CN101064155A - Defect management method and disk drive using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and device for management of defects in a recording medium such as a DVD disc are disclosed. The present invention utilizes defect processing table to reduce the seek times of a pick-up head in obtaining replacement ECC blocks for defect ECC blocks in a user data area of the disc. The defect processing table is used to indicate a location to access replacement block for a defect block. Since the defect processing table (DPT) stores only the relevant information about the defect block and replacement block rather than the defect block or the replacement block per se, it only needs a very small memory space. The present invention also provides a DPT management unit to manage the contents of the DPT.

Description

The CD-ROM drive of defect management method and this method of use

[technical field]

The invention relates to and a kind ofly for example carry out the method for defect management in the CD, particularly about a kind of defect management method of the CD with defect processing tabular with have the CD-ROM drive of defect processing tabular in recording medium.

[background technology]

As shown in Figure 1, usually, a slice CD 10 (for example DVDRAM disc) is divided into Lead-In Area (LIA) 11, user data area 13 and leading-out zone (LOA) 15.In addition, before main spare area (PSA) 17, be formed with user data area 13, after user data area 13, be formed with supplementary spare area (SSA) 19.

Each recording defect (for example defective error correction block) for user data area all has a replacement corresponding with it (for example replacing error correction block) at spare area.In the example as shown in Figure 1, three defective error correction blocks 101,103,105 are arranged, three corresponding with aforementioned disadvantages error correction block 101,103,105 respectively replacement error correction blocks 111,113,115 are arranged 17 of main spare areas at user data area.

Fashionable when CD 10 is write, read/write head writes the first of the user data area of CD, then stops to write when recording the first defective error correction block 101, and this process is called as " record 1 ".Read/write head jumped to main spare area and write in order to replace the replacement error correction block 111 of defective error correction block 101 this moment, and this process is called as " record 2 ".The read/write head continuation writes at the second portion of the user data area 13 of defective error correction block 101 back then, then stops to write when recording the second defective error correction block 103, and this process is called as " record 3 ".Read/write head jumps to main spare area and writes in order to replace the replacement error correction block 113 of defective error correction block 103 then, and this process is called as " record 4 ".The read/write head continuation writes in the third part of the user data area 13 of defective error correction block 103 back then, then stops to write when recording the 3rd defective error correction block 105, and this process is called as record 5.Read/write head jumps to main spare area and writes in order to replace the replacement error correction block 115 of defective error correction block 105 then, and this process is called as " record 6 ".

Reach aforementioned describedly as shown in Figure 1, read/write head need constantly move around with at user data area and replace error correction block and write intact data.As shown in Figure 2, a kind of method that reduces read/write head search number of times is to set up a memory buffer 20.In the write operation process, when running into the defective error correction block, do not write the replacement error correction block immediately, but the data of defective error correction block temporarily are stored in the memory buffer.After whole write operation was finished, the data that will be stored in the defective error correction block in the memory buffer again write corresponding replacement error correction block in regular turn.Yet this method needs sizable memory size.

Therefore, necessaryly provide a kind of new technical scheme to overcome aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[summary of the invention]

Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of carrying out defect management in recording mediums such as for example DVD disc, it utilizes the defect processing tabular, takies less memory headroom and can reduce read/write head and obtain the replacement error correction block required search time corresponding with defective error correction block in the user data area.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of defect processing tabular, and it is arranged at computer-readable media for example in the impact damper.The defect processing tabular is used to indicate the access site of the replacement corresponding with defective.Writing or reading in the process, all relevant informations in the defective of user data area and the replacement corresponding with defective all are added in the defect processing tabular, so can obtain the replacement corresponding with defective simultaneously.Since store in the defect processing tabular (DPT) be with defective and with the relevant information of the corresponding replacement of defective, but not directly store the data of defective error correction block, so it only takies memory headroom seldom.The invention provides a kind of defect processing tabular administrative unit with the content in the managing defect processing tabular.This defect processing tabular has several clauses and subclauses, and each clauses and subclauses comprises the defective relevant information of a defective.In an embodiment of the present invention, this defect processing tabular comprises some row, and each clauses and subclauses is positioned at row.The defective relevant information comprises the information of indicating defective locations, the information of indication replacement position and the defective index that the indication defective is stored in position in this internal memory.

A further object of the present invention provides a kind of CD-ROM drive, and it comprises computer-readable media and the administrative unit with defect processing tabular, a kind of device with aforementioned disadvantages processing tabular and defect processing tabular administrative unit.

[description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is the simple common structure that shows existing CD.

Fig. 2 is simple a kind of processing existing method of the defective in the CD as shown in Figure 1 that shows.

Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram according to the defect handling method of CD of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the simple block schematic diagram that shows according to CD-ROM drive of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the simple synoptic diagram that shows according to defect processing tabular of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the simple structure that shows a CD, and defective in this CD and replace block are to adopt method of the present invention to handle in read operation.

Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 E shows the defect processing program in reading process according to one embodiment of present invention.

Fig. 8 is the simple structure that shows a CD, and defective in this CD and replace block are to adopt method of the present invention to handle in write operation.

Fig. 9 A to Fig. 9 F shows the defect processing program in ablation process according to one embodiment of present invention.

[embodiment]

See also Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, wherein Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the method for defective in the treatment in accordance with the present invention CD, and Fig. 4 is the block schematic diagram according to CD-ROM drive of the present invention.Structure at this CD shown in Fig. 3 is identical with the structure shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and wherein the components identical label is represented identical part.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, for the defective with very limited memory size management CD 10, CD-ROM drive of the present invention has a defect processing tabular (Defect Processing Table is hereinafter to be referred as DPT) impact damper 25, and DPT is arranged in this impact damper 25.This DPT also can be arranged in other computer-readable media.What comprise in this DPT is defective relevant information but not the content of defective error correction block reality.To describe this DPT in detail after a while.The present invention also provides a DPT administrative unit 30 to be stored in DPT in the DPT impact damper 25 with management.This DPT administrative unit 30 and DPT impact damper 25 can be considered as defect managing device together.This administrative unit 30 is access memory 40 or by connecting controller 50 access memory 40 of main frame 60 and CD 10 directly.As current existing operation, defective (for example defect block) is stored in the internal memory 40.It is pointed out that DPT impact damper 25 can be realized or be realized by the part of internal memory 40 by internal memory independently.

Among the embodiment as shown in Figure 3, in the first recording operation process " record 1 ", find three defect block 101,103,105.The defective relevant information relevant with these three defect block is recorded in the defect processing tabular of DPT impact damper 25.DPT administrative unit 30 is by according to being recorded in defective relevant information among the DPT with access defect block and replace block, and then obtains replace block 111,113,115 and replace defect block 101,103,105 with it.

Fig. 5 is the simple synoptic diagram according to defect processing tabular of the present invention.As shown in FIG., this defect processing tabular has some row, total n+1 row in the present embodiment.The defective relevant information corresponding with some defectives in the CD is called clauses and subclauses, and it is added in a certain row of defect processing tabular.That is to say that defective DT0 is capable to n to the 0th row that the defective relevant information clauses and subclauses of DTn are recorded in the defect processing tabular respectively.The defective relevant information comprises the necessary information relevant with defective at least.DPT administrative unit 30 is utilized the information processing defective that is recorded in the DPT.

In the present embodiment, this defective relevant information comprises the positional information of defective on the indication visit CD, and the indication visit is to the positional information of replacement that should defective and the positional information that the indication visit is stored in the defective in the internal memory 40.Specifically, indication connects and reaches that the positional information of defective is a defective addresses on the CD, for example defective TLSN value in read operation or the defective pid value in write operation.The positional information of the replacement of the corresponding defective of indication visit is to replace the address, for example replaces pid value.And the indication visit is stored in the defective index that the positional information of the defective in the internal memory 40 is the position of storage defective content in the indication internal memory.In the present embodiment, every row only need eight bytes, and wherein three bytes are used to store defective addresses, and three bytes are used for storing replaces the address, and remaining two bytes are used to store the defective index.Therefore, the memory headroom with hundreds of byte is just enough.On real the work, for the DVD disc, because each defective error correction block need take 32 kilobyte, comparatively speaking, directly storing defect block in the prior art in impact damper needs sizable storage volume.

In the above description, what write down among the DPT is the address of defective and replacement, yet the form that is recorded in the information among the DPT is not limited thereto.For example, also can be in DPT recording defect and replace it between relativeness but not write down its address.In addition, also can in DPT, write down out of Memory as required.

Hereinafter will narrate respectively the DPT administrative unit CD 10 read with write operation in the management DPT process.

What Fig. 6 showed is the structure of CD 10, and defective in reading process in this CD and replacement are to adopt method of the present invention to handle.The compact disk structure that shows among the structure of this CD shown in this figure and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is roughly the same, and wherein identical label is represented identical part among these figure.As previously mentioned, after the user data area 13 that reads CD 10 (this process in figure " process 1 " sign), find that the address is respectively three defect block 101,103,105 of the position of D1, D2, D3, it is the position of R1, R2, R3 with address in the zone 17 that its replace block 111,113,115 is recorded in active and standby respectively.DPT administrative unit 30 records aforementioned disadvantages block address D1, D2, D3, replace block address R1, R2, R3 and defect block index B1, B2, B3 among the DPT, will describe in detail below.

Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 E shows each step of the defect processing process in reading process according to one embodiment of present invention.In reading process, DPT processing unit 30 uses three INDEX MANAGEMENT DPT, in DPT with the defective relevant information of a certain defective for example defective addresses, replace the address and the defective index is stored in the same row of tabular.These three indexs are respectively the defective indexs, replace index and handle index.In read operation, defective index indication defect block read operation finishes, and replaces index indication replace block read operation and finishes, and handles index indication replace block transmission operation and finishes.

Shown in Fig. 7 A, after reading defect block 101,103,105 (" record 1 " among Fig. 6), DPT administrative unit 30 with the address of defect block, replace block and defective index record in DPT.The defective index B1 of the replacement address R1 of the defective addresses D1 of first defect block 101, replace block 111 and first defect block is recorded in the 0th row of DPT.The defective index B2 of the replacement address R2 of the defective addresses D2 of second defect block 103, replace block 113 and second defect block is recorded in the 1st row of DPT.The defective index B3 of the replacement address R3 of the defective addresses D3 of the 3rd defect block 105, replace block 115 and the 3rd defect block is recorded in the 2nd row of DPT.At this moment, owing to read defect block 101,103,105, the defective index points to the 3rd row of DPT, replaces index and handles the 0th row that index is all pointed to DPT.

The order that writes replace block is from the outside to the inboard, and the direction that reads is from the inboard to the outside.Before reading replace block, DPT administrative unit 30 is according to the order that reads replace block, i.e. R3, R2 among Fig. 7 B, the order of R1 rearrange orders of each row of DPT.

Shown in Fig. 7 C, (" record 2 " among Fig. 6) replaced pointer and pointed to the 3rd row after reading replace block 111,113,115.Can read and duplicate replace block 111,113,115 is stored in the defect block in the internal memory 40 with covering or as required it is read and be stored in other the internal memory.

Before the transmission flaws blocks of data, the DPT administrative unit is according to the order of defect block, i.e. the order of D1, D2, D3 rearranges orders of each row of DPT, shown in Fig. 7 D again.

Shown in Fig. 7 E, whenever for example corresponding with defect block replace block data are transmitted, handling index just increases by row, after three replace blocks transmission are finished, handles index and also points to the 3rd row, and the read operation management finishes.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 A to 9F the management process of the DPT administrative unit in the recording operation process is elaborated.In recording process, DPT administrative unit 30 is also used the defective index, is replaced three indexs such as index and processing index.Yet these indexs are different with the implication that the index in reading process is indicated.In recording operation, the indication of defective index writes the defect block EO, replaces the address that the replace block corresponding with defect block obtained in the index indication.Handle the index indication and write the replace block EO.

What Fig. 8 showed is the structure of a discs 80, and the structure of the CD 10 among its structure and Fig. 1 is roughly the same, and identical label is represented identical part among these figure.As shown in FIG., CD 80 has Lead-In Area 81, user data area 83 and leading-out zone 85.Before user data area and be respectively equipped with main spare area 87 and supplementary spare area 89 afterwards.In the present embodiment, in ablation process, find an old defect block 801 that has write down in the position of address D 1, the replace block 811 corresponding with this defect block 801 arranged at the location records of the address of main spare area 87 R1.After write operation (promptly " record 1 ") finishes,, find a new defect block 802 in the position of address D 2 to writing when verifying.Shown in Fig. 9 A, DPT administrative unit 30 is noted defective addresses D1, D2, replacement address R1 and defective index B1, B2.The defective index points to the 2nd row.Yet,, therefore replace index and point to the 1st row because the address of the replace block corresponding with the defect block of D2 position does not also obtain.Handle index and point to the 0th row.

The new replace block 812 that the defect block obtaining and find in proof procedure 802 is corresponding.The address that this replace block 812 is recorded in as shown in Figure 8 is the position of R2.DPT administrative unit 30 is obtained the address R2 of this replace block 812 and it is inserted DPT, shown in Fig. 9 B, replaces index this moment and also points to the 2nd row.

Similar with read operation, before the record replace block, the order of each row is to arrange according to the order (i.e. order from R2 to R1) of the replace block that will write down in the DPT, shown in Fig. 9 C.The operation (" record 2 " among Fig. 8) of writing down replace block 811 and 812 is to obtain the raw data that originally will be recorded in the defect block 801,802 according to defective index B1, B2 by DPT administrative unit 30, and directly this raw data is write replace block 811,812, do not need extra impact damper to store this raw data.

After replace block 811,812 is recorded, handles index and refer to carry out proving program at the 2nd row.If find replace block 812 defectiveness at address R2, shown in Fig. 9 D, the new row (as the row of the 2nd among this embodiment) that the DPT administrative unit writes DPT with genetic defects address D 2 and the corresponding defective index B2 of R2.The defective index points to the 3rd row.Replace index and handle index and still be maintained at the 2nd row.

Shown in Fig. 9 E, DPT administrative unit 30 repeat as the step among Fig. 9 B obtaining the address R3 of a new replace block 822, and this address R3 write the 2nd of DPT be listed as.Simultaneously, replace index and also point to the 3rd row.

If replace block 822 also is defective, then DPT administrative unit 30 will repeat the step of front to obtain the address R4 of a new replace block 832.Shown in Fig. 9 F, the defective relevant information comprises that defect block address D2, replace block address R4 and defective index B2 are recorded in the row of the 3rd among the DPT.As mentioned above, carry out proving program, if do not find extra defect block, then carry out and write replace block, this moment, DPT administrative unit 30 three employed indexs were all pointed to identical row, i.e. the 4th row as shown in Fig. 9 F.

As previously mentioned, reading or in the write operation process, when three pointers of DPT administrative unit 30 all pointed to the same delegation of DPT, then operating process was finished.

Claims (21)

1. compact disc defect management method, it comprises the steps:

When finding defective, the defective relevant information is added in the defect processing tabular; And

Handle defective according to the defective relevant information of adding in the defect processing tabular, in this defect processing tabular some clauses and subclauses are arranged, each clauses and subclauses comprises the relevant information of a defective.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises the positional information of the defective on the indication visit CD.

3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises that indication is recorded in the information of the position of the replacement in the CD, and this replacement is used to replace this defective.

4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: this defective is to be stored in the internal memory, this defective relevant information comprises the information that stores the position of defective in this internal memory of indication.

5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: this treatment step further comprises the replacement of visit defective, visit defective and with this this defective of replacements replacement.

6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: this treatment step also is included in before visit replaces, and comes packing defect to handle the clauses and subclauses of several defectives in the tabular according to the order of replacement that will be accessed in the CD.

7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: before this treatment step also is included in and replaces this defective with this replacement, come packing defect to handle the clauses and subclauses of several defectives in the tabular according to the order of defective that will be accessed in the CD.

8. computer-readable media that stores the compact disc defect process information, this computer-readable media comprises the defect processing tabular that is provided with some clauses and subclauses, each clauses and subclauses comprises and a defective relevant information that defective is relevant.

9. computer-readable media as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: this defective is to handle according to the defective relevant information in the defect processing tabular.

10. computer-readable media as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises the information of indication defective position in CD.

11. computer-readable media as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises that indication is recorded in the information of the position of the replacement in the CD, and this replacement is to be used to replace this defective.

12. computer-readable media as claimed in claim 8, wherein this defective is to be stored in the internal memory, and this defective relevant information comprises the information that stores the position of defective in this internal memory of indication.

13. a CD-ROM drive that is used for writable disc, this CD-ROM drive comprises:

Computer-readable media with defect processing tabular is added with the defective relevant information in this defect processing tabular;

Store the internal memory of defective; And

Defect processing tabular administrative unit, this defect processing tabular administrative unit are by visit is stored in the defective in the internal memory and visits the replacement that is stored in the CD and come managing defect according to the defective relevant information in this defect processing tabular.

14. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: it further comprises a controller, and wherein this defect processing tabular administrative unit is to obtain the defective that is stored in this internal memory via this internal memory of this controller access.

15. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises the information of indication defective position in CD.

16. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises that indication is recorded in the information of the position of the replacement in the CD, and this replacement is to be used to replace this defective.

17. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: this defective relevant information comprises the information that stores the position of defective in this internal memory of indication.

18. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: this defect processing tabular administrative unit is to come defect processing tabular in the supervisory computer readable media by index.

19. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 18, wherein this index comprises the defective index, replaces index and handles index.

20. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 19, wherein this defective index is that the defective EO is read in indication, and replacing index is to indicate to read the replacement operation end, and handling index is to replace to transmit to operate in the indication disk read operation to finish.

21. CD-ROM drive as claimed in claim 19, wherein, this defective index is that indication writes the defective EO, and replacing index is the position of indicating the replacement of obtaining defective, and handling pointer is to write replacement operation in the indication write operation to finish.

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