read sensing location (Δ H) from digital instrument.Should be worth substitution following formula (1) to derive radius of curvature R
R = 4 2 + 4 × ( ΔH ) 2 8 × ΔH · · · ( 1 )
The of the present invention first pre-type body can be by the following manufacturing step manufacturing that schematically shows among Fig. 2 to 4.Fig. 2 has shown device 50 and the step that the melten glass charging is had glass block 11 usefulness of predetermined height with accumulation.For the glass block 11 that before molded, has predetermined height, as at opening for feed from shown in the melten glass 56 of the nozzle 52 part drippages of the device that is used for supplying with melten glass, the melten glass that is heated to preset temperature is supplied to and is deposited in the negative die (or receiving mould) 54 with predetermined amount.Here, negative die 54 has open small (fine) wind scoop, and is as shown in arrow 62 thus, any that can be in wherein sending into hot blast, warm wind and cold wind.This feeding manner helps to prolong the life-span of negative die, but the inlet air of also can not bothering to see me out.The melten glass that is deposited in the negative die 54 forms glass block 11 when being cooled to a certain degree by atmosphere, and moves to following position: upper mold section 72 uses with negative die 54 there.
Fig. 3 has shown with upper mold section 72 and has formed device 70 and the step that pre-type body recess is used by pressure.The glass block 11 that moves with negative die 54 becomes the state with predetermined glass surface temperature, with upper mold section 72 compactings that are positioned at opposite location.Correspondingly, can obtain to have the pre-type body 13 of optical element of recess.In this process, as shown in arrow 62, send into wind from the surface 60 of negative die 54 with preset temperature, simultaneously, also shown in arrow 76, send into wind with preset temperature from upper mold section 72.
In addition, the shape of negative die 54 is not subjected to the restriction of certain radius of curvature, and itself can discharge or not discharge gas.Fig. 4 has shown the state of the upper mold section 72 (it forms recess on concave surface 16) that removes as shown in Figure 3, thereby takes out the pre-type body 15 as product.In the description of Fig. 2 to 4, adopt lens as the optical element that becomes with this preform with machicolated form or analogous shape.But, when the moulded product of final acquisition is biconcave lens or analogue, can receives mould by the pre-type body that use has a convex or receive on the mould downside among the figure made to convex and have spill by being received in parts transfer on the spill.Therefore, can arbitrarily be adjusted to all or part of of profile according to aforesaid method to have spill.
The second pre-type body
Fig. 5 has shown the sectional view of an example of the diagram of the present invention second pre-type body.This pre-type body 10a has diameter and is the circle of (D) in top view, or is seen as from the space and comprises that diameter is the hemispheric flattened section of (D) and the shape with vertical summetry relation.That is to say that the second pre-type body is that with pre-the different of type body of first shown in Fig. 1 lower surface forms recess as shown in Figure 5.
Cross section has all to be inclined upwardly with respect to right side and left side and extends and further with respect to the equal shape of downward-sloping extension in right side and left side, and right front ends and left front end are followed the circular arc with predetermined radii in the cross section, and the arrival level line, thereby smoothly connect upper surface and lower surface to pre-type body.These upper and lower surfaces have from the slight concave surface 16 that descends of circumferential section.Can arbitrarily change the radius-of-curvature and the degree of depth of this concave surface according to creating conditions.Here, employed parameter D, R1, R2, Deg 1 and Deg 2 can drop on respectively in the following scope.
Table 2
Lower limit The upper limit
D 5.0 20
R1 6 60
R2 6 60
Deg 1 3 40
Deg 2 3 40
In this embodiment, two concave depth sums (Δ h1+ Δ h2) are preferably 0.02 times of external diameter (D) or higher, and more preferably 0.05 times or higher, most preferably 0.1 times or higher.In addition, two concave depth sums (Δ h1+ Δ h2) are preferably 0.9 times of external diameter or lower, and more preferably 0.7 times or lower, most preferably 0.5 times or lower.When two concave depth with respect to external diameter and during Yan Taida, it is cracked that pre-type body is easy to generate when molded, the fraction defective that causes thus making improves.On the contrary, when the degree of depth too hour, the deformation quantity of glass becomes too big in the precision press-molding subsequently, cause thus reducing die life and precision press-molding in the possibility of increase cycle time.
In this embodiment, center wall thickness (t) is preferably 0.2 times of pre-type body diameter (D) or higher, and more preferably 0.3 times or higher, most preferably 0.4 times or higher.In addition, it is preferably 0.9 times of pre-type body diameter D or lower, and more preferably 0.8 times or lower, most preferably 0.7 times or lower.When center wall thick for external diameter too hour, pre-type body is cracked easily when molded, the fraction defective that causes thus making may improve.On the contrary, when center wall is thick when too big, the deformation quantity of glass becomes too big in the precision press-molding subsequently, cause thus reducing die life and precision press-molding in the possibility of increase cycle time.
In this embodiment, following 0.1 times of being limited to pre-type body diameter D of (h) highly, more preferably 0.2 times, most preferably 0.3 times, on be limited to 0.9 times of external diameter, more preferably 0.8 times, most preferably 0.7 times.When herein height for external diameter too hour, too much cushion block outwards extends so that improves external diameter, produces cracked thin-walled easily thus.On the contrary, when highly too big, the deformation quantity when molded becomes so big so that may cause reducing die life and increase cycle time.
External diameter and center wall thickness to pre-type body of the present invention are not particularly limited, but consider that working efficiency, the external diameter upper limit can be preferably 20 millimeters, and more preferably 15 millimeters, most preferably 12 millimeters.In addition, the external diameter lower limit can be preferably 5 millimeters, and more preferably 7 millimeters, most preferably 9 millimeters.Simultaneously, the upper limit of center wall thickness can be preferably 18 millimeters, and more preferably 12 millimeters, most preferably 8.4 millimeters.In addition, the lower limit of center wall thickness can be preferably 1.0 millimeters, and more preferably 2.0 millimeters, most preferably 3.5 millimeters.
Production Example
The pre-type body of in this embodiment second can by with the similar manufacturing step manufacturing of the first pre-type body.More specifically, as shown in Fig. 6 to 8, only be that with the difference of the pre-type body of first shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 the surperficial 60a on the negative die 54a is protruding.Can use in the method with the first pre-type body and function similarly other item, that is, with the melten glass charging and pile up device and step (Fig. 6) that glass block with predetermined height uses, suppress with the step (Fig. 7) of making pre-type body, the step (Fig. 8) that removes upper mold section and take out product with upper mold section 72.Correspondingly, can make pre-type body 13a and 15a with double recess.
The 3rd pre-type body
Fig. 9 has shown the sectional view of an example of diagram the of the present invention the 3rd pre-type body.This pre-type body 10b has the circle of diameter for (D) in top view, or for comprising that from the space diameter is the hemispheric flattened section of (D) and the shape with vertical summetry relation.That is to say that the 3rd pre-type body is that with pre-the different of type body of first shown in Fig. 1 upper surface forms protuberance as shown in Figure 9.
Cross section has the shape that all is inclined upwardly and extends with respect to right side and left side, and the right front ends in the cross section and left end follow circular arc with predetermined radii arriving level line, thereby smoothly connects the upper surface to pre-type body.These upper and lower surfaces have from the convex surface of circumferential section slight bending.Can arbitrarily change the radius (D) and the wall thickness (t) of this 3rd pre-type body according to creating conditions.Can drop on respectively in the following scope at this available parameter D and t.
Table 3
Lower limit The upper limit
D 10 20
T 3 6
In this embodiment, center wall thickness t is preferably 0.45 times of pre-type body diameter D or lower, more preferably 0.40 times or lower.Especially, when using high-viscosity glass or high Tg glass, consider the reduction of less loading capacity and used energy, for 0.3 times of type body diameter D or lower center wall thickness are the most practical in advance.When center wall is thick with respect to external diameter and during Yan Taida, it is long-time that pressing mold needs, this causes economically shortcoming owing to need to consume big energy.In addition, the wall thickness of pre-type body is preferably 0.05 times of outer diameter D or higher, more preferably 0.1 times or higher because the too little thick meeting of pre-type body wall cause molded in the increase of cracked possibility.
External diameter and center wall thickness to pre-type body of the present invention are not particularly limited, but consider that working efficiency, the external diameter upper limit can be preferably 20 millimeters, and more preferably 18 millimeters, most preferably 17 millimeters.In addition, the external diameter lower limit can be preferably 10 millimeters, and more preferably 12 millimeters, most preferably 13 millimeters.In addition, the upper limit of center wall thickness can be preferably 6 millimeters, and more preferably 5.5 millimeters, most preferably 5 millimeters.In addition, the lower limit of center wall thickness can be preferably 3 millimeters, and more preferably 3.5 millimeters, most preferably 4 millimeters.
Production Example
The pre-type body of in this embodiment the 3rd can by with the similar manufacturing step manufacturing of the first pre-type body.More specifically, as shown in Figure 10 to 12, only be that with the difference of the pre-type body of first shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 the surperficial 74b on the upper mold section 72b is protruding.Can use in the method with the first pre-type body and function similarly other item, that is, with the melten glass charging and pile up device and step (Figure 10) that glass block with predetermined height uses, suppress with the step (Figure 11) of making pre-type body, the step (Figure 12) that removes upper mold section and take out product with upper mold section 72b.Correspondingly, can make pre-type body 13b and 15b with biconvex portion.
Embodiment
Then, explain specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
In glass-melting furnace, melt glass melting temperature, simultaneously at 900 ℃ of nozzles 52 to 1200 ℃ of water back front ends to produce 1100 to 1300 ℃.Then, negative die 54 is close to placement of nozzle 52 belows and drippage glass block 11, or is increased near nozzle 52.When the recessed molded face of negative die 54 is correspondingly filled melten glass, negative die 54 is fallen.Cut melten glass then to obtain glass block 11.
The material of negative die 54 is porous metal, and discharges any rare gas element, for example air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon gas etc. or its any mixed gas with 0.5 to 10 liter/minute.Negative die 54 usefulness upper mold sections 72 compactings that to hold glass block 11 are to obtain to have the pre-type body 13 of optical element of recess.In this embodiment, use two kinds, promptly silicon-dioxide-boric acid class or lanthanum class opticglass are as the opticglass composition.
Embodiment 2
Under temperature condition similar to Example 1, use the negative die 54 of not discharging gas to obtain glass block 11.The negative die 54 that will hold glass block 11 moves on under the upper mold section 72 that has the micropore of discharging gas, under 800 to 1150 ℃ glass surface temperature condition, suppresses with the press face 74 of the upper mold section 72 that is positioned at opposite location simultaneously.Thus, obtain to have the pre-type body 13 of optical element of recess.
In drawing method, suppressed 1 to 10 second continuously facing to the free surface of glass block 11.The surface of the pre-type body 13 of the optical element with recess that obtains according to this method is a smooth mirror surface.
The center wall thickness of the glass preform of making thus is 0.3 times of external diameter, and recess depths is 0.06 times of external diameter, highly is 0.4 times of external diameter.
Embodiment 3
Make according to method similar to Example 1, just change the negative die among the embodiment 1 into negative die, obtain the pre-type body of optical element thus with double recess with convex.In this embodiment, use two kinds, promptly silicon-dioxide-boric acid class or lanthanum class opticglass are as the opticglass composition.
Embodiment 4
Make according to method similar to Example 2, just change the negative die among the embodiment 2 into negative die, obtain the pre-type body of optical element thus with double recess with convex.In drawing method, suppressed 1 to 10 second continuously facing to the free surface of glass block.The surface of the pre-type body 13 of the optical element with double recess that obtains according to this method is a smooth mirror surface.In addition, the center wall thickness of the glass preform of making thus is 0.4 times of external diameter, and double recess degree of depth sum is 0.2 times of external diameter, highly is 0.6 times of external diameter.
Embodiment 5
Make according to method similar to Example 1, just change the upper mold section among the embodiment 1 into upper mold section, obtain to have the pre-type body of optical element of biconvex portion thus with spill.In this embodiment, use two kinds, promptly silicon-dioxide-boric acid class or lanthanum class opticglass are as the opticglass composition.
Embodiment 6
According to the pre-type body of method manufacturing similar to Example 5 to produce different physical propertiess.The physical property values of embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 is presented in the table 4.
Table 4
Embodiment 5 Embodiment 6
D 13.5 14.0
T 5.0 6.0
t/D 0.37 0.43
R1 (free surface, upper surface) 42 64
R2 (molded, lower surface) 42 30
R1/R2 1.0 2.1
Test case 1
Use the pre-type body of making among the embodiment 1 or 2 of optical element, carry out precision compacting test.The center wall thickness of the of the present invention pre-type body that uses in the test case 1 is 0.3 times of external diameter, and recess depths is 0.06 times of external diameter, highly is 0.4 times of external diameter.
The pre-type body of this optical element is heated to is equivalent to 10 4To 10 11The temperature of Pas.Then, suppressed pre-type body 3 to 60 seconds with 100 to 300 kilograms/square centimeter with upper mold section, cooling and demolding is to obtain final moulded product then.
In addition, as a comparison case, be that 10 millimeters and center wall thickness are to carry out precision compacting test on 6.5 millimeters the pre-type body of biconvex at external diameter under the identical pressing conditions.The pre-type body of this optical element shows stable laying when precision press-molding, and produces considerably less defective moulded product.
Relatively being presented in the table 5 of the defect level of pre-type body of this optical element and for example double convex glass piece.Defect level this be meant cracked, crackle, with mould welding and similar phenomenon.For example, 2% defect level percentage is meant the ratio of defective occurrence number/compacting impact (press shots) number.
Table 5
The compacting impact number The pre-type bulk defects degree percentage of manufacture method of the present invention Correlated double convex glass piece defect level percentage
100 times 0％ 0％
200 times 0％ 2％
500 times 0％ 3％
As shown in table 5, the pre-type body of optical element of the present invention does not produce substandard products under continuous 500 impacts, and the double convex glass piece produces substandard products in 200 times are impacted.This is considered to lay and be accompanied by more owing to the double convex glass piece shows instability in compacting that the large deformation amount causes.
Test case 2
Use the pre-type body of making among the embodiment 3 or 4 of optical element, carry out precision compacting test.The center wall thickness of the of the present invention pre-type body that uses in the test case 2 is 0.4 times of external diameter, and two concave depth sums are 0.2 times of external diameter, highly is 0.6 times of external diameter.
The pre-type body of this optical element is heated to is equivalent to 10 4To 10 11The temperature of Pas.Then, suppressed pre-type body 3 to 60 seconds with 100 to 300 kilograms/square centimeter with upper mold section, cooling and demolding is to obtain final moulded product then.
In addition, as a comparison case, be that 10 millimeters and center wall thickness are that 6.5 millimeters the pre-type body of biconvex (contrast 2) is gone up and is that 11 millimeters and center wall thickness are to carry out precision compacting on 5.0 millimeters the pre-type body of convex-concave (contrast 1) to test at external diameter at external diameter under the identical pressing conditions.The pre-type body of this optical element shows laying of stabilizer pole when precision press-molding, and produces considerably less defective moulded product.
Relatively being presented in the table 6 of the defect level of pre-type body of this optical element and the pre-type body of for example biconvex and the pre-type body of convex-concave.Defect level this be meant cracked, crackle, with mould welding and similar phenomenon.For example, 2% defective percentage is meant the ratio of defective occurrence number/compacting impact number.
Table 6
The compacting impact number The pre-type bulk defects percentage of manufacture method of the present invention The concavo-convex pre-type bulk defects percentage of contrast 1 The pre-type bulk defects of the biconvex percentage of contrast 2
100 times 0％ 0％ 0％
500 times 0％ 0％ 3％
1000 times 0％ 2％ 6％
As shown in table 6, the pre-type body of optical element of the present invention does not produce substandard products under continuous 1000 impacts, and the double convex glass piece has produced 3% substandard products in 500 times are impacted, and the pre-type body of convex-concave produces substandard products in 1000 times are impacted.This is considered to mainly is to be caused by pre-type body laying when suppressing.
As mentioned above, the invention is characterized in the pre-type body of the optical element of making by following manner: on the reception mould, receive the melten glass that is heated to preset temperature, suppress with the upper mold section that is positioned at opposite location then, and relate to the specified relationship of external diameter, the degree of depth and height.
Cracked and crackle when the use of pre-type body that relates to the specified relationship of external diameter, the degree of depth and height can reduce precision press-molding, and reduction in the numbers of seconds.In addition, owing to can reduce the loading capacity of mould, can realize deformation still less and prolong die life.Correspondingly, can reduce the frequency of maintenance of compacting tool set, therefore, can provide cheap optical element pre-type body with spill and favourable outward appearance.In addition, owing to have the moulding depression of spill, glass block fixing satisfactory when mold die, and obtain littler deformation quantity, thus owing to the shortening press time has been reduced cost.
Although above described and illustration the preferred embodiments of the invention, it being understood that they are examples of the present invention, and be not regarded as the restriction.Can under the situation that does not deviate from the spirit or scope of the present invention, augment, delete, replace and other modification it.Correspondingly, the present invention is considered to not be subjected to the restriction of aforementioned description, and only is subjected to the restriction of the scope of claims.

Claims (11)

1. pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, in side-view, present and have protruding downwards curve and the flat semicircle of the collinear of level almost on the upper surface, thereby make the lowermost portion of convex curve and collinear distance become this flat semicircular predetermined height, and this pre-type body has concave surface at upper surface, has convex surface in the bottom surface, wherein
Concave surface on upper surface approximate centre position of quasi-circular in described top view constitutes the lowermost portion of this concave surface;
Convex surface on the bottom surface is constituting the lowermost portion of this convex surface with the corresponding bottom center in described approximate centre position position; And
The described diameter ratio of quasi-circular is 0.2 to 0.9 in described flat semicircular described height and the described top view.
2. the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements according to claim 1, wherein said concave surface has following characteristics in the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in described top view: the described lowermost portion of concave surface described diameter ratio of quasi-circular in the described collinear distance of described upper surface and the described top view is 0.02 to 0.9 from described side-view.
3. the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements according to claim 1 and 2, the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in described top view wherein, the described diameter ratio of quasi-circular is 0.2 to 0.9 in the wall thickness of pre-type body and the described top view, and this wall thickness is the distance from the described lowermost portion of convex surface to the described lowermost portion of concave surface in described side-view.
4. according to each described pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements in the claim 1 to 3, wherein said convex surface has following feature: near the ratio of the radius-of-curvature near the radius-of-curvature the described lowermost portion of convex surface and the described lowermost portion of described concave surface upper recess surface is 0.4 to 10.
5. pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, and all have concave surface on upper surface and lower surface, wherein the approximate centre position of quasi-circular in described top view of the concave surface on the upper surface constitutes the lowermost portion of this concave surface;
Concave surface on the lower surface is constituting the highest part of this concave surface with corresponding lower surface central position, described approximate centre position; And
In the side-view in flattened oval shape height and the top view diameter ratio of quasi-circular be 0.1 to 0.9.
6. the pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements according to claim 5, wherein in described side-view in the distance of the above concave surface lowermost portion of a concave surface and upper surface and this side-view the highest part of concave surface on another concave surface and lower surface apart from sum and described top view in the diameter ratio of quasi-circular be 0.02 to 0.9.
7. according to claim 5 or the 6 described pre-type bodies that are used for the moulded optical glass elements, the diameter ratio of quasi-circular is 0.2 to 0.9 in the wall thickness of wherein pre-type body and the described top view, and this wall thickness is the distance of high part of the described concave surface on from the described concave surface lowermost portion on the concave surface to another concave surface in described side-view.
8. according to each described pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements in the claim 5 to 7, near the ratio of the radius-of-curvature the highest part of described concave surface near the radius-of-curvature the described concave surface lowermost portion in the wherein said side-view on concave surface and another concave surface is 0.1 to 10.
9. one kind by to carrying out the optical element that precision press-molding is made according to each described pre-type body in the claim 1 to 8.
10. pre-type body that is used for the moulded optical glass elements, it presents the quasi-circular with predetermined diameter in top view, and all has convex surface on upper surface and lower surface, wherein
Convex surface on upper surface approximate centre position of quasi-circular in described top view constitutes the highest part of this convex surface;
Convex surface on the lower surface is constituting the lowermost portion of this convex surface with corresponding lower surface central position, described approximate centre position; And
The diameter ratio of quasi-circular is 0.45 or lower in the wall thickness of this pre-type body and the top view, and this wall thickness is the distance of the convex surface lowermost portion on from the highest part of convex surface on the upper surface to lower surface in described side-view.
11. one kind by carrying out the optical element that precision press-molding is made to pre-type body according to claim 10.
CNA2005800424629A 2004-12-13 2005-12-09 Preform for optical element and optical element Pending CN101076501A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP359591/2004 2004-12-13
JP2004359591 2004-12-13
JP047276/2005 2005-02-23
JP187810/2005 2005-06-28

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109415236A (en) * 2016-08-01 2019-03-01 Hoya株式会社 The manufacturing method of compression molding glass blank and the optical element using the glass blank

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109415236A (en) * 2016-08-01 2019-03-01 Hoya株式会社 The manufacturing method of compression molding glass blank and the optical element using the glass blank
CN109415236B (en) * 2016-08-01 2022-08-09 Hoya株式会社 Glass material for press molding and method for producing optical element using same

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Application publication date: 20071121