CN101051500B - Defect management method and system of optical disk drive - Google Patents
Defect management method and system of optical disk drive Download PDFInfo
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- CN101051500B CN101051500B CN200610094335XA CN200610094335A CN101051500B CN 101051500 B CN101051500 B CN 101051500B CN 200610094335X A CN200610094335X A CN 200610094335XA CN 200610094335 A CN200610094335 A CN 200610094335A CN 101051500 B CN101051500 B CN 101051500B
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Abstract
A method for managing data on an optical discincludes two different memory areas allocated in the memory of an optical disc drive, one is used to temporarily store an original defect table from the optical disc, the other is used to temporarily store new used-entries established during a data write-in. All newly established used-entries are sorted and stored in the same memory area but remain separate from the used-entries in the original defect table in the other memory area. Only when the optical disc drive stops accessing data, all used-entries in the two memory areas are combined and sorted, which results in an updated defect table written back onto the optical disc.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of CD-ROM drive and method of managing and storing the address of defective data block on the discs, refer in particular to a kind of CD-ROM drive and method that the address of defective data block on the discs was managed and stored to new defect map (defect table) that in storer, produce.
Background technology
Discs is because have less size, higher storage volume and lower price, in present information society, become a very important nonvolatile storage media fast, for example, the development of DVD-RAM disc has made the user can write data according to the demand of oneself on discs to become possiblely, make this DVD-RAM disc have higher application elasticity like this.
CD-ROM drive is in order to write or to read the device of a discs, see also Fig. 1, Figure 1 shows that a known CD-ROM drive 10, CD-ROM drive 10 includes a supporting disk (holder plate) 14 and comes supporting CD sheet 22, a motor 12 to drive supporting disk 14, a read/write head 16 access data, a control circuit 18 on discs 22 to control all relevant data in the operation of CD-ROM drive 10 and a storer 20 (for example dynamic RAM) is recorded in control circuit 18 as apparatus for temporary storage the running.
Data on the discs 22 are that the mark via etched area (pit) and flat region (land) comes imprinting in regular turn on track 24, be noted that for different types of CD-ROM drive, the imprinting etched area is different with the mode of the mark of flat region, with the DVD-RAM disc is example, it adopts a kind of phase change mode to come the mark of imprinting etched area and flat region, in other words, using the data carving mode at the DVD-RAM disc is similar in appearance to the data carving mode of using at the CD-RW disc.When CD-ROM drive 10 was ready to write data on discs 22, at first, CD-ROM drive 10 stored the data that will write earlier at storer 20, and this moment, data did not write discs as yet.Read/write head 16 is checked the defective on discs 22 simultaneously, and is transmitted this check result and give control circuit 18.
Usually cause defective owing to the change of scratch, material behavior or the interference of dust, make data can't write on the discs 22, in order to increase the reliability of discs (for example DVD-RAM disc), the Information technology industry continues in research and development disk defect managing method always, when some zone of this discs includes a defective, such zone just is not suitable for bringing storage data, and the DVD-RAM form can be rewritten the storable zone of this target data to one.
When CD-ROM drive 10 was attempted from discs 22 access datas, temporarily the defect map of loaded disc sheet 22 was to storer 20, and as haveing the knack of known to this skill person, the DVD-RAM disc includes two defect maps, its will after more detailed description is arranged.During data on CD-ROM drive 10 is tried access discs 22, the data that the address of CD-ROM drive 10 each block of usefulness goes access to want, if a block is defective, then CD-ROM drive 10 is because the alternate data block (replacement data block) that stores user's data is found out in the help of defect map, thus, even defectiveness on the discs 22 still can be read stored data above the discs 22.
Need upgrade the defect map that is temporarily stored in the storer 20 when on the other hand, CD-ROM drive 10 writes data on discs 22.For example, suppose that CD-ROM drive 10 during writing data (no matter being format stage or write phase) finds a new defective on discs 22, CD-ROM drive 10 be according to the defective addresses order (that is, address based on this new defective) directly insert correspond to this new defective a data item (entry) to the defect map that is temporary in storer 20, the details of this operation is understood by those who familiarize themselves with the technology, so do not give unnecessary details in addition at this; Afterwards, when CD-ROM drive 10 stops data on the access discs 22, defect map after CD-ROM drive 10 just will upgrade is written back to discs 22 from storer 20, for example, when discs 22 is finishing format stage or write phase and is retreating sheet, then CD-ROM drive 10 just stops at access data on the discs 22, and when CD-ROM drive 10 is tried at discs 22 access datas next time, and the defect map after this renewal just can provide CD-ROM drive 10 required reference information.
Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 2 is known CD-ROM drive 10 applied major defect table (primary defect list, PDL) 26 synoptic diagram, and Fig. 3 is secondary defect table (secondary defect list, SDL) 26 the synoptic diagram of known CD-ROM drive 10.Please note, the data length of arbitrary data item (entry) of the major defect table 26 of DVD-RAM disc all is 4 bytes, its by following information and in bracket the pairing size institute that need to store this information formed: major defect table classification (1 byte) and defective addresses (3 byte); Same, please note, in secondary defect table 28, the data length of each data item is 8 bytes, its by following information and in bracket the pairing size institute that need to store this information formed: secondary defect table classification (1 byte), defective addresses (3 byte), reserve bytes (1 byte) and alternative address (3 byte).No matter their position, the data item of major defect table 26 and secondary defect table 28 is stored according to the pairing address of defective data block, for example, the defective data block can store with the mode that increases progressively, as PDL data item 0＜PDL data item 1＜PDL data item 2＜PDL data item P＜FFFFFFFF.Note that FFFFFFFF represents the ending of major defect table 26, yet for being used for for the block of substitutional defect block, may there be any particular order in its corresponding address.Generally speaking, major defect table 26 is the defectives that are used for being recorded in the format stage, and secondary defect table 28 then is the defective that is used for being recorded in write phase.
As discussed previously, if CD-ROM drive 10 is found a defective data block during write phase, then CD-ROM drive 10 just uses another block (a for example available blank block) can replace this defective data block, and renewal is temporarily stored in the secondary defect table 28 in the storer 20, thus, the secondary defect table after the renewal 28 just reflects up-to-date connection relationship between this defective data block and the alternate data block.
Clearly, in the known skill, the usefulness of defect management method is poor, mainly be that it causes the sorting operation of unnecessary modification and often execution will reduce the usefulness of storer 20 to major defect table 26 in the storer 20 or secondary defect table 28, so, clearly need method and device new and improvement.
Summary of the invention
According to one embodiment of the invention, it discloses a kind of defect management method that a CD-ROM drive is managed the defect information of a discs that is applied to, this CD-ROM drive stores a plurality of defect maps that comprise at least one first defect map and one second defect map, this first defect map writes down a plurality of first defective data items and this second defect map writes down a plurality of second defective data items, this method includes: set up a new defect map, the data structure compatibility of a corresponding defect map in the data structure adaptability ground of this new defect map and these a plurality of defect maps; An additional self adaptive defective data item is to this new defect map, this self adaptive defective data item comprises a new defect information that corresponds to a new defective, and the data structure compatibility of defective data item in the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item defect map corresponding with this; And when a condition meets, a plurality of self adaptive defective data items are merged to this stored corresponding defect map of this CD-ROM drive.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a kind of fault management system that a CD-ROM drive is managed the defect information of a discs that is applied in, and it includes: an optical read/write head, a storer and a controller.This storer is used for storing a plurality of defect maps that comprise at least one first defect map and one second defect map, and this first defect map writes down a plurality of first defective data items and this second defect map writes down a plurality of second defective data items; And be used for storing a new defect map corresponds to a plurality of new defect information with record a plurality of self adaptive defective data item, the data structure compatibility of a corresponding defect map in the data structure adaptability ground of this new defect map and these a plurality of defect maps, and the data structure compatibility of defective data item in the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item defect map corresponding with this.This controller is couple to this optical read/write head and this storer, is used for controlling this optical read/write head from the described defect map of this discs access and described defect map is temporary to this storer; Be used for an additional new defective data item to this new defect map up to meeting a condition; And when meeting, this condition merges in this new defect map a plurality of self adaptive defective data items to this stored corresponding defect map of this CD-ROM drive.
The present invention discloses data sorting is carried out in a kind of minimizing to data item stored in major defect table or the secondary defect table number of times, it is by using new defect map to cushion the pairing self adaptive defective data item of defective data block new on this discs, in addition, when a data union operation is activated, this new defect map just can merge with major defect table or the secondary defect table according to defective addresses order storage data item, thus, the operation that just can reduced data merges.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that a known CD-ROM drive.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram according to the major defect table of known CD-ROM drive.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the secondary defect table of known CD-ROM drive.
Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of an embodiment of CD-ROM drive of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows that the synoptic diagram of new defect map among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of the method for managing discs according to the present invention.
The synoptic diagram of the embodiment that Fig. 7 merges for new defect map and major defect table/secondary defect table according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram that a new self adaptive defective data item was added into new defect map after merging was finished.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram that this new self adaptive defective data item directly appends to new defect map.
Symbol description:
10,100 CD-ROM drives
12 motors
14 supporting disks
16 read/write heads
18 control circuits
20,108 storeies
22,102 discs
24 tracks
104 optical read/write heads
106 controllers
26 major defect tables
28 secondary defect table
30 new defect maps
35,60 new self adaptive defective data items
Embodiment
In the middle of this instructions, used some vocabulary to censure specific assembly.The person with usual knowledge in their respective areas should understand, and hardware manufacturer may be called same element with different nouns.This instructions is not used as distinguishing the mode of element with the difference of title, but the criterion that is used as distinguishing with the difference of element on function.Be to be an open term mentioned " comprising " in the middle of instructions and the follow-up claim in the whole text, so should be construed to " comprise but be not limited to ".In addition, " coupling " speech is to comprise any indirect means that are electrically connected that directly reach at this.Therefore, be coupled to one second device, then represent this first device can directly be electrically connected in this second device, or be electrically connected to this second device indirectly by other device or connection means if describe one first device in the literary composition.
See also Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of an embodiment of CD-ROM drive 100 of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, CD-ROM drive 100 comprises: an optical read/write head 104 is used for access discs 102 (a for example DVD-RAM discs); One controller 106 is used for controlling the operation of CD-ROM drive 100; And a storer 108 (dynamic RAM for example DRAM), is used for data such as a temporary major defect table (PDL) 26 and one less important defect map (SDL) 28.In the present embodiment, when CD-ROM drive 100 was started shooting back or prepared to write any data in discs 102, controller 106 just can produce a new defect map (NDL) 30 in storer 108.See also Fig. 5, Figure 5 shows that the synoptic diagram of new defect map 30 among Fig. 4.Note that new defect map 30 shown in Figure 5 can be compatible with major defect table 26 or secondary defect table 28, therefore in its self adaptive defective data item (adaptive defect entry), just adopt " PDL/SDL " to come mark.New defect map 30 is to produce in the storer 108 of CD-ROM drive 100, be used for storing the self adaptive defective data item of new discovery defective on the discs 102, and in the present embodiment, new defect map 30 was produced in a stage wherein in two stages of CD-ROM drive 100.At first, during a format stage, new defect map 30 is to meet the defined 4 byte data item sizes of major defect table 26 among Fig. 2; And during a data write phase, new 30 of defect maps meet secondary defect table 28 defined 8 byte data item sizes among Fig. 2.In addition, new defect map 30 is except producing according to the above-mentioned stage, and its other capacity of use of reference defect table (major defect table 26 or secondary defect table 28) produces.Concrete, if major defect table 26 is filled with the defective data item during the format stage, then because major defect table 26 can't store any defective data item again, the form of the self adaptive data item in the therefore new defect map can change the minor defect data item form that meets 8 byte-sized into, the related defects data storing that to be overflowed in the format stage remerges (because the major defect table can't store the defective data item that is produced in any format stage) in the secondary defect table in new defect map at last.
Please refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of the method for managing data on the discs according to the present invention.The inventive method comprises the following step:
Step 400: beginning.
Step 405: be in write phase? if jump to step 420; If not, then enter step 410.
Step 410: whether major defect table (PDL) full? if not, jump to step 425; If full, then enter step 420.
Step 420: produce and be compatible with the new defect map (NDL) of secondary defect table (SDL), and jump to step 430.
Step 425: produce and be compatible with the new defect map of major defect table, and enter step 430.
Step 430: detect new defective.
Step 435: is the address that up-to-date self adaptive defective data item is write down in new defect map less than the address of new defective? if jump to step 445; If not, then enter step 440.
Step 440: merge this new defect map and major defect table/secondary defect table.
Step 445: additional new defective is to new defect map.
Step 450: before leaving format stage or write phase, merge this new defect map and major defect table/secondary defect table.
Step 455: finish.
In step 400, optical read/write head 104 can go to read major defect table 26 and the secondary defect table 28 that is stored in discs 102 in the time of at the beginning, and is then that it is temporary in storer 108.In step 405 li, detect based on the disc operator scheme of CD-ROM drive 100 new defect map 30 self adaptive defective data item form whether must with the format compatible of minor defect data item in the secondary defect table.If this disc operator scheme is a data write phase, then in step 420 li, controller 106 produces the new defect map 30 with secondary defect table 28 compatibilities, otherwise with regard to execution in step 410, plainly easily see, if disc operator scheme or execute phase are to be in the discs format, then whether CD-ROM drive 100 can further detect the capacity status of use of major defect table 26 for full, if it is full, in step 420 li, controller 106 can produce its data structures new defect map 30 identical with the data structure of secondary defect table 28; On the contrary, if also full, in step 425 li, 106 of controllers produce its data structure new defect map 30 identical with the data structure of major defect table 26.
In step 430, any known method of utilizing CD-ROM drive 100 detects a new defective on the discs 102, and in step 435, controller 106 must detection record the address of the defective data block that up-to-date self adaptive defective data item is comprised in new defect map 30 whether less than the address of this new detected defective data block.If no, afterwards in step 440 li, new defect map 30 can come to carry out data with major defect table or secondary defect table according to format stage or write phase and merge.See also Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the synoptic diagram of the embodiment that Fig. 7 merges for new defect map 30 and major defect table 26/ secondary defect table 28 according to the present invention, and Fig. 8 for merge finish after a new self adaptive defective data item be added into the synoptic diagram of new defect map 30.As shown in Figure 7, one address of the up-to-date detected defective data block of these new self adaptive defective data item n (x-M) 60 records, it is less than the address that is stored in final data item nx in the new defect map 30, so, can activate an operation that merges, finish the operation of merging in step 440 after, new defect map 30 can be cleared and continue then execution in step 445.As shown in Figure 8, the self adaptive defective data item n (x-M) the 60th that this is new appends to empty new defect map 30, becomes first the self adaptive defective data item 30 li of new defect maps then.Note that for the purpose of simplifying the description, may be to be compatible with major defect table or secondary defect table in the new defect map 30 among Fig. 7, and therefore the self adaptive defective data item in new defect map table 30 is to adopt " PDL/SDL " to come in addition mark.
Please consult Fig. 6 once more, what be different from above-mentioned running is, if in step 435, detect the address of the address of the defective data block that the up-to-date self adaptive defective data item that is recorded in new defect map 30 comprised less than this new detected defective data block, then in step 445 li, new self adaptive defective data item that should new detected defective data block just directly is attached in the new defect map 30.See also Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram that this new self adaptive defective data item directly appends to new defect map 30.As shown in Figure 9, this new self adaptive defective data item n (x+M) the 35th, the address of writing down the defective data block of this new detection, it is greater than being stored in the address that last self adaptive defective data item nx is write down in the new defect map 30, so this new self adaptive defective data item n (x+M) 35 just directly appends to new defect map 30 and the operation that do not need data to merge.Note that among Fig. 9 that new defect map 30 may be to be compatible with major defect table or secondary defect table, therefore the self adaptive defective data item in new defect map 30 is to adopt " PDL/SDL " to come in addition mark.
At last in step 450 li, leaving this disc operator scheme (no matter format stage or data write phase) before, new defect map 30 all stored self adaptive defective data items just merge with major defect table 26 or with secondary defect table 28 in storer 108.As mentioned above, before discs 102 was moved back sheet, major defect table 26 in storer 108 and secondary defect table 28 can be written back in the discs 102.
Please note, in the above-described embodiments, new defect map 30 can merge with major defect table 26 or secondary defect table 28 in storer 108 according to some conditions, for example, one of them condition can be just to merge behind a predetermined time period, or this new defect map is full.And for reliability is more arranged, the present invention can go to carry out the operation of merging every now and then.In addition, the condition that is used for carrying out merging also can be when all operations of CD-ROM drive has been performed, please note, these conditions only are not to be restriction of the present invention as embodiment, other condition also can be used, and can readily understand owing to knowing this skill personage, so do not give unnecessary details in addition at this.Note that in the above embodiments that the defect map administrative mechanism of detailed description is to be used in the DVD-RAM discs, yet this is not restriction of the present invention only as an example.
Compared to known skill, the present invention keeps in the defective data item of defective data block new on the discs by using new defect map, therefore the number of operations that data item stored in major defect table or the secondary defect table is sorted just can reduce, in addition, when a union operation is activated, this new defect map just can merge with major defect table or the secondary defect table according to defective addresses order storage data item, thus, and the operation that just can reduced data merges.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of being done according to claim scope of the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. one kind is applied to the defect management method that a CD-ROM drive is managed the defect information of a discs, this CD-ROM drive stores a plurality of defect maps that comprise at least one first defect map and one second defect map, this first defect map writes down a plurality of first defective data items and this second defect map writes down a plurality of second defective data items, and this method includes:
Set up a new defect map, the data structure compatibility of a corresponding defect map in the data structure adaptability ground of this new defect map and these a plurality of defect maps;
An additional self adaptive defective data item is to this new defect map, this self adaptive defective data item comprises a new defect information that corresponds to a new defective, and the data structure compatibility of defective data item in the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item defect map corresponding with this; And
When a condition meets, a plurality of self adaptive defective data items are merged to this stored corresponding defect map of this CD-ROM drive.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein this first defect map is a major defect table, each first defective data item is to be a major defect data item, and each major defect data item is an address that is used for writing down a defective on this discs.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein this second defect map is a less important defect map, each second defective data item is to be a less important defective data item, and to want the defective data item each time be to be used for writing down an address of a defective and the corresponding alternative information of this defective.
4. the method for claim 1 is wherein carried out a disc formats operation and this first defect map less than, the data structure compatibility of the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item and this first defective data item when this CD-ROM drive.
5. the method for claim 1 is wherein carried out a disc formats operation and this first defect map is full when this CD-ROM drive, and the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item transfers the data structure compatibility with this second defective data item to.
6. the method for claim 1 is wherein worked as this CD-ROM drive and is carried out a disc write operation, the data structure compatibility of the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item and this second defective data item.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item includes an address of this new defective that this new defect information corresponds to, and this method also includes:
When the address that this CD-ROM drive runs into a new defective and this new defective was the address of being write down greater than last defective data item, the additional defect information of this new defective that corresponds to was to this new defect map.
8. the method for claim 1, wherein the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item includes an address of this new defective that this new defect information corresponds to, and this condition be when address that this CD-ROM drive runs into a new defective and this new defective be the address of being write down less than last defective data defect entry.
9. the method for claim 1, wherein this condition is that this CD-ROM drive is carried out a scheduled operation and reached a predetermined period of time.
10. the method for claim 1, wherein this condition is that this new defect map is full.
11. the method for claim 1, wherein this condition is to operate to be performed when one of this CD-ROM drive to finish.
12. one kind is applied in the fault management system that a CD-ROM drive is managed the defect information of a discs, it includes:
One optical read/write head;
One storer comprises a plurality of defect maps of at least one first defect map and one second defect map in order to storage, and this first defect map writes down a plurality of first defective data items and this second defect map writes down a plurality of second defective data items; And
Store a new defect map corresponds to a plurality of new defect information with record a plurality of self adaptive defective data item, the data structure compatibility of a corresponding defect map in the data structure adaptability ground of this new defect map and these a plurality of defect maps, and the data structure compatibility of defective data item in the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item defect map corresponding with this; And
One controller is couple to this optical read/write head and this storer, in order to control this optical read/write head from these a plurality of defect maps of this discs access and should a plurality of defect maps temporary to this storer;
An additional new defective data item to this new defect map up to meeting a condition; And
When meeting, this condition merges these a plurality of self adaptive defective data items to this stored corresponding defect map of this CD-ROM drive.
13. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein this first defect map is a major defect table, and each first defective data item is to be a major defect data item, and each major defect data item is an address that is used for writing down a defective on this discs.
14. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein this second defect map is a less important defect map, each second defective data item is to be a less important defective data item, and to want the defective data item each time be to be used for writing down an address of a defective and a corresponding alternative information of this defective.
15. system as claimed in claim 12 wherein carries out a disc formats operation and this first defect map less than, the data structure compatibility of the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item and this first defect entry when this CD-ROM drive.
16. system as claimed in claim 12 wherein carries out a disc formats operation and this first defect map is full when this CD-ROM drive, the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item transfers the data structure compatibility with this second defective data item to.
17. system as claimed in claim 12 wherein works as this CD-ROM drive and carries out a disc write operation, the data structure compatibility of the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item and this second defective data item.
18. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the data structure of each self adaptive defective data item includes an address of the defective corresponding with its new defect information that corresponds to, and when the address that this CD-ROM drive runs into a new defective and this new defective be greater than the stored address of last defective data item, this controller can add the new defect information of defective is arrived this new defect map.
19. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the data structure of this self adaptive defective data item includes an address of the defective corresponding with its new defect information that corresponds to, and this condition be when address that this CD-ROM drive runs into a new defective and this new defective be less than the stored address of last defective data item.
20. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein this condition is that this CD-ROM drive is carried out a scheduled operation and reached a predetermined period of time.
21. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein this condition is that this new defect map is full.
22. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein this condition is to operate to be performed when one of this CD-ROM drive to finish.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/278,968 US7697388B2 (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2006-04-07 | Defect management method and system of optical disk drive |
| US11/278,968 | 2006-04-07 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101051500A CN101051500A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
| CN101051500B true CN101051500B (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200610094335XA Expired - Fee Related CN101051500B (en) | 2006-04-07 | 2006-06-30 | Defect management method and system of optical disk drive |
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| CN (1) | CN101051500B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI323888B (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984000628A1 (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1984-02-16 | Western Electric Co | Management of defects in storage media |
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- 2006-06-30 CN CN200610094335XA patent/CN101051500B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984000628A1 (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1984-02-16 | Western Electric Co | Management of defects in storage media |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI323888B (en) | 2010-04-21 |
| CN101051500A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
| TW200739557A (en) | 2007-10-16 |
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