CN101037998A - Positive vortex highly effective high pressure pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is an efficient positive vortex pump, which belongs to fluid machinery. The positive vortex pump overcomes disadvantages of low efficiency, small flow and limited hoisting height of prior vortex pumps. It is consisted of rotor with saw-shaped blades on periphery, rotating flow passage lateral plate and a diameter-equivalent stator. The lateral plate is in a close fit with the stator, which is used for radial periphery sealing of the pump. A annular flow passage is divided by isosceles-trapezoid-like baffle blocks, suction inlets and outlets are provided on both sides. When the rotor rotates, rotor speed is higher than speed of fluid inside the annular flow passage, fluid particles with low energy accelerates in the blades, which are thrown out in a angle larger than rotor excircle tangent, a plurality of positive vortex bodies are formed, which are end-to-end, and the vortex bodies are accelerated continuously to increase energy, very high pressure can be gained by the fluid on the outlets. The invention has a wide application prospect in transportation of high-pressure extra-high pressure low-viscosity fluid and gas compression.

Description

Positive vortex highly effective high pressure pump

Technical field

This invention belongs to fluid machinery, and the supercharging that is mainly used in low-viscosity fluid such as water, light oil and gas is carried, and is particularly useful for higher pressure, the high-pressure system of liquid.

Background technique

At present, at high pressure 20～300m, small flow 0.1～20m ³In the liquid conveying system in the/h scope, except that adopting plunger pump and gear pump isometric(al) pump, also generally use peripheral pump.Peripheral pump is simple in structure, reliable operation, it has the impeller of the disk sample that is radial evenly distributed 20～60 blades on the circumference, with prismatic ring runner of the common formation of circular pump case, the import and export of runner are all on the excircle of runner, there is dividing plate the centre, thus import and export is kept apart.Its working principle is, utilizes the high speed rotary motion of impeller, makes fluid be subjected to centrifugal action in the vertical vorticla motion of interior generation, and this vorticla motion is the motion that a kind of helical is advanced; In vertical vortex process, fluid particle is given fluid particle in the runner energy transfer by impeller blade, and fluid particle is every through primary vane, just obtains primary energy.Therefore under identical impeller outer diameter situation, peripheral pump is than centrifugal pump lift height.But its mechanical efficiency is very low, and using scope is limited.

In order to further investigate the working principle of peripheral pump, find the way that solves its inefficiency problem, before analyzing, we are temporarily earlier clearly to give a definition: the vortex rotation direction is consistent with the runner inner fluid flow direction, becomes positive vortex; The opposite negative rotation whirlpool that is called; Vertical or the angled sidespin whirlpool that is referred to as.Simultaneously, getting the single liquid pump describes.

Because not only there is vertical annularly flow in liquid in the runner, but also there is horizontal annularly flow one sidespin whirlpool in present peripheral pump.Also this just sidespin whirlpool just makes the interior liquid of pump to pass in and out impeller repeatedly, has improved kinetic energy, the potential energy of liquid; But also just because of there being this motion, make liquid constantly between the pump housing and impeller blade, rub, cause loss; Simultaneously, the center in this sidespin whirlpool then forms a relative low energy zone, and the liquid here can not enter impeller channel increases energy, can only obtain energy by the sidespin eddy current that helical around it is advanced; Therefore, there is certain liquid return phenomenon in this center region.In actual design, in order to limit the regional excessive of this low voltage side vortex core, width of flow path just can not design widely, thereby has also just limited the range of flow of this pump.

By further research, we also find, in the peripheral pump running, have a kind of low pressure eddy current-negative rotation whirlpool all the time at the back side of each blade.It is since the impeller prismatic blade in its high speed rotating process, surrounding liquid can't be supplemented to the zone, behind of blade rapidly, and then produces an area of low pressure, the liquid in the zone is subjected to the induced effect of runner inner fluid, has produced the negative rotation whirlpool.When this area inner pressure is reduced to a certain degree, cavitation will take place, produce noise, blade is constituted harm.Therefore, this negative rotation vortex pair fluid pressurized is like water off a duck's back, only consumed energy for no reason; Research thinks that the energy dissipation that the negative rotation whirlpool produces proportion in total energy dissipates is very big.So peripheral pump no matter is at big flow or in the small flow section, its efficient is all lower, generally between 20%～40%.This is the fatal shortcoming of present peripheral pump, has seriously limited the using scope of this pump.

Comprehensive pump class performance and market actual demand at present, it is wide to press for a kind of flow Applicable scope, such as at 0.1～1500m ³/ h, high-lift, such as at 100～3500m, high efficiency is more than 80%, high reliability, the peripheral pump of extremely low pulsation.The problem to be solved in the present invention that Here it is.

Summary of the invention

By analysis to prior art, improve the vortex pump performance, just must overcome their shortcoming.

The invention provides a kind of construction design method of high efficiency fluid suction booster, it has overcome all deficiencies of existing peripheral pump, inherits and has extended existing advantage.Its structural feature is as follows:

At first, it has adopted a kind of rotor that is similar to round disk saw, and several zigzag fashion blades evenly distribute on circumference, and the width of rotor depends on the size of design discharge;

Secondly, by two ends of rotor, together constitute the uniform section ring runner with the be fixed together side plate and the isodiametric stator inner wall of rotation simultaneously of rotor;

The 3rd, epitrochanterian side plate circumference and stator inner wall are taked precision-fit, and the gap is minimum, are used for the axial flow of fluid sealing of pump; Be provided with balancing slit in the middle of the sealing surface, and link to each other with pump intake, or be connected, to reduce or to eliminate substantially the outer discharge of pumping fluid with aspirator by a hole on stator;

The 4th, the two ends of pump are fixed on the stator by two end caps, and rotor keeps and the stable concentricity of stator by axle and the bearing that is fixed on the end cap;

The 5th, ring runner is separated by custom-designed barrier stopper, and fluid intake is set, and meanwhile be fluid discharge outlet, consistent with present peripheral pump, but its barrier stopper sectional shape is similar isosceles trapezoid design.

Its working principle is such: when rotor high-speed rotates, the speed of rotor blade is higher than the speed of ring runner inner fluid, owing to be ring runner, it all is high outside and low outside that the particle energy of each vortex body distributes, promptly along radially distributing from low to high, high more near the outer field energy of runner, the energy near rotor is low more; The zigzag fashion blade of rotor then just in time can constantly be collected and be in low-energy fluid particle, and be subjected to the guide functions of blade at the blade place and turn to, be subjected to action of centrifugal force and quicken, along with fluid discharge basically identical direction, flow out greater than the angle of rotor cylindrical tangent line, then with runner in fluid carry out energy transfer; The flow of liquid that produces from rotor blade had both played the effect that increases liquid energy in the runner, played the effect that refluxes that cuts off again; So constantly circulation makes that each vortex body is constantly quickened, and increases energy.These fluids are divided into several positive vortex bodies by several zigzag fashion blades of rotor, and join end to end, and just as several battery series connection can obtain high voltage, run up to very high pressure at the exhaust port place of pump, make fluid obtain very high lift.

Subitem studies show that the present invention has the plurality of advantages that is different from existing peripheral pump technology:

1. based on following reason, this pump can obtain very high efficient.

1.1 rotor blade is the class zigzag fashion, has eliminated the low pressure negative rotation whirlpool that prismatic blade exists behind.Therefore only there is positive vortex in the pump, also do not have the sidespin whirlpool simultaneously; The fluid sealing that each positive vortex body is dished out by blade can not produce the ubiquitous backflow of present peripheral pump, flow-disturbing phenomenon in runner;

1.2 the side plate and the rotor of runner both sides together rotate, fricative between the fluid in it and the runner is positive influences, helps increasing fluid energy;

1.3 owing to take impeller side plate circumference and the accurate Spielpassung of stator inner wall, remove outside the bearings at both ends, there are not mechanical friction in stator and rotatable parts; Simultaneously, leakage rate is limited, and volumetric efficiency is also higher;

1.4 because rotor and side plate be not immersed in the liquid, so there is not disc friction losses substantially;

1.5 the import and export dividing plate of similar isosceles trapezoid design has been eliminated import and export, the especially fluid impact of inlet loss.

2. based on following reason, this pump can obtain very wide range of flow.

2.1 the flow of the width direct correlation pump of rotor, and change the design discharge of the change pump that the rotor width design just can equal proportion, the while can not change its lift performance and efficiency characteristic;

2.2 change the rotating speed of rotor, also can be similar to direct proportaion ground and change flow, be fit to very much speed governing and transfer the stream demand.

3. based on following reason, this pump can obtain ultrahigh pump lift efficiently.

3.1 the mechanical strength of rotor and its class zigzag fashion blade is very high, simultaneously, does not have disc friction losses, so root diameter can be done greatlyyer;

3.2, do not increase the complexity of pump so this pump can be designed to multistage pump easily because epitrochanterian runner side plate and rotor together rotatablely move; Join end to end between level and the level and just can obtain several times single-stage lift of pump.

4. based on the zigzag fashion rotor blade design of this pump uniqueness, its anti-cavitation performance is very outstanding.

5. adopt radial periphery sealing based on this pump, the axial dimension of pump is short and can be designed to the both-end bearings easily, so rigidity and intensity are all fine, do not have axial force simultaneously.

Except that above advantage, the present invention also has the common characteristics of common peripheral pump simultaneously: simple in structure, volume is little; Extremely low pulsation performance; Suddenly the H-Q curve that falls; Suction capacity preferably; You Yi reliability and longer working life more; Lowland running noise more.

Need to prove especially that at last this invention not only is suitable for the liquid pressurization, be equally applicable to the compression process of gas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of positive vortex pump.

Fig. 2 is the axial section structural drawing.

Mark main parts size among the figure, toponym is respectively:

The 1-vane rotor; The 2-pump case stator; The 3-barrier stopper; The 4-exhaust port; The 5-suction port; 6,12-runner side plate; 7,11-end-cover axle bearing; 8,10-bearing; The 9-axle.

Embodiment

Since simple in structure clear, and in this structural drawing, also provided feasible technological design, therefore implement not so difficult.In specific implementation process, should note following problem:

1, pump case stator 2 can adopt the mode that casting is processed then, also can adopt casting to add the mode of cover in the stator, can also be designed to the mode with the motor direct connection.

Taking which kind of mode will look different fluid, flow and pressure changes flexibly.Generally speaking,, take the mode of direct connection more, reducing the volume of pump, even can save the bearing at two ends for miniature pump; For magna pump, then must consider the stability of vane rotor, need carry out with reference to figure 2 forms.

Consider according to simple design that 2, vane rotor 1 should be made of one structure with runner side plate 6,12, is convenient to the high-precision processing of its outer round surface.For the manufacturer who has higher casting ability, can adopt the mode of integrated casting, otherwise need separately to make processing, and then be assembled into together.

3, barrier stopper 3 is fixed by screw and stator, it and rotor cylindrical 1 and runner side plate will keep micro-gap between 6,12, length of thread engagement between itself and rotor will cover 2.5 times more than the tooth pitch, prevents the internal leakage of high low pressure fluid, reduces the volumetric efficiency of pump.

4, the position of rotor on axle should be located by axle sleeve, bearing, also can adopt the method for the location of floating for miniature pump, promptly realizes by the way of offering left and right sides balancing orifice, groove on barrier stopper 3.

5, have very big flexibility on the material selection, what be worth to specify is, when the fluid of pumping is the water or the aqueous solution.Its corrosion performance be must consider, radial periphery sealing corrosion, inefficacy prevented material; When reliability requirement was higher, tungsten carbide button or other similar high abrasion resisting material should be considered in the position that rotor and stator radial periphery sealing match.

If 6 pumpings is liquid, the leakage drainage port will be offered in the bottom of both sides end cap.

7, the bearing of both sides end cap will have the plate washer sealing, prevents the intrusion of dust or liquid.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of positive vortex pump, it is characterized by have be evenly distributed on the circumference, with ring runner vane rotor wide, class zigzag fashion blade, it can produce end to end several positive whirlpool bodies during running, and this kind pump can make the low-viscosity fluid obtain wide flow and high-lift.

2, a kind of peripheral pump that is characterized as blade shape sawtooth like shape, no matter this blade is distributed on the rotor circumference or is distributed in rotor side surface, it all can eliminate the ordinary straight blade behind the negative rotation whirlpool and improve overall efficiency greatly.

3, a kind of runner side plate and rotor (or Ordinary Centrifugal Pumps impeller) are fixed together with the speed rotation, take the interior circle of side plate cylindrical and isodiametric stator (or pump case) precision-fit to carry out the sealed fluid flow pump.This pump does not have total disc friction losses of common wing pump and axle envelope mechanical friction loss.

4, based on right 3, a kind ofly it is characterized in that being furnished with on the face of being sealed and matched balancing slit, balancing slit can link to each other with pump intake or be connected with aspirator, and then the radial periphery sealing method that the leakage that produces is controlled.

5, based on right 1 and right 3, a kind of being characterized as by the stator external communication realized the multistage positive vortex pump of ultrahigh pump lift that joins end to end and constitute.

6, a kind of peripheral pump runner that is characterized as similar isosceles trapezoid is imported and exported dividing plate, and it can effectively reduce the fluid impact loss of eliminating the peripheral pump import and export.

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