CN101059556A - Superconductive quantum bit measuring system - Google Patents

Superconductive quantum bit measuring system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101059556A
CN101059556A CN200710022979.2A CN200710022979A CN101059556A CN 101059556 A CN101059556 A CN 101059556A CN 200710022979 A CN200710022979 A CN 200710022979A CN 101059556 A CN101059556 A CN 101059556A
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measuring system
quantum bit
signal source
superconductive quantum
amplifier
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CN200710022979.2A
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许伟伟
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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Abstract

The invention provides a superconductive quantum bit measuring system, comprising a signal source which current signal output is connected with an object Josephson node with two ends respectively connected with two inputs of a low-noise amplifier, while the output of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the positive end of the amplifier, and the negative end of the amplifier is grounded, the output of the amplifier is connected with a stop end of a counter which start end is connected with a synchronous signal output of the signal source, the current signal output of the signal source and the object Josephson node are serially connected with a copper powder filter between, the current signal output of the signal source and the copper powder fiber are serially connected with a RC filter between. The inventive system can effectively reduce noise and meet the demand of superconductive quantum bit measurement.

Description

A kind of superconductive quantum bit measuring system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring system, particularly a kind of superconductive quantum bit measuring system.
Background technology
Quantum calculation is a field that computer science, cryptographic technique, the communication technology and national security and commercial application is all had potential significant impact.Quantum bit is an elementary cell that realizes quantum computer, and superconductive quantum bit is the outstanding a kind of scheme of odds ratio in the numerous physical support.At a kind of form in the superconductive quantum bit---phase place quantum bit, we are by the statistical distribution of the measuring Josephson junction saltus step electric current characteristics such as its thermal excitation transition, quantum leap of analyzing and researching.
Adopt the method that obtains the saltus step electric current by measurement in the actual measurement, promptly obtain the statistical distribution curve of single Josephson junction saltus step electric current, and compare with theoretical value by measurement to the time to the time.Concrete principle is as follows: under a certain temperature, add direct current biasing at the Josephson junction two ends, this direct current increases gradually with the speed of dI/dt.At t 0Constantly, the bias current increase of starting from scratch, the voltage at monitoring knot two ends simultaneously, when junction voltage when zero jumps to a finite value, write down this moment corresponding t in a flash v, corresponding saltus step electric current is then reduced to bias current zero, makes knot return to initial state.Obtain the statistical property of saltus step electric current, need to repeat said process 10 4More than inferior, to I SwCarry out statistical distribution, obtain one group of P (I).Change temperature again, repeat said process, obtain other one group of P (I).Carrying out statistical distribution under different temperatures measures, the requirement system provides different temperature, and under a certain temperature saltus step electric current being carried out thousands of above measurements, so refrigeration machine will make Josephson junction can remain on very low temperature region, reach absolute temperature 10 milli degree just absolute temperature 0.01 spend.
Existing superconductive quantum bit measuring system, as shown in Figure 1, comprise, signal source (101), the current signal output end of this signal source (101) connects an end of tested Josephson junction (102), the other end ground connection of described tested Josephson junction (102), the two ends of described tested Josephson junction (102) connect two input ends of low noise amplifier (103) respectively, the output terminal of described low noise amplifier (103) connects the anode of amplifier (104), the negativing ending grounding of described amplifier (104), the output terminal linkage counter (105) of described amplifier (104) stop the end, the starting end of described counter (105) connects the output synchronous signal output end of described signal source (101), described counter (105) is connected with PC (106) respectively with signal source (101), and described tested Josephson junction (102) is placed in the Dewar (107) of refrigeration machine.
Do not adopt the equipment that reduces noise in the existing superconductive quantum bit measuring system, because under the utmost point low temperature, thermonoise is very low, Josephson junction noise to external world is very sensitive, when noise signal that tie or measuring system itself is coupled in the external world, during greater than the output signal at knot two ends, just can't measure the very weak quantum signal of knot generation.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned defective, the invention provides a kind of superconductive quantum bit measuring system, can effectively solve the noise problem in the superconductive quantum bit measuring system.
Superconductive quantum bit measuring system provided by the invention, comprise, signal source, the current signal output end of this signal source is used to connect tested Josephson junction, the two ends of described tested Josephson junction connect two input ends of low noise amplifier respectively, the output terminal of described low noise amplifier connects the anode of amplifier, the negativing ending grounding of described amplifier, the output terminal linkage counter of described amplifier stop the end, the starting end of described counter connects the output synchronous signal output end of described signal source, the RC wave filter of connecting between the copper powder wave filter of between the current signal output end of described signal source and tested Josephson junction, connecting, the current signal output end of described signal source and described copper powder wave filter.
Preferably, native system also comprises the optical coupling isolator between the starting end of the output synchronous signal output end that is connected on described signal source and described counter.
Preferably, native system also comprises the current signal output end that is connected on described signal source and the optical coupling isolator between the RC wave filter.
Preferably, native system also comprises the metal sample box that is used to place described tested Josephson junction.
Preferably, described metal sample box is to be made by the superconducting metal material.
Preferably, described superconducting metal material is an aluminum.
Preferably, described amplifier and optical coupling isolator adopt powered battery.
Preferably, described measuring system is used independently cable power supply of special use, and the use stake resistance is less than 1 ohm ground wire.
Preferably, described refrigeration machine Dewar is placed on the optics damped platform, and between the Dewar of described refrigeration machine and this optics damped platform the air bag vibroshock is set.
Preferably, the Dewar of described refrigeration machine is provided with the magnetic shielding bucket outward, and the part circulation line that is connected with the Dewar of described refrigeration machine is provided with electromagnetic shielding box outward, and described counter, signal source, low noise amplifier and amplifier are placed in the electromagnetic shielding chamber.
Noise in the superconductive quantum bit measuring system can be divided into neighbourhood noise (claim not only external noise) and system noise (but also claiming internal noise) substantially.Neighbourhood noise comprises the extraneous non-measured signal and the undesired signal of all outwardnesies, as the electromagnetic wave signal of spatial transmission, and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that electric equipment, power-equipment etc. sends, terrestrial magnetic field and various forms of artificial magnetic fields etc.System noise comprises intrinsic noise, circuit noise of electron device etc.Sometimes the vibration that the fluctuating of environment temperature, thermograde, environment produce etc. also can make the system noise increase.
Compared with prior art, superconductive quantum bit measuring system provided by the invention, series connection RC wave filter and copper powder wave filter between tested Josephson junction and signal source, thus effectively reduce the noise such as noise that signal source and lead are introduced.
In preferred version of the present invention,, thereby reduce the noise that produces by the signal source jitter at the output terminal series connection optical coupling isolator of signal source; The optical coupling isolator of between the starting end of the output synchronous signal output end of signal source and counter, connecting, thus the noise of counter reduced to signal source; Amplifier and optical coupling isolator all adopt powered battery, thereby reduce the noise that AC power is brought.
In preferred version of the present invention, tested Josephson junction is placed in the metal sample box, particularly use the superconducting metal aluminum to make sample box, Josephson junction and sample box tested during measurement are in the temperature environment of mk magnitude, and aluminium can change superconductor into after temperature drops to 1.14k, just become the superconducting shielding layer of tested Josephson junction periphery, can further reduce the interference of external environmental noise sample.
In preferred version of the present invention, use special-purpose independently cable power supply, stake resistance be set less than 1 ohm ground wire, can effectively prevent the noise of contaminated power supply to measuring.
In preferred version of the present invention, optics damped platform and air bag vibroshock are set, can effectively reduce the noise of vibrations to measuring.
In preferred version of the present invention, electro-magnetic screen layer, electro-magnetic screen layer and electromagnetic shielding chamber are set, can effectively shield terrestrial magnetic field and external electromagnetic field noise to measuring.
Generally speaking, superconductive quantum bit measuring system provided by the invention can reach the purpose of effective reduction noise, can satisfy the needs that superconductive quantum bit is measured.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of superconductive quantum bit measuring system in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Please referring to Fig. 2, the circuit diagram of the superconductive quantum bit measuring system that provides for the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, comprise, signal source (201), the current signal output end of this signal source (201) connects an end of tested Josephson junction (202), series connection copper powder wave filter (208) between the current signal output end of described signal source (201) and described tested Josephson junction (202), series connection RC wave filter (209) between the current signal output end of described signal source (201) and described copper powder wave filter (208), the optical coupling isolator (210) of between the current signal output end of described signal source (201) and described RC wave filter (209), connecting, the other end ground connection of described tested Josephson junction (202), the two ends of described tested Josephson junction (202) connect two input ends of low noise amplifier (203) respectively, the output terminal of described low noise amplifier (203) connects the anode of amplifier (204), the negativing ending grounding of described amplifier (204), the output terminal linkage counter (205) of described amplifier (204) stop the end, the starting end of described counter (205) connects the output synchronous signal output end of described signal source (201), the optical coupling isolator (211) of between the starting end of the output synchronous signal output end sum counter (205) of affiliated signal source (201), connecting, described counter (205) is connected with PC (206) respectively with signal source (201), described tested Josephson junction (202) is placed in the Dewar (207) of refrigeration machine, and described Josephson junction (202) is placed in the aluminium quality sample box.
Described superconductive quantum bit measuring system uses independently cable power supply of special use, and promptly this separate cable is that direct transformer from mains system inserts, and does not connect other any consumers.Described refrigeration machine Dewar (207) is placed on the optics damped platform, and between described refrigeration machine Dewar (207) and described optics damped platform the air bag vibroshock is set.The Dewar of described refrigeration machine is placed in the magnetic shielding bucket, and the part circulation line of described refrigeration machine is placed in the electromagnetic shielding box, and described counter, signal source, low noise amplifier and amplifier are placed in the electromagnetic shielding chamber.
Superconductive quantum bit is measured and need be carried out statistical distribution measure under different temperatures, requires system that different temperature is provided, and under a certain temperature saltus step electric current being carried out thousands of above measurements, so freeze
Superconductive quantum bit is measured and need carry out the statistical distribution measurement under different temperatures, the requirement system provides different temperature, and in the measurement of under a certain temperature saltus step electric current being carried out more than thousands of times, so refrigeration machine will make Josephson junction can remain on very low temperature region, reach absolute temperature 10 milli degree absolute temperature 0.01 degree just.
In the invention process, what use is the high-performance dilution refrigeration machine of the model of Oxford instrument company production as Kelvinox400MX, and unloaded temperature can reach 8mk, and temperature generally can reach 16mK when being loaded with sample.Have four cooling platforms, be respectively: the liquid helium platform (4.2K) of outermost, 1K pot platform (1.2K), still field platform (0.6K) and chill station (50mK).Described tested Josephson junction (202), aluminium quality sample box and copper powder wave filter (208) is placed on the chill station in the Dewar (207) of refrigeration machine, and the RC wave filter is placed on the 1K pot platform in the Dewar (207) of refrigeration machine.In theory, copper powder wave filter and RC wave filter are good more from the effect of the near more noise reduction of tested Josephson junction, promptly all be placed on the chill station in the refrigeration machine Dewar, but in the reality,, the chill station in the refrigeration machine Dewar measures required temperature because can not being issued in the situation of the so many load of carrying.
Noise in the superconductive quantum bit measuring system can be divided into neighbourhood noise (claim not only external noise) and system noise (but also claiming internal noise) substantially.Neighbourhood noise comprises the extraneous non-measured signal and the undesired signal of all outwardnesies, as the electromagnetic wave signal of spatial transmission, and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that electric equipment, power-equipment etc. sends, terrestrial magnetic field and various forms of artificial magnetic fields etc.System noise comprises intrinsic noise, circuit noise of electron device etc.Sometimes the vibration that the fluctuating of environment temperature, thermograde, environment produce etc. also can make the system noise increase.
Low noise superconductive quantum bit measuring system provided by the invention, series connection RC wave filter and copper powder wave filter between tested Josephson junction and signal source, thus effectively reduce noise such as noise that signal source and lead introduce, thermonoise.
In preferred version of the present invention,, thereby reduce the noise that produces by the signal source jitter at the output terminal series connection optical coupling isolator of signal source; The optical coupling isolator of between the starting end of the output synchronous signal output end of signal source and counter, connecting, thus the noise of counter reduced to signal source; Amplifier and optical coupling isolator all adopt powered battery, thereby reduce the noise that AC power is brought.
In preferred version of the present invention, tested Josephson junction is placed in the aluminium quality sample box, because tested Josephson junction and sample box is in the temperature environment of mk magnitude when measuring, and aluminium can play the effect that sample box that the superconducting metal materials such as effect, particularly lead of certain shielding noise make can be good at shielding noise equally equally at the sample box of temperature.
In preferred version of the present invention, use special-purpose independently cable power supply, stake resistance be set less than 1 ohm ground wire, can effectively prevent the noise of contaminated power supply to measuring.
In preferred version of the present invention, optics damped platform and air bag vibroshock are set, can effectively reduce the noise of vibrations to measuring.
In preferred version of the present invention, magnetic shielding bucket, electromagnetic shielding box and electromagnetic shielding chamber are set, can effectively shield terrestrial magnetic field and external electromagnetic field noise to measuring.
System also needs to add the Josephson junction current offset that is used for superconductive quantum bit when measuring.
Generally speaking, superconductive quantum bit measuring system provided by the invention can reach the purpose of effective reduction noise, can satisfy the needs that superconductive quantum bit is measured.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of superconductive quantum bit measuring system, comprise, signal source, the current signal output end of this signal source is used to connect tested Josephson junction, the two ends of described tested Josephson junction connect two input ends of low noise amplifier respectively, the output terminal of described low noise amplifier connects the anode of amplifier, the negativing ending grounding of described amplifier, the output terminal linkage counter of described amplifier stop the end, the starting end of described counter connects the output synchronous signal output end of described signal source, it is characterized in that, the RC wave filter of connecting between the copper powder wave filter of between the current signal output end of described signal source and tested Josephson junction, connecting, the current signal output end of described signal source and described copper powder wave filter.
2, superconductive quantum bit measuring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the optical coupling isolator between the starting end of the output synchronous signal output end that is connected on described signal source and described counter.
3, superconductive quantum bit measuring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the current signal output end that is connected on described signal source and the optical coupling isolator between the RC wave filter.
4, according to each described superconductive quantum bit measuring system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, also comprise the metal sample box that is used to place described tested Josephson junction.
5, superconductive quantum bit measuring system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described metal sample box is to be made by the superconducting metal material.
6, superconductive quantum bit measuring system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described superconducting metal material is an aluminum.
According to each described superconductive quantum bit measuring system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 7, described amplifier and optical coupling isolator adopt powered battery.
According to each described superconductive quantum bit measuring system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 8, described measuring system is used independently cable power supply of special use, and the use stake resistance is less than 1 ohm ground wire.
According to each described superconductive quantum bit measuring system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 9, described refrigeration machine Dewar is placed on the optics damped platform, and between the Dewar of described refrigeration machine and this optics damped platform, the air bag vibroshock is set.
10, according to each described superconductive quantum bit measuring system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the Dewar of described refrigeration machine is provided with the magnetic shielding bucket outward, the part circulation line that is connected with the Dewar of described refrigeration machine is provided with electromagnetic shielding box outward, and described counter, signal source, low noise amplifier and amplifier are placed in the electromagnetic shielding chamber.
CN200710022979.2A 2007-05-29 2007-05-29 Superconductive quantum bit measuring system Pending CN101059556A (en)

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CN103235251A (en) * 2013-04-12 2013-08-07 中国科学技术大学 Semiconductor quantum dot low-noise measuring system at extremely low temperature
CN103792500A (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-14 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 SBC structure based flux quantum counting direct reading circuit and method
CN105628992A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-06-01 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Quantum ultralow frequency voltage source
CN107408224A (en) * 2015-02-27 2017-11-28 耶鲁大学 Plane quantum bit is coupled to the technology and related system and method for on-plane surface resonator
WO2020088297A1 (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-07 华为技术有限公司 Quantum bit control device
CN111373659A (en) * 2017-12-01 2020-07-03 国际商业机器公司 Selective isolation of frequency multiplexed microwave signals using cascaded interferometric josephson isolators with non-overlapping bandwidths
CN111418153A (en) * 2017-12-01 2020-07-14 国际商业机器公司 Amplifying frequency multiplexed microwave signals using cascaded multi-path interferometric josephson directional amplifiers with non-overlapping bandwidths
CN112444715A (en) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Method for measuring crosstalk matrix of superconducting quantum chip
CN112782557A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-11 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Quantum chip test structure, preparation method and test method thereof
CN113193311A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-30 清华大学 Superconducting quantum control multiplexing microwave device and superconducting quantum test system
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RU2757858C1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-21 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Superconducting source of high-frequency noise
US11223355B2 (en) 2018-12-12 2022-01-11 Yale University Inductively-shunted transmon qubit for superconducting circuits
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CN103792500B (en) * 2012-11-01 2017-12-29 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 Flux quantum based on SBC configurations counts direct reading circuit and method
CN103792500A (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-14 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 SBC structure based flux quantum counting direct reading circuit and method
CN103235251B (en) * 2013-04-12 2015-05-27 中国科学技术大学 Semiconductor quantum dot low-noise measuring system at extremely low temperature
CN103235251A (en) * 2013-04-12 2013-08-07 中国科学技术大学 Semiconductor quantum dot low-noise measuring system at extremely low temperature
CN107408224A (en) * 2015-02-27 2017-11-28 耶鲁大学 Plane quantum bit is coupled to the technology and related system and method for on-plane surface resonator
CN107408224B (en) * 2015-02-27 2022-09-13 耶鲁大学 Techniques for coupling planar qubits to non-planar resonators and related systems
CN105628992A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-06-01 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Quantum ultralow frequency voltage source
CN111373659A (en) * 2017-12-01 2020-07-03 国际商业机器公司 Selective isolation of frequency multiplexed microwave signals using cascaded interferometric josephson isolators with non-overlapping bandwidths
CN111418153A (en) * 2017-12-01 2020-07-14 国际商业机器公司 Amplifying frequency multiplexed microwave signals using cascaded multi-path interferometric josephson directional amplifiers with non-overlapping bandwidths
CN111418153B (en) * 2017-12-01 2023-05-23 国际商业机器公司 Amplifying frequency multiplexed microwave signals using cascaded multiple interference josephson directional amplifiers with non-overlapping bandwidths
CN111373659B (en) * 2017-12-01 2023-05-09 国际商业机器公司 Selective isolation of frequency multiplexed microwave signals using cascaded multiple interference josephson isolators with non-overlapping bandwidths
WO2020088297A1 (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-07 华为技术有限公司 Quantum bit control device
US11875223B2 (en) 2018-10-29 2024-01-16 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Quantum bit control apparatus
US11223355B2 (en) 2018-12-12 2022-01-11 Yale University Inductively-shunted transmon qubit for superconducting circuits
CN112444715A (en) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Method for measuring crosstalk matrix of superconducting quantum chip
CN112444715B (en) * 2019-08-28 2021-12-03 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Method for measuring crosstalk matrix of superconducting quantum chip
CN113325293A (en) * 2020-08-18 2021-08-31 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Quantum chip test structure, preparation method and test method thereof
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CN112782557B (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-09-07 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Quantum chip test structure, preparation method and test method thereof
CN112782557A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-11 合肥本源量子计算科技有限责任公司 Quantum chip test structure, preparation method and test method thereof
US12016253B2 (en) 2020-12-29 2024-06-18 Origin Quantum Computing Technology (Hefei) Co., Ltd Quantum chip test structure and fabrication method therefor, and test method and fabrication method for quantum chip
RU2757858C1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-21 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Superconducting source of high-frequency noise
CN113193311A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-30 清华大学 Superconducting quantum control multiplexing microwave device and superconducting quantum test system
CN115659905A (en) * 2022-10-24 2023-01-31 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 Method and device for determining coupling strength between quantum devices in superconducting quantum chip layout
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