CN101041375A - Steering damper device - Google Patents
Steering damper device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101041375A CN101041375A CNA2007100876966A CN200710087696A CN101041375A CN 101041375 A CN101041375 A CN 101041375A CN A2007100876966 A CNA2007100876966 A CN A2007100876966A CN 200710087696 A CN200710087696 A CN 200710087696A CN 101041375 A CN101041375 A CN 101041375A
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- cartridge type
- handle
- bumper
- type bumper
- steering damper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K21/00—Steering devices
- B62K21/08—Steering dampers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
A cylindrical steering damper apparatus for a motorcycle has a relatively simple structure, in which a gradually increasing damping force is generated according to the turned angle when a handlebar is turned, and the damping force is not generated when the handlebar is returned. The cylindrical damper is disposed between a head pipe, for pivotally supporting a steering stem, and a fork bridge of a front fork, so as to be the shortest when the handlebarbar is at a neutral position. The cylindrical damper is connected to the head pipe and the fork bridge via spherical ball-and-socket joints. The cylindrical damper generates the damping force when being expanded. Since the cylindrical damper is expanded when the handlebar is turned in either a left or right direction, a damping force is generated.
Description
The application is that application number is 200410056359.7, and the applying date is on August 9th, 2004, and denomination of invention is divided an application for the Chinese invention patent application of " steering damper apparatus ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to the steering damper apparatus that in the dilly of motor bike etc., uses.
Background technology
In motor bike, by lever operated, making the front fork that supports front-wheel is that rotate at the center to rotate slotting freely logical deflecting bar in the head pipe (headpipe) of vehicle body frames front end, thereby turns to.In this motor bike, even equipping steering damper apparatus by the lever operated turn side parts that rotate with between sometimes by lever operated body-side member of also not rotating.In this case, this steering damper apparatus is proposed with inferior requirement: in and common the travelling that cireular frequency is slow little, produce decay moment hardly at the handle commuting angle; And zone that cireular frequency fast big at the handle commuting angle produces high decay moment; Continuously and under the bigger situation of handle commuting angle, set lessly in slow, the trickle rotation of speed, do one's utmost the burden that suppresses lever operated by decay moment low-speed region; When handle after turning to is returned, produce decay moment hardly.For this reason, in motorcycle-use steering damper apparatus in the past, have the rocking type of use bumper, and the steering damper apparatus that makes the complicated bypass that changes of attenuation power adapt to above-mentioned requirements is set.
Yet, the steering damper apparatus of this use rocking type bumper, because complex structure, price height, and be large-scale, weight is also big, thereby thinks and also produce the situation that miscellaneous part configuration etc. is restricted.
The steering damper apparatus that uses cartridge type bumper simple in structure and that price is low to constitute motorcycle-use is known in the past (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1).This steering damper apparatus uses the cartridge type bumper that is made of bumper case and the decoupling rod that slides in this bumper case, this bumper case be connected rotationally as the head pipe of body-side member or as either party of the fork bridge of turn side parts, decoupling rod is connected rotationally with the opposing party.In this case, the point of connection of fork bridge side is positioned at the position by any end, the left and right sides of this fork bridge.
According to this steering damper apparatus, if for example handle switches to the right, then the cartridge type bumper shrinks, and switches to the left side and then extends, thereby can both produce cushioning effect in any side.And, like this, can in its slewing area, obtain attenuation power.
[patent documentation 1] real public clear 64-4633 communique
Generally, the cartridge type bumper produces the same attenuation power in the retraction stroke of its bumper or extended travel.Therefore, as described in above-mentioned patent documentation 1, rotation direction according to handle, the cartridge type bumper shrinks when a side, when opposite side, extend, switch to the right and when switching to the left side, can both obtain same characteristic from 0 ° of deflection angle at handle, yet make handle when 0 ° of deflection angle turns to and when turning back to 0 ° of deflection angle, it is difficult obtaining different attenuation powers.And it also is difficult keeping the interdependent characteristic of angle at the handle deflection angle.And, as described in above-mentioned patent documentation 1, on its structure, owing to need long damping stroke, thereby can not realize the miniaturization layout.
Summary of the invention
The present invention In view of the foregoing proposes, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of can be when using common cartridge type bumper simple in structure, make when the cartridge type bumper breaks away from configuration, can be the Motion Transmission of turn side parts to this cartridge type bumper, can further improve the configuration degree of freedom of this cartridge type bumper.
The present invention according to invention 1 is a kind of steering damper apparatus, it slides decoupling rod in the bumper case cartridge type bumper, be arranged between turn side parts and the body-side member, wherein the turn side parts are that rotate at the center with the deflecting bar by operating handle, even and the body-side member operating handle does not also rotate, it is characterized in that above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is mounted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make above-mentioned decoupling rod be in long or the shortest position.
And, the present invention according to invention 2, it is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 1, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper makes above-mentioned deflecting bar rotate the place ahead of a pipe that supports freely, roughly be arranged to along the length direction of this pipe, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make above-mentioned decoupling rod be in the shortest position.
And, the present invention according to invention 3, it is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 1, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is between the fork bridge in the place ahead of above-mentioned deflecting bar and the vehicle body frames at the rear of above-mentioned deflecting bar, fore-and-aft direction be arranged in the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near make above-mentioned decoupling rod be in the longest position.
The present invention according to invention 4, a kind of steering damper apparatus, it slides decoupling rod in the bumper case cartridge type bumper, be arranged between turn side parts and the body-side member, wherein the turn side parts are that rotate at the center with the deflecting bar by operating handle, even and the body-side member operating handle does not also rotate, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is adapted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, the central axis of above-mentioned cartridge type bumper roughly is positioned on the plane of the central axis that comprises above-mentioned deflecting bar.
And the present invention according to invention 5 is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 4, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is adapted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, the central axis that makes above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is roughly along the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that extends at the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction.
The present invention according to invention 6, a kind of steering damper apparatus, it slides decoupling rod in the bumper case cartridge type bumper, be arranged between turn side parts and the body-side member, wherein the turn side parts are that rotate at the center with the deflecting bar by operating handle, even and the body-side member operating handle does not also rotate, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is mounted to, handle is 0 ° position when redirecting to any side in the left and right sides from the handle deflection angle, and above-mentioned decoupling rod slides to same direction in above-mentioned bumper case.
And, the present invention according to invention 7, it is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 6, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is in the place ahead of rotating a pipe that supports above-mentioned deflecting bar freely, roughly be arranged to along the length direction of this pipe, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make above-mentioned decoupling rod be in the shortest position.
And, the present invention according to invention 8, it is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 6, above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is between the fork bridge in the place ahead of above-mentioned deflecting bar and the vehicle body frames at the rear of above-mentioned deflecting bar, be arranged at fore-and-aft direction, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make above-mentioned decoupling rod be in the longest position.
And the present invention according to invention 9 is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 6, above-mentioned decoupling rod forms the slippage of handle deflection angle, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °.
And the present invention according to invention 10 is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 6, make the attenuation power that acts on above-mentioned turn side parts from above-mentioned cartridge type bumper, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °.
The present invention according to invention 11, a kind of steering damper apparatus, it slides decoupling rod in the bumper case cartridge type bumper, be arranged between turn side parts and the body-side member, wherein the turn side parts are that rotate at the center with the deflecting bar by operating handle, even and the body-side member operating handle does not also rotate, it is characterized in that above-mentioned cartridge type bumper is by being rotated the link rod that supports freely and being connected with above-mentioned turn side parts with this link rod bonded assembly connecting rod by above-mentioned body-side member; Above-mentioned connecting rod is adapted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, the connecting portion bonded assembly straight line with above-mentioned connecting rod two ends roughly is positioned on the plane of the central axis that comprises above-mentioned deflecting bar.
And, the present invention according to invention 12, it is characterized in that, in steering damper apparatus according to foregoing invention 11, above-mentioned connecting rod is adapted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make the connecting portion bonded assembly straight line at above-mentioned connecting rod two ends roughly along the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that extends at the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction.
According to the present invention of foregoing invention 1, because under any situation when handle switches to the right and switches to the left side from 0 ° of deflection angle, the side during the cartridge type bumper only shrinks or extends, thereby can keep the left-right symmetric characteristic.And, when handle is returned, in contrast,, when handle is returned, decay moment is diminished because the cartridge type bumper can be set different attenuation power characteristics with extended travel at retraction stroke, thereby when switching handle, can produce decay moment.Therefore, can make the steering damper apparatus of motor bike etc. satisfy the above-mentioned requirements that is proposed.
According to the present invention of foregoing invention 2,, thereby can use this steering damper apparatus to alleviate obstruction to vehicle design etc. because the cartridge type bumper roughly is provided with along the length direction of a pipe.
And according to the present invention of foregoing invention 3, because the cartridge type bumper is in the fore-and-aft direction setting, thereby this steering damper apparatus is configured to roughly along vehicle body frames, thereby can use this steering damper apparatus to reduce restriction to miscellaneous part configuration etc.
The present invention according to foregoing invention 4, because the cartridge type bumper is adapted on the plane that the central axis that makes the cartridge type bumper is positioned at the central axis that comprises deflecting bar, thereby switch to the right and when switching to the left side from 0 ° of deflection angle when handle, this cartridge type bumper symmetry is flexible, thereby can make this steering damper apparatus keep the left-right symmetric characteristic.
And according to the present invention of foregoing invention 5, because the cartridge type bumper is arranged to roughly the longitudinal plane of symmetry along the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction, thereby prevents that this steering damper apparatus from significantly exposing about vehicle body, thereby Miniaturizable disposes this steering damper apparatus integral body.
The present invention according to foregoing invention 6, because under any situation when handle switches to the right and switches to the left side from 0 ° of deflection angle, side during the cartridge type bumper only shrinks or extends, thereby can obtain and the effect identical according to the effect of the present invention of foregoing invention 1.
And,, can obtain and the effect identical according to the effect of the present invention of foregoing invention 2 according to the present invention of foregoing invention 7.
And, according to the present invention of foregoing invention 8, can obtain and the effect identical according to the effect of the present invention of foregoing invention 3.
And, the present invention according to foregoing invention 9, since along with the handle deflection angle away from 0 °, decoupling rod is big to the slip quantitative change of handle deflection angle, thereby can be big at the handle commuting angle and zone that cireular frequency is fast produce high decay moment, thereby can make the steering damper apparatus of motor bike etc. satisfy the above-mentioned requirements that is proposed.
And, the present invention according to foregoing invention 10, because act on the attenuation power of turn side parts forms from the cartridge type bumper, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °, thereby produce attenuation power hardly in the little zone of handle commuting angle, and can produce big attenuation power, thereby can make the steering damper apparatus of motor bike etc. satisfy the above-mentioned requirements that is proposed in the big zone of handle commuting angle.
The present invention according to foregoing invention 11, because the cartridge type bumper is connected with the turn side parts by bindiny mechanism, even thereby when the cartridge type bumper breaks away from configuration, also can arrive this cartridge type bumper to the Motion Transmission of turn side parts, thereby can further improve the configuration degree of freedom of this cartridge type bumper.
And,, be arranged to roughly longitudinal plane of symmetry owing to constitute the long connecting rod of bindiny mechanism, thereby when not using bindiny mechanism, can prevent that steering damper apparatus from significantly exposing about vehicle body along the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction according to the present invention of foregoing invention 12.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of wanting portion that the motor bike of the steering damper apparatus of equipping the 1st embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 2 is the front elevation of the preceding fork of seeing from arrow 2 directions of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional drawing along the cartridge type bumper part of the 3-3 line of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing that is used for arrow 4 parts of Fig. 3 that the effect to the cartridge type bumper of Fig. 3 describes.
Fig. 5 is used for the enlarged drawing identical with Fig. 4 that the effect to the cartridge type bumper of Fig. 3 describes.
Fig. 6 is the front elevation identical with Fig. 2 of the state when handle being shown switching to the left side.
Fig. 7 is the cross sectional drawing along the 7-7 line of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the performance diagram of this steering damper apparatus.
Fig. 9 is the lateral plan of wanting portion that the motor bike of the steering damper apparatus of equipping the 2nd embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 10 is the planar view of the preceding fork of seeing from arrow 10 directions of Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the cross sectional drawing along the 11-11 line of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the planar view identical with Figure 10 of the state when handle being shown switching to the left side.
Figure 13 is the cross sectional drawing along the 13-13 line of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is the planar view of preceding fork of motor bike that the steering damper apparatus of equipment the 3rd embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 15 is the lateral plan of seeing from arrow 15 directions of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the lateral plan of fork bridge portion of preceding fork of motor bike that the steering damper apparatus of equipment the 4th embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 17 is the front elevation of seeing from arrow 17 directions of Figure 16.
Figure 18 is the planar view of preceding fork of motor bike that the steering damper apparatus of equipment the 5th embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 19 is the front elevation of preceding fork of motor bike that the steering damper apparatus of equipment the 6th embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[nomenclature]
1 ... front-wheel; 2 ... front fork; 4 ... fork bridge (turn side parts); 4a ... the top bridge; 4b ... end bridge; 5 ... deflecting bar; 6 ... vehicle body frames (body-side member); 6h ... the head pipe; 10 ... the cartridge type bumper; 11 ... the bumper case; 12 ... decoupling rod; 30 ... the cartridge type bumper; 31 ... the bumper case; 32 ... decoupling rod; 38 ... link rod; 40 ... the cartridge type bumper; 41 ... the bumper case; 42 ... decoupling rod; 45 ... connecting rod; 48 ... link rod; 50 ... the cartridge type bumper; 51 ... the bumper case; 52 ... decoupling rod; 55 ... connecting rod; D1, D2 ... the central axis of cartridge type bumper; L1, L2 ... connecting portion bonded assembly straight line with connecting rod; S ... the central axis of deflecting bar
The specific embodiment
Below, the preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[embodiment 1]
Among the figure, Fig. 1～Fig. 8 illustrates the 1st embodiment according to steering damper apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of wanting portion that the motor bike of this steering damper apparatus of equipment is shown, Fig. 2 is the front elevation of the preceding fork of seeing from arrow 2 directions of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the cross sectional drawing along the cartridge type bumper part of the 3-3 line of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are used for the enlarged drawing that the effect to this cartridge type bumper describes, Fig. 6 is the front elevation identical with Fig. 2 of the state when handle being shown switching to the left side, Fig. 7 is the cross sectional drawing along the 7-7 line of Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is the performance diagram of this steering damper apparatus.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the front fork 2 that supports the front-wheel 1 of motor bike has: left and right sides breeches pipe 3,3, and with its upper end bonded assembly fork bridge 4.Fork bridge 4 is by separating up and down and the top bridge 4a and the end bridge 4b of configured in parallel constitute, and configuration is with they one bonded assembly deflecting bars 5 between the left and right directions central portion of these bridges 4a, 4b.This deflecting bar 5 rotates supporting freely by the head pipe 6h of the front end that is arranged on vehicle body frames 6.And, the handle 7 that turns to usefulness is installed on the bridge 4a of top.Like this, by the operation of handle 7, front fork 2 is the center left-right rotation with deflecting bar 5, and the front-wheel 1 that is supported by this front fork rotates thereupon, thereby carries out turning to of motor bike.
On head pipe 6h, be provided with forwards outstanding stay 8 in position by its bottom.This stay 8 is disposed on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction extends.And, on end bridge 4b, also be provided with forwards outstanding stay 9 at its left and right directions central portion.And, set cartridge type bumper 10 8,9 of these stays.That is, cartridge type bumper 10 is adapted in the place ahead of head pipe 6h, roughly manages the length direction of 6h along this.
As shown in Figure 3, cartridge type bumper 10 is by bumper case 11, constitute with the decoupling rod 12 that in this bumper case 11, slides, this bumper case 11 is by spherical joint 13 and head pipe 6h side, the stay 8 that is body side rotates connection freely, decoupling rod 12 is by spherical joint 14 and end bridge 4b side, and promptly the stay 9 of turn side rotates freely and connects.And, the central axis of the decoupling rod 12 that in bumper case 11, slides, promptly the central axis D1 of cartridge type bumper 10 forms each center by spherical joint 13,14.Like this, though the vehicle body frames 6 that cartridge type bumper 10 did not also rotate when being installed in handle 7 operations, and between the front fork 2 that rotates along with the operation of handle 7.As shown in Figure 2, when handle 7 is positioned at midway location, when promptly the handle deflection angle is 0 °, this cartridge type bumper 10 is in the state that shrinks most, be that decoupling rod 12 is positioned at the shortest position, and the central axis D1 of cartridge type bumper 10 form parallel with the central axis S of head pipe 6h with deflecting bar 5.Therefore, at this moment, the central axis D1 of cartridge type bumper 10 is positioned at the plane of the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction of the central axis 5 that comprises deflecting bar 5, promptly on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction extends.The bumper case 11 of cartridge type bumper 10 as shown in Figure 3, has: bumper chamber 15 and receiver (reservoir) chamber 17 that is communicated with this bumper chamber 15 by oil circuit 16.In this bumper chamber 15 and receiver chamber 17, enclose oil.The following of receiver chamber 17 formed by piston 18, and this piston 18 applies pushing upward by the pressure gas 19 in the air chamber of enclosing thereunder.And bumper chamber 15 is distinguished into 2 Room 15a, 15b up and down by the piston 20 at the tip that is installed in decoupling rod 12.On this piston 20, be provided with a plurality of openings 21,21 of up/down perforation ... with the valve 22 that the lower end of this opening 21 is carried out open and close controlling.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, this valve 22 is by constituting with the lower part: stigmal plate 23 has the valve port 23a than minor diameter; Rubber plate 24 opens and closes this valve port 23a; And laminated spring 25, with the occlusion locations application of force of stigmal plate 23 to opening 21.And, on piston 20, be provided with the aperture (orifice) 26 that the following chamber 15b that makes opening 21 and bumper chamber 15 always is communicated with.
In having the cartridge type bumper 10 of this formation, when it extends, the piston 20 that is installed in the front end of decoupling rod 12 slides to the lower side of bumper chamber 15, thereby the interior pressure of following chamber 15b of this bumper chamber 15 is uprised, thereby shown in the arrow of Fig. 4, instantly the oil in the 15b of chamber flows to chamber 15a by valve port 23a via opening 21.Then, because the resistance when this valve port 23a produces attenuation power.And when shrinking, the pressure in the last chamber 15a of bumper chamber 15 uprises, thereby shown in the imaginary line of Fig. 5, the application of force of stigmal plate 23 opposing laminated springs 25 below distortion.As a result, opening 21 is opened, and the oil in the last chamber 15a flows to down chamber 15b by opening 21.Therefore, at this moment, produce attenuation power hardly.
Below, the effect of the steering damper apparatus of such formation is described.
As mentioned above, when handle 7 was positioned at midway location, promptly when the handle deflection angle is 0 °, cartridge type bumper 10 was in the short status of shrinking most.Under this state, if handle 7 for example switches to the left side, then as shown in Figure 6, front fork 2 is that rotate to left at the center to rotate slotting freely logical deflecting bar 5 in the head pipe 6h of vehicle body frames 6.Therefore, the end bridge 4b that constitutes the fork bridge 4 of front fork 2 rotates too, throws off from the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry of vehicle body fore-and-aft direction being arranged on the stay 9 of central portion of its left and right directions and the decoupling rod 12 bonded assembly spherical joints 14 of cartridge type bumper 10.On the other hand, even operating handle 7, a head pipe 6h does not rotate yet, thereby will be arranged on stay 8 on the head pipe 6h and the bumper case 11 bonded assembly spherical joints 13 of cartridge type bumper 10 are positioned at original position, promptly on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry of vehicle body fore-and-aft direction.As a result, cartridge type bumper 10 elongation, decoupling rod 12 in bumper case 11, slide among Fig. 3 below, thereby produce attenuation power.
And when handle 7 switches to when the right, cartridge type bumper 10 extends equally, decoupling rod 12 in bumper case 11, slide among Fig. 3 below.Therefore, produce attenuation power.Like this, this cartridge type bumper 10 is arranged to, even handle 7 is 0 ° position when redirecting to any side in the left and right sides from the handle deflection angle, decoupling rod 12 same direction in bumper case 11 is slided.
And when handle 7 switched to the right and switches to the left side, if the commuting angle of this handle 7, promptly deflection angle was identical, and then the elongation of cartridge type bumper 10 is identical.Therefore, its attenuation power characteristic as shown in Figure 8, is left-right symmetric.
And when making when switching to the right or the handle 7 on the left side and turning back to midway location, in either case, cartridge type bumper 10 shrinks, decoupling rod 12 in bumper case 11, slide among Fig. 3 above.As mentioned above, this cartridge type bumper 10 forms and produce attenuation power hardly when shrinking.Therefore, when handle after turning to is returned, produce attenuation power hardly.Like this, use this steering damper apparatus, can accomplish: when handle 7 switches to the right or during the left side, all produces attenuation power in either case from 0 ° of deflection angle, when making handle 7 turn back to 0 ° of deflection angle, attenuation power diminishes.
Fig. 8 illustrates a cartridge type bumper 10 and is installed in certain position, and obtains the result of the decay moment when turning to about making handle 7 according to certain certain speed by calculating.The attenuation power of bumper 10 has the characteristic that the stretching speed at bumper 10 increases according to a certain percentage.
As shown in Figure 8, according to this steering damper apparatus, at the commuting angle of handle 7 hour, the decay moment that produce is little, along with commuting angle becomes big, produces big decay moment.That is, from cartridge type bumper 10 act on as the attenuation power of the front fork 2 of turn side parts the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °.And, therebetween smoothly continuously.
Like this, when making handle 7 when middle position turns to, the reason that produces decay moment at its initial stage hardly is because near the midway location of handle 7, at the commuting angle of handle 7, the elongation of cartridge type bumper 10 is little.And in the intermediary, owing to the commuting angle at handle 7, the bumper stroke increases gradually, thereby attenuation power also becomes big gradually.That is, in this steering damper apparatus, the slippage of 12 pairs of handle deflection angles of decoupling rod forms, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °.And, in the back half owing to turn to axial moment arm significantly to diminish, thereby the rising of decay moment becomes slow.
Like this, use this steering damper apparatus, can make the steering damper apparatus of motor bike satisfy the above-mentioned requirements that is proposed.
And, get final product owing to short cartridge type bumper 10 is installed, thereby can realize that miniaturization and lightweight constitute in the place ahead of head pipe 6h, also reduce hindering the worry that designs etc.And cartridge type bumper 10 is owing to the productivity height, thereby its cost also can reduce.
[embodiment 2]
Fig. 9～Figure 13 illustrates the 2nd embodiment according to steering damper apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 9 is the lateral plan of wanting portion that the motor bike of this steering damper apparatus of equipment is shown, Figure 10 is the planar view of the preceding fork of seeing from arrow 10 directions of Fig. 9, Figure 11 is the cross sectional drawing along the cartridge type bumper of the 11-11 line of Figure 10, Figure 12 is the planar view identical with Figure 10 of the state when handle being shown switching to the left side, and Figure 13 is the cross sectional drawing along the 13-13 line of Figure 12.
In addition, in this 2nd embodiment, have same-sign, thereby omit repeat specification with the cooresponding part of the 1st embodiment.
As Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, under the situation of this 2nd embodiment, more be provided with outstanding upward stay 28 in the position in the place ahead at the ratio deflecting bar 5 of the upper central portion of the top bridge 4a on the top that forms fork bridge 4.And, on the head pipe 6h of vehicle body frames 6, be provided with the extension 6j that rearward extend end from it, on this extension 6j, be provided with outstanding upward stay 29.And, set cartridge type bumper 30 28,29 of these stays.As shown in figure 11, this cartridge type bumper 30 is made of the decoupling rod 32 of bumper case 31 and slip in this bumper case 31, this bumper case 31 rotates by spherical joint 33 and stay 28 as the top bridge 4a side of turn side parts and is connected freely, and decoupling rod 32 is connected with stay 29 rotations of managing the 6h side as body-side member freely by spherical joint 34.And, the central axis of decoupling rod 32, promptly the central axis D2 of cartridge type bumper 30 forms each center by spherical joint 33,34.Like this, though the vehicle body frames 6 that cartridge type bumper 30 did not also rotate when being installed in handle 7 operations, and between the front fork 2 that rotates along with the operation of handle 7.As shown in figure 10, when handle 7 is positioned at midway location, promptly when the handle deflection angle is 0 °, this cartridge type bumper 30 is in elongation state, be that decoupling rod 32 is positioned at the longest position, and, form and cross over deflecting bar 5 and head pipe 6h and be positioned on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry of vehicle body fore-and-aft direction.Therefore, at this moment, the central axis D2 of cartridge type bumper 30 is positioned at the plane of the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction of the central axis S that comprises deflecting bar 5, promptly on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction extends.
The structure of cartridge type bumper 30, except being constituted, valve 35 produces attenuation power when the contraction of cartridge type bumper 30, and when the elongation of cartridge type bumper 30, produce hardly beyond the attenuation power, identical with the cartridge type bumper 10 of the 1st embodiment, thereby omit its detailed description.And other formations are also identical with the 1st embodiment.
In having the steering damper apparatus of this formation, as mentioned above, when handle 7 was positioned at midway location, cartridge type bumper 30 was in the long status of elongation.Under this state, if handle 7 for example switches to the left side, then as shown in figure 12, front fork 2 is that rotate to left at the center to rotate slotting freely logical deflecting bar 5 in the head pipe 6h of vehicle body frames 6.Therefore, the top bridge 4a that constitutes the fork bridge 4 of front fork 2 rotates too, throws off from the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry of vehicle body fore-and-aft direction being arranged on the stay 28 of central portion of its left and right directions and the decoupling rod 31 bonded assembly spherical joints 33 of cartridge type bumper 30.On the other hand, even operating handle 7, a head pipe 6h does not rotate yet, thereby will be arranged on stay 29 on the extension 6j of head pipe 6h and the decoupling rod 32 bonded assembly spherical joints 34 of cartridge type bumper 30 are positioned at original position, promptly on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry of vehicle body fore-and-aft direction.As a result, cartridge type bumper 30 shrinks, and decoupling rod 32 slides into the left among Figure 11 in bumper case 31, produce attenuation power.And when handle 7 switched to the right, cartridge type bumper 30 shrank equally, and decoupling rod 32 slides into the left among Figure 11 in bumper case 31.Therefore, produce attenuation power.Like this, this cartridge type bumper 30 also is arranged to, and when handle 7 is 0 ° position when redirecting to any side in the left and right sides from the handle deflection angle, decoupling rod 32 is slided in bumper case 31 to same direction.
And when handle 7 switched to the right and switches to the left side, if the commuting angle of this handle 7, promptly deflection angle was identical, and then the stroke of cartridge type bumper 30 is identical.Therefore, its attenuation power characteristic is a left-right symmetric.
And, when making when switching to the right or the handle 7 on the left side and turning back to midway location, in either case, 30 elongations of cartridge type bumper, decoupling rod 12 slides into right-hand among Figure 11 in bumper case 31.As mentioned above, this cartridge type bumper 30 forms and produce attenuation power hardly when elongation.Therefore, when the handle of having done to turn to is returned, produce attenuation power hardly.Like this, use the steering damper apparatus of this 2nd embodiment, can accomplish: produce attenuation power when switching handle 7, make handle return at 7 o'clock, attenuation power diminishes.And, in this steering damper apparatus, the slippage of 32 pairs of handle deflection angles of decoupling rod the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °.And, from cartridge type bumper 30 act on as the attenuation power of the front fork 2 of turn side parts the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near diminish, and along with the handle deflection angle becomes big away from 0 °.Therefore, use this steering damper apparatus, can make the steering damper apparatus of motor bike satisfy the above-mentioned requirements that is proposed.
And because cartridge type bumper 30 is in the fore-and-aft direction setting, thereby this steering damper apparatus is configured to roughly to use this steering damper apparatus along vehicle body frames 6, can reduce the restriction to miscellaneous part configuration etc.
[embodiment 3]
Figure 14 and Figure 15 illustrate the 3rd embodiment according to steering damper apparatus of the present invention, and Figure 14 is the planar view that the preceding fork of the motor bike of equipping this steering damper apparatus is shown, and Figure 15 is the lateral plan of seeing from arrow 15 directions of Figure 14.
In addition, in this 3rd embodiment, have same-sign, thereby omit repeat specification with the cooresponding part of the 2nd embodiment.
As Figure 14 and shown in Figure 15, under the situation of this 3rd embodiment, on the extension 6j that rearward extend the upper end of from the beginning managing 6h, the link rod 38 that forms general triangular rotates supported freely by horizontal shaft 39.And, at this link rod 38, and constitute together with head pipe 6h between the following pipe 6d between left and right sides main car frame 6m, the 6m of vehicle body frames 6 and set cartridge type bumper 40.This cartridge type bumper 40 is by bumper case 41, constitute with the decoupling rod 42 that in this bumper case 41, slides, this bumper case 41 rotates with the rear end side of link rod 38 by horizontal shaft 43 and is connected freely, and decoupling rod 42 rotates with the upper surface of managing 6d down by horizontal shaft 44 and is connected freely.On the other hand, rotate above connecting rod 45 the leading section and be connected freely by spherical joint 46 and link rod 38, the other end of this connecting rod 45 is by spherical joint 47, with the ratio deflecting bar 5 of the upper central portion of the top bridge 4a on the top that forms fork bridge 4 more the rotated position in the place ahead be connected freely.
Like this, cartridge type bumper 40 with by lever operated be that the fork bridge 4 of the turn side parts that rotate of center is connected with deflecting bar 5, and pass through link rod 38 and connecting rod 45, though be connected by the lever operated vehicle body frames of also not rotating 6.This connecting rod 45 is adapted to, when handle 7 is positioned at midway location, promptly when the handle deflection angle is 0 °, making connecting portion with connecting rod 45 two ends is that each center bonded assembly straight line L1 of spherical joint 46,47 is positioned at the central axis S that comprises deflecting bar 5 and on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction extends.
And this cartridge type bumper 40 forms, and produces attenuation power when shrinking, and produces attenuation power when extending hardly.
Other formations are identical with the 2nd embodiment.
In the steering damper apparatus that constitutes like this, if handle 7 for example switches to the left side, then front fork 2 is that the center left is to rotation with the central axis S of deflecting bar 5, and top bridge 4a turns to the long and two-short dash line position of Figure 14, thereby the spherical joint 47 that combines with the front, center of this top bridge 4a moves shown in the arrow of Figure 14.As a result, the spherical joint 46 that combines with link rod 38 is center thereby make this link rod 38 with horizontal shaft 39 by rearward pushing with these spherical joint 47 bonded assembly connecting rods 45, rotates shown in the arrow of Figure 15.Therefore, cartridge type bumper 40 shrinks, and applies attenuation power from this cartridge type bumper 40 to the top of turn side parts bridge 4a.And even handle 7 switches to when the right, the spherical joint 46 of link rod 38 sides also rearward is urged, thereby same, and cartridge type bumper 40 shrinks, and produces attenuation power.
And, when making the handle 7 that switches to the right or the left side turn back to midway location, in either case, 40 elongations of cartridge type bumper, thereby produce attenuation power hardly.
Like this, use the steering damper apparatus of this 3rd embodiment, can accomplish: when turning to, produce attenuation power, when the handle of having done to turn to is returned, produce attenuation power hardly.And, under the situation of this steering damper apparatus, the turn side parts move through connecting rod 45 and link rod 38 is passed to cartridge type bumper 40, thereby cartridge type bumper 40 and turn side parts are broken away from and configuration in any direction, as above-mentioned embodiment, also can realize utilizing the configuration of the cartridge type bumper 40 at dead angle between main car frame 6m, 6m etc.
[embodiment 4]
Figure 16 and Figure 17 illustrate the 4th embodiment according to steering damper apparatus of the present invention, and Figure 16 is the lateral plan of fork bridge portion of front fork that the motor bike of this steering damper apparatus of equipment is shown, and Figure 17 is the front elevation of seeing from arrow 17 directions of Figure 16.
In addition, in this 4th embodiment, have same-sign, thereby omit repeat specification with the cooresponding part of the 1st embodiment.
As Figure 16 and shown in Figure 17, under the situation of this 4th embodiment, at the above-below direction central portion of from the beginning the managing 6h leading section of outstanding stay 8a forwards, the link rod 48 that forms general triangular rotates supported freely by horizontal shaft 49.And, between the upper end of this link rod 48 and head pipe 6h, set cartridge type bumper 50.This cartridge type bumper 50 is by bumper case 51, constitute with the decoupling rod 52 that in this bumper case 51, slides, this bumper case 51 rotates with the front, upper end of head pipe 6h by horizontal shaft 53 and is connected freely, and decoupling rod 52 rotates with the leading section of link rod 48 by horizontal shaft 54 and is connected freely.On the other hand, connecting rod 55 rotates with the front, bottom of link rod 48 by spherical joint 56 and is connected freely, and the other end of this connecting rod 55 passes through spherical joint 47, rotates with the left and right directions central portion front of the end bridge 4b that forms the bottom of pitching bridge 4 to be connected freely.
Like this, though cartridge type bumper 50 be connected by the lever operated vehicle body frames of also not rotating 6, and by link rod 48 and connecting rod 55, with by lever operated be that the fork bridge 4 of the turn side parts of center rotation is connected with deflecting bar 5.This connecting rod 55 is adapted to, when handle 7 is positioned at midway location, promptly when the handle deflection angle is 0 °, making connecting portion with connecting rod 55 two ends is that each center bonded assembly straight line L2 of spherical joint 56,57 is positioned at the central axis S that comprises deflecting bar 5 and on the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction extends.
And this cartridge type bumper 50 forms, and produces attenuation power when extending, and produces attenuation power when shrinking hardly.
Other formations are identical with the 1st embodiment.
In the steering damper apparatus that constitutes like this, if handle 7 for example switches to the left side, then front fork 2 is that rotate to left at the center with the central axis S of deflecting bar 5, and bridge 4b rotates equally at the end, thereby the spherical joint 57 that combines with the front, center of this end bridge 4b moves to the position shown in the long and two-short dash line of Figure 17.As a result, the spherical joint 56 that combines with link rod 48 is left behind with these spherical joint 57 bonded assembly connecting rods 55, and this link rod 48 is the center with horizontal shaft 49, rotates shown in the arrow of Figure 16.Therefore, 50 elongations of cartridge type bumper apply attenuation power from this cartridge type bumper 50 to the end of turn side parts bridge 4b.And when handle 7 switched to the right, the spherical joint 56 of link rod 48 sides was left behind, thereby same, and 50 elongations of cartridge type bumper produce attenuation power.And when making the handle 7 that switches to the right or the left side turn back to midway location, in either case, cartridge type bumper 50 shrinks, thereby produces attenuation power hardly.
Like this, use the steering damper apparatus of this 4th embodiment, can accomplish: when turning to, produce attenuation power, when handle after turning to is returned, produce attenuation power hardly.And, under the situation of this steering damper apparatus, the turn side parts move through connecting rod 55 and link rod 48 is passed to cartridge type bumper 50, thereby cartridge type bumper 50 and turn side parts are broken away from and configuration in any direction.Therefore, can further improve the configuration degree of freedom of cartridge type bumper 50.
[embodiment 5]
Figure 18 illustrates the 5th embodiment according to steering damper apparatus of the present invention, is the planar view of preceding fork of the motor bike of this steering damper apparatus of equipment.
In addition, this the 5th embodiment has only changed the allocation position of the cartridge type bumper 30 among above-mentioned the 2nd embodiment and the variation of direction, because most of formation is identical with the 2nd embodiment, thereby has same-sign with the cooresponding part of the 2nd embodiment, and omit repeat specification.
As shown in figure 18, under the situation of this 5th embodiment, the stays (not illustrating) that spherical joint 33 are installed equally with stay 28 among the 2nd embodiment in the upper end be arranged on above the top bridge 4a that pitches bridge 4 from the take back position of side of left and right directions central portion.And the bumper case 31 of cartridge type bumper 30 rotates connection freely by this spherical joint 33 and supports by bar 58.On the other hand, on vehicle body frames 6, be provided with from the extension 6k of its right flank to right-hand extension, on this extension 6k, be provided with the 2nd embodiment in the same outstanding upward stay (not illustrating) of stay 29.And the decoupling rod 32 of cartridge type bumper 30 rotates with this stay by spherical joint 34 and is connected freely.
Like this, under the situation of present embodiment, cartridge type bumper 30 is adapted to, and when the handle deflection angle was 0 °, the central axis D2 that makes cartridge type bumper 30 was with respect to vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry angulation.Yet in this case, when the handle deflection angle was 0 °, the central axis D2 of cartridge type bumper 30 formed with the central axis S of deflecting bar 5 crossing.That is, when the handle deflection angle was 0 °, the central axis D2 of cartridge type bumper 30 and the central axis S of deflecting bar 5 were in the same plane.
In the steering damper apparatus that is equipped with cartridge type bumper 30 like this, be under 0 ° the state at the handle deflection angle, if handle 7 for example switches to the left side, then the top bridge 4a of turn side is that the center turns to the left side with the central axis S of deflecting bar 5, and be in the state shown in the long and two-short dash line of Figure 18, thereby spherical joint 33 moves to the vehicle body rear side as shown by arrows.Therefore, cartridge type bumper 30 shrinks, and produces attenuation power.And when handle 7 switched to the right, cartridge type bumper 30 shrank equally, thereby produced attenuation power.And, when making the handle 7 that switches to the right or the left side turn back to midway location, in either case, 30 elongations of cartridge type bumper, thereby can produce attenuation power hardly.
Like this, under the situation of the steering damper apparatus of the 2nd embodiment, this cartridge type bumper 30 there is no need to be configured to, and when handle 7 during at midway location, one is positioned on the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction longitudinal plane of symmetry, also can be configured to depart from a little vehicle body fore-and-aft direction longitudinal plane of symmetry.
And cartridge type bumper 30 also can be arranged on below the end bridge 4b that pitches bridge 4 and between the vehicle body frames 6.
[embodiment 6]
Figure 19 illustrates the 6th embodiment according to steering damper apparatus of the present invention, is the front elevation of preceding fork of the motor bike of this steering damper apparatus of equipment.
In addition, this 6th embodiment is the variation that has only changed the allocation position of the cartridge type bumper 10 among above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, because other formation are identical with the 1st embodiment, thereby has same-sign with the cooresponding part of the 1st embodiment, and omission repeat specification.
As shown in figure 19, under the situation of this 6th embodiment, be provided with the outstanding stay 59 of direction left at the left surface of head pipe 6h.And, on end bridge 4b, be provided with outstanding upward stay 60 in the position of the side of taking back from its left and right directions central portion.And the bumper case 11 of cartridge type bumper 10 rotates with the stay 59 of head pipe 6h side by spherical joint 13 and is connected freely, and the decoupling rod 12 of cartridge type bumper 10 rotates with the stay 60 of end bridge 4b side by spherical joint 14 and is connected freely.This cartridge type bumper 10 forms, when the handle deflection angle is 0 °, make the central axis D1 of cartridge type bumper 10 parallel with the central axis S of deflecting bar 5 etc., like this handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, the central axis D1 of cartridge type bumper 10 and the central axis S of deflecting bar 5 are positioned on the roughly same plane.
In the steering damper apparatus that has disposed cartridge type bumper 10 like this, if handle 7 switches to any side in the left and right sides from 0 ° of deflection angle, then cartridge type bumper 10 always extends.And when making the handle 7 that switches to the right or the left side turn back to midway location, in either case, cartridge type bumper 10 shrinks.Therefore, can accomplish: when switching handle 7, produce attenuation power, and the handle 7 that switches when making produces attenuation power when returning hardly.
Like this, use the steering damper apparatus that cartridge type bumper 10 and vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry is broken away from configuration, can obtain the effect identical with the basic effect of the 1st embodiment.That is, if the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, the central axis D1 of cartridge type bumper 10 and the central axis S of deflecting bar 5 are positioned on the roughly same plane, just can depart from vehicle body fore-and-aft direction longitudinal plane of symmetry a little.
And cartridge type bumper 10 also can be arranged between the top bridge 4a and vehicle body frames 6 of fork bridge 4.
More than, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, yet the invention is not restricted to this embodiment, can adopt various embodiment within the scope of the invention.
For example, cartridge type bumper 10,30 except as the various embodiments described above, beyond a sidepiece of bumper chamber 15 is provided with receiver chamber 17, can also use periphery in the bumper chamber that the double hose cartridge type bumper of receiver chamber is set.And, can use compression spring, replace the pressure gas 19 that piston 18 application of forces be arranged on receiver chamber 17 sides are used, also can and use both.And the present invention can also be applicable to other vehicles of four-wheel steering car etc. except the motor bike of the foregoing description.
Claims (2)
1. steering damper apparatus, it is with decoupling rod (12,32,42,52) the cartridge type bumper (10 that in bumper case (11,31,41,51), slides, 30,40,50), be arranged on turn side parts (4a, 4b) and body-side member (6d, 6h, 6j, 6k) between, wherein (4a is that rotate at the center by operating handle with deflecting bar (5) 4b) to the turn side parts, and body-side member (6d, 6h, 6j even 6k) operating handle does not rotate yet, is characterized in that
Above-mentioned cartridge type bumper (40,50) by by above-mentioned body-side member (6j, 6h) rotate the link rod (38,48) that supports freely and with this link rod (38,48) bonded assembly connecting rod (45,55) (4a 4b) connects with above-mentioned turn side parts;
Above-mentioned connecting rod (45,55) is adapted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make connecting portion (46,47 with above-mentioned connecting rod (45,55) two ends; 56,57) (L1 L2) roughly is positioned on the plane of the central axis (S) that comprises above-mentioned deflecting bar (5) the bonded assembly straight line.
2. steering damper apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned connecting rod (45,55) is adapted to, the handle deflection angle be 0 ° near, make connecting portion (46,47 with above-mentioned connecting rod (45,55) two ends; 56,57) (L1 is L2) roughly along the vehicle body longitudinal plane of symmetry that extends at the vehicle body fore-and-aft direction for the bonded assembly straight line.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003301072 | 2003-08-26 | ||
| JP2003301072 | 2003-08-26 | ||
| JP2004085399 | 2004-03-23 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100563597A Division CN100344499C (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2004-08-09 | Steering damper apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101041375A true CN101041375A (en) | 2007-09-26 |
| CN100569581C CN100569581C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
Family
ID=38807224
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100876970A Expired - Fee Related CN101041376B (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2004-08-09 | Steering damper device |
| CNB2007100876966A Expired - Fee Related CN100569581C (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2004-08-09 | Steering damper apparatus |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100876970A Expired - Fee Related CN101041376B (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2004-08-09 | Steering damper device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN101041376B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113167352A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-07-23 | 天纳克汽车经营有限公司 | Damper with multiple external control valves |
| CN113386848A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Amphibious steering column for amphibious vehicle |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2710651C3 (en) * | 1977-03-11 | 1981-06-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | Hydraulic steering damper for two-wheeled vehicles |
| IT237852Y1 (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 2000-09-29 | Crc Ct Ricerche Cagiva S A | STEERING DAMPER OF A MOTORCYCLE WITH A CONSTANTLY ORTHOGONAL AXIS TO THE LONGITUDINAL PLAN OF THE VEHICLE SYMMETRY |
-
2004
- 2004-08-09 CN CN2007100876970A patent/CN101041376B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-09 CN CNB2007100876966A patent/CN100569581C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113167352A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-07-23 | 天纳克汽车经营有限公司 | Damper with multiple external control valves |
| CN113167352B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2022-10-28 | 天纳克汽车经营有限公司 | Damper with multiple external control valves |
| CN113386848A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Amphibious steering column for amphibious vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101041376B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| CN100569581C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
| CN101041376A (en) | 2007-09-26 |
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