CN101043369A - 一种基于业务等级的损耗分配方法 - Google Patents

一种基于业务等级的损耗分配方法 Download PDF

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CN101043369A
CN101043369A CNA2006100614545A CN200610061454A CN101043369A CN 101043369 A CN101043369 A CN 101043369A CN A2006100614545 A CNA2006100614545 A CN A2006100614545A CN 200610061454 A CN200610061454 A CN 200610061454A CN 101043369 A CN101043369 A CN 101043369A
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grade
loss
performance index
business
network segment
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CN100466542C (zh
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胡士辉
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Li Huan
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CNB2006100614545A priority Critical patent/CN100466542C/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2007/001075 priority patent/WO2008003207A1/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种基于业务等级的端到端的损耗分配方法。一个端到端的路径可能包括一个或多个网段，端到端的性能是由路径上各网段的边到边的性能汇总组成的。该方法根据业务的优先等级确定各网段的边到边的损耗性能指标；将汇总的各网段的损耗性能指标与用户请求的总的端到端的性能指标进行比较，确定损耗分配是否成功。通过对业务细分为不同的业务等级，基于该业务等级进行损耗分配，使业务等级较高的业务更容易得到端到端的性能保证，使网段内不同性能的转发路径用于转发不同性能需要的业务，从而可以提高网段的资源利用率，提高网段提供优质业务的能力。

Description

一种基于业务等级的损耗分配方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种端到端的损耗分配方法，更具体地说，涉及一种基于业务等级的端到端的损耗分配方法。
背景技术
在NGN(Next Generation Network，下一代网络)网络中，端到端的服务质量保证是一个非常重要的环节。诸如语音、数据、传真、视频等应用都需要有高质量的端到端的性能保证。一个端到端路径可能包括不同的网络网段，如何保证端到端的性能，这是个极具挑战性的问题。也就是说，对于一个端到端服务的总损耗目标，如何把这个总损耗目标分配到其路径上的各个网段，使得每个网段实现其子损耗目标，从而实现总的损耗目标，来保证端到端的服务性能，这是个非常重要的研究领域。
目前关于端到端的损耗分配方法大致有四种：静态分配法、伪静态分配法、信令协商分配法和汇总分配法。其中与本发明相近的是汇总分配法。下面对该方法进行简单的介绍，所用到的网络拓扑结构如下图1所示。用户A和用户B存在端到端的应用，流路径上有A、B、C三个网段，每个网段是一个独立的管理域，网段A、C直接面向用户。
汇总分配法—汇总法就是把路径上各网段上的边到边的损耗指标汇总起来，与用户要求的端到端的性能指标进行比较，若符合用户要求则性能分配成功，不符合则分配失败。具体做法在下面结合图1进行说明。
首先，用户A向网段A提出业务请求。这里所说的业务是指由运营商或其他网络服务商提供的，面向用户的具体的网络应用，比如VOIP业务。网段A根据用户A的请求，确定用户A请求的端到端的性能指标，比如时延。确定业务的转发路径，然后向端到端路径上的其他网段B、C请求各自的边到边的性能指标。然后，收到其他网段B、C的指标后，网段A将这些指标汇总成端到端的指标。如果满足用户的要求，则分配成功；如果不满足则分配失败。然后通过重新选路或和用户协商一个较低的性能指标等方法，重新分配端到端的性能指标或者拒绝提供服务。
上述的汇总分配方法仅根据用户的性能指标进行分配，没有细分业务等级，这在许多情况下是不合适的。目前的研究一种业务只对应了一个Y.1541等级，比如语音业务只对应Y.1541QoS等级0。我们认为在同一个业务内还需要再细分，才能满足实际需要。比如语音业务可细分为：本地，国内长途和国际长途这三个等级。
举例来说，我们考虑两个语音业务：国内业务和国际长途业务，二者的性能指标可能是一样的，那么仅根据性能指标，路径上的网段很难区别出二者有何不同。但是显然国内业务的性能指标容易实现，而国际长途业务的性能就很难达到用户的要求。正是针对这种问题，本发明提供了一种基于业务再细分其等级的损耗分配方法。
发明内容
因此，本发明目的在于提供一种基于业务等级的损耗分配方法。对于业务根据其传输距离等特性进行进一步的细分，使分配优先级较高的业务相比分配优先级较低的业务更容易得到端到端的性能保证，使网段内不同性能的转发路径用于转发不同性能需要的业务，从而可以提高网段的资源利用率，提高网段提供优质业务的能力。具体地，分配优先级是指网段在进行资源预留时，对于具有相同的端到端的QoS等级的流，进一步细分其分配优先级，分配优先级高的流优先获得性能高的资源。
为实现上述的发明目的，本发明提供了一种基于业务等级的损耗分配方法，该方法包括：根据业务的优先等级确定各网段的边到边的损耗性能指标；将汇总的各网段的损耗性能指标与用户请求的总的端到端的性能指标进行比较，确定损耗分配是否成功。
优选地，上述方法的第一步骤包括：在业务层将业务细分等级，然后将业务及业务的等级映射成控制层的损耗性能指标、对应的端到端的QoS等级和分配优先级，接着将端到端的QoS等级和分配优先级映射为与传输层的转发等级，根据转发等级给出每个网段的边到边的损耗性能指标。具体地，端到端的QoS等级是指由ITU-T(国际电信联盟)在其推荐书Y.1541中定义的端到端的性能等级。
本发明的进一步的特征和优点将在后面结合附图予以说明。
附图说明
图1为一种简单的网络拓扑结构；
图2为包含有本发明的损耗分配服务器的网络拓扑结构。
图3为说明本发明的损耗分配方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将具体说明本发明的基于业务等级的端到端的损耗分配方法。利用本发明的方法，可以实现等级高的业务性能得到优先的保证，比如国际语音业务的优先级要高于国内语音业务的等级，那么就要优先保证国际语音业务的传输性能。
按照ITU-T Y.1541定义了六种网络QoS(服务质量)等级。其中Class 0(第0级)、Class 1(第1级)对应语音业务，Class 5(第5级)对应尽力而为的转发业务。本发明中，在这些端到端的QoS等级的基础上，再进一步细分其等级，比如每一个端到端的QoS等级可以再细分成8种分配优先级，这样就有48种细化了的等级。对应一个特定的业务不需要与这8个分配优先级一一对应，比如语音业务可细分为三种业务等级：本地、国内长途和国际长途，将这三种语音业务的业务等级分别对应到Class 0或Class 1的某个等级即可。我们将Y.1541端到端的QoS等级再经细分的等级组成的等级称为控制层的等级，即业务的分配优先级；将类似于语音业务的那三个优先级，即面向应用的优先级称为应用层面的等级，即业务等级。另外，还有转发层面的等级，由于数据转发层面使用的技术不同，其支持的等级不同，有的可以支持到64种，有的可以支持8种，所以我们需要实现控制层面的等级向转发层面的等级的映射。简单来说，对于一个端到端的业务，我们共做两次映射，先把业务的应用层面的等级映射到控制层面的等级，然后把控制层面的等级映射到转发层面的等级。同时，某些业务比如语音业务，其双向的性能要求是对等的，任何一个方向的性能得不到保证，业务都无法提供，为了提高效率，可以考虑对这种业务实行双向的性能指标分配。用户提出业务请求时，业务提供商，可以属于用户接入的网段，也可以属于其它第三方网段。
具体地，根据Y.1541控制层面分为6个等级，但是在实际应用中这6个等级是不够的，每个等级应该再细分等级，用以区分不同的业务。用户终端设备可能是只关心具体的业务，和基于业务应用的实际体验，而对具体的端到端的QoS等级及业务等级是不关心的，所以存在业务层面的等级向端到端的QoS等级映射的需要，具体实现比如：把语音业务细分为本地，国内长途，国际长途三种业务，把这三种业务，由业务服务器映射为相应的端到端的QoS等级和分配优先级，这种映射关系由网络管理员根据具体的业务和网络的实际情况进行配置。
下面结合附图，详细说明本发明的损耗分配过程。
如图3所示，首先，在步骤S1，用户A先向业务提供商提出一个由用户A到用户B的业务请求(如图1示出的)，比如语音业务，并指定业务等级为国际长途。如果用户A具有QoS能力可以参与控制层面的等级协商。
接下来，为了简单起见，我们假定业务受理属于网段A(如图1示出的)。在步骤S2，网段A根据用户A请求的业务及业务等级，确定相应的控制层面的Y.1541端到端的QoS等级、相应的性能指标(比如：时延、丢包率、抖动等)、以及分配优先级。举例来说，用户A向业务受理服务器(图2所示出的)请求语音业务，并显示指出业务等级为国际长途(利用电话号码的区号来区分)，业务受理服务器将该业务的等级映射为QoSClass 0，分配优先级为7，并给出相应的性能指标(IPTD＜100ms，IPDV＜50ms等)。
接下来，图2中所示出的本发明的损耗分配服务器将执行损耗分配。在步骤S3，网段A确定转发路径，将请求的Y.1541端到端的QoS等级及分配优先级映射为自身网段的转发等级，确定相应等级的边到边(即从入口网关到出口网关)的转发性能(时延、丢包率、抖动等)。网段内边到边的性能通过测试系统测得。在一个边到边上，由于存在不同的转发路径及不同的转发等级，可能存在多种转发性能，这由测试系统测得。把Y.1541端到端的QoS等级及等级映射为相应的转发等级后，即可得到其边到边的转发性能。
然后，向路径上的下一个网段发送业务性能分配请求，请求的消息包括：端到端的总性能指标、对应的端到端的QoS等级、以及控制层面的分配优先级，并加入网段A自身已分配的边到边的性能指标。注意，考虑到两个网段的分配优先级可能不是一一对应，需要根据配置协商做适当的转换。比如网段1的长话业务对应的分配优先级为y.1541 qos class 0、分配优先级7，而网段2长话业务对应的分配优先级为y.1541 qos class 0、分配优先级3，这样网段1向网段2发送请求时，就要做相应的映射，这种映射规则是由两个网段的管理员协商指定的。
然后，在步骤S4，路径上的网段，即本实施例中的网段B同样根据请求的Y.1541端到端的QoS等级及对应的分配优先级，映射出自身网段的转发等级，然后确定该转发等级的边到边的性能指标，将该边到边的性能指标加入请求消息中，然后将请求消息发送给下一个网段。
接下来，在步骤S5，网段C同样给出自身对应转发等级的边到边的性能。网段C确定自己为路径上的最后一个网段，汇总路径上各网段所提供的性能指标，看是否可以满足总的端到端的性能指标，若满足则端到端的损耗分配成功。由网段C沿路径的反方向，发送资源预留请求消息，考虑到有的业务是双向对称的，可以同时申请双向的损耗分配和资源预留，即每个网段在进行正向的损耗分配申请的同时进行反向的损耗分配申请，从而可保证如语音业务这样的要求双向的且资源对等的业务的需要。此外，也可以在损耗分配请求的同时进行资源预留。
在步骤S6，判断损耗分配是否满足需要的性能指标。若损耗分配成功，则在步骤S7，沿路径的反方向做资源预留申请，并携带损耗分配成功的消息。这样，网段A收到反方向的资源预留请求，确认损耗分配成功后，向用户A发送成功确认消息。
如果损耗分配失败，在步骤S8，网段C将损耗分配失败消息、各网段提供的边到边的性能指标一并反馈给请求的发起者网段A。
网段A处理分配失败有两种方式：
a)参照各网段提供的边到边的性能，重新选择路径，重新发起损耗分配请求。
b)如果用户A具有QoS能力，与用户协商较为宽松的性能指标。进一步，如果要求业务的报文长度的性能指标无法满足，比如传输抖动，但其他报文长度的性能指标可以满足，业务提供商还可以和用户协商报文长度等传输参数。
由此可见，通过对业务细分为不同的业务等级，基于该业务等级进行损耗分配，使业务等级较高的业务更容易得到端到端的性能保证，使网段内不同性能的转发路径用于转发不同性能需要的业务，从而可以提高网段的资源利用率，提高网段提供优质业务的能力。

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1、一种基于业务等级的端到端的损耗分配方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：根据业务的优先等级确定各网段的边到边的损耗性能指标；将汇总的各网段的损耗性能指标与用户请求的总的端到端的性能指标进行比较，确定损耗分配是否成功。
2、根据权利要求1的损耗分配方法，其特征在于，该方法的第一步骤包括：在业务层将业务细分等级，然后将业务及业务的等级映射成控制层的损耗性能指标、对应的端到端的QoS等级和分配优先级，接着将端到端的QoS等级和分配优先级映射为与传输层的转发等级，根据转发等级给出每个网段的边到边的损耗性能指标。
3、根据权利要求1的损耗分配方法，其特征在于：还包括同时进行双向的损耗分配，即路径上的网段在进行正向损耗分配申请时同时申请反向的损耗分配。
4、根据权利要求1的损耗分配方法，其特征在于：还包括当损耗分配不成功时，业务受理方与用户重新协商性能指标。
5、根据权利要求1的损耗分配方法，其特征在于：还包括当损耗分配不成功时参照各网段提供的边到边的损耗性能指标，重新选择路径并重新进行损耗分配。
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