The objective of the invention is to design a kind of computer fuel charger with screw propeller flow meter.Compare with existing fuel charger, this fuel charger does not have easy-abrasion part, and to have a Fuel-filling metering more accurate, and flow is bigger, and such environmental effects is little, and reliability is higher, and cost of goods manifactured is lower, and user's maintenance cost is lower relatively.
Another object of the present invention is the flow rate calculation method that proposes this screw propeller flow meter, and it is simple that it has a method of calculating, and intelligent error compensation is measured accurate characteristics.
Design-calculated fuel charger of the present invention, oil pump and oil separator, screw propeller flow meter (1), each mechanical part of electromagnetic valve and oil gun connects into the fluid path, and the parts and the microcomputer system that respectively contain electric function are connected into electronic information and control channel; With the microcomputer system is information processing centre (IPC), gathers the metrical information of user command information and oil gun switch and screw propeller flow meter (1) in real time, and oil pump and electromagnetic valve are carried out switch control, and the corresponding related data that demonstrates volume read-out and expense.It is characterized in that: on the bearing seat (5) of admittance pipe (3) the inside of screw propeller flow meter (1) axle (4) is installed, on the axle blade (6) is arranged, signal identification (7) is arranged on a slice blade wherein, signal identification can be aimed at 4 place's signal vias (8) on admittance pipe (3) wall respectively when rotating, the sensing head of 4 information sensors (2) is registration signal guide hole (8) fixed installation respectively separately, and the mouth of every information sensor (2) links to each other with the microcomputer system interface; Admittance pipe (3) embedded glass pipe (9) is to guarantee the electro-optical signal transmission, and seal ring (10) is equipped with at the glass tube two ends, and admittance pipe (3) adopts the screw buckle mode to be connected with siphunculus termination (11).
Signal identification (7) in flow counter (1) can be a reflector, works in the refraction of light mode, also can be anti-dazzle device with the work of light isolation method, can also be permanent magnet, work in emission magnetic signal mode.Fuel liquid in admittance pipe (3) is when mobile, promote propeller-driven signal identification (7) rotation, signal identification can be luminous indirectly or be directly sent magnetic signal, the signal that makes outer light of admittance pipe or magnetic information sensor (2) receive signal identification (7), light or magnetic signal that sensor (2) will identify (7) convert the electric signal synchronous transmission to microcomputer system, and level signal is overturn once as a metrical pulse.
Under the refraction of light pattern: a photoemitter (13) element D and an optical receiver (14) end instr Q are housed in every information sensor (2), and two element head are towards the outside; Photoemitter under the normality (13) element D is by signal vias (8) emission electric light, when reflector identifies (7) simultaneously near these two element head, under photorefractive effect, receptor (14) light sensor Q is subjected to the control action of light, is in conducting state; When reflector sign (7) when leaving, Q is in off-state.
Power supply VCC connecting resistance R in the circuit
0~4An end, resistance R
0Another termination photoemitter D
1~4Anode; Resistance R
1~4The other end and optical receiver end instr Q
1~4Collecting electrode, reverse driven U
1~4Input end corresponding separately and connect; Photoemitter D
1~4Negative electrode and light sensor Q
1~4Emitter and connect public ground; Reverse driven U
1~4Mouth be connected to the data-interface of micro computer CPU.
Circuit is identical with the refraction of light pattern under the light isolation mode of operation, the sensitivity that next photoemitter of normality (13) element D directly aims at another receptor (14) end instr Q by flashlight guide hole (8) emitting head receives the head fixed installation, concurrent radio light makes its conducting, and anti-dazzle device sign (7) is controlled the on off state of optical sensor with covering or relieving mode.When fluid promotes Waterwheel-type leaf oar (12) rotation, drive sign (7) and make circular movement, when sign (7) covers the place's signal vias (8) among its four couple, the photosignal that the projector of this position (13) sends is radiated at sign (7) surface, light is interdicted, make the pairing receptor in this position (14) end instr not receive then sensor output low level signal of optical signal by Enough, when sign (7) is removed signal vias (8), the sensor output high level signal of this position.
Under the emission magnetic signal mode of operation: in the information sensor (2), sign (7) is a permanent magnet; Power supply VCC connecting resistance R in the circuit
1~4An end, resistance R
1~4The other end and magnet-sensitive element QM
1~4Collecting electrode, reverse driven U
1~4Input end corresponding separately and connect; Magnet-sensitive element QM
1~4Emitter connect public ground, reverse driven U
1~4Mouth be connected to the data-interface of micro computer CPU; When fluid promotes the screw propeller rotation, the sign (7) that drives magnetic information is made circular movement along 4 place's magnetic information guide holes (8), when magnetic information sign (7) with its one of in four during the quadrature closest range of magnetic information guide hole (8) position, under the magnetic line of force effect, make the magnet-sensitive element of this position can receive magnetic information, sensor output high level signal; When magnetic information sign (7) is removed magnetic information guide hole (8), the sensor output low level signal of this position.
The screw propeller flow meter flow rate calculation method that the present invention proposes comprises computing formula and pulse equivalency parameter list and using method.
Computing formula is the core constant parameter with the pulse equivalency, and pulse number is a variable, by formula: V=∑ Kp calculated flow rate; Wherein, V: flow volume, K: pulse equivalency parameter, p: metrical pulse number.
Determining of pulse equivalency parameter K: fuel charger injects oil plant and the pulse count sent of recorded information sensor (2) simultaneously to a graduated cylinder that meets national metering device technical standard; when reaching graduated cylinder sampling unit volume, oil plant shuts down; accurately measure the volume liter data of graduated cylinder sampling; divided by the pulse cumulative total, the gained quotient is the equivalent parameter K again.
Set up the pulse equivalency parameter list: with national measurement standard graduated cylinder is measurer, be divided into seven zones by the terrestrial latitude symmetry, classify by each regional height above sea level (high, medium and low) barometric pressure and seasonal ambient temperature (high, medium and low) feature, the oiling working environment of simulation fuel charger is done the sampling test of nine standard pulse equivalent parameters at each zone; Totally 63 representative pulse equivalency parameter K are formed a pulse equivalency parameter list like this, are stored in the fuel charger computer program.Fuel charger is set up a zone and elevational position heading code by the region, according to position code and the current date that characterizes the seasonal temperature rule, select wherein can represent a K parameter of environmental characteristic to participate in calculating during the computer program calculated flow rate with the mode of sitting in the right seat.
Design-calculated fuel charger of the present invention, no easy-abrasion part, software metering is more accurate, flow is bigger, and whole aircraft reliability is higher, and the machine volume can be littler, produce assembly technology and obtain simplifying, the machine product system is reached simplify most, every single rifle fuel charger cost can reduce about thousand yuans.
The flow rate calculation method of this screw propeller flow meter that the present invention proposes, formula is simple, the canonical parameter that participates in calculating all obtains from the accurate measurement of reality, adopt intelligent parameter look-up table to eliminate metering error greatly, software computation of table lookup method can greatly be approached and be measured the result accurately.
Further specify enforcement of the present invention and effect with following indefiniteness embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a system chart.Design-calculated fuel charger of the present invention, its machine system structure and existing just the same; Oil pump and oil separator, flow counter (1), each mechanical part of electromagnetic valve and oil gun connects into the fluid path, respectively contains electronics or electric parts and microcomputer system is connected into electronic information and control channel; With the microcomputer system is information processing centre (IPC), gathers the information of user profile and oil gun and screw propeller flow meter (1) in real time, and oil pump and electromagnetic valve are carried out switch control, and the corresponding related data of refueling with expense that demonstrates.
Its difference is to have replaced displacement machine flow counter existing on the market with screw propeller flow meter (1), Fuel-filling metering is more accurate, the flow counter cost can reduce by 600 yuans at least, add subsidiary complex optimum factor, the overall system cost can reduce nearly 1,000 yuan Renminbi, productive costs at the fuel charger complete machine reduces simultaneously greatly, and reliability but can be greatly improved.And the operation of machine and use and existing method are identical.
Fig. 2 is a screw propeller flow meter External view.As shown in the figure, screw propeller flow meter (1) is the cylindrical channel that 4 information sensors (2) externally are installed, and can see the screw blade of the inside from two ends.
Fig. 3 is a screw propeller flow meter cutaway view.As shown in the figure, be equipped with on the bearing seat (5) one (4) the admittance pipe (3) of screw propeller flow meter (1) the inside, on the axle six blades (6) is arranged, and reflecting marking (7) is arranged on a slice blade wherein, and sign is in order to the rotary state information of expression blade.For reaching blade is rotated the purpose that 90 ° status information is converted to computer telecommunication number, be identified at the 4 place's optical signal guide holes (8) that to aim at respectively when rotating on admittance pipe (3) the wall circumference, the sensing head of 4 information sensors (2) is registration signal guide hole (8) fixed installation respectively separately, admittance pipe (3) embedded glass pipe (9) is to guarantee the electro-optical signal transmission, seal ring (10) is equipped with at the glass tube two ends, and admittance pipe (3) adopts the screw buckle mode to be connected with siphunculus termination (11).
The rest may be inferred by analogy, if in order to reach blade is rotated the purpose that 60 ° status information is converted to computer telecommunication number, then signal vias (8) must be increased to 6 places.
Fig. 4 is a screw propeller flow meter structural principle scheme drawing; A is a structural representation, and it is that screw propeller is equipped with in an inside, and message identification (7) wherein is housed on a slice blade, and liquid can advance another from an end and bring out, and light (or magnetic) signal transducer is equipped with in the fluid passage of one in the outside.Its structure is very simple, does not also have special processing request.B is screw propeller and sensor station scheme drawing, can see message identification (7) just with the sensing head of an information sensor (2) near aiming at.C be reflector as the message identification scheme drawing, light is received by photoreceiver, d be permanent magnet as the message identification scheme drawing, near under the condition of magnetic sensing head, the magnetosensitive device in the information sensor receives magnetic signal in permanent magnet sign.
The principle of work of screw propeller flow meter is, utilize the pressure effect of oil pump, blade is subjected to the promotion of oil liquid pressure, in the process that rotatablely moves, the drive signal identification rotates, signal identification passes to information sensor (2) to light or magnetic signal, is converted to level signal by information sensor (2) and is transported to microcomputer system, and level signal is overturn once as a metrical pulse.
Screw propeller is the movable parts of flow counter, and the axle of screw propeller is fixed on the bearing that has ball, and it is minimum to rotate flexible friction coefficient, is guarantee with existing lubrication technology, does not exist the influence and the mechanical movement that are subjected to ambient temperature substantially and weares and teares.Can guarantee that long-term work does not damage, the daily attention cost of machine customer is more reduced.
When signal identification (7) is worked under the refraction of light mode, a photoemitter (13) element D and an optical receiver (14) end instr Q are housed in every information sensor (2), two element head are towards the outside; Photoemitter under the normality (13) element D launches source of electric light incessantly by signal vias (8), when photorefractive effect takes place during near two element head for reflector sign, the on off state of receptor (14) light sensor Q is conducting, when the reflector sign was left two element head, the on off state upset of receptor (14) light sensor Q was disconnection.
As everyone knows, revolving vane generally to sum up three kinds of screw blades, air vane, waterwheel leaf are arranged, but screw blade and air vane can merger be same class substantially, also has wooden dipper shape leaf etc. in addition, but all principle of work are the same substantially.
Fig. 5 is a waterwheel leaf oar formula flow counter light refractive structure principle schematic; Waterwheel leaf oar is identical with the function of screw blade in flow counter.A is outline figure, and information sensor is arranged in the top.B is a part sectional view, can see admittance pipe and information sensor, the topology layout of waterwheel leaf oar and signal identification.C is the control position scheme drawing of sensor and waterwheel leaf oar (12), an information sensor (2) position is arranged over against the reflector signal identification, makes this information sensor output high level signal.
Fig. 6 is a Waterwheel-type leaf oar flow photometric blocking structural principle scheme drawing; Light is isolated under the mode of operation, and next photoemitter of normality (13) element D directly makes its conducting to another optical receiver (14) end instr Q emission electric light by signal vias, the on off state of anti-dazzle device sign (7) control optical receiver.A is outline figure, can see that information sensor is arranged in upper and lower.B is a part sectional view, can see the topology layout of admittance pipe and waterwheel leaf oar and signal identification, information sensor according to optical transmitting set (13) up, optical receiver (14) is in arranged beneath.C be anti-dazzle device as the break-make scheme drawing of message identification to light path, demonstrated when anti-dazzle device does not cut off light path among the figure and the two kind situations of anti-dazzle device when cutting off light path.D is the control position scheme drawing of blade between optical transmitting set and optical receiver, has a pair of optical transmitting set and receptor position just to be separated by anti-dazzle device signal identification (7) between two parties, the information sensor output low level signal of this position.
When work, when fluid promotes waterwheel leaf oar (12) rotation, drive sign (7) and make circular movement, when sign (7) covers one of its four centering signal vias, the photosignal that the projector of this position (13) sends is radiated at sign (7) surface, and light is interdicted, and makes the pairing receptor in this position (14) end instr not receive then output low level signal of optical signal by Enough, when sign (7) is removed signal vias (8), the receptor end instr output high level signal of this position.
Fig. 7 is the information sensor schematic circuit diagram.As to scheme shown in a be optoelectronic information sensor circuit schematic diagram, and signal identification (7) is a reflector, and the mouth of every information sensor links to each other with the microcomputer system interface;
One end of power supply VCC connecting resistance R0~4, the anode of another termination photoemitter D1~4 of resistance R 0, the other end of resistance R 1~4 is connected with the collecting electrode of optical receiver end instr Q1~4, the input end of reverse driven U1~4, the emitter of the negative electrode of photoemitter D1~4 and light sensor Q1~4 connects public ground, and the mouth of reverse driven U1~4 is connected to the data-interface of micro computer CPU; When fluid promotes the screw propeller rotation, drive sign (7) and do touring motion along 4 place's signal vias (8), when sign (7) covers with one of them signal vias (8), the photosignal that the projector of this position (13) sends is radiated at sign (7) surface, under the effect of refraction of light phenomenon, the receptor end instr (14) of this position receives optical signal, this sensor output high level signal, when sign (7) is removed signal vias (8), sensor output low level signal, level signal is overturn once as a metrical pulse.
Shown in the figure b is magnetoelectricity information sensor schematic circuit diagram, and the mouth of every information sensor links to each other with the microcomputer system interface; Under emission magnetic signal mode of operation, signal identification (7) is a permanent magnet; One end of power supply VCC connecting resistance R1~4, the other end of resistance R 1~4 is connected with the collecting electrode of magnet-sensitive element QM1~4, the input end of reverse driven U1~4, the emitter of magnet-sensitive element QM1~4 connects public ground, and the mouth of reverse driven U1~4 is connected to the data-interface of micro computer CPU; When fluid promotes the screw propeller rotation, the sign (7) that drives magnetic information is made circular movement along 4 place's magnetic information guide holes (8), when magnetic information sign (7) with its one of in four during the quadrature closest range of magnetic information guide hole (8) position, under the magnetic line of force effect, the magnet-sensitive element of this position can be received magnetic information and export high level signal by Enough, when magnetic information sign (7) is removed magnetic information guide hole (8), the magnet-sensitive element output low level signal of this position.
The invention of screw propeller flow meter has been arranged, and the method for a kind of flow rate calculation of just necessary corresponding design comprises computing formula and pulse equivalency K parameter list and using method in the method for calculating.
Computing formula V=∑ Kp
Wherein, V: flow volume, K: pulse equivalency parameter, p: metrical pulse number;
For example, K=1ml, during p=10000, V=∑ Kp=10000ml represents this oiling 10000ml.
Whether pulse equivalency K parameter accurate, directly has influence on flow rate calculation result's quality height, thus pulse equivalency K parameter determine seem extremely important.A very enlightening property of classical story is arranged, it is said that Edison has then taken a special-shaped glass container to examine his student as examination question, how many be capacity of this container? his student is awfully busy for this reason, has used up the method for calculating of various higher mathematics, does not all calculate.Edison has seen directly and has shaken the head, and tells them, and " how not using simple method solves.Filling water in the container, pour measuring cup again into and measure not with regard to knowledge of result? "
The present invention is inspired by this exactly; determine accurate pulse equivalency K parameter with straightforward procedure: under admittance pipe (3) channel cross-sectional area reference conditions of the same size; carry out the oil plant sampling with a double helix oar flow counter (1); fuel charger injects oil plant and the pulse count sent of recorded information sensor (2) simultaneously to a graduated cylinder that meets national measurement instrument technology related request; when reaching graduated cylinder sampling unit volume, oil plant shuts down; access the pulse cumulative total then; with unit volume divided by the pulse cumulative total; promptly obtain the equivalent parameter K, how many height of its precision is directly proportional with sampling.
Same reason also can be refueled arbitrarily earlier, shuts down the volume amount of back oil plant that accurately measurement adds, and again divided by the pulse cumulative total, its quotient is the number of liter accurately that liquid is flow through in each pulse representative, i.e. equivalent parameter K.
About pulse equivalency K parameter list: because the regional height above sea level barometric pressure at each fuel charger place, the ambient temperature feature has nothing in common with each other, always there is difference so be distributed in the consistent accuracy of each regional fuel charger gas filed, employing meets the pulse equivalency K parameter of fuel charger place of working environmental conditions, the accuracy that the quantity that just can realize refueling is calculated the biglyyest.This just need set up one " pulse equivalency K parameter list ".
The earth is divided into the torrid zone, subtropics, temperate zone, seven zones, frigid zone by north and south latitude symmetry, rationally classify by each regional height above sea level (high, medium and low) barometric pressure and climate temperature (high, medium and low) feature, the oiling working environment of simulation fuel charger, with national measurement standard graduated cylinder is the sampling measurer, and each zone is done the sampling test of nine standard pulse equivalent parameters; Get 63 pulse equivalency parameter group so altogether and become a K parameter list.
Behind classification simulation environment experiment test, determine that the pulse equivalency parameter K is as fuel charger place of working pulse equivalency parameter.All can be endowed after every fuel charger production is dispatched from the factory and installed and use the regional location heading code, computer program is according to regional height above sea level and the tagsorts such as date that characterize temperature in season during oiling, with the look-up method of sitting in the right seat, some parameter K in the strobe pulse equivalent parameter list participate in the calculating of flow V, and are very simple.
About volume read-out " nonlinear error compensation method ": strict saying, the difference of the each volume read-out size of client, the result does accurate measurement to oiling, always has a little error.Adopt " nonlinear error compensation method " that error is reduced as much as possible.
Method is that several volume read-outs (large, medium and small) sampling point is determined in experiment, makes accurate matching measurement with the standard graduated cylinder, determines error information, and these data are built up one " compensating parameter table " is stored in the fuel charger computer program.In refueling process,, sit in the right seat with look-up method and to select pairing error compensation value in the compensating parameter table, then can further be limited in more among a small circle refueling error substantially at the large, medium and small oiling total amount of different user.
Be last up till now, existing in the world fuel charger does not have effective metering error compensatory device substantially in-20 ℃ to+50 ℃ extreme working environment, standard is set up in the simulation actual environment sampling that the present invention proposes, software computation of table lookup method can greatly be approached accurate measurement, and the social demand of reality is had positive effect.