CN101063032A - A method for preparing carbon nanofluid - Google Patents
A method for preparing carbon nanofluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN101063032A CN101063032A CNA2006100903687A CN200610090368A CN101063032A CN 101063032 A CN101063032 A CN 101063032A CN A2006100903687 A CNA2006100903687 A CN A2006100903687A CN 200610090368 A CN200610090368 A CN 200610090368A CN 101063032 A CN101063032 A CN 101063032A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
- C01B32/174—Derivatisation; Solubilisation; Dispersion in solvents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/02—Single-walled nanotubes
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/04—Nanotubes with a specific amount of walls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/06—Multi-walled nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/20—Nanotubes characterized by their properties
- C01B2202/28—Solid content in solvents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits forming part of, or being attached to, the tank containing the body of fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
Abstract
The present invention provides a method for preparing a carbon nanofluid. The method includes providing a base fluid, providing a number of carbon nanotubes, combining the carbon nanotubes with the base fluid, dispersing the carbon nanotubes substantially evenly in the base fluid through a physical agitation operation, and cooling a system performing the physical agitation operation during the physical agitation operation. The present invention also provides a carbon nanofluid capable of serving as a heat transfer fluid. The carbon nanofluid includes about 99.8 to about 98% by volume of a base fluid, and from about 0.2 to about 2.0% by volume of functionalized carbon nanotubes substantially evenly-dispersed in the base fluid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the carbon nanotechnology, particularly preparation has the method for the carbon nanofluid that increases thermal conductivity.
Background technology
The thermal conductivity of heat-transfer fluid plays an important role in the exploitation of (comprising electronics, heating installation, ventilation installation, air-conditioning, freezing and transportation equipment) of energy efficient heat transfer device.It is essential that the exploitation of senior heat-transfer fluid is undoubtedly for the efficient heat transfer characteristic that improves known heat-transfer fluid.Low heat conductivity is the major limitation in the exploitation of required energy efficient heat-transfer fluid in many industrial application.
Authorize the United States Patent (USP) the 5th of Segal, 863, disclose a kind of gluey fluid No. 455, it has the metallics that is arranged in carrier fluid so that calutron insulate and cooling, and this calutron can produce heat because of adopting high current density to exchange (AC) voltage with height in calutron inside.In the liquid that is disclosed in No. the 6th, 221,275, the United States Patent (USP) that metal or metal oxide particle is suspended in authorize people such as Choi, also develop a kind of heat-transfer fluid of new classification.Produce above-mentioned these metals or metal oxide particle in a vacuum and make its dispersion, simultaneously above-mentioned these particles pass near the heated substrates, the film of this fluid.
Emerging carbon nanotechnology demonstrates in many engineering application facet promising.Recently generally proposing carbon nanotube is used as to have increases the stabilized nanoscale of thermal conductivity material.Yet carbon nanotube is firm, flexible, and stickiness is also very high.This makes that being difficult to make it to be distributed to equably thinks in the fluid that energy management provides heat transfer media efficiently.
Summary of the invention
One of the present invention example discloses a kind of method of preparation carbon nanofluid, and this carbon nanofluid has the thermal conductivity that has increased.This method comprises: base fluids is provided; Many carbon nanotubes are provided; Above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are combined with this base fluids; By the physical agitation operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; And the system that this physical agitation operating period is carried out this physical operations cooled off.
Another example of the present invention discloses the method that a kind of preparation can be taken on the fluid of heat transfer media.This method comprises: many functional groups are incorporated on the carbon nanotube so that functionalized carbon nano-tube to be provided; Base fluids is provided; Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids; By ultrasonic operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; Reach the system that carries out this ultrasonic operation during this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
In another example, the present invention discloses a kind of carbon nanofluid that can take on heat-transfer fluid.This carbon nanofluid comprises base fluids, and it accounts for about 99.8 to about 98% of volume; And be distributed to functionalized carbon nano-tube in this base fluids in fact equably, its account for volume about 0.2 to about 2.0%, wherein the thermal conductivity ratio of this carbon nanofluid does not have at least 1.3 times of the thermal conductivity height of the base fluids of carbon nanotube.
In another example, the present invention discloses a kind of carbon nanofluid, and its manufacturing course comprises: many functional groups are incorporated on the carbon nanotube so that functionalized carbon nano-tube to be provided; Base fluids is provided; Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids; By ultrasonic operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; Reach the system that carries out this ultrasonic operation during this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
Description of drawings
When and when reading with each annexed drawings, take off summary before can better understanding the present invention and above describe in detail.For reaching the present invention's illustration purpose, figure is painted with each preferable specific embodiment of existing genus in each accompanying drawing.Should be appreciated that so the accurately row that the present invention is not limited to be painted puts mode and equipment configuration.
In each accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of experimental installation that be used to produce functionalized carbon nano-tube of explanation according to one of the present invention specific embodiment;
The synoptic diagram of the ultrasonic homogenizer that Fig. 2 is provided with according to the two-tube heat exchange system of adjacency of another specific embodiment of the present invention for explanation; And
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of explanation according to the two-tube heat exchange system of another specific embodiment of the present invention.
The main element description of symbols
1 experimental installation
2 ultrasonic homogenizers
3 double pipe heat exchangers
4 cooling recirculation systems
10 beakers
11 return-flow systems
12 warm tables
20 ultrasonic probes
The 20a tip
21 power supply supplies
Pipe in 30
31 outer tubes
311 inlets
312 outlets
40 pipes
41 cooling tanks
Embodiment
Now will be in detail with reference to the specific embodiment of the invention, embodiment is illustrated among the accompanying drawing.Most its possibility will be according to the similar elements symbol to represent identical or similar parts in institute's drawings attached.
The present invention discloses a kind of method for preparing carbon nanofluid.This method comprises: base fluids is provided; Many carbon nanotubes are provided; Above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are combined with this base fluids; By the physical agitation operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; And this physical agitation operating period is carried out this physical agitation operated system cool off.
Above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes that disclosed among the present invention are at least a in single wall, double-walled and the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (it has a plurality of functional groups that introduce on it).
Therefore, term herein " functionalization " the expression surface that a plurality of functional groups is introduced into carbon nanomaterial by chemical modification (for example, acidic treatment) is with the thermal conductivity and the solubleness of carbon nanomaterial in increase water, the inorganic or organic solution.
In one of the present invention specific embodiment, (it comprises H by adopting acidic solution
2SO
4, HNO
3, HCl and CH
3At least a among the COOH) handle above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes and introduce each (it comprises COOH) among above-mentioned these functional groups.Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids and then it is distributed in this base fluids in fact equably by the physical agitation operation.In this physical agitation operating period, can apply cooling operation and cool off so that this physical agitation operating period is carried out this physical agitation operated system.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, (it comprises H by adopting acidic solution
2SO
4With HNO
3) handle above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes and above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes of surface modified or make its functionalization.Thereby the functional group that will comprise COOH is incorporated on the surface of carbon nanotube.Handle so that do not separate with functionalized carbon nano-tube and can be further purified functionalized carbon nano-tube by making functionalized carbon nano-tube stand high speed centrifugation in conjunction with acidic mixture.Then, the carbon nanotube of purifying is combined and makes with base fluids before it is distributed in the base fluids, adopt base fluids that carbon nanotube is cleaned.Functionalized carbon nano-tube combined with base fluids and then it is distributed in the base fluids by physical agitation operation (for example magnetic agitation or ultrasonic operation).Carrying out cooling operation cools off so that this physical agitation operating period is carried out this physical agitation operated system.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, (it comprises H by adopting acidic solution
2SO
4With HNO
3, ratio is about 3: 1) and handle above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes and above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes of surface modified or make its functionalization.Handle so that do not separate with functionalized carbon nano-tube and can be further purified functionalized carbon nano-tube by making functionalized carbon nano-tube stand high speed centrifugation in conjunction with acidic mixture.Then, the carbon nanotube of purifying is combined and makes with base fluids before it is distributed in the base fluids, adopt base fluids that carbon nanotube is cleaned.Then the carbon nanotube of purifying combines with this base fluids and by ultrasonic operation it is distributed in this base fluids.During ultrasonic operation, can apply cooling operation so that the system that carries out this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.According to an example, can use ultrasonic homogenizer to carry out this ultrasonic operation, this ultrasonic homogenizer is provided with in abutting connection with this ultrasonic homogenizer, be used to cool off the cooling system of this ultrasonic homogenizer.
Although make functionalization by acidic solution in the above-mentioned specific embodiment, it should be noted that to the invention is not restricted to use this particular technology to make above-mentioned these functionalization.Can adopt other surface modification technology and the functional group is added or be incorporated on the carbon nanotube.
The present invention also discloses the method that a kind of preparation can be taken on the fluid of heat transfer media.The step of this method comprises: many functional groups are incorporated on the carbon nanotube so that functionalized carbon nano-tube to be provided; Base fluids is provided; Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids; By ultrasonic operation above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; Reach the system that carries out this ultrasonic operation during this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
Similarly, (it comprises H by adopting acidic mixture
2SO
4With HNO
3, ratio is about 3: 1) handle above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes and make above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes (for example, single wall, double-walled or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes) functionalization.Handle so that do not separate with functionalized carbon nano-tube and can be further purified functionalized carbon nano-tube by high speed centrifugation in conjunction with acidic mixture.Then, the carbon nanotube of purifying is combined and makes with base fluids before it is distributed in the base fluids, can be cleaned it.The carbon nanotube of purifying combines with this base fluids and by ultrasonic operation it is distributed in this base fluids in fact equably then.During ultrasonic operation, apply cooling operation so that the system that carries out this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
In a preferred embodiment, (it comprises H by adopt acidic mixture in experimental installation shown in Figure 1
2SO
4With HNO
3, ratio is about 3: 1) handled and the functional group is incorporated on the carbon nanotube.This experimental installation 1 comprises beaker 10, is connected to the return-flow system 11 and the warm table 12 of this beaker 10.Above warm table 12, the mixture heating up in the beaker 10 is also stirred.To boiling point and when vaporization, return-flow system 11 makes bog condense into drop and makes its reverse recirculation in beaker 10 with liquid heat.Then, but handle not make by high speed centrifugation and separate the purifying functionalized carbon nano-tube with functionalized carbon nano-tube in conjunction with acidic mixture.The carbon nanotube of purifying is combined and makes with base fluids before it is distributed in the base fluids, adopt base fluids that carbon nanotube is cleaned.
Use is carried out this ultrasonic operation in abutting connection with the ultrasonic homogenizer 2 that double pipe heat exchanger 3 is provided with, this heat exchanger 3 can make heat that ultrasonic homogenizer 2 produced effectively dissipation so that the base fluids cooling.With reference to figure 2, ultrasonic homogenizer 2 comprises ultrasonic probe 20 and power supply supply 21, and it is connected to this ultrasonic probe 20, is used to supply ultrasonic operation required power supply.The mode that is impregnated in the base fluids with the most advanced and sophisticated 20a of ultrasonic probe 20 is provided with ultrasonic probe 20 to realize disperseing purpose.Double pipe heat exchanger 3 has the outer tube 31 that reaches around interior pipe 30 in the interior pipe 30 that wherein receives base fluids.Adopt fluid filled outer tube 31 so that the thermal dispersion that ultrasonic probe 20 is produced or walked its year.As shown in Figure 2, outer tube 31 has inlet 311 that is arranged at bottom place and the outlet 312 that is arranged at top end, so fluid can enter outer tube 31 and leaves so that ultrasonic homogenizer 2 coolings via outlet 312 via inlet 311.Therefore, can be because of superpower makes the ultrasonic probe 20 overheated ultrasonic operation of interrupting for ultrasonic probe 20 applies in fact during cycle time.This guarantees that constant superpower output during the ultrasonic operation is to realize the optimum dispersion effect.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this cooling system comprises double pipe heat exchanger 3 shown in Figure 2 and cooling recirculation system 4.With reference to figure 3 so that the fluid that flows out outer tube 31 via pipe 40 reverse recirculation to outer tube 31 so that the mode of thermal dispersion is connected to cooling recirculation system 4 with double pipe heat exchanger 3.And can make pipe 40 be connected to cooling tank 41 is used for making before fluid oppositely is back to outside the double pipe heat exchanger 3 pipe 31 fluid of pipe 40 further to cool off.Therefore, can make the recirculation of fluid high-effective ground so that the thermal dispersion of ultrasonic homogenizer or make its cooling by cooling system shown in Figure 3, and can in cooling system, not waste too many fluid.Therefore, can reduce the total cost of preparation nano-fluid effectively.
The cooling system that it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to specific device or means described in the above specific embodiment.For example, haveing the knack of the hot swapping personage can or improve to realize similar cooling effect on ultrasonic probe and ultrasonic homogenizer this cooling system correct.
According to above-mentioned preparation method, the present invention further discloses a kind of carbon nanofluid that can take on heat-transfer fluid.This carbon nanofluid comprises base fluids, and it accounts for about 99.8 to about 98% of volume; And be distributed to functionalized carbon nano-tube in this base fluids in fact equably, its account for volume about 0.2 to about 2.0%, wherein the thermal conductivity ratio of this carbon nanofluid does not have at least 1.3 times of the thermal conductivity height of the base fluids of carbon nanotube.
The present invention further discloses a kind of carbon nanofluid, and its manufacturing course comprises: many functional groups are incorporated on the carbon nanotube so that functionalized carbon nano-tube to be provided; Base fluids is provided; Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids; By ultrasonic operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; Reach the system that carries out this ultrasonic operation during this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
According to the present invention, this base fluids includes but not limited to organic solvent, inorganic solvent and the aqueous solution, and it has and is scattered in carbon nanotube wherein in fact equably and is used to take on the heat transfer media.Decide on practical application, this base fluids is at least a in ethylene glycol, water and the oil.Adopt carbon nanofluid that tensio-active agent or dispersion agent mixed and preparation method thereof though the present invention also comprises, more preferably prepare fluid mixture or carbon nanofluid in the mode of not adding tensio-active agent or dispersion agent (it can encapsulate or be coated with carbon nanotube and hide or reduce its high thermal conductivity).
Illustrate in greater detail the present invention referring now to following specific non-limiting example.
The preparation of carbon nanofluid
(the Nanotech Port Co. of China Shenzhen) provides single wall, double-walled or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes in commercially available mode and can buy this type of carbon nanotube of powder type.(it comprises H by adopt acidic solution in experimental installation shown in Figure 1
2SO
4With HNO
3, ratio is about 3: 1) handled and made above-mentioned these functionalization or its finishing in addition.Then, handle not make by high speed centrifugation and separate to come the purifying functionalized carbon nano-tube in conjunction with acidic solution and functionalized carbon nano-tube.Make before purifying carbon nano-tube has been distributed in the base fluids by ultrasonic wave, adopt working fluid to clean above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes.
Exist cooling system (for example, double pipe heat exchanger shown in Figure 3 under) the situation, to use ultrasonic homogenizer to carry out the ultrasonic wave program, the thermal dispersion that this cooling system can make the ultrasonic wave program be produced.Therefore, along with by the ultrasonic wave program carbon nanotube being distributed in the base fluids, the heat that ultrasonic probe is produced flows through outer tube moment dissipation because of fluid.Even be about 300 to 600W the superpower of ultrasonic probe supply in cycle time during ultrasonic operation, this also can guarantee the stable operation of ultrasonic homogenizer.Therefore, during ultrasonic operation, can supply constant in fact superpower output so that carbon nanotube be distributed in the base fluids in fact equably.
Thermal conductivity is measured
Adopt described specially designed equipment that is subjected to computer control such as (Lee people, heat transfer periodical, the 121st volume, the 280th page (1999)) to measure the thermal conductivity (k) of carbon nanofluid.At room temperature, thermal conductivity is measured as the function of nanotube volume fraction.In order to measure thermal conductivity, carbon nanofluid is filled in vertical, the round tube type Glass Containers of transient heat wire system.Diameter is that 19mm and length are 240mm within the long Glass Containers.In the transient heat wire system, be that the platinum line of about 76.2 μ m is impregnated in the carbon nanofluid with diameter.The platinum line is used as simultaneously the well heater and the resistance thermometer of carbon nanofluid.Platinum line surface coated has thin electrical insulation epoxy resin to prevent the short circuit of platinum line.Obtain the temperature variation of platinum line by resistance variation in time.Therefore, can estimate thermal conductivity by Fourier's law.The time response of the thermal conductivity of carbon nanofluid and platinum line is inversely proportional to the slope of temperature.At room temperature, use deionized water and ethylene glycol to calibrate the transient heat wire system.The uncertainty of measuring is less than 2%.
Example 1: nano-fluid A (carbon nanotube/ethylene glycol)
By being distributed to, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes prepares nano-fluid A in the ethylene glycol.Nano-fluid A is not added tensio-active agent.By under the 600W, continue about one hour ultrasonic operation and combine and make it to be distributed in the ethylene glycol with ethylene glycol carbon nanotube.During ultrasonic operation, use double pipe heat exchanger shown in Figure 2 to apply cooling operation during the performed ultrasonic operation of ultrasonic homogenizer, nano-fluid A is cooled off.
Then, as mentioned above nano-fluid A being carried out thermal conductivity measures.As the tabulation of following table 1, with the liquid phase ratio that only comprises ethylene glycol, volume fraction is that the thermal conductivity (adopting the k value representation) of the carbon nanotube/glycolic suspension of 0.01 (1vol.%) has increased by 12.4%.Therefore, can cause the thermal conductivity of base fluids to increase greatly according to institute of the present invention dispersive small amount of carbon nanotube.
Table 1
| Carbon nanotube/ethylene glycol | |
| Volume % | The k value increases (%) |
| 0.2 | 1.6 |
| 0.4 | 3.6 |
| 0.5 | 7.6 |
| 1.0 | 12.4 |
Example 2: nano-fluid B (carbon nanotube/water)
By being distributed to, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes prepares nano-fluid B in the water.Nano-fluid B is not added tensio-active agent.By under 600W, continue about one hour ultrasonic operation and combine and make it to be distributed in the water with water carbon nanotube.During ultrasonic operation, use double pipe heat exchanger shown in Figure 2 to apply cooling operation during the performed ultrasonic operation of ultrasonic homogenizer, nano-fluid B is cooled off.
Then, as mentioned above nano-fluid B being carried out thermal conductivity measures.As the tabulation of following table 2, with the liquid phase ratio that only comprises water, volume fraction is that the thermal conductivity of the carbon nanotube/aqeous suspension of 0.015 (1.5vol.%) has increased by 17.8%.Therefore, can cause the thermal conductivity of working fluid to increase greatly according to institute of the present invention dispersive small amount of carbon nanotube.
Table 2
| Carbon nanotube/water | |
| Volume % | The k value increases (%) |
| 0.25 | 2.6 |
| 1.0 | 9.5 |
| 1.5 | 17.8 |
Example 3: nano-fluid C (carbon nanotube/synthetic motor oil)
By being distributed to, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes prepares nano-fluid C in the synthetic motor oil.For nano-fluid C adds N hydroxyl amber sulphur imido (NHS).By under 600W, continue about one hour ultrasonic operation and combine and make it to be distributed in the synthetic motor oil with synthetic motor oil carbon nanotube.During ultrasonic operation, use double pipe heat exchanger shown in Figure 2 to apply cooling operation during the performed ultrasonic operation of ultrasonic homogenizer, nano-fluid C is cooled off.
Then, as mentioned above nano-fluid C being carried out thermal conductivity measures.As the tabulation of following table 3, with the liquid phase ratio that only comprises oil, volume fraction is that the thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube/synthetic motor oil suspension of 0.02 (2.0vol.%) has increased by 30.3%.Therefore, can cause the thermal conductivity of working fluid to increase greatly according to institute of the present invention dispersive small amount of carbon nanotube.
Table 3
| Carbon nanotube/synthetic motor oil | |
| Volume % | The k value increases (%) |
| 1.0 | 8.5 |
| 2.0 | 30.3 |
Although the specific embodiment above having discussed, but the person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, with regard to carbon nanofluid described in the present invention and preparation method, whether other base fluids (no matter above-mentioned these base fluids functionalization) that wherein is dispersed with carbon nanomaterial also belongs in the present invention's the category.Other specific embodiment that the person of ordinary skill in the field can understand the present invention by the explanation and the enforcement of present invention disclosed herein.Wish to illustrate and example is only regarded as exemplary and by hereinafter claim indication the present invention's true spirit and spirit.
The person of ordinary skill in the field should promptly understand and can change above-mentioned every specific embodiment, and unlikely inventive concepts departing from its broad sense.Therefore, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the certain specific embodiments of originally taking off, and be to contain ownership to carry spirit of the present invention and the interior modification of scope that each claim defined as the back.
Claims (15)
1. method for preparing carbon nanofluid is characterized in that this method comprises:
Base fluids is provided;
Many carbon nanotubes are provided;
Above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are combined with this base fluids; And
By the physical agitation operation carbon nanotube is distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; And
This physical agitation operating period is carried out this physical agitation operated system cools off.
2. the method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this physical agitation comprises ultrasonic wave.
3. the method according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are at least a in single wall, double-walled and the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, and above-mentioned these single walls, double-walled and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes have a plurality of functional groups that introduce on it.
4. the method according to claim 3 is characterized in that among above-mentioned these functional groups each comprises COOH.
5. the method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this base fluids is at least a in ethylene glycol, water and the oil.
6. method for preparing the fluid that can take on the heat transfer media is characterized in that this method comprises:
Many functional groups are incorporated on the carbon nanotube so that functionalized carbon nano-tube to be provided;
Base fluids is provided;
Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids; And
By ultrasonic operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; And
The system that carries out this ultrasonic operation during this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
7. the method according to claim 6 is characterized in that introducing above-mentioned these functional groups and comprises to adopt and comprise H
2SO
4With NHO
3Acidic solution handled H
2SO
4With NHO
3Ratio be about 3: 1.
8. the method according to claim 7 is characterized in that it further is included in above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes with before this base fluids combines, and handles above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes of purifying by high speed centrifugation.
9. described according to Claim 8 method is characterized in that above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are that single wall, double-walled and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes are wherein at least a.
10. described according to Claim 8 method is characterized in that among above-mentioned these functional groups each comprises COOH.
11. described according to Claim 8 method is characterized in that this base fluids is at least a in ethylene glycol, oil and the water.
12. the carbon nanofluid that can take on heat-transfer fluid is characterized in that this carbon nanofluid comprises:
(a) base fluids, it accounts for about 99.8 to about 98% of volume; And
(b) functionalized carbon nano-tube, its account for volume about 0.2 to about 2.0%, be scattered in fact equably in this base fluids, wherein the thermal conductivity ratio of this carbon nanofluid does not have at least 1.3 times of the thermal conductivity height of the base fluids of carbon nanotube.
13. the carbon nanofluid according to claim 12, it is characterized in that above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are at least a in single wall, double-walled and the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes, above-mentioned these single walls, double-walled and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes have the many functional groups that introduce on it.
14. the carbon nanofluid according to claim 12 is characterized in that this base fluids is at least a in ethylene glycol, water and the oil.
15. a carbon nanofluid is characterized in that its manufacturing course comprises:
Many functional groups are incorporated on the carbon nanotube so that functionalized carbon nano-tube to be provided;
Base fluids is provided;
Above-mentioned these functionalized carbon nano-tubes are combined with this base fluids; And
By ultrasonic operation above-mentioned these carbon nanotubes are distributed in this base fluids in fact equably; And
The system that carries out this ultrasonic operation during this ultrasonic operation is cooled off.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/380,668 US20070253888A1 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | A method for preparing carbon nanofluid |
| US11/380,668 | 2006-04-28 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101063032A true CN101063032A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006100903687A Pending CN101063032A (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2006-07-03 | A method for preparing carbon nanofluid |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070253888A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007297261A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101063032A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW200740691A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101407634B (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2011-05-18 | 上海第二工业大学 | Preparation of silicon oil-based carbonaceous nano-tube nano-fluid |
| CN102924751A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-02-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method for nanocarbon fluid |
| CN103468227A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2013-12-25 | 谭光世 | Carbon nanotube water-free cooling liquid |
| CN111073608A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 陶普斯化学科技(北京)有限公司 | Environment-friendly heat transfer medium and preparation method thereof |
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| US7871533B1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2011-01-18 | South Dakota School Of Mines And Technology | Carbon nanoparticle-containing nanofluid |
| US9574155B2 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2017-02-21 | Nanotech Lubricants, LLC | Lubricant with nanodiamonds and method of making the same |
| WO2010016907A2 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-11 | Northwestern University | Methods for sorting nanotubes by wall number |
| WO2010146169A2 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-23 | Corus Technology Bv | A process of direct low-temperature growth of carbon nanotubes (cnt) and fibers (cnf) on a steel strip |
| JP5577067B2 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2014-08-20 | シーシーアイ株式会社 | Heat transport medium composition |
| US20110220840A1 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2011-09-15 | Jorge Alvarado | Fluid Viscosity and Heat Transfer Via Optimized Energizing of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Fluids |
| US8835363B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2014-09-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Drilling, drill-in and completion fluids containing nanoparticles for use in oil and gas field applications and methods related thereto |
| RU2494961C2 (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2013-10-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НаноТехЦентр" | Dispersion of carbon nanotubes |
| CN102689893A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-26 | 上海上大瑞沪微系统集成技术有限公司 | Mass carbon nano-tube surface modification method |
| CN104497990A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 上海应用技术学院 | Graphene oxide nano fluid heat-transfer working medium for solar water heaters and preparation method thereof |
| US10305153B2 (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2019-05-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Micro heat exchangers and methods for use in thermal management of transportation vehicle batteries |
| WO2017048711A1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Heat transfer fluid comprising functionalized carbon nanomaterial and method of making it |
| KR101826558B1 (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2018-02-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Graphene oxide-nano diamond complex, method of manufacturing the same, and nano fluid comprising the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5863455A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-01-26 | Abb Power T&D Company Inc. | Colloidal insulating and cooling fluid |
| US6221275B1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2001-04-24 | University Of Chicago | Enhanced heat transfer using nanofluids |
| US6783746B1 (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2004-08-31 | Ashland, Inc. | Preparation of stable nanotube dispersions in liquids |
| EP1373430A4 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2007-04-25 | Mat & Electrochem Res Corp | Nano carbon materials for enhancing thermal transfer in fluids |
| MXPA06006805A (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2006-12-19 | Olga Matarredona | Carbon nanotube pastes and methods of use. |
| JP2005219964A (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-18 | Teijin Ltd | Method for treating single-wall carbon nanotube, method for producing dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotube, obtained single-wall carbon nanotube, and dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotube |
| JP2005263608A (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2005-09-29 | Kao Corp | Aqueous dispersant for carbon nanotube |
-
2006
- 2006-04-28 US US11/380,668 patent/US20070253888A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-06-13 TW TW095121092A patent/TW200740691A/en unknown
- 2006-07-03 CN CNA2006100903687A patent/CN101063032A/en active Pending
- 2006-10-11 JP JP2006277651A patent/JP2007297261A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101407634B (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2011-05-18 | 上海第二工业大学 | Preparation of silicon oil-based carbonaceous nano-tube nano-fluid |
| CN102924751A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-02-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method for nanocarbon fluid |
| CN103468227A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2013-12-25 | 谭光世 | Carbon nanotube water-free cooling liquid |
| CN111073608A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 陶普斯化学科技(北京)有限公司 | Environment-friendly heat transfer medium and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007297261A (en) | 2007-11-15 |
| TW200740691A (en) | 2007-11-01 |
| US20070253888A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
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