CN101067104A - 一种从春砂仁中提取砂仁油树脂的方法 - Google Patents

一种从春砂仁中提取砂仁油树脂的方法 Download PDF

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CN101067104A
CN101067104A CN 200710028453 CN200710028453A CN101067104A CN 101067104 A CN101067104 A CN 101067104A CN 200710028453 CN200710028453 CN 200710028453 CN 200710028453 A CN200710028453 A CN 200710028453A CN 101067104 A CN101067104 A CN 101067104A
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amomum
oil resin
fructus amomi
extracting
ethanol
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樊亚鸣
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Guangdong Huixiangyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
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Guangzhou University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用乙醇作为萃取剂结合微波技术提取砂仁中的油树脂的方法,该方法不仅提取率高,油树脂的得率可达6~8.7%,且所得的油树脂纯度高,其中(±)-樟脑、乙酸冰片酯、R-丁香烯和冰片占总提取物中芳香成份的90%以上。

Description

一种从春砂仁中提取砂仁油树脂的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及从植物中提取脂肪的方法,具体是提取油树脂的方法。
背景技术
砂仁(Amomum villosmn Lour.),别名春砂仁,是姜科豆蔻属的果实,作为“四大南药”之一,在中医学上具有行气、止痛、健脾、消胀、安胎止呕的功能;作为芳香型食品原料,它既作为调味品香辛料,也用作保健食品。砂仁中富含单萜类及倍半萜类的芳香成分,其中乙酸冰片酯、(±)-樟脑及冰片为主要成分;R-丁香烯,古巴烯等芳香成分含量也较高,近60种可检测的芳香成分构成了砂仁独特的风味。
目前提取春砂仁有效成分的方法主要有以下三种:1、水汽蒸馏法:水汽蒸馏法因温度较高、时间较长而难于获得完整的芳香的成分,由于挥发性的限制,该法也不能收集较为完整的低极性成分;2、超临界萃取法:该方法虽然效果较好,但设备成本及操作成本较高,难于兼顾到萃取品质及经济效益两方面的因素;3、溶剂热萃取法:该方法在较低温度时难于溶出砂仁中的有效成分,而较高温度则使低沸点的成分散失。
《微波法萃取春砂仁中低极性油树脂的研究》一文公开了一种微波技术结合乙醚萃取春砂仁中油树脂的方法,该方法的工艺流程是:春砂仁→粉碎后过40目筛→加入乙醚浸泡10min→在CEM微波系统中加热萃取→冷却→收集提取液→乙醚提取完后,用40ml乙醚分两次洗渣,洗液与原来的提取液混合→浓缩→成品。该方法所得的提取物中低极性油树脂成分较全,主要含(.+-.)-樟脑、冰片和乙酸龙脑酯,但是油树脂的总得率不高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提高微波法萃取砂仁中油树脂的提取率。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是:
一种从砂仁中提取油树脂的方法,该方法由以下步骤组成:
(1)砂仁粉与3~5倍体积95%乙醇混合,浸泡10~20分钟;
(2)在温度为40~78℃.微波功率为100~300W的条件下用微波设备提取处理上述混合物8-13min,减压抽滤后收集滤液;
(3)取滤渣加3~5倍体积95%乙醇按步骤2提取,重复两次,合并滤液;
(4)将合并的滤液在0.09-0.01MPa下减压蒸馏浓缩至无溶剂流出,即可。
可用气相色谱-质谱鉴定本发明方法提取的油树脂中芳香物质的成分,具体方法为:
1、采用固相微萃取(SPME)顶空取样:选用PDMS纤维头(红色)。取本发明方法所得的油树脂适量,置于顶空瓶中用SPME器萃取。萃取温度:80℃;萃取时间:30min;解吸温度:220℃。
2、Voyager GC-MS联用仪分析条件:SPME热解吸分流进样,分流比80∶1;进样口温度220℃;DB-5石英毛细管柱(30m×0.25mmID×0.25mm);载气:氦气流速:1ml/min;升温程序:60℃保持2min,以2℃/min升至140℃,再以10℃/min升至180℃,再已20℃/min升至260℃。质谱条件:EI源,电子能量:70eV;检测电压380V;检测离子质量范围:m/Z19~450u;接口温度230℃;离子源温度220℃;谱库检索:NIST库。
采用上述方法对本发明方法所得的砂仁油树脂进行鉴定,其中(±)-樟脑的相对含量为45.66%~50.22%,乙酸冰片酯的相对含量为33.21%~36.12%,R-丁香烯的相对含量为3.45%~7.21%,冰片的相对含量为1.11%~3.11%,四种物质占总提取物中芳香成份的90%以上。
本发明利用微波作用的选择性、较低的提取温度及较短的提取时间,避免了砂仁粉中较多杂质的溶出,获得风味成份含量较高的产品,并有效地保存了其中的活性成分;同时选择乙醇为萃取溶剂,使油树脂的提取率大大提高,降低了提取的成本。本发明方法提取春砂仁油树脂的得率为6~8.7%,其中(±)-樟脑、乙酸冰片酯、R-丁香烯和冰片占总提取物中芳香成份的90%以上。
附图说明
图1为下述实施例1所得砂仁油树脂的芳香成份的气相色谱总离子流图。
具体实施方式
例1:
1、砂仁粉与4倍体积95%乙醇混合,浸泡15分钟;
2、在温度为60℃,微波功率为200W的条件下用动态微波设提取备处理上述混合物13min,减压抽滤后收集滤液;
3、取滤渣加4倍体积95%乙醇按步骤2提取,重复两次,合并滤液;
4、将合并的滤液在0.09MPa下减压蒸馏浓缩至无溶剂流出,即可。
以上方法提取砂仁油树脂的得率为8.2%。所得到的砂仁油树脂进一步采用气相色谱-质谱法分析其中的芳香成分,结果如图1所示,含量最高的前四个化合物依次为:保留时间在15.70的化合物为(±)-樟脑,相对含量达48.12%;保留时间在23.85的化合物为乙酸冰片酯,相对含量为36.12%;保留时间在31.26的化合物为R-丁香烯,相对含量为5.37%;保留时间在16.95的化合物为冰片,相对含量为1.84%。
例2:
1、砂仁粉与4倍体积95%乙醇混合,浸泡10分钟;
2、在温度为78℃,微波功率为300W的条件下用动态微波设提取备处理上述混合物8min,减压抽滤后收集滤液;
3、取滤渣加3倍体积95%乙醇按步骤2提取,重复两次,合并滤液;
4、将合并的滤液在0.01MPa下减压蒸馏浓缩至无溶剂流出,即可。
以上方法提取砂仁油树脂的得率为8.7%。所得到的砂仁油树脂进一步采用气相色谱-质谱分析,其中(±)-樟脑相对含量达50.22%,乙酸冰片酯相对含量为34.35%,R-丁香烯相对含量为3.45%,冰片相对含量为1.11%。
例3:
1、砂仁粉与5倍体积95%乙醇混合,浸泡20分钟;
2、在温度为40℃,微波功率为100W的条件下用动态微波设提取备处理上述混合物13min,减压抽滤后收集滤液;
3、取滤渣加5倍体积95%乙醇按步骤2提取,重复两次,合并滤液;
4、将合并的滤液在0.03MPa下减压蒸馏浓缩至无溶剂流出,即可。
以上方法提取砂仁油树脂的得率为6%。所得到的砂仁油树脂进一步采用气相色谱-质谱分析,其中(.±)-樟脑相对含量达45.66%,乙酸冰片酯相对含量为33.21%,R-丁香烯相对含量为7.21%,冰片相对含量为3.11%。

Claims (1)

1、一种从砂仁中提取砂仁油树脂的方法,该方法由以下步骤组成:
(1)砂仁粉与3~5倍体积95%乙醇混合,浸泡10~20分钟;
(2)在温度为40~78℃,微波功率为100~300W的条件下用微波设备提取处理上述混合物8-13min,减压抽滤后收集滤液;
(3)取滤渣加3~5倍体积95%乙醇按步骤2提取,重复两次,合并滤液;
(4)将合并的滤液在0.09-0.01MPa下减压蒸馏浓缩至无溶剂流出,即可。
CN 200710028453 2007-06-06 2007-06-06 一种从春砂仁中提取砂仁油树脂的方法 Pending CN101067104A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101818098A (zh) * 2010-04-21 2010-09-01 广东汇香源生物科技股份有限公司 一种微波辅助制备砂仁油树脂的方法
CN103169056A (zh) * 2013-04-12 2013-06-26 江西红歌食品有限公司 休闲食品的高纯度药源香辛料及其制备方法
CN112608795A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-04-06 福建中特药业有限公司 一种砂仁叶油以及水提-低温变压提取砂仁叶油的工艺方法
CN115336509A (zh) * 2022-10-19 2022-11-15 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 一种中低海拔提高砂仁挥发性油的栽培方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101818098A (zh) * 2010-04-21 2010-09-01 广东汇香源生物科技股份有限公司 一种微波辅助制备砂仁油树脂的方法
CN103169056A (zh) * 2013-04-12 2013-06-26 江西红歌食品有限公司 休闲食品的高纯度药源香辛料及其制备方法
CN112608795A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-04-06 福建中特药业有限公司 一种砂仁叶油以及水提-低温变压提取砂仁叶油的工艺方法
CN112608795B (zh) * 2020-11-26 2023-11-07 福建中特药业有限公司 一种砂仁叶油以及水提-低温变压提取砂仁叶油的工艺方法
CN115336509A (zh) * 2022-10-19 2022-11-15 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 一种中低海拔提高砂仁挥发性油的栽培方法

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