The apparatus and method that suppress titanium precious stone laser amplifier parasitical surge
Technical field
The present invention relates to ti sapphire laser, particularly a kind of apparatus and method that suppress large scale titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge.
Background technology
The development that deepens continuously along with the ultrafast science of high field, the energy in superpower ultrashort laser source and the requirement of intensity are improved constantly, in femtosecond magnitude ultrafast laser system, chirped pulse based on titanium jewel (Ti:Sapphire) crystal amplifies the main technological route that (CPA) is the above-mentioned target of realization, and large scale titanium jewel amplifier is the main source that obtains high-energy output, therefore becomes one of key link of this system.Increase along with the titanium gem crystal size, the exportable ceiling capacity of crystal also increases thereupon, but simultaneously, because the increasing of crystal lateral dimension, plane of crystal Fei Nieer reflection causes the laser generation (being called parasitic oscillation) between the side to be strengthened thereupon, this will consume the population number that crystal is gone up the major part counter-rotating that energy level stores after by pumping, thereby greatly reduce the amplification efficient and the output energy of flashlight, influence the normal operation of whole system.Crystal diameter is big more, and parasitic oscillation is also strong more, and the amplification efficient of flashlight reduces manyly more, is to improve the key that flashlight amplifies efficient, realizes high energy laser output so overcome parasitic oscillation.
Overcome the existing in the world special report of method of parasitic oscillation, document [F.G.Patterson sees reference, J.Bonlie, D.Price, and B.White, Opt.Lett.24,963 (1999)], be to propose first by people such as F.G.Patterson in 1999, and measured the contrast of the parasitic oscillation power before and after crystal on side face adds matter of matching.The colloidal materials that adopts a kind of refractive index and titanium gem crystal to be complementary in the document, this material is to be 1.6849 semisolid material by a kind of refractive index that U.S. Cargille Laborataries company produces, near 110 ℃, can melt and be liquid, make it attached to crystal on side face, cooling back colloid and plane of crystal are bonded together preferably, reduce the reflectivity that crystal shows, the carbon dust that mixes in the colloid can absorb the spontaneous radiation fluorescence that appears from the side, thereby overcomes the parasitic oscillation effect.
The concrete operations of this method are, this material is heated at a slow speed near 110 ℃, and at this moment, this material is only flowability liquid preferably, are controlled near this temperature liquid is stable always, mix the printer carbon dust, and constantly stirring until evenly.Titanium gem crystal is fixed in the crystal cartridge, crystal on side face and support have the space of a sealing, crystal and support are also evenly heated and remain near 110 ℃, the side gap that glue pours into crystal cartridge is mated in allotment uniformly, fill its automatic cooling of relief, coupling glue at room temperature solidifies, just form the absorbed layer of a curing in crystal on side face, can reduce the reflection efficiency of spontaneous radiation photon, and absorb the photon that refraction is advanced, thereby suppress parasitic oscillation in crystal on side face.But we find to want to suppress well parasitic oscillation, coupling glue is well contacted with crystal on side face, can not there be bubble to exist, otherwise, spontaneous radiation fluorescence in offside reflection still than higher, thereby form parasitic oscillation easily, this just requires crystal on side face to polish, and solid-state glue could fine the contact with crystal on side face.Simultaneously, the temperature of the speed of encapsulating, crystal and glue and whole cooling procedure are wanted better controlled, otherwise, also be easy to produce bubble, therefore, the operation more complicated.In addition, after work a period of time, the carbon dust in the colloid can be bleached because of absorption, causes absorption efficiency to descend, and needs to change again coupling glue, and crystal just needs heating again so, waits sucking-off after the glue liquefy, irritates virgin rubber again.If crystal shows damage, need polish plated film etc. again need take down from support, or the O RunddichtringO is need change the time, all must be 110 ℃ of operations down, its degree of difficulty well imagines, in addition, just in case in the encapsulating process, because of carelessness glue is dripped to plane of crystal, to be difficult to clean out, bring damage to crystal.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art coupling glue, a kind of inhibition large scale titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge apparatus and method are provided, this method requires all operation at room temperature, and is not only simple to operate, and fail safe is good.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of inhibition titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge device, characteristics are that its structure comprises one for the hull shape support that titanium gem crystal is installed, the two ends of this hull shape support all are provided with screw hole, respectively there are an O RunddichtringO and annular trim ring in the two ends of this hull shape support, the correspondence position of described annular trim ring and described hull shape support is provided with screw, go deep into screw with described annular trim ring by screw, O RunddichtringO and described hull shape support link together, form hermetically-sealed construction, dripping hole and pore are arranged, the liquid matter of matching of filling between described hull shape support and titanium gem crystal on the sidewall of described hull shape support.
Described hull shape support has columnar structured, and corresponding annular trim ring and O RunddichtringO are circular.
The dripping hole of described hull shape support and pore are respectively equipped with corresponding plug.
The using method of described inhibition titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge device comprises the following steps:
The first step, described O RunddichtringO is put into the groove of the annular trim ring in shell holder left side, with screw annular trim ring and shell holder are fixed, again titanium gem crystal is placed on this O RunddichtringO above, the external diameter of selected O RunddichtringO is identical with the external diameter of titanium gem crystal, and the length of shell holder and the length of titanium gem crystal are complementary;
Second step, the O RunddichtringO that another is identical is placed on the other end of this titanium gem crystal, make the external diameter of the external diameter of O RunddichtringO over against titanium gem crystal, then with this O RunddichtringO of groove alignment of the annular trim ring on right side, make the screw of the annular trim ring on this right side aim at the screw of described shell holder, be screwed, guarantee that there is good sealing property in the space between crystal on side face and the shell holder;
The 3rd step, with dropper described liquid matter of matching is poured into from dripping hole in the space of titanium gem crystal and shell holder, because the refractive index of liquid matter of matching and crystal is approaching, just can see the height of the liquid matter of matching in side and the contact-making surface of liquid and crystal from the crystal front, splash into the gap at liquid, slightly rock shell holder, avoid crystal to show and liquid matter of matching between have bubble, after liquid matter of matching is filled it up with, with plug sealing dripping hole and pore.
Described liquid matter of matching is the mixed solution of naphthalene bromide or diiodomethane and carbon dust.
The preparation method of described liquid matter of matching is at normal temperatures, an amount of naphthalene bromide or diiodomethane are poured in the glassware, add carbon dust then gradually, the weight ratio of described carbon dust and naphthalene bromide or diiodomethane is 1: 5-1: 8, continuous agitating solution when adding carbon dust is dissolved in the liquor carbon dust equably.
Described naphthalene bromide, English name: 1-Bromonaphthalene, chemical molecular formula: C
10H
7Br is the achromaticity and clarification non-toxic aq, refractive index: 1.7041.Refractive index according to titanium gem crystal, n=1.76 and Fei Nieer surface reflectivity formula be not when adding any liquid matter of matching, the incidence angle of supposing light is zero degree (only considering that perhaps incidence angle is zero part), and the reflectivity when air is incided on the titanium gem crystal surface is: 7.6%.Adopt after the liquid matter of matching of naphthalene bromide, reflectivity from titanium gem crystal to liquid matter of matching is: 0.026%, with do not add liquid matter of matching and compare, reflectivity two orders of magnitude that descended, so according to aforementioned calculation, after adding carbon dust, this liquid can be used to suppress the parasitic oscillation of large scale titanium jewel amplifier.
Described diiodomethane, English name: Methylene iodide, chemical molecular formula: CH
2I
2, be achromaticity and clarification liquid, refractive index: 1.7320.After adopting diiodomethane as liquid matter of matching, incidence angle is that the reflectivity of light from titanium gem crystal to liquid matter of matching of zero degree is: 0.007%, so adopt above-mentioned compound method and device can be used for suppressing the parasitic oscillation of titanium jewel amplifier too.
The present invention adopts a kind of and the liquid matter of matching titanium gem crystal refractive index match, make titanium gem crystal the spontaneous radiation that is produced behind the population inversion be occurred by pumping, on the interface of titanium gem crystal, be not scattered or reflect in the crystal, but refraction is advanced in the liquid of coupling.With the proper proportion carbon dust that evenly mixed, absorb the radiation that injects liquid matter of matching fully in the liquid matter of matching.Therefore, under the high-magnitude pumping situation, parasitic oscillation is subjected to effective inhibition in the large scale titanium gem crystal amplifier, thereby improves the amplification efficient of titanium precious stone laser amplifier widely.
Compare with first technology, the present invention has following distinguishing feature:
1, liquid matter of matching is in liquid state always, without any need for the temperature control facility, can finish whole operations under the room temperature, and is very easy.In addition, the liquid matter of matching of bleaching or aging sealing rubber ring are all changed easily, described liquid matter of matching does not have damaging action to crystal, has improved the fail safe of system.。
2, liquid matter of matching is not easy to form bubble with the side of crystal, when guaranteeing to suppress the parasitic oscillation effect, has reduced the polishing requirement to crystal on side face, the polishing of titanium gem crystal side is not had special requirement, thereby can reduce cost, and raises the efficiency again.
3, the liquid matter of matching of selecting for use is cheap, and as naphthalene bromide, homemade goods just can meet the demands fully, buys easily, saves time, and reduces cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view that the present invention suppresses large scale titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge device.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 earlier, as seen from the figure, the present invention suppresses the device of titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge, be characterised in that it comprises one for the hull shape support 3 that titanium gem crystal 4 is installed, the two ends of this hull shape support 3 all are provided with screw hole, respectively there is an O RunddichtringO 2 at the two ends of this hull shape support 3, one annular trim ring 1 is respectively arranged outside this O RunddichtringO 2, described annular trim ring 1 is provided with screw hole with the correspondence position of described hull shape support 3, go deep into screw hole with described annular trim ring 1 by screw 5 or 6, O RunddichtringO 2 links together with described hull shape support 3, form a hermetically-sealed construction, dripping hole 7 and pore 8 are arranged on the described hull shape support 3, the liquid matter of matching that is adopted is a naphthalene bromide, or the mixed solution of diiodomethane and carbon dust.The hull shape support of stating 3 has columnar structured, and corresponding annular trim ring 1 and O RunddichtringO 2 also are circular.The dripping hole 7 and the pore 8 of described hull shape support 3 are respectively equipped with plug.
The using method of described inhibition titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge device comprises the following steps:
The first step, described O RunddichtringO 2 is put into the groove of the annular trim ring 1 in shell holder 3 left sides, with screw 6 that annular trim ring 1 is fixing with shell holder 3, again titanium gem crystal 4 is placed on this O RunddichtringO 2 above, the external diameter of selected O RunddichtringO 2 is identical with the external diameter of titanium gem crystal 4, and the length of the length of shell holder 3 and titanium gem crystal 4 is complementary;
Second step, the O RunddichtringO 2 that another is identical is placed on the other end of this titanium gem crystal 4, make the external diameter of the external diameter of O RunddichtringO 2 over against titanium gem crystal 4, then with this O RunddichtringO 2 of groove alignment of the annular trim ring 1 on right side, make the screw of the annular trim ring 1 on this right side aim at the screw of described shell holder 3, fixing with screw 5, guarantee that there is good sealing property in the space between crystal on side face and the shell holder 3;
The 3rd step, described liquid matter of matching is poured in the space of titanium gem crystal 4 and shell holder 3 from dripping hole 5 with dropper, because the refractive index of liquid matter of matching and crystal is approaching, just can see the height of the liquid matter of matching in side and the contact-making surface of liquid and crystal from the crystal front, splash into the gap at liquid, slightly rock shell holder 3, avoid crystal to show and liquid matter of matching between have bubble, after liquid matter of matching is filled it up with, with plug sealing dripping hole 7 and pore 8.
Described liquid matter of matching is the mixed solution of naphthalene bromide and carbon dust.
The preparation method of described liquid matter of matching is at normal temperatures, an amount of naphthalene bromide is poured in the glassware, added carbon dust then gradually, the weight ratio of described carbon dust and naphthalene bromide is 1: 5-1: 8, continuous agitating solution when adding carbon dust is dissolved in the liquid carbon dust equably.
The present invention suppresses titanium jewel amplifier parasitical surge device, after work a period of time (about March), carbon dust in the liquid matter of matching can be bleached gradually, and Amplifier Gain can descend to some extent, can judge the situation of liquid matter of matching according to amplifying efficient, at this moment, open the dripping hole and the pore of sealing, liquid matter of matching is poured out, repeat above-mentioned steps, again prepare liquid matter of matching, and inject the interlayer of support and crystal.Whole process steps is simple, and operation is safe easily.In the process that crystal splashes into and separates out, preferably plane of crystal is sealed with lens paper or vinyl cover, show just in case accidentally liquid is dripped to crystal, wipe immediately, can not damage crystalline film.
The present invention is applied in heavy caliber (Φ 80) the titanium jewel amplification test, experimental result proves that the present invention can effectively suppress parasitic oscillation in large scale titanium jewel amplifier, improves efficiency of amplitude, with first technology ratio, have advantages such as simple, convenient and safe.
In addition, utilize diiodomethane also to do experiment, diiodomethane, English name: Methyleneiodide, chemical molecular formula: CH
2I
2, be achromaticity and clarification liquid, refractive index: 1.7320.After adopting diiodomethane as liquid matter of matching, incidence angle is that the reflectivity of light from titanium gem crystal to liquid matter of matching of zero degree is: 0.007%, so adopt above-mentioned compound method and crystal sealing device can be used for suppressing the parasitic oscillation of titanium jewel amplifier too.