CN101061300A - Start control apparatus for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Start control apparatus for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101061300A CN101061300A CN 200680001184 CN200680001184A CN101061300A CN 101061300 A CN101061300 A CN 101061300A CN 200680001184 CN200680001184 CN 200680001184 CN 200680001184 A CN200680001184 A CN 200680001184A CN 101061300 A CN101061300 A CN 101061300A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 8
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- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIYDFVHFQEFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[n-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-4-methylanilino]phenol;methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1)CC1=NCCN1 OGIYDFVHFQEFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
There is provided a start control apparatus for an internal combustion engine (1) which starts the engine with injecting fuel to each cylinder (2) of the internal combustion engine in an intake stroke. The apparatus comprises a stop position distinction device (20) which distinguishes a piston position at a time of a stop of the internal combustion engine, and a fuel injection amount control device (20) which specifies a cylinder in which a piston stops in the intake stroke based on a distinction result of the stop position distinction device and which increases a fuel injection amount at starting for the specified cylinder more than a fuel injection amount for other cylinders.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment, be ejected into the fuel quantity of the cylinder of internal-combustion engine when being used for controlling starting.
Background technique
As the starting and control equipment that is used for cylinder direct injection type internal-combustion engine, wherein this internal-combustion engine be subjected to idling stop control, a kind of known starting and control equipment is arranged, when wherein the fuel supply pressure during being in idle stop state is lower than predetermined pressure, fuel is injected goes in each cylinder, wherein piston stops in compression stroke and piston stops in aspirating stroke and then carry out air inlet and spray when resetting in this cylinder, thereby attempt to pilot engine (referring to, Japanese Patent Application Publication (JP-A) No.2004-36561 for example).In addition, JP-ANo.2001-73774,2000-213385, and 2202-242724 also is other announcement relevant with the field of the invention.
Stopping control owing to idling when causing internal-combustion engine to stop because the cylinder that INO makes piston stop in aspirating stroke sucks air, and so when stopping the pressure in the cylinder can increase to about atmospheric pressure from negative pressure state.If reset in this case, the adiabatic compression under just beginning in the cylinder of aspirating stroke, to carry out about atmospheric pressure, and the temperature of cylinder makes to produce the self ignition phenomenon above the firing temperature of fuel.This self ignition has caused various problems, for example increases vibration.The starting and control equipment that discloses among the JP-A No.2004-36561 during the idle stop state at the aspirating stroke burner oil to cylinder, only be the fuel quantity in order to guarantee to start, therefore can't wish when resetting, to suppress above-mentioned self ignition.Also have, above-mentioned self ignition problem is not limited only to cylinder direct injection type internal-combustion engine, but can appear in so-called tuned port injection type (the port injection type) internal-combustion engine.And, this self ignition problem also is not limited to situation about resetting from idle stop state, but can occur in following situation: internal-combustion engine this internal-combustion engine in response to the action of turning off ignition switch the cylinder temperature after stopping to reset before fully reducing.
Summary of the invention
Here, one of purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of starting and control equipment that is used for internal-combustion engine, and it can suppress cylinder self ignition when starting that piston stops in aspirating stroke.
In order to address the above problem, according to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of starting and control equipment that is used for internal-combustion engine is provided, wherein this starting and control equipment is by piloting engine in each cylinder that injects fuel into internal-combustion engine in aspirating stroke, this starting and control equipment comprises: the stop position discriminating device, and this stop position discriminating device is distinguished piston position when internal-combustion engine stops; And fuel injection controller, the cylinder that this fuel injection controller specifies piston to stop in aspirating stroke according to the differentiation result of this stop position discriminating device, and the fuel injection amount when increasing the described appointed cylinder of starting, make it fuel injection amount greater than other cylinder.
According to the starting and control equipment of first aspect, when cranking internal combustion engine, be injected into from the cylinder that the air inlet state brings into operation than the more fuel of other cylinder.Therefore, compare with other cylinder, the cylinder temperature decline effect that causes owing to carburretion latent heat is higher, even and, also can suppress the generation of self ignition by keeping lower cylinder temperature causing that owing to stopping period suction air this compression stroke begins to carry out under the state that cylinder pressure increases.Therefore, can suppress these problem examples, as be accompanied by the increase of the vibration of self ignition, thereby begin internal combustion reposefully.
In order to address the above problem, according to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of starting and control equipment that is used for internal-combustion engine is provided, wherein this internal-combustion engine is by piloting engine in each cylinder that injects fuel into internal-combustion engine in aspirating stroke, this starting and control equipment comprises: the stop position discriminating device, and this stop position discriminating device is distinguished piston position when internal-combustion engine stops; And fuel injection controller, whether this fuel injection controller is distinguished the position of piston that stops according to the differentiation result of this stop position discriminating device and is in the predetermined crank angle scope of initial position as basic point with aspirating stroke in aspirating stroke, and the fuel injection amount when controlling the cylinder that the starting piston stops according to the differentiation result about this predetermined crank angle scope in aspirating stroke.
Starting and control equipment according to second aspect, whether the position of piston that differentiation stops in aspirating stroke is positioned at the predetermined crank angle scope apart from the initial position of aspirating stroke, make it possible to suitably control the fuel injection amount of cylinder, wherein in this cylinder, piston begins its operation from aspirating stroke.For example, in the starting stage and the interstage of aspirating stroke, the residue period of intake is very long, and charge flow rate and speed are all high, make inhaled air to mix mutually fully, and this intake temperature are lower than cylinder temperature.Therefore, obtained effective performance by the cylinder temperature decline effect of using the latent heat of vaporization to cause.In this case, increased fuel injection amount, to suppress to take place self ignition.On the other hand, in the final stage of aspirating stroke, remaining period of intake is very short, and charge flow rate and speed is lowered, and makes that using the latent heat of vaporization to reduce the required fuel quantity of cylinder temperature increases sharply.Therefore, be difficult to provide the cylinder temperature decline effect that is suitable for increasing fuel.In this case, fuel injection amount is reduced relatively, thereby has suppressed some problems, for example deterioration of fuel consumption and injection.
In a embodiment according to the starting and control equipment of second aspect, when the position of piston that stops in aspirating stroke is positioned at predetermined crank angle range, this fuel injection controller can increase the fuel injection amount of starting piston when the cylinder that aspirating stroke stops, and makes it greater than the fuel injection amount that is used for other cylinder.Alternatively, when the position of piston that stops in aspirating stroke is positioned at predetermined crank angle range, this fuel injection controller can increase the fuel injection amount of piston when the cylinder starting that aspirating stroke stops, and makes it greater than the fuel injection amount that surpasses under the situation of predetermined crank angle scope.According to these embodiments, by increase begin fuel quantity in the prespecified range apart from aspirating stroke can be undoubtedly and reduce effectively because the cylinder temperature decline effect that the latent heat of vaporization causes.
In a embodiment according to the starting and control equipment of second aspect, when the position of piston that stops in aspirating stroke surpasses predetermined crank angle range, this fuel injection controller can by distinguishing at piston whether self ignition can take place in the cylinder that aspirating stroke stops with reference at least one and the physical values of temperature correlation in when starting cylinder, and can distinguish when forbidding beginning will self ignition take place the time to this cylinder injection fuel.According to this embodiment, when being not enough to suppress self ignition owing to the cylinder temperature decline effect of using the latent heat of vaporization to bring, injection prohibition fuel, thus can prevent self ignition in the compression stroke far and away.
In a embodiment according to the starting and control equipment of second aspect, this fuel injection controller can be by with reference to when starting, at least the humidity of the air temperature of the barometric pressure of the temperature of the cooling water of internal-combustion engine, internal-combustion engine environment of living in, this environment, this environment, fuel temperature and wherein one of the wall surface temperature of the cylinder that in aspirating stroke, stops of piston distinguish whether self ignition to take place as physical values.By with reference to these physical values, just can suitably determine the possibility of self ignition.
In a embodiment according to the starting and control equipment of second aspect, internal-combustion engine can be subjected to idling and stop control, when satisfying predetermined shut-down operation, stop internal-combustion engine, and when satisfying predetermined restarting condition the restarting internal-combustion engine, and when during from the halted state restarting, this fuel injection controller can be controlled fuel injection amount according to the differentiation result of piston position because idling stops control.According to this embodiment,, also can suppress to take place charge compression self-ignition effectively even the temperature of cylinder is very high from the idle stop state restarting time.Further, this fuel injection controller can by distinguishing whether self ignition to take place with reference to the endurance that stops to control the halted state that causes owing to idling as physical values.Between the endurance and cylinder temperature of halted state, there is a kind of relation, make that the heat that is transferred to air the cylinder from cylinder wall, piston etc. will increase, and causes the increase of cylinder temperature when the endurance of halted state is elongated.Here, by the endurance of reference halted state, can suitably determine the possibility of self ignition.
Also have, according to first or an embodiment of the starting and control equipment of second aspect in, this fuel injection controller can be controlled the fuel injection amount that the piston position that is divided into when internal-combustion engine stops to be in the cylinder of aspirating stroke with respect to air quantity in the cylinder, makes air fuel ratio in this cylinder less than chemically correct fuel.In this case, the air fuel ratio in this cylinder is littler than stoichiometry, and wherein in this cylinder, piston stops in aspirating stroke, and therefore can suppress pressure increase in the cylinder when cranking internal combustion engine, and its increase can be very not fast.Therefore, though output torque may be very little, also can suppress noise and vibration.Further, do not need to spray extra fuel, therefore can make the discharging of carbon dioxide (HC) minimize.
As mentioned above, the same with the latent heat of vaporization of using fuel according to the present invention by increasing fuel injection amount to cylinder from aspirating stroke starting piston, also cylinder temperature can be reduced, and the self ignition in the compression stroke can be suppressed effectively.Also have, control fuel injection amount, can more effectively give play to this self ignition restriction effect by the stop position of considering piston, some problems of while, for example the deterioration of fuel consumption and injection also can be inhibited.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure that shows the schematic structure of the internal-combustion engine that is used for automobile, has wherein adopted starting and control equipment according to an embodiment of the invention in this automobile;
Fig. 2 stops the flow chart of the summary of control program for the idling that shows the ECU execution;
The figure of Fig. 3 combustion regime when showing restarting in the cylinder, wherein piston stops in aspirating stroke, and makes this state corresponding to piston position and fuel injection amount before the restarting;
Fig. 4 is the figure of the variation pattern of the demonstration actual requirement relevant with the stop time that stops to control by idling;
Fig. 5 determines the flow chart of program for the initial injection quantity that shows the ECU execution;
Fig. 6 is for showing that starting motor is from setting up the time diagram of restarting condition to the time history of the actual starting of operation;
Fig. 7 A and 7B are the explanatory drawing that is presented at the coordinate when measuring engine acceleration along with the vibration of motor, and wherein Fig. 7 A is a front elevation, and Fig. 7 B is a side view;
Fig. 8 is for showing the figure that concerns between acceleration during the vibration and the fuel injection amount;
Fig. 9 is the pressure in the demonstration cylinder and the figure of the relation between the fuel injection amount; And
Figure 10 is for showing the figure of the relation between starting time and the fuel injection amount.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the figure that shows the schematic structure of the internal-combustion engine that is used for automobile, has wherein adopted starting and control equipment according to an embodiment of the invention in this automobile.In Fig. 1, internal-combustion engine (hereinafter being called motor) 1 is made of for example 4-cycle engine, and comprises a plurality of cylinders 2.By way of parenthesis, Fig. 1 has only shown single cylinder 2, and the structure of all the other cylinders 2 is identical with it.
The phase place of piston 3 is according to the quantity of cylinder 2 and layout and interlaced in each cylinder 2.For example, in the four-banger in upright arrangement with four cylinders 2 arranging in one direction, the phase place of piston 3 differs 180 degree each other on the crank angle.Therefore, one of four cylinders 2 are in the aspirating stroke inevitably.And this motor 1 is constructed to the tuned port injection h type engine h, and it, imports air-fuel mixture in the cylinder 2 to tuned port injection fuel from Fuelinjection nozzle 4, and lights this mixture by spark plug 6.An example of the fuel that sprays from Fuelinjection nozzle 4 is exactly a gasoline.And this motor 1 is provided with suction valve 9 and outlet valve 10, and they all open and close the space between firing chamber 5 and gas-entered passageway 7 or the exhaust passage 8; Throttle valve 13 is used to adjust the air inflow from gas-entered passageway 7; And connecting rod 15 and crankweb 16, be used for the to-and-fro motion of piston 3 is transferred to bent axle 14.This structure can be identical with well-known motor.
This motor 1 has the actuating motor 17 that is used to start it.This actuating motor 17 is well-known motor, is used for rotating this bent axle 14 by reduction gear 18.By way of parenthesis, this reduction gear 18 has built-in overrunning clutch, is used for allowing will rotate from actuating motor 17 to be transferred to bent axle 14, forbids will rotating from bent axle 14 on its transmission of rotation path being transferred to actuating motor 17 simultaneously.Like this, as the gear of the part of reduction gear 18 always with bent axle 14 engagements.Therefore, the starting arrangement of this motor 1 is constructed to so-called normal engagement type starting arrangement.
Control the working state of this motor 1 by control unit of engine (hereinafter being called ECU) 20.This ECU20 is configured to computer, comprises microprocessor, and operates the required peripheral unit of this microprocessor for example RAM and ROM, and moves various required processes, so that control the working state of motor 1 according to the program among the ROM of being stored in.For example, this ECU 20 detects the pressure of gas-entered passageway 7 and the air fuel ratio in the exhaust passage 8 from the output signal of predetermined sensor, and the fuel injection amount of control Fuelinjection nozzle 4, so that obtain predetermined air fuel ratio.Sensor for institute's reference among this ECU 20 comprises crank angle sensor 21, is used to export the signal corresponding to the phase place (crank angle) of bent axle 14, and cooling-water temperature sensor 22, is used to export the signal corresponding to the coolant water temperature of motor 1.In addition, be provided with a plurality of sensors, for example, be used to detect the sensor of the opening degree of accelerator pedal, and the sensor that is used to detect the braking pedal action, but they have been omitted in the drawings.Also have, this motor 1 can be operated this throttle valve 13, to control its operation degree.
20 pairs of motors of this ECU 1 carry out so-called idling and stop control, are used for the work of shutting engine down 1 when satisfying predetermined stop condition, and when satisfied this motor 1 of resetting when being scheduled to the restarting condition.Fig. 2 stops the flow chart of the summary of control program for showing the idling of being undertaken by this ECU 20.By way of parenthesis, repeatedly carry out program among Fig. 2 with predetermined period concurrently according to the various processes of carrying out with ECU 20.
In the program of Fig. 2, at first in step S1, ECU 20 determines that whether motor 1 is in work, and if in work, then ECU 20 proceeds to step S2.At step S2, ECU20 determines whether to satisfy engine stop condition.For example, if brake petal is 0 in the work and the speed of a motor vehicle, then satisfy engine stop condition.If engine stop condition does not satisfy, then EOP end of program.On the other hand, engine stop condition satisfies, and then ECU 20 proceeds to step S3, stop from Fuelinjection nozzle 4 burner oils, and control throttle valve 13 cuts out fully.Therefore, can prevent from air-fuel mixture is offered cylinder 2, and the rotating speed of motor 1 begins to reduce.When predetermined extent before stopping of the speed drop of motor 1, this ECU 20 proceeds to step S4 and opens throttle valve 13.Therefore, air is imported into cylinder 2 in aspirating stroke.Afterwards, ECU 20 proceeds to step S5 and closes throttle valve 13.Therefore, when being converted to compression stroke on the lower dead center (BDC) of the cylinder that wherein contains the air that is imported in aspirating stroke, crushing resistance will appear and owing to this drag makes the rotation of motor 1 stop fully.At this moment, can control the opening degree of throttle valve 13, so that in compression stroke, piston 3 stopped in the target crank angle range (for example, BTDC80 ℃ A to 180 ℃ of A) in the cylinder 2.In the time of in piston 3 stops at such target zone, the stop position of piston 3 in cylinder 2 becomes ATDC100 ℃ A to 0 ℃ A, and wherein next this cylinder 2 will enter compression stroke, that is to say that cylinder 2 is in aspirating stroke when stopping.
After motor 1 stops, in step S6, ECU 20 distinguishes the crank angle when stopping according to the output signal of crank angle sensor 21 and the crank angle that will determine be stored in ECU 20 storage arrangement (for example, RAM) in.That is to say ECU 20 determines when motor 1 stops bent axle 14 stops at which position between 0 ℃ of A to 720 ℃ of A, and stores its differentiation result.The state that is positioned at the precalculated position according to piston 3 in any one cylinder 2 (for example, piston in first cylinder is in the state of lower dead center in aspirating stroke) specify this crank angle, thus determine that at stopping period the crank angle is equal to the stop position of determining each piston 3.Therefore, by the process among the execution in step S6, ECU 20 according to the present invention plays the effect of stop position discriminating device or equipment.After having distinguished the crank angle, the endurance (stop time) that this ECU20 begins in step S7 idle stop state is carried out timing termination routine then.Above-mentioned explanation is exactly to be used for process that the motor that will be in idle stop state is controlled.But,, just can suitably revise said process as long as when stopping, can distinguishing the position of piston 3.
On the other hand, if determine not work of motor 1 in step S1, then ECU 20 proceeds to step S8, controls from the idle stop state restarting, and determines whether to satisfy predetermined restarting condition.In an example of automatic speed changing vehicle, when loosening the brake, just satisfied the restarting condition.In the vehicle of hand gear, for example, speed change lever satisfies the restarting condition by being shifted to first gear or step down in clutch pedal from neutral position.If discontented lumping weight starting conditions finishes this program.
If satisfy the restarting condition, then ECU 20 proceeds to step S9, opens restarting signal " ON ", with this motor 1 of restarting.Thereby the 1 required starting that begins to pilot engine in various devices is prepared, and for example Seize ACK message (seizure signal) is inputed to the drive circuit of actuating motor 17.In following step S10, this ECU 20 determines the fuel injection amount (initial injection quantity) of cylinder (being hereinafter referred to as specific cylinder) that piston 3 is stopped in aspirating stroke according to prior defined procedure.Below the process of calculating initial injection quantity is described.Among the step S11 below, ECU 20 sprays the initial injection quantity of having determined corresponding to this specific cylinder 2 from Fuelinjection nozzle 4, then finish this program.
Then, will describe the control initial injection quantity.At first, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 the principle that is used for determining initial injection quantity is described.The figure of Fig. 3 combustion regime when showing restarting in the specific cylinder 2, the fuel injection amount (initial combustion amount) when wherein making this state corresponding to piston position in the specific cylinder 2 before the restarting and restarting.It should be noted that in this Fig. 3 the crank angle by top dead center (TDC) shows piston position, wherein this top dead center is the starting point of aspirating stroke and is considered to basic point.As distinguishing among solid line L1 and the L2 among the figure, the based on fuel emitted dose, this combustion regime can be divided into three zones, that is, and the district that misfires (miss-fire region), self ignition district, and ignition district.Also have, this fuel injection amount τ s is the necessary fuel injection amount of realization theory air fuel ratio.Hereinafter, this fuel injection amount τ s is called as stoichiometric requirement (stoichiometric requirement).
Among Fig. 3 be very clearly, if will be ejected into the fuel quantity of specific cylinder 2 when restarting controls to about stoichiometric requirement τ s, then the air quantity in this specific cylinder 2 will be very big, and cylinder temperature in the compression stroke (air temperature in the cylinder) also can significantly increase, thereby causes self ignition.For fear of this situation, this fuel injection amount need be set to be lower than the lower limit L1 in self ignition district or be higher than upper limit L2.But, if this fuel injection amount is lower than lower limit L1, will become the district that misfires, and can't normal starting motor 1.Therefore, for fear of self ignition and in order normally to pilot engine 1, this fuel injection amount need be set to be higher than the upper limit L2 in self ignition district.The reason that can avoid self ignition by adjusting this fuel injection amount is because the latent heat of vaporization of fuel has reduced cylinder temperature.That is to say that the upper limit L2 in self ignition district represents because the latent heat of vaporization of fuel is the lower limit that is lower than the required fuel quantity of firing temperature for cylinder temperature is suppressed.Hereinafter, the fuel injection amount of being represented by upper limit L2 is called as actual requirement.
But this actual requirement L2 is according to the piston position before the restarting change (that is the position of piston that, stops in aspirating stroke).In case the stop position of piston 3 leaves certain number of degrees from top dead center toward bottom dead center, this actual requirement L2 will increase tempestuously.This is because of the latter half part in aspirating stroke, and remaining period of intake weak point and the air mass flow and the speed that are inhaled in the cylinder 2 descend, and making can't provide fully because the effect of the cylinder temperature decline that the latent heat of vaporization causes.Here, the piston position of actual requirement L2 increase place is set to th ℃ of A of threshold value A TDC θ in advance, and the piston position in the specific cylinder 2 is when th ℃ of A of TDC one lateral extent threshold value A TDC θ when restarting, and this fuel injection amount will increase, greater than actual requirement L2, to prevent self ignition.On the other hand, piston position exceeds th ℃ of A of threshold value A TDC θ, distinguishes the possibility of self ignition from the state of motor 1, and if the possibility of self ignition very high, then forbid the fuel ignition of specific cylinder 2, thereby prevent self ignition.Even this piston position exceeds th ℃ of A of threshold value A TDC θ, also can by fuel injection amount is increased to actual requirement L2 or with on avoid self ignition.But, some problems, for example increase of the fuel consumption that causes owing to the increase of fuel injection amount and the degeneration of injection, it is very remarkable also can to become, and therefore in this case, actual requirement L2 can't be carried out as the increase of the fuel quantity of standard.Piston position also has, even when fuel injection amount excessively increases with respect to actual requirement L2, also some problems can occur, for example the degeneration of fuel consumption at th ℃ of A of TDC one lateral extent threshold value A TDC θ.Therefore, fuel injection amount at this moment can be consistent with actual requirement L2, or with anticipation error increment is added to actual requirement L2 to a certain degree.An example is exactly when water temperature is 100 ℃, and this threshold value is about ATDC100 ℃ A.
By way of parenthesis, the influence of cylinder temperature when this actual requirement L2 is subjected to restarting, and can change owing to coolant water temperature and piston position.For example, in Fig. 3, if represent corresponding in the actual requirement of water temperature T w=Twa with solid line L2, when water temperature become Twb (＞Twa) time, compare with identical piston position, L2 ' is represented as with dashed lines, this actual requirement relatively increases.Also have, th ℃ of A of above-mentioned threshold value A TDC θ shifts towards TDC one side.That is to say that when water temperature was higher when restarting, this cylinder temperature relatively increased, and therefore need the more fuel of injection to avoid self ignition.Then, when the fuel injection amount determined for specific cylinder 2, just need consider water temperature T w.
Further, this actual requirement also can change owing to the endurance (stop time) and the water temperature of idle stop state.For example, in Fig. 4, if represent with solid line L2 corresponding to the time requirement of stop time ta, when stop time become tb (＞ta) time, with dashed lines L2 " the identical piston position of expression compares, this actual requirement also can relatively increase.Also have, th ℃ of A of above-mentioned threshold ATDC θ shifts towards TDC one side.That is to say that when stop time was longer, the heat that is transferred to cylinder air from the wall surface of cylinder 2 and piston 3 can increase, and this cylinder temperature can increase also, and therefore need to spray more fuel and avoid self ignition.Then, when the fuel injection amount determined for specific cylinder 2, need consider stop time.Further, this cylinder temperature can be subjected to for example atmospheric pressure, the temperature and humidity of motor 1 environment of living in, the influence of the wall temperature of fuel temperature and cylinder 2, and therefore, if desired, can consider the fuel injection amount when these physical values are determined restarting.For example, about atmospheric pressure, when it was higher, the cylinder pressure in the compression stroke will increase.Therefore, when considering atmospheric pressure, along with atmospheric pressure is higher, this actual requirement also needs relatively to increase.
Fig. 5 has shown that the initial injection quantity of being undertaken by ECU 20 determines program, to determine aforesaid initial injection quantity.This program is performed the subroutine as step S10 among Fig. 2, and ECU 20 has played the effect of fuel injection controller or equipment by carrying out this program.Additionally, in the ROM of ECU 20, store figure that data for example determine that above-mentioned threshold value is required and corresponding to the physical values actual requirement of water temperature and stop time for example.
In the program of Fig. 5, at step S21, ECU 20 at first obtains current water temperature value, stop time etc., as being used for determining the required parameter of initial injection quantity.From the output of cooling-water temperature sensor, specify this water temperature.Specify stop time from the timing that the step S7 at Fig. 2 begins.At following step S22, ECU 20 distinguishes the scope whether position of piston that stops to be positioned at ATDC0 ℃ of A to θ th ℃ A according to the crank angle of storing in aspirating stroke in the step S6 of Fig. 2.If be positioned within this scope, this ECU 20 proceeds to step S23, and determines fuel injection amount (in this cylinder, piston 3 stops) for this specific cylinder 2 according to the parameter value that obtains in step S21 in aspirating stroke.That is to say that by reference figure, wherein this figure uses the parameter value that obtains as parameter, can obtain the fuel injection amount of avoiding self ignition required in step S21.At this moment fuel injection amount is determined to be equivalent to or greater than the actual requirement as shown in Fig. 3 and 4.To spray fuel quantity when in addition, the fuel injection amount of determining is more than restarting to other cylinder 2 in step S23.Since this specific cylinder 2 inhaled air during the idle stop state and in compression stroke amount of air drawn unless this fuel injection amount increases to the degree that this air quantity increases, otherwise can't reduce this cylinder temperature greater than other cylinder 2.And, in Fig. 3 and 4, can be clear that, along with water temperature uprise or stop time elongated, the fuel injection amount of determining in step S23 increases.When definite this fuel injection amount further contemplated another physical values that influences this cylinder temperature, along with the change of this physical values, this fuel injection amount also should increase, thereby increased cylinder temperature.
On the other hand, if determine that in step S22 position of piston is positioned at outside this scope, then this ECU 20 proceeds to step S24, and determines whether to cause self ignition.Can be undertaken this by the reference physical values and determine that wherein these physical values are similar to the above-mentioned physical values that influences actual requirement, that is, and water temperature, stop time, the atmospheric pressure of motor 1 environment of living in, air temperature, humidity, fuel temperature, and the wall temperature that influences the cylinder 2 of this cylinder temperature.For example, very short or when water temperature is very low (for example, approximately the level identical with the intake temperature of suction port) when stop time, even without increasing fuel injection amount, self ignition can not take place, and so can determine not have the possibility of self ignition yet.Then, if define the possibility self ignition, then this ECU 20 proceeds to step S25, and the fuel injection amount of this specific cylinder 2 is set to zero, that is, forbid to this specific cylinder burner oil.On the other hand, cannot the generation self ignition if determine, then this ECU 20 proceeds to step S26, and the fuel injection amount of this specific cylinder 2 is set to the emitted dose (stoichiometric requirement) of normal control, wherein in this normal control, do not increase fuel and spray.Fuel injection amount in this case is less than the emitted dose that is provided with among the step S23.At above-mentioned steps S23, determined after the fuel injection amount program that this ECU 20 finishes among Fig. 5 among S25 or the S26.In the step S11 of Fig. 2, the operating fuel injected valve 4 of this ECU20 is so that eject the fuel injection amount of determining in said process.
According to the foregoing description, when the position of piston that stops in the aspirating stroke is positioned at predetermined crank angle scope (ATDC0 ℃ of A to θ th ℃ A), the fuel injection amount of countercylinder 2 increases to greater than applying requirement to avoid self ignition in the aspirating stroke, if this position of piston surpasses crank angle range simultaneously, then forbid to these cylinder 2 burner oils to avoid self ignition, unless determine self ignition can not take place.Therefore, can avoid the vibration that produces owing to self ignition etc., thereby allow motor 1 from idle stop state restarting smoothly.
Fig. 6 is for showing the time diagram of a preferred embodiment of fuel injection timing when the piston in the specific cylinder 23 stops in the crank angle range.At time t0, satisfy this restarting condition, even and the time t1 after it opened commencing signal, this starting motor 17 also has a constant time-delay, the time t3 that begins up to its reality of work.In order to bring into play the temperature decline effect that in cylinder, produces because fuel sprays fully, need guarantee that fuel and inhaled air that time enough is used for spraying are blended in one, and therefore, preferably being exactly time t2 between time t1 and t3 carries out this fuel and sprays.And when once spraying a large amount of fuel, the air fuel ratio in the cylinder just might be offset to a denseer side of chemically correct fuel temporarily significantly, thereby has reduced the vaporization rate of fuel.Then, this fuel injection is preferably divided and is carried out in a plurality of actions as shown in Figure 6.
In the above-described embodiments, according to water temperature, stop time, atmospheric pressure waits determines th ℃ of A of threshold value A TDC θ that uses and the fuel injection amount of determining in step S23 in step S22.But because the self ignition characteristic of fuel may change owing to component and th ℃ of A of threshold value A TDC θ of fuel, and along with the variation of ignition quality, actual requirement also can change.Therefore, if the component of available fuel is not constant on the market, then on this market in available all fuel, most possibly cause the fuel of self ignition just can be considered to be used for determining the reference of above-mentioned threshold value and actual requirement.For example, when the component of fuel not simultaneously, can be assessed the self ignition of this fuel in each destination by the purpose of the vehicle that motor 1 has been installed thereon, to determine this threshold value and actual requirement.
The present invention is not limited only to the foregoing description, and can realize in various embodiments.For example, the present invention's motor that can use is not limited only to the tuned port injection type and also can be cylinder direct injection type.The present invention not only can be used for because idling stops to control from the idle stop state restarting time, but also can be used for when opening ignition switch and start.Therefore, the present invention not only can be used to be subjected to the motor that idling stops to control, and can also be used for not carrying out the motor that this idling stops to control.In the above among the embodiment, control fuel injection amount according to the information that whether is positioned at the predetermined crank angle scope about the position of piston that in aspirating stroke, stops, but, the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment, wherein control fuel injection amount according to piston position, and the fuel injection amount that needs only the cylinder that piston in aspirating stroke is stopped to be increased more than the fuel injection amount to other cylinder, just can think to have dropped within the scope of the present invention.For example, if clearly flex point do not occur about the actual requirement shown in Fig. 3 and 4, piston position when then stopping is divided into and is used to specify cylinder, wherein in this cylinder, piston stops in aspirating stroke, and the fuel injection amount to specific cylinder increases to above other cylinder, has suppressed self ignition thereby compare with the situation that does not increase fuel.In the above embodiments, distinguish piston position, but distinguishing piston position is not limited in this, can adopt variety of way by the crank angle.
The present invention can be combined in one with the engine control except fuel injection amount control and be achieved.For example, when water temperature low, the air density height, the air quantity that imports in the cylinder increases relatively, and can estimate that the moment of torsion that obtains by burning increases.In this case, by postponing this period of combustion, the maximum (top) speed of this motor that obtains when burning can be limited, thereby has suppressed the effect of engine luggine.
Also have, in the present invention, the air quantity in the cylinder that can stop in aspirating stroke with respect to piston is controlled the fuel injection amount for this cylinder, makes this air fuel ratio be the rare value (lean value) than chemically correct fuel.In this case, can be based on also can be not based on following hypothesis: the fuel injection amount for this cylinder can increase to more than other cylinder.As long as the air fuel ratio in the cylinder that piston stops in aspirating stroke is less than the relative theory air fuel ratio, then this result is exactly gratifying.This air fuel ratio A/F can be set to for example A/F=20 to 40.For example, consider fuel injection amount, acceleration, and the fuel injection amount of having realized this air fuel ratio along with the priming speed setting of the vibration of cylinder 1.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 8, consider fuel injection amount τ and acceleration G and along with the priming speed of the vibration of cylinder 1, employing in advance can realize that the fuel injection amount of rare air fuel ratio is as the basic emitted dose that obtains minimum acceleration G in target priming speed scope.This target priming speed can be set to for example to avoid the lower limit that misfires.Measure acceleration G by the acceleration transducer among Fig. 7 30, and with each position X, Y and Z show.Shown the position X relevant among Fig. 7 respectively with fuel injection amount, each minimum value of Y and Z (X-min, Y-min, Z-min) and maximum value (X-max, Y-max, Z-max).In the example of Fig. 8, this basic fuel emitted dose is revised as approaches minimum acceleration G, that is, and τ=5 (millisecond).Then, in order to obtain final fuel injection amount, can be according to various parameters piston stop position for example, cooling water temperature, intake temperature, the motor stop time, fuel characteristic, and in the target engine speed at least one increases or reduces basic emitted dose.By keeping emitted dose correction figure in the ROM of ECU 20 and with reference to it, to be used for determining the calculating of final fuel injection amount, wherein should the basis emitted dose relevant with in the various parameters at least one.
In said structure, can see clearly from Fig. 8 that this fuel injection amount is positioned at the scope in self ignition district, thus the self ignition when having caused starting.But, when the air fuel ratio in the cylinder that piston stops in aspirating stroke for respect to rare value of stoichiometric number the time, can suppress the increase of the maximum value Pmax of cylinder internal pressure as shown in Figure 9, and its increase state is inviolent.Therefore, though output torque can be very little, can sound-inhibiting and vibration (referring to Fig. 8).Also have, as shown in Figure 10, be considered to the starting time as long as begin to reach 400 revolutions per seconds of required times of engine speed from starting, this starting time just can not demonstrate very big difference between air fuel ratio is the situation of stoichiometric number and rare value, and therefore this starting can not become difficult yet.And, do not need to spray excessive fuel, so the release of hydrocarbon (HC) can keep unnecessary increase minimum and that can avoid engine revolution.
Claims (9)
1. starting and control equipment that is used for internal-combustion engine, wherein this starting and control equipment is by starting this internal-combustion engine in each cylinder that injects fuel into described internal-combustion engine in aspirating stroke, and described starting and control equipment comprises:
Stop position discriminating device, described stop position discriminating device are distinguished piston position when described internal-combustion engine stops; And
Fuel injection controller, the cylinder that described fuel injection controller specifies piston to stop in aspirating stroke according to the differentiation result of described stop position discriminating device, and the fuel injection amount when increasing the described appointed cylinder of starting, make it greater than the fuel injection amount that is used for other cylinder.
2. starting and control equipment that is used for internal-combustion engine, wherein this starting and control equipment is by starting this internal-combustion engine in each cylinder that injects fuel into described internal-combustion engine in aspirating stroke, and described starting and control equipment comprises:
Stop position discriminating device, described stop position discriminating device are distinguished piston position when described internal-combustion engine stops; And
Fuel injection controller, whether described fuel injection controller is distinguished the position of piston that stops according to the differentiation result of described stop position discriminating device and is in the predetermined crank angle range of initial position as basic point with described aspirating stroke in aspirating stroke, and controls fuel injection amount when starting the described cylinder that piston stops in aspirating stroke according to the differentiation result of relevant described predetermined crank angle range.
3. according to the starting and control equipment of claim 2, wherein, the position of piston that stops in aspirating stroke is positioned under the situation of described predetermined crank angle range, described fuel injection controller increases the fuel injection amount of starting piston when the cylinder that aspirating stroke stops, and makes it greater than the fuel injection amount that is used for other cylinder.
4. according to the starting and control equipment of claim 2, wherein, the position of piston that stops in aspirating stroke is positioned under the situation of described predetermined crank angle range, described fuel injection controller increases the fuel injection amount of starting piston when the cylinder that aspirating stroke stops, and makes it greater than the fuel injection amount that surpasses under the predetermined crank angle scope situation.
5. according to any one starting and control equipment among the claim 2-4, wherein, the position of piston that stops in aspirating stroke surpasses under the situation of described predetermined crank angle range, described fuel injection controller is by distinguishing at piston whether self ignition can take place in the cylinder that aspirating stroke stops with reference at least one and the physical values of temperature correlation in when starting cylinder, and distinguishing when forbidding in starting will self ignition take place the time to this cylinder injection fuel.
6. according to the starting and control equipment of claim 5, one of the train value that descends at least when wherein, described fuel injection controller is by the reference starting distinguishes whether self ignition to take place as physical values: the wall surface temperature of the cylinder that humidity, fuel temperature and the piston of the barometric pressure of the cooling water temperature of internal-combustion engine, internal-combustion engine environment of living in, the air temperature of this environment, this environment stops in aspirating stroke.
7. according to any one starting and control equipment among the claim 2-6, wherein
Described internal-combustion engine is subjected to idling and stops control, stops internal-combustion engine when satisfying predetermined stop condition, restarting internal-combustion engine when satisfying predetermined restarting condition, and
When during from the halted state restarting, described fuel injection controller is carried out the control of fuel injection amount according to the differentiation result of described piston position because described idling stops control.
8. according to the starting and control equipment of claim 7, wherein, described fuel injection controller is by distinguishing whether self ignition to take place with reference to the endurance that is stopped to control the halted state that causes by described idling as physical values.
9, according to any one starting and control equipment among the claim 1-8, wherein said fuel injection controller is with respect to the air quantity in the cylinder, control is divided into the fuel injection amount that when internal-combustion engine stops piston position being in the cylinder of aspirating stroke, makes air fuel ratio in this cylinder less than chemically correct fuel.
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| JP2005006312 | 2005-01-13 | ||
| JP006312/2005 | 2005-01-13 | ||
| JP295023/2005 | 2005-10-07 |
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| CN101586503A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-25 | 福特环球技术公司 | Approach for engine start synchronization |
| CN102356225A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2012-02-15 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Automatic start-stop control device for internal combustion engine |
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| CN101694184B (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2013-04-10 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Method for controlling fuel injection when starting engine |
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| CN101586503B (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2014-05-21 | 福特环球技术公司 | Approach for engine start synchronization |
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