CN101059596B - Reflective optical device, color correction method, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents
Reflective optical device, color correction method, and electronic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是关于内建摄影机的技术领域,尤指一种反射式光学装置、色彩校正方法及电子设备。The invention relates to the technical field of a built-in camera, in particular to a reflective optical device, a color correction method and electronic equipment.
背景技术】Background technique】
在目前市面上,不论是色彩传感器(Colorimeter)、环境光亮度传感器(Ambient Light Sensor)、或视频摄影机(PC-CAM or Web-CAM)均以独立组件的形式存在。若欲使用上述三种装置所提供的功能,则必须分别购买,如此将会对使用者造成财务负担,且操作上也较为繁琐。所以,若能将上述三种装置整合在一起,将可大幅降低生产成本与使用者负担。In the current market, whether it is a color sensor (Colorimeter), an ambient light sensor (Ambient Light Sensor), or a video camera (PC-CAM or Web-CAM), they all exist in the form of independent components. If you want to use the functions provided by the above three devices, you must purchase them separately, which will cause a financial burden to the user, and the operation is also relatively cumbersome. Therefore, if the above three devices can be integrated, the production cost and user burden can be greatly reduced.
下述将略述色彩传感器、环境光亮度传感器、及视频摄影机的功能。The functions of the color sensor, ambient light sensor, and video camera are outlined below.
色彩传感器color sensor
一般来说,在个人计算机装置或笔记型计算机上,能影响人眼感受的色彩呈现的组件可能包括有视频译码器(Video Decoder)、绘图芯片(VGAChip)、及液晶显示器面板,其中又以液晶显示器面板的影响最为显著,且随着使用液晶显示器面板的时间增加,面板的老化(Aging)现象将使得产品的色彩输出品质随着使用时间的增加而改变。Generally speaking, on a personal computer device or a notebook computer, the components that can affect the color rendering of the human eye may include a video decoder (Video Decoder), a graphics chip (VGAChip), and a liquid crystal display panel. The impact of the liquid crystal display panel is the most significant, and as the time of using the liquid crystal display panel increases, the aging phenomenon of the panel will cause the color output quality of the product to change with the increase of the use time.
因此,为了描述上述不同组件间色彩品质的影响及面板老化的现象,目前市面上已有许多种类的色彩传感器来提供使用者进行显示装置色彩分布的描述与校正。Therefore, in order to describe the influence of the color quality among the above-mentioned different components and the phenomenon of panel aging, there are many kinds of color sensors on the market to provide users with description and correction of the color distribution of the display device.
色彩传感器除了动态范围较一般视频摄影机的传感器大之外,色彩传感器能将光能量以符合CIE标准色度系统XYZ输出(XYZ为CIE所定义的设备独立色空间(Device-Independent Color Space))。In addition to the larger dynamic range than that of ordinary video camera sensors, the color sensor can output light energy in accordance with the CIE standard chromaticity system XYZ (XYZ is the Device-Independent Color Space (Device-Independent Color Space) defined by CIE).
视频摄影机video camera
目前市面上已有许多电子设备(例如:笔记型计算机、LCD TV、手机、或PDA)内建有视频摄影机,以提供视频会议或视频聊天等功能。在成本的考量下,目前市售视频摄影机的传感器的频谱响应(Sensor SpectralResponsivity)多半与CIE标准色度系统XYZ成非线性相关,亦称为非色彩量度的传感器(Non-Colorimetric sensors)。因此,一般的视频摄影机只能输出设备从属色(Device Dependent Colors),而无法如同色彩传感器一样可以输出设备独立色。At present, there are many electronic devices (for example: notebook computers, LCD TVs, mobile phones, or PDAs) on the market with built-in video cameras to provide functions such as video conferencing or video chatting. In consideration of cost, most of the sensor spectral response (Sensor Spectral Responsivity) of commercially available video cameras is nonlinearly related to the CIE standard chromaticity system XYZ, also known as non-colorimetric sensors (Non-Colorimetric sensors). Therefore, general video cameras can only output device dependent colors (Device Dependent Colors), but cannot output device independent colors like color sensors.
环境光亮度传感器ambient light sensor
环境光亮度感测根据环境光源的变化对屏幕亮度进行自动调节,以使其达到能适合使用者的眼睛接受的最佳水平。例如:当使用者于一间光线昏暗的会议室内作展示时,降低屏幕亮度,避免过高的对比造成使用者不适。Ambient light brightness sensing automatically adjusts the screen brightness according to changes in the ambient light source, so that it reaches the optimum level acceptable to the user's eyes. For example: when the user is presenting in a conference room with dim light, reduce the brightness of the screen to avoid excessive contrast causing discomfort to the user.
由于上述色彩传感器、环境光亮度传感器、及视频摄影机皆具有能感测光线的传感器,且目前的笔记型计算机通常会装设有内建摄影机。因此,若内建摄影机能同时具备色彩传感器、环境光亮度传感器、及视频摄影等功能,则将可使得内建有摄影机的电子设备具有额外的附加功能,使得成品具有竞争力。Since the above-mentioned color sensor, ambient light sensor, and video camera all have sensors capable of sensing light, current notebook computers are usually equipped with a built-in camera. Therefore, if the built-in camera can simultaneously have functions such as a color sensor, an ambient light sensor, and a video camera, the electronic device with the built-in camera will have additional additional functions, making the finished product more competitive.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的一目的是在提供一种反射式光学装置、色彩校正方法及电子设备,以能利用内建摄影机与反射式光学装置来进行色彩量测。An object of the present invention is to provide a reflective optical device, a color calibration method, and an electronic device for color measurement using a built-in camera and the reflective optical device.
本发明的另一目的是在提供一种反射式光学装置、色彩校正方法及电子设备,俾能使得内建摄影机可同时提供色彩传感器与环境光亮度传感器的功能。Another object of the present invention is to provide a reflective optical device, a color correction method and an electronic device, so that the built-in camera can simultaneously provide the functions of a color sensor and an ambient light sensor.
依据本发明的一特色,是提供一种色彩校正方法,其利用一电子设备内建的一接收器及一色彩校正系统,校正该电子设备的一显示器的色彩,其特征在于,该方法包括下述步骤:According to a characteristic of the present invention, a color correction method is provided, which uses a built-in receiver and a color correction system in an electronic device to correct the color of a display of the electronic device, and is characterized in that the method includes the following The above steps:
自该显示器产生一光线;generate a light from the display;
以一反射式光学装置将该光线反射至该接收器;以及reflecting the light to the receiver with a reflective optic; and
以该色彩校正系统使用该接收器接收该光线后所产生的信号进行色彩校正,包括下述步骤:Using the color correction system to perform color correction using the signal generated by the receiver after receiving the light includes the following steps:
利用一反射镜补偿矩阵对该光线中的一第一色块相关信息光线中的降次色度信号进行补偿,以获得一补偿色度信号;using a mirror compensation matrix to compensate a degraded chromaticity signal in a first color block-related information ray in the ray, so as to obtain a compensated chromaticity signal;
利用一摄影机校正矩阵来校正该补偿色度信号,以获得一降次XYZ色度信号;以及correcting the compensated chrominance signal using a camera correction matrix to obtain a reduced XYZ chrominance signal; and
依据该降次XYZ色度信号来产生一色彩描述档。A color profile is generated according to the reduced XYZ chrominance signal.
其中在一塑形/矩阵模型下,依据该降次XYZ色度信号来产生该色彩描述档。The color profile is generated according to the reduced XYZ chrominance signal under a shaping/matrix model.
其中该第一色块具有多个数字RGB值。Wherein the first color block has multiple digital RGB values.
其中该色彩描述档是利用一优化法来对该多个数字RGB值与该降次XYZ色度信号之间的三维对应关系参数化所获得。The color profile is obtained by using an optimization method to parameterize the three-dimensional corresponding relationship between the plurality of digital RGB values and the reduced XYZ chrominance signal.
其中使用该反射镜补偿矩阵包括下述步骤:Wherein using the mirror compensation matrix comprises the following steps:
产生一第二色块,并提供一具有该第二色块相关信息的光线;generating a second color patch, and providing a ray with information related to the second color patch;
利用该反射式光学装置反射该具有该第二色块相关信息的光线,使得该具有该第二色块相关信息的光线被一第一色彩分析仪接收,以获得一反射的XYZ色度信号;using the reflective optical device to reflect the light with the information about the second color block, so that the light with the information about the second color block is received by a first color analyzer to obtain a reflected XYZ chromaticity signal;
利用一第二色彩分析仪接收该具有该第二色块相关信息的光线,以获得一第一直接XYZ色度信号;以及using a second color analyzer to receive the light with information about the second color patch to obtain a first direct XYZ chromaticity signal; and
利用一最小平方法对该反射的XYZ色度信号与该第一直接XYZ色度信号求出该反射镜补偿矩阵。The mirror compensation matrix is obtained by using a least squares method for the reflected XYZ chromaticity signal and the first direct XYZ chromaticity signal.
其中该摄影机校正矩阵是利用下述步骤取得:Wherein the camera correction matrix is obtained using the following steps:
产生一第三色块,并提供一具有该第三色块相关信息的光线;generating a third color patch, and providing a ray with information related to the third color patch;
利用该反射式光学装置反射该具有该第三色块相关信息的光线,使得该具有该第三色块相关信息的光线被该内建摄影机接收,以获得一线性RGB色度信号;using the reflective optical device to reflect the light with the information about the third color block, so that the light with the information about the third color block is received by the built-in camera to obtain a linear RGB chromaticity signal;
利用该反射镜补偿矩阵对该线性RGB色度信号进行补偿,以获得一补偿RGB色度信号;Compensating the linear RGB chromaticity signal by using the mirror compensation matrix to obtain a compensated RGB chromaticity signal;
利用一第三色彩分析仪接收该具有该第三色块相关信息的光线,以获得一第二直接XYZ色度信号;及using a third color analyzer to receive the light having information about the third color patch to obtain a second direct XYZ chromaticity signal; and
利用一最小平方法对该补偿RGB色度信号与该第二直接XYZ色度信号求出该摄影机校正矩阵。The camera correction matrix is obtained for the compensated RGB chrominance signal and the second direct XYZ chrominance signal by using a least squares method.
依据本发明的又一特色,是提供一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括:According to another feature of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, which is characterized in that it includes:
一显示器,其发出一光线;a display that emits a light;
一接收器;a receiver;
一反射式光学装置,其包括一第一反射镜,以及实质上垂直于该第一反射镜的一第二反射镜,该光线经由该第一反射镜与该第二反射镜反射后,进入该接收器;以及A reflective optical device, which includes a first reflector, and a second reflector substantially perpendicular to the first reflector, the light is reflected by the first reflector and the second reflector, and then enters the receiver; and
一色彩校正系统,其使用该接收器接收该光线后所产生的信号进行色彩校正,该色彩校正系统包括:A color correction system, which uses the signal generated by the receiver to receive the light to perform color correction, the color correction system includes:
一处理器,耦接该接收器,用来执行一程序代码;以及a processor, coupled to the receiver, for executing a program code; and
一储存存储器,耦接该处理器,用来储存该程序代码;a storage memory, coupled to the processor, for storing the program code;
其中该程序代码包含有:The program code includes:
利用一反射镜补偿矩阵对该光线中的一第一色块相关信息光线中的降次色度信号进行补偿,以获得一补偿色度信号;using a mirror compensation matrix to compensate a degraded chromaticity signal in a first color block-related information ray in the ray, so as to obtain a compensated chromaticity signal;
利用一摄影机校正矩阵来校正该补偿色度信号,以获得一降次XYZ色度信号;以及correcting the compensated chrominance signal using a camera correction matrix to obtain a reduced XYZ chrominance signal; and
依据该降次XYZ色度信号来产生一色彩描述档。A color profile is generated according to the reduced XYZ chrominance signal.
8、如权利要求7所述的电子设备,其特征在于,其中,该色彩校正系统包括:8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the color correction system comprises:
一处理器,耦接该接收器,用来执行一程序代码;以及a processor, coupled to the receiver, for executing a program code; and
一储存存储器,耦接该处理器,用来储存该程序代码;其中该程序代码中包含有:A storage memory, coupled to the processor, for storing the program code; wherein the program code includes:
利用一反射镜补偿矩阵对该光线中的一第一色块相关信息光线中的降次色度信号进行补偿,以获得一补偿色度信号;using a mirror compensation matrix to compensate a degraded chromaticity signal in a first color block-related information ray in the ray, so as to obtain a compensated chromaticity signal;
利用一摄影机校正矩阵来校正该补偿色度信号,以获得一降次XYZ色度信号;以及correcting the compensated chrominance signal using a camera correction matrix to obtain a reduced XYZ chrominance signal; and
依据该降次XYZ色度信号来产生一色彩描述档。A color profile is generated according to the reduced XYZ chrominance signal.
其中该接收器为一内建摄影机。Wherein the receiver is a built-in video camera.
其中该内建摄影机感测一特定范围内的一RGB色度信号,继而透过一摄影机校正矩阵转换该RGB色度信号为一XYZ色度信号,以供由该XYZ色度信号中的Y值来得知该内建摄影机所感测的环境光亮度。Wherein the built-in camera senses an RGB chrominance signal within a specific range, and then converts the RGB chrominance signal into an XYZ chrominance signal through a camera correction matrix for Y value in the XYZ chrominance signal To know the ambient light brightness sensed by the built-in camera.
其中,该反射式光学装置还包括一挂架及一壳体,该挂架与该壳体相连接,且该第一透镜、该第一反射镜、该第二反射镜、及该第二透镜皆组设于该壳体内。Wherein, the reflective optical device also includes a hanger and a housing, the hanger is connected to the housing, and the first lens, the first reflector, the second reflector, and the second lens All are assembled in the shell.
其中,该色彩校正系统的该处理器在一塑形/矩阵模型下,依据该降次XYZ色度信号来产生该色彩描述档。Wherein, the processor of the color correction system generates the color profile according to the reduced XYZ chrominance signal under a shaping/matrix model.
其中该第一色块具有多个数字RGB值。Wherein the first color block has multiple digital RGB values.
其中该处理器是利用一优化法来对该多个数字RGB值与该降次XYZ色度信号之间的三维对应关系参数化来产生该色彩描述档。The processor uses an optimization method to parameterize the three-dimensional corresponding relationship between the plurality of digital RGB values and the reduced XYZ chrominance signal to generate the color description file.
附图说明Description of drawings
为进一步说明本发明的具体技术内容,以下结合实施例及附图详细说明如后,其中:In order to further illustrate the specific technical content of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing detailed description as follows, wherein:
图1是本发明一较佳实施例的利用内建摄影机搭配反射式光学装置来进行色彩量测的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color measurement using a built-in camera and a reflective optical device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明一较佳实施例的反射式光学装置挂置于电子设备的显示器的侧视图。FIG. 2 is a side view of a reflective optical device hung on a display of an electronic device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明一较佳实施例的建立反射镜补偿矩阵的流程图。FIG. 3 is a flow chart of establishing a mirror compensation matrix in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明一较佳实施例的取得反射镜补偿矩阵的功能方块流程图。FIG. 4 is a flow chart of functional blocks for obtaining mirror compensation matrices in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明一较佳实施例的显示建立摄影机校正矩阵的流程图。FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the establishment of a camera correction matrix according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明一较佳实施例的取得摄影机校正矩阵的功能方块流程图。FIG. 6 is a functional block flow chart of obtaining a camera correction matrix in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明一较佳实施例的使用内建摄影机进行色彩描述的流程图。FIG. 7 is a flowchart of color description using a built-in camera according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明一较佳实施例的使用内建摄影机进行色彩描述的功能方块流程图。FIG. 8 is a functional block flow chart of color description using a built-in camera according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图9是电子设备的功能方块图。FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram of an electronic device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的较佳实施例提供一反射式光学装置,以使得内建于电子设备的接收器具有色彩传感器与亮度传感器的功能。A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a reflective optical device so that a receiver built in an electronic device can function as a color sensor and a brightness sensor.
有关反射式光学装置的说明,敬请一并参照图1、图2、及图9,其中图1显示利用内建接收器1搭配反射式光学装置2来进行色彩量测的示意图,图2显示反射式光学装置2挂置于电子设备3的显示器31的侧视图,图9显示电子设备3的功能方块图。For the description of the reflective optical device, please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 9 together, wherein FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of color measurement using a built-in
于图1中,内建接收器1组设于电子设备3的显示器31的一侧边上,反射式光学装置2挂置于显示器31上,且其所挂置的位置与内建接收器1相互对应。于本实施例中,电子设备3为笔记型计算机装置,在其它实施例中,电子设备3可为个人计算机装置、服务器、或可携式电子设备等电子产品。当然,在其它实施例中,反射式光学装置2的体积大小亦与其所挂置的显示器大小呈一比例关系。In FIG. 1, the built-in
于图2中,显示器31所发出的光线是可透过反射式光学装置2的作用而回到组设于显示器31本身的内建接收器1上,该接收器1并信号连接一色彩校正系统24,此色彩校正系统24是由电子设备3内的硬件或软件所实现。上述反射式光学装置2包括有挂架21与壳体22,其中挂架21与壳体22相互连接。上述壳体22中还包括有透镜221、224与反射镜222、223。In FIG. 2, the light emitted by the
于图9中,电子设备3包内建接收器1、处理器32、及储存存储器33。上述处理器32分别与内建接收器1及储存存储器33耦接。内建接收器1可用以接收一由显示器31所提供的具有第一色块相关信息的光线。上述处理器32用以执行一储存于储存存储器33的程序代码。于本实施例中,储存存储器33为挥发性存储器,例如:同步动态随机存取存储器(SDRAM),在其它实施例中,储存存储器33亦可为非挥发性存储器,例如:闪存。此外,程序代码中包含有:利用一反射镜补偿矩阵对该第一色块相关信息光线中的降次色度信号进行补偿,以获得一补偿色度信号;利用一摄影机校正矩阵来校正该补偿色度信号,以获得一降次XYZ色度信号;以及依据降次XYZ色度信号来产生一色彩描述档。有关程序代码的操作的进一步说明,容后详述。In FIG. 9 , the
前述透镜221组设于壳体22的其中一个开口,以用来接收显示器31所发出的光线,该显示器31所发出的光线会穿透透镜221而成为一透射光,且透射光会沿着光径23而抵达反射镜222。The aforementioned lens 221 is assembled in one of the openings of the housing 22 to receive the light emitted by the
前述反射镜222组设于壳体22中,且反射镜222与透镜221相对应。前述透射光抵达反射镜222时,透射光与反射镜222的角度为45度,所以反射镜222会全反射该透射光,使其成为第一反射光,且该第一反射光会沿着光径23而抵达反射镜223。The reflector 222 is assembled in the casing 22 , and the reflector 222 corresponds to the lens 221 . When the aforementioned transmitted light reaches the reflector 222, the angle between the transmitted light and the reflector 222 is 45 degrees, so the reflector 222 will totally reflect the transmitted light, making it the first reflected light, and the first reflected light will follow the light The path 23 reaches the mirror 223.
相类似地,反射镜223亦组设于壳体22中,且反射镜223与反射镜222实质呈90度垂直摆放。当第一反射光抵达反射镜223时,第一反射光与反射镜223的角度为45度,故反射镜223亦会全反射第一反射光,使其成为第二反射光,且该第二反射光会沿着光径23而抵达透镜224。Similarly, the reflector 223 is also assembled in the casing 22 , and the reflector 223 and the reflector 222 are substantially vertically arranged at 90 degrees. When the first reflected light reaches the reflector 223, the angle between the first reflected light and the reflector 223 is 45 degrees, so the reflector 223 also totally reflects the first reflected light, making it become the second reflected light, and the second reflected light The reflected light will reach the lens 224 along the optical path 23 .
透镜224组设于壳体22的另一个开口,且透镜224与反射镜223相对应,以接收反射镜223所反射的第二反射光。第二反射光会穿透透镜224,且沿着光径23而抵达接收器1。于图2中,接收器1为内建摄影机。在其它实施中,接收器1亦可能为一彩色分析仪。The lens 224 is assembled at another opening of the housing 22 , and the lens 224 corresponds to the mirror 223 to receive the second reflected light reflected by the mirror 223 . The second reflected light passes through the lens 224 and arrives at the
另外,于本实施例中,为了避免杂光散射影响接收器(可为内建摄影机1或彩色分析仪)的感测结果,在反射式光学装置2中非理想光径的部份是实施一不规则表面处理,以降低杂光的干扰。In addition, in this embodiment, in order to avoid stray light scattering from affecting the sensing results of the receiver (which can be a built-in
上述显示器31所发出的光线透过反射式光学装置2回到接收器1的过程中,被接收器1所接收的光线有可能因为反射式光学装置2的反射镜222、223的反射率而衰减(Distortion)。因此,为了使内建接收器1所获得的关于显示器31的色彩描述档保有高精确度,本较佳实施例以色彩校正系统24对于反射镜222、223在不同波长的反射率变化提供适当的补偿。此外,一般的消费性内建摄影机的传感器为非色彩量度的传感器(Non-Colorimetric Sensors),且其频谱响应(Sensor Spectral Response)多半与CIE标准色度系统XYZ成非线性相关,因此色彩校正系统24必须对内建摄影机1进行一校正处理。下述将分别说明色彩校正系统24对反射镜222、223的反射率补偿与内建摄影机的校正处理。When the light emitted by the
反射镜的反射率补偿Reflectivity Compensation for Mirrors
有关色彩校正系统24对反射镜的反射率补偿的说明,敬请一并参照图3与图4,其中图3显示建立反射镜补偿矩阵的流程图,图4显示取得反射镜补偿矩阵的功能方块流程图。For the description of the reflectance compensation of the mirror by the color correction system 24, please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 together, wherein FIG. 3 shows a flowchart for establishing a mirror compensation matrix, and FIG. 4 shows a functional block for obtaining a mirror compensation matrix. flow chart.
首先,利用安装于电子设备3的色块产生程序41产生多个不同的数字RGB值,使得待校正的电子设备3的显示器31显示具有多个不同颜色的色块,且发出具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S310)。First, use the color block generation program 41 installed in the
接着,利用第一色彩分析仪44及第二色彩分析仪45分别以直接与间接透过反射式光学装置2的方式各自对准显示器31所产生的色块进行量测。Next, use the
例如:利用反射式光学装置2来反射显示器31所发出的具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S315),使得与电子设备3电性连接的第一色彩分析仪44能够接收到具有该色块相关信息的光线,且第一色彩分析仪44会将其所侦测的结果送至电子设备3(步骤S320)。继而,利用安装于电子设备3中的色彩量测程序来对第一色彩分析仪44所侦测的结果进行处理,以获得一反射的XYZ色度信号(步骤S325)。For example: use the reflective
另外,利用第二色彩分析仪45来直接侦测显示器31所发出的具有该色块相关信息的光线,其中第二色彩分析仪45亦与电子设备3电性连接(步骤S330)。第二色彩分析仪45侦测到具有该色块相关信息的光线后,是会将其所侦测的结果送至电子设备3,以供利用安装于电子设备3中的色彩量测程序来对第二色彩分析仪45所侦测的结果进行处理,以获得一第一直接XYZ色度信号(步骤S335)。In addition, the
在获得反射的XYZ色度信号(具有复数组反射的XYZ值)与第一直接XYZ色度信号(具有复数组直接XYZ值)后,以3×3矩阵及利用最小平方法(Least Squares Estimation,LSE)计算出反射式光学装置2中的反射镜补偿矩阵(步骤S340)。于本实施例中,是利用一阶回归模型(First-OrderModel)来找出反射镜补偿矩阵,以描述直接XYZ<->反射XYZ的对应关系。在其它实施例中,亦可采用高阶回归模型(Higher-Order Model)、类神经网络、或其它线性方式来描述直接XYZ<->反射XYZ的对应关系。After obtaining the reflected XYZ chrominance signal (with complex group reflected XYZ values) and the first direct XYZ chrominance signal (with complex group direct XYZ values), use a 3×3 matrix and use the least squares method (Least Squares Estimation, LSE) Calculate the mirror compensation matrix in the reflective optical device 2 (step S340). In this embodiment, a first-order regression model (First-OrderModel) is used to find the mirror compensation matrix to describe the corresponding relationship of direct XYZ<->reflection XYZ. In other embodiments, a higher-order regression model (Higher-Order Model), a neural network, or other linear methods may also be used to describe the correspondence relationship of direct XYZ<->reflection XYZ.
内建摄影机的校正Calibration of the built-in camera
有关色彩校正系统24对内建摄影机的校正说明,敬请一并参照图5与图6,其中图5显示建立摄影机校正矩阵的流程图,图6显示取得摄影机校正矩阵的功能方块流程图。Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 together for the description of the calibration of the built-in camera by the color calibration system 24 , wherein FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of establishing a camera calibration matrix, and FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of functional blocks for obtaining a camera calibration matrix.
与上述说明相类似,首先利用色块产生程序61产生多个不同的数字RGB值,使得显示器31显示具有多个不同颜色的色块,且发出具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S510)。Similar to the above description, the color
接着,利用反射式光学装置2来将内建摄影机辗转对准显示器31所产生的色块进行量测。亦即,利用反射式光学装置2来反射显示器31所发出的具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S515),使得组设于电子设备3的内建摄影机能够接收到具有该色块相关信息的光线,且将其由光信号转换为电信号,继而内建摄影机并将其所产生的电信号进行模拟数字转换,以获得一线性RGB色度信号65(步骤S520)。继而,利用先前所获得的反射镜补偿矩阵66对线性RGB色度信号65进行补偿,以获得一补偿RGB色度信号67(步骤S525)。Next, the reflective
另外,利用与电子设备3电性连接的第三色彩分析仪68直接侦测显示器31所发出的具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S530)。第三色彩分析仪68侦测到具有该色块相关信息的光线后,是会将其所侦测的结果送至电子设备3,以供利用安装于电子设备3中的色彩量测程序来对第三色彩分析仪68所侦测的结果进行处理,以获得一第二直接XYZ色度信号(步骤S535)。In addition, the
在获得补偿RGB色度信号67与第二直接XYZ色度信号后,再度以3×3矩阵及利用最小平方法求出一摄影机校正矩阵(步骤S540)。After obtaining the compensated
由于目前的显示器大多为液晶显示器,而液晶显示器的背光源在使用一段时间(例如:2年)之后会发生老化现象,因此使用者若非常注重色彩输出品质,则使用者可透过本发明所提供的内建摄影机与反射式光学装置来对背光源老化的显示器进行色彩描述与校正。此外,上述反射镜补偿矩阵与摄影机校正矩阵可于电子设备在生产阶段时便设定完成,因此使用者欲对显示器进行色彩描述与校正时,便可方便地使用内建摄影机来达成,有关其说明,敬请一并参照图7与图8,其中图7显示使用内建摄影机进行色彩描述的流程图,图8显示使用内建摄影机进行色彩描述的功能方块流程图。Because most of the current displays are liquid crystal displays, and the backlight of the liquid crystal display will age after being used for a period of time (for example: 2 years). A built-in camera and reflective optics are provided for color profiling and correction of displays with aging backlights. In addition, the above-mentioned mirror compensation matrix and camera correction matrix can be set and completed during the production stage of the electronic equipment, so when users want to perform color description and correction on the display, they can conveniently use the built-in camera to achieve it. For explanation, please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 together, wherein FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of color description using a built-in camera, and FIG. 8 shows a flow chart of functional blocks using a built-in camera for color description.
首先,利用安装于电子设备3的色块产生程序81产生多个不同的数字RGB值,使得待校正的显示器31显示具有多个不同颜色的色块,且发出具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S710)。First, utilize the color
接着,利用反射式光学装置2来将内建摄影机1辗转对准显示器31所产生的色块进行量测。亦即,利用反射式光学装置2来反射显示器31所发出的具有该色块相关信息的光线(步骤S715),使得组设于电子设备的内建摄影机1能够接收到具有该色块相关信息的光线,以获得降次RGB色度信号85(步骤S720)。继而,利用先前所获得的反射镜补偿矩阵86对降次RGB色度信号85进行补偿,以获得一补偿RGB色度信号87(步骤S725)。Next, the reflective
继而,利用摄影机校正矩阵88来校正补偿RGB色度信号87,以转换为一降次XYZ色度信号89(步骤S730)。最后在采用塑形/矩阵模型下,以一多维度的优化法(例如:powell multidimensional optimization)来将色块产生程序81所产生的该等数字RGB值与降次XYZ色度信号89之间的三维对应关系参数化,以得到以内建摄影机1对发生老化现象的显示器31所进行的色彩描述档,其中色彩描述档可包括目前显示器的色域范围(Gamut)、色调复制曲线(Tone Reproduction Curve)、白点及暗点的色坐标等信息。Then, the
此外,本发明实施例所提供的内建摄影机除了可提供色彩传感器的功能外,亦可提供环境光亮度传感器的功能。传统的环境光亮度传感器通常仅具有一个感光组件,而本发明所提供的内建摄影机,包括有一感光数组,且该感光数组可取得一特定范围内所有亮度分布的信息,因此可利用该范围中较亮与较暗的亮度分布求出同步对比(Simultaneous ContrastRatio),其结果可以与最大亮度一起考虑,以作为电子设备3自动调整亮度的依据。In addition, the built-in camera provided by the embodiment of the present invention can not only provide the function of the color sensor, but also provide the function of the ambient light brightness sensor. Traditional ambient light brightness sensors usually only have one photosensitive component, but the built-in camera provided by the present invention includes a photosensitive array, and the photosensitive array can obtain information on all brightness distributions within a specific range, so it can use The simultaneous contrast (Simultaneous ContrastRatio) is obtained from the brighter and darker luminance distributions, and the result can be considered together with the maximum luminance as the basis for the
例如:先前内建摄影机对显示器所量身订作的色彩描述文件中记录了目前屏幕亮度允许的最大亮度,在不超过最大亮度的前提下,利用摄影机校正矩阵将内建摄影机所获得的RGB色度信号转换成XYZ色度信号,以求出内建摄影机所接收到的Y值(亮度值),亦即利用内建摄影机1感测出环境光亮度。继而,再以Y值作为索引值,以由一参考亮度表中取得适当的屏幕亮度值,以供电子设备3可依据该适当的屏幕亮度值来调整显示器的亮度。参考亮度表如下所示:For example: the color description file customized by the built-in camera for the display previously recorded the maximum brightness allowed by the current screen brightness. Under the premise of not exceeding the maximum brightness, use the camera correction matrix to convert the RGB color obtained by the built-in camera The chromaticity signal is converted into an XYZ chromaticity signal to obtain the Y value (brightness value) received by the built-in camera, that is, the built-in
还包由以上的说明可知,本发明实施例提供反射式光学装置来搭配内建摄影机,使得内建摄影机具有色彩传感器与亮度传感器的功能。另外,为了克服反射式光学装置的反射镜在不同波长的反射率变化,本发明实施例并提供反射镜补偿矩阵来对接收器所接收的光信号进行补偿,且为了改善内建摄影机的频谱响应与CIE标准色度系统成非线性相关的问题,本发明实施例并提供摄影机校正矩阵来对内建摄影机进行校正,由此达成色彩传感器的功能。It can also be seen from the above description that the embodiment of the present invention provides a reflective optical device to match the built-in camera, so that the built-in camera has the functions of a color sensor and a brightness sensor. In addition, in order to overcome the reflectivity change of the reflective mirror of the reflective optical device at different wavelengths, the embodiment of the present invention provides a mirror compensation matrix to compensate the optical signal received by the receiver, and in order to improve the spectral response of the built-in camera For the problem related to the non-linearity of the CIE standard chromaticity system, the embodiment of the present invention provides a camera correction matrix to calibrate the built-in camera, thereby realizing the function of the color sensor.
上述实施例仅是为了方便说明而举例而已,本发明所主张的权利范围自应以申请专利范围所述为准,而非仅限于上述实施例。The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for convenience of description, and the scope of rights claimed by the present invention should be based on the scope of the patent application, rather than limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.
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