CN101056027A - Non symmetrical interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor - Google Patents
Non symmetrical interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101056027A CN101056027A CN 200710020564 CN200710020564A CN101056027A CN 101056027 A CN101056027 A CN 101056027A CN 200710020564 CN200710020564 CN 200710020564 CN 200710020564 A CN200710020564 A CN 200710020564A CN 101056027 A CN101056027 A CN 101056027A
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Abstract
The present invention provides an unsymmetrical, crossly mixed excitation synchronous motor pertaining to the technology field of electric motor for variable-speed driving. The technology problem to be solved is: a new type mixed excitation synchronous motor which has been improved to have a higher efficiency, a bigger low-speed starting torque and a wider timing range. The motor in the present invention adopts a structure with an internal stator and an external stator. A stator back yoke (15) for magnetic guiding in the axes direction of a stator is provided out of a stator, adopting a unique tile shaped structure which is easy to process. The external stator is identical to the traditional stator of the electric motor, and the ring shaped field copper (7) is fixed on the end cover (14) of the electric motor to form an internal stator through a field yoke bracket (12). The thickness of the Claw-Pole (5) of the N pole is identical to that of the Claw-Pole (11) of the S pole, and the permanent-magnet pole (1) and the magnet core pole (2) of the N pole are adhered on the surface of the Claw-Pole of the N pole, and are separated by an air gap (9) for separating the magnet; the permanent-magnet pole (8) and the magnet core pole (10) of the S pole are adhered on the surface of the Claw-Pole of the S pole, and are separated by an air gap (9) for separating the magnet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improved motor, particularly a kind of high efficiency, low speed and detent torque are big, wide range speed control and the direct mixed exciting synchronization motor in field such as driving, belong to the technical field of motor manufacturing.
Background technology
There is not winding on the permanent magnet machine rotor, no excitation loss, so reliable operation, the efficient height, but permanent magnetic field is regulated difficult its application that limited.Permanent magnetism and electric excitation are reasonably organically combined, the advantage of both comprehensive electro-magnetic motor of research and development and permanent magnet excitation motor, can overcome the mixed excitation electric machine of defective separately again, thereby bring into play both advantages to greatest extent, become an important subject of machine field.
Mixed excitation electric machine is because its magnetic flux is adjustable, can be when using by increasing magnetic and weak magnetic is realized wide range speed control as motor, the magnetic circuit topological structure of appropriate design permanent magnetism and electric excitation and magnetic flux ratio separately, particularly speed adjustable range is most important for improving the motor combination property.Japan doctor T.Mixuno has proposed axial/radial magnetic circuit mixed excitation synchronous machine as far back as 1994, a lot of scholars have carried out theoretical research to this motor, and obtain Preliminary Applications in engineering.This motor permanent-magnet pole and the utmost point unshakable in one's determination are staggered, and novelty simple in structure does not have additional air gap, and electric excitation efficiency is higher.But its excitation winding is installed on the external stator, causes every circle length longer, and winding resistance is bigger, and electric excitation loss is more; Secondly, its excitation winding installing space is very limited, increase electric excitation ratio, needs to increase the motor axial length morely, reduces the utilance of material.For overcoming the shortcoming of this motor, structure of the present invention is proposed, to make full use of the internal rotor space, adopt the tile claw-pole structure that is easy to process, electric excitation winding is moved on on the internal stator, constitute asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of improved, high efficiency, big detent torque, low speed torque can be in harmonious proportion the comparatively broad asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor of speed adjustable range.
Technical scheme: asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor of the present invention is made up of rotor, stator, institute, it is characterized in that: this motor constitutes external stator by stator core and armature winding, constitute internal stator by circular excitation winding and yoke bracket, constitute rotor by the N utmost point pawl utmost point, the S utmost point pawl utmost point, N utmost point permanent-magnet pole, S utmost point permanent-magnet pole, the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination, the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination, rotor yoke and motor shaft; Wherein, stator core is fixed on the stator back of the body yoke of magnetic conduction, and excitation winding is enclosed within on the cylindrical shape yoke bracket, and yoke bracket is fixed on the electric motor end cap.
Motor shaft adopts non-magnetic conductive steel.N utmost point permanent-magnet pole and the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination is attached to N utmost point pawl extremely on the surface, and the centre is used every magnetic air gap and separated; S utmost point permanent-magnet pole and the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination is attached to S utmost point pawl extremely on the surface, and the centre is used every magnetic air gap and separated.N utmost point permanent-magnet pole equates that with the S utmost point permanent-magnet pole axial length N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination and S pole axis extremely unshakable in one's determination are to equal in length.Permanent-magnet pole (comprising N utmost point permanent-magnet pole and S utmost point permanent-magnet pole) can equate also can not wait with the utmost point unshakable in one's determination (comprising the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination and the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination) axial length.The permanent-magnet pole that pawl is extremely gone up and the utmost point unshakable in one's determination can be divided into left and right sides two parts in the axial direction, be N utmost point permanent-magnet pole and the extremely extremely alternate installation of iron core of S on one side, another side is S utmost point permanent-magnet pole and the extremely extremely alternate installation of iron core of N, and the N of the right and left utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination and the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination pawl utmost point that staggers.Each N utmost point pawl utmost point is all the tile shape shape mutually with S utmost point pawl utmost point thickness, and the N utmost point pawl utmost point and the S utmost point pawl utmost point evenly distribute along circumference.The rotor discs of each adjacent N utmost point pawl utmost point and magnetic conduction closely is connected to a fixed, and the rotor annulus of each adjacent S utmost point pawl utmost point and magnetic conduction closely is connected to a fixed.Use between each N utmost point pawl utmost point and the adjacent rotors annulus and between the S utmost point pawl utmost point and the adjacent rotors disk every the magnetic aluminium block to be connected and to be fixed into an integral body, constitute the part of rotor jointly every magnetic.The non-magnetic stainless steel collar encapsulation of rotor external application.
Stator core is outside equipped with the stator back of the body yoke of magnetic conduction.The rotor pawl utmost point comprises that the N utmost point pawl utmost point and S utmost point pawl number of pole-pairs are 4 at least.Described N utmost point permanent-magnet pole and S utmost point permanent-magnet pole are selected Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material for use.Motor shaft adopts non-magnetic conductive steel.
The concrete adjustable magnetic principle of motor is as follows:
During excitation-free current, air-gap field is only produced by permanent-magnet pole, and overwhelming majority work magnetic flux is got back to the S utmost point permanent-magnet pole and the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination from N utmost point permanent-magnet pole respectively through air gap and stator core, and this part magnetic circuit participates in the power conversion of motor, is the main flux of motor.
When motor passed to the DC excitation electric current, according to the principle of magnetic resistance minimum, the electro-magnetic flux of motor was most extremely closed by iron core, and at this moment, electro-magnetic flux has 2 magnetic circuits: magnetic circuit 1 needs the axial and stator back of the body yoke magnetic conduction through stator core, and the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance is bigger; Magnetic circuit 2 is the loop that adjacent utmost point alternating share unshakable in one's determination forms, and without the stator shaft orientation magnetic conduction, the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance is less.Therefore, magnetic circuit 2 can make motor obtain wideer adjustable magnetic scope under same electric field ampere-turns.In addition, be the axial magnetic conduction magnetic resistance of the stationary part that reduces electric magnetic excitation circuit 1, magnetic conduction stator back of the body yoke is set outside stator core, further improve electric excitation adjustable magnetic efficient.
When exciting current greater than zero the time, the air gap effective magnetic field strengthens, and when exciting current increases to certain value, samely extremely goes up permanent-magnet pole and pole field unshakable in one's determination is equidirectional, for armature winding, polarity of the magnetic field is identical under the same coil, the enhancing of air gap resultant magnetic field; When exciting current less than zero the time, the same permanent-magnet pole that extremely goes up is opposite with pole field direction unshakable in one's determination.For armature winding, the existing N utmost point has the S utmost point again under the same coil, and the air gap effective magnetic field weakens.Special when electric current increases to certain value, the vanishing of air gap resultant magnetic field.
Beneficial effect: because the DC excitation winding places in the formed zone, inside and outside unit by the tile pawl utmost point space availability ratio height, compact conformation.Excitation winding places internal rotor, makes every circle magnet exciting coil shorten greatly, thereby excitation winding resistance and excitation loss are reduced, and electric efficiency is improved.In addition, because the internal rotor space is bigger, can hold the more magnet exciting coil number of turn.
Adopt the tile claw-pole structure, greatly simplified manufacturing technique.
By unique asymmetric staggered permanent-magnet pole electrode structure unshakable in one's determination and stator back of the body yoke are set, can realize broad adjustable magnetic scope.When excitation winding passed to the DC excitation electric current of different size and Orientations, air-gap flux was constant substantially on the permanent-magnet pole, had avoided the risk of permanent-magnet pole irreversible demagnetization.By magnetic conduction stator back of the body yoke is set, most magnetic fluxes that exciting current produced are able to form the loop through the utmost point unshakable in one's determination, and the loop magnetic resistance reduces greatly, and the utmost point unshakable in one's determination becomes independently adjustable magnetic magnetic pole, and electric excitation efficiency is greatly improved.
Therefore, the size and Orientation of control exciting current just can be realized air-gap field economy and regulate freely.And can rationally arrange the axial length ratio and the thickness of the permanent-magnet pole and the utmost point unshakable in one's determination according to actual adjustable magnetic needs, guaranteeing low speed moment and should having on the basis of power at a high speed, realize required adjustable magnetic and speed adjustable range.
The present invention makes this part electricity energized circuit not be subjected to the influence of the axial magnetic resistance of stationary part by increasing foregoing electric magnetic excitation circuit 2, and magnetic resistance is less in the magnetic circuit, can make motor obtain bigger adjustable magnetic scope under identical electric field ampere-turns.In addition, stator core is provided with magnetic conduction stator back of the body yoke outward can make the axial magnetic resistance of stationary part of foregoing electric magnetic excitation circuit 1 reduce, and further improves electric excitation adjustable magnetic efficient.
In sum, the present invention is owing to adopted magnetic conduction stator back of the body yoke, establish excitation winding on the internal stator, and rotor claw is established the structure of the adjustable magnetic utmost point unshakable in one's determination and two kinds of staggered magnetic poles of permanent-magnet pole on extremely, successfully solved the defective of permagnetic synchronous motor adjustable magnetic difficulty, its adjustable magnetic effect is fairly obvious, has improved the adjusting function of motor torque and rotating speed effectively.The present invention is a kind of efficient height, starts, low speed moment is big, and torque can be in harmonious proportion the wide new type composite excitation synchronous motor of speed-regulating range width.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor structural representation;
Fig. 2 is asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor rotor profiles figure;
Fig. 3 is asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor rotor expanded view;
Fig. 4 is asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor rotor discs and rotor yoke figure;
Fig. 5 is asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor rotor doughnut;
Fig. 6 is asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor rotator model figure;
Have among the above figure: N utmost point permanent-magnet pole 1, the N utmost point 2 extremely unshakable in one's determination, stator core 3, armature winding 4, the N utmost point pawl utmost point 5, motor shaft 6, excitation winding 7, S utmost point permanent-magnet pole 8, every magnetic air gap 9, the S utmost point 10 extremely unshakable in one's determination, the S utmost point pawl utmost point 11, yoke bracket 12, rotor yoke 13, end cap 14, stator back of the body yoke 15, collar 16 is every magnetic aluminium block 17, rotor discs 18, rotor annulus 19, screw 20.
Embodiment
The external stator of this motor and the stator of common electric machine are similar, are embedded with heterogeneous symmetrical armature winding 4 in the groove, are placed with circular excitation winding 7 on electric motor internal stator.Excitation winding 7 is fixed on the electric motor end cap 14 by the yoke bracket 12 of magnetic conduction.Because excitation winding 7 places in the formed zone, inside and outside unit by the tile pawl utmost point, space availability ratio height, compact conformation.Excitation winding 7 places internal rotor, makes every circle magnet exciting coil shorten greatly, thereby excitation winding 7 resistance and excitation loss are reduced, and electric efficiency is improved.In addition, because the internal rotor space is bigger, can hold more magnet exciting coil.
Adopt the tile pawl utmost point, convenient processing, simplified manufacturing technique greatly.
By unique asymmetric staggered permanent-magnet pole electrode structure unshakable in one's determination and stator back of the body yoke 15 are set, can realize broad adjustable magnetic scope.When excitation winding 7 was led to the direct current of different size and Orientations, air-gap flux was constant substantially on the permanent-magnet pole, has avoided the risk of permanent magnetism irreversible demagnetization.By magnetic conduction stator back of the body yoke 15 is set, the magnetic flux that exciting current produced is able to form the loop through the utmost point unshakable in one's determination, makes electric energized circuit magnetic resistance reduce greatly, has improved electric excitation efficiency.Air-gap flux on the utmost point unshakable in one's determination and the permanent-magnet pole is relation in parallel on magnetic circuit, both actings in conjunction form synthetic air-gap flux.
Therefore, can realize the free adjustment of air-gap field by the size and Orientation of control exciting current.And can rationally arrange the axial length ratio and the thickness of the permanent-magnet pole and the utmost point unshakable in one's determination according to actual needs, guaranteeing low speed moment and should having on the basis of power at a high speed, realize required adjustable magnetic scope and speed adjustable range.Shown in Fig. 1-6, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor mainly is made up of following components: stator core 3, armature winding 4, stator back of the body yoke 15, the rotor claw utmost point, rotor yoke 13, motor shaft 6, permanent-magnet pole, the utmost point unshakable in one's determination and excitation winding 7 etc.
Stator comprises external stator and internal stator two parts, and external stator comprises stator core 3 and armature winding 4, and internal stator is made of excitation winding 7 and yoke bracket 12; Internal stator is fixed on the electric motor end cap 14 by screw by yoke bracket 12.
Stator core 3 peripheral hardware cylindrical stators back of the body yoke 15 is used for axial magnetic conduction, and material can be selected steel for use No. 10.
No. 10 steel cylinder cuttings are formed the tile pawl utmost point, each pawl utmost point forms rotor integral body by magnetic conduction rotor annulus 19 and the magnetic conduction rotor discs 18 that screw is fixed in rotor tip, the pawl utmost point, rotor annulus 19, rotor discs 18 and all be equipped with screw 20 on magnetic aluminium block 17 are shown in Fig. 2,4,5.The pawl utmost point is staggered on rotor circumference, evenly distributes.Use between each pawl utmost point and adjacent rotors annulus 19 or the rotor discs 18 every magnetic aluminium block 17 and be connected and fixed by screw.
For guaranteeing the pawl utmost point, rotor discs 18, rotor annulus 19 and the reliable firmly connection between magnetic aluminium block 17, can process an annular shallow grooves at screw 20 positions, process an annular salient pole every magnetic aluminium block 17 other ends and pawl utmost point both ends every magnetic aluminium block 17 1 ends, rotor discs 18 and rotor annulus 19.During assembling, the salient pole of the pawl utmost point inserts corresponding in the groove of magnetic aluminium block 17, rotor discs 18 and rotor annulus 19 respectively.
For simplifying technology, the utmost point unshakable in one's determination can be used as a part and the extremely whole processing of pawl of the pawl utmost point, and the pawl utmost point one end is processed the groove of a proper axial length, and permanent-magnet pole is affixed in this groove.
Rotor encapsulates with non-magnetic stainless steel collar 16, and robustness and reliability during with enhancing rotor high-speed rotary work guarantee the even running of motor in the process of running up.
In addition, consider, select to have the material of the Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material of higher HCJ as the motor permanent-magnet pole from improving motor gas-gap magnetic thermal stability close and magnet steel.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor, form by rotor, stator, institute, it is characterized in that: this motor constitutes external stator by stator core (3) and armature winding (4), constitute internal stator by circular excitation winding (7) and yoke bracket (12), constitute rotor by the N utmost point pawl utmost point (5), the S utmost point pawl utmost point (11), N utmost point permanent-magnet pole (1), S utmost point permanent-magnet pole (8), the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (2), the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (10), rotor yoke (13) and motor shaft (6); Wherein, stator core (3) is fixed on the stator back of the body yoke (15) of magnetic conduction, and excitation winding (7) is enclosed within on the cylindrical shape yoke bracket (12), and yoke bracket (12) is fixed on the electric motor end cap (14).
2, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: motor shaft (6) adopts non-magnetic conductive steel.
3, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: N utmost point permanent-magnet pole (1) and the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (2) is attached on the N utmost point pawl utmost point (5) surface, and the centre is used every magnetic air gap (9) and separated; S utmost point permanent-magnet pole (8) and the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (10) is attached on the S utmost point pawl utmost point (11) surface, and the centre is used every magnetic air gap (9) and separated.N utmost point permanent-magnet pole (1) equates that with S utmost point permanent-magnet pole (8) axial length the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (2) equates with the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (10) axial length.Permanent-magnet pole (comprising N utmost point permanent-magnet pole and S utmost point permanent-magnet pole) can equate also can not wait with the utmost point unshakable in one's determination (comprising the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination and the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination) axial length.The permanent-magnet pole that pawl is extremely gone up and the utmost point unshakable in one's determination can be divided into left and right sides two parts in the axial direction, be N utmost point permanent-magnet pole (1) and the alternate installation of the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (10) on one side, another side is a S utmost point permanent-magnet pole (8) and the alternate installation of the N utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (2), and the N of the right and left utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (2) and the S utmost point extremely unshakable in one's determination (10) the pawl utmost point that staggers.
4, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each N utmost point pawl utmost point (5) is all the tile shape shape mutually with the S utmost point pawl utmost point (11) thickness, and the N utmost point pawl utmost point (5) and the S utmost point pawl utmost point (11) evenly distribute along circumference.Each adjacent N utmost point pawl utmost point (5) closely is connected to a fixed with the rotor discs (18) of magnetic conduction, and each adjacent S utmost point pawl utmost point (11) closely is connected to a fixed with the rotor annulus (19) of magnetic conduction.Use between each N utmost point pawl utmost point (5) and the adjacent rotors annulus (19) and between the S utmost point pawl utmost point (11) and the adjacent rotors disk (18) every magnetic aluminium block (17) to be connected and to be fixed into an integral body, constitute the part of rotor jointly every magnetic.The non-magnetic stainless steel collar of rotor external application (16) encapsulation.
5, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: stator core (3) is outside equipped with the stator back of the body yoke (15) of magnetic conduction.
6, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rotor pawl utmost point (comprising the N utmost point pawl utmost point (5) and the S utmost point pawl utmost point (11)) logarithm is 4 at least.
7, asymmetric interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described N utmost point permanent-magnet pole (1) and S utmost point permanent-magnet pole (8) are selected Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material for use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100205641A CN101056027B (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2007-03-12 | Non symmetrical interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100205641A CN101056027B (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2007-03-12 | Non symmetrical interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101056027A true CN101056027A (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| CN101056027B CN101056027B (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2007100205641A Expired - Fee Related CN101056027B (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2007-03-12 | Non symmetrical interleaving mixed exciting synchronization motor |
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| CN101056027B (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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