CN101034159A

CN101034159A - Automobile ultrasonic sensor

Info

Publication number: CN101034159A
Application number: CN 200710008614
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余晓鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-02-13
Filing date: 2007-02-13
Publication date: 2007-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2027-02-13
Also published as: CN100533173C

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultrasonic transducer, which can be used for reversing radar or forward radar installation of car. The invention at least includes outer shell, back cap, detecting head, inlay electric circuit, connector and card tie. This detecting head links inlay electric circuit by signal, and both of them are installed in out shell. This connector signal links inlay electric circuit, and structure links back cap; periphery of out shell has card tie slot. Periphery of this back cap has card pillar; stated card pillar matches with card tie slot to fix out shell and back cap. Stated card tie matches with card tie slot to fix out shell and card tie. Technique scheme of this invention is of small size, strong system tamper-resistant capability, and it has no abnormal working phenomenon such as mistake warning.

Description

A kind of automobile ultrasonic sensor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle electronics, especially relate to a kind of ultrasound wave sensing that in automobile, cooperates reversing or advance.

Background technology

Present stage, the most reversing radar of vehicle or the radar that advances all are to utilize ultrasound wave to carry out work, and the echolocation principle of work and power of animal such as the bat of its ultimate principle and occurring in nature, dolphin is the same.Sound is a kind of ripple, and our people's ear can be heard the frequency range of sound generally at 20Hz-20KHz, surpasses 20KHz, and the people is unheard, is referred to as ultrasound wave.The aerial velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave also equals velocity of sound (340 meter per second); After ultrasound wave ran into barrier, the meeting echogenicity by calculating the time difference between emission and the reception, just can be calculated the distance of county of emission and barrier so.Reverse radar system by controller according to a plurality of ultrasonic sensor work of sequential control, ultrasonic probe detects the signal of returning and be transferred to controller again after the ultrasonic sensor built-in circuit is handled, controller is found out the distance of sensor and barrier by high-speed computation, main frame passes through inner or outside sound or display alarm then, thereby effectively driver assistance person parks.The ultrasonic sensor of above-mentioned astern radar device generally all is installed on the forward and backward bumper of automobile.

At present, the astern radar device on the market, ultrasonic sensor roughly have two kinds.First kind is the inner ultrasonic sensor that does not design built-in circuit, and sensor is given controller detected faint analog signal transmission by shielding line.Though this first kind of sensor size is less, adaptation is assemblied on the forward and backward bumper of all kinds of automobiles, is faint simulating signal owing to what transfer out, so such mode system poor anti jamming capability, often has the phenomenon of malfunctions such as false alarm.Second kind is the ultrasonic sensor that indoor design has signal processing circuit, and built-in ultrasonic sensor is promptly arranged.Though this second kind of sensor antijamming capability is strong, the phenomenon that can not have malfunctions such as false alarm substantially, but because this kind Design of Sensor mode is too complicated, therefore size is bigger, then not only cause the assembling difficulty on the forward and backward bumper of automobile, the versatility reduction to all kinds of vehicles reduces forward and backward bumper strength, and make that the outward appearance of probe is attractive in appearance inadequately, can increase the cost of sensor self once more.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of ultrasonic sensor, it has overcome, and background technology existing size is big, system's poor anti jamming capability and the technical matters that often has the phenomenon of malfunctions such as false alarm.

Purpose of the present invention realizes like this: a kind of ultrasonic sensor, it is applied to the radar for backing car of automobile or the radar installations that advances, which comprises at least shell, bonnet, probe, built-in circuit, connector and buckle, the signal connection also all is installed in the shell between this probe and the built-in circuit, and this connector signal connects built-in circuit and structure connects bonnet; This shell outer peripheral face is provided with buckle slot, and this bonnet periphery is provided with the card post; Above-mentioned card post and buckle slot wringing fit to be being fixed together shell and bonnet, and above-mentioned buckle and buckle slot wringing fit are to be in the same place shell and snap fit.

Also comprise rubber sleeve and sponge block, above-mentioned probe is installed in the shell by rubber sleeve, and above-mentioned sponge block pad is located between probe back and the built-in circuit front; In addition fill all the other cavitys between shell and the bonnet with silica gel.

This card post front end face is replaced the buckle rear end face.

This buckle has connecting portion and elastic, and this connecting portion is embedded and tightly fits in the buckle slot, the extended buckle slot of this elastic outer with structural orientation in automobile.

This buckle slot is a dovetail groove, and the middle part medial surface of this dovetail groove is provided with little triangle projection.

This bonnet front is formed with storage tank, and the rear portion of middle all transformers of built-in circuit is positioned in this storage tank.

This built-in circuit comprises power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, emission driving circuit and echo selective frequency amplifier circuit, and the emission driving circuit connects the power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, and the echo selective frequency amplifier circuit connects the emission driving circuit.

This built-in circuit is located at the upper and lower surface of circuit substrate.

Technical scheme of the present invention, be in the same place by card post and being tightly fixed of buckle slot between shell and the bonnet, be in the same place by buckle and being tightly fixed of buckle slot between shell and the buckle, the bulky shortcoming of complex structure of then having avoided early stage employing screw to connect and having caused, signal after the simulating signal that built-in circuit processing probe is received will be handled again is transmitted in main frame, has then avoided transmission of analogue signal and system's poor anti jamming capability that causes and the phenomenon that often has malfunctions such as false alarm.Ultrasonic sensor miniaturization Design of the present invention makes the installation of ultrasonic sensor on the forward and backward bumper of automobile become convenient and easy, has also reduced the cost of ultrasonic sensor effectively, has also increased the aesthetics on automobile.The built-in circuit of ultrasonic sensor comprises power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, emission driving circuit, echo selective frequency amplifier circuit, its signal to ultrasonic sensor output has carried out filtering and processing and amplifying, thereby make the designing requirement of the radar for backing car or the radar controller that advances reduce, and effectively raise the reliability of system works.

Description of drawings

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Figure 1A is one of stereographic map of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Figure 1B be ultrasonic sensor of the present invention stereographic map two.

Fig. 1 C is the front view of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 1 D is the left view of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 1 E is the right view of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional explosive view of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1 D.

Fig. 4 A is the stereographic map of the built-in circuit of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 B is the left view of the built-in circuit of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 C is the front view of the built-in circuit of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 5 A is the decomposition front view of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 5 B is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 1 D.

Fig. 5 C is the C-C cut-open view of Fig. 5 B.

Fig. 5 D is the D-D cut-open view of Fig. 5 B.

Fig. 5 E is the E-E cut-open view of Fig. 5 A.

Fig. 5 F is the local I enlarged drawing of Fig. 5 B.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the built-in circuit of ultrasonic sensor of the present invention.

Embodiment

Please refer to Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of ultrasonic sensor, it comprises shell 1, rubber sleeve 2, bonnet 3, buckle 4, sponge block 5, probe 6, built-in circuit 7, connector 8 and silica gel 9.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 A, 1 one-tenth sleeve shaped of shell, even spaced apart four buckle slots 12 that are provided with of sleeve outer peripheral face, this buckle slot 12 is axial dovetail groove, its rear end 12A is communicated with shell 1 rear end face with the formation opening, and this opening afterbody rounding 12C pegs graft with facility.This shell 1 is mainly used in to internal components provides the installation carrier, and provides fixed mechanism for the assembling of ultrasonic sensor on bumper.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 2, bonnet 3 is installed on shell 1 rear end face.These bonnet 3 peripheries evenly are provided with four card posts 33; Design has the circular hole 31 of special construction on the bonnet 3, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, this hole is a stairstepping, and in two sub-sections, inside is big hole 31A, and the outside is small sircle hole 31B, and small sircle hole 31B is a through hole.This bonnet 3 is used to cooperate shell 1 to provide the installation carrier for internal components.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, rubber sleeve 2 is installed on shell 1 front portion, and probe 6 is installed in the rubber sleeve 2, and this rubber sleeve 2 and probe 6 all are fixedly arranged on shell 1 front portion.This rubber sleeve 2 is used for absorbing effectively vibration, and the vibration transfer that prevents sensor influences the reception of sensor to echoed signal at last to shell 1 and nerf bar.This probe 6 is used for emission ultrasound wave, reception ultrasound wave under the driving of external circuitry (built-in circuit 7).

Please refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, built-in circuit 7 is installed on shell 1 rear portion, and sponge block 5 pads are located at built-in circuit 7 fronts and are popped one's head between 6 back; The built-in circuit 7 and the signal connection between 6 of popping one's head in.The main effect of this built-in circuit 7 is: drive probe work, receive the signal that returns simultaneously and signal is carried out respective handling, make it compliance with system requirement more.This sponge block 5 be used for after the Absorbing Sensor to emission, prevent from unwanted direction, to produce ultrasonic emitting, cause interference to useful signal.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 2, buckle 4 has connecting portion 41 and elastic 42, and connecting portion 41 is embedded and tightly fits in the buckle slot, elastic 42 stretch out buckle slot outer with structural orientation in automobile.This buckle 4 provides fixed mechanism for the assembling of ultrasonic sensor on bumper.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Figure 1B and Fig. 2, connector 8 signals connect built-in circuit 7 and structure connects bonnet 3, this connector 8 be used to realize with vehicle body on transfer wire be connected transmission signals.

Please refer to Figure 1B and Fig. 3, silica gel 9 pours into cavity between shell 1 and the bonnet 3 by bonnet hole 32.The effect of this silica gel 9: the one, make ultrasonic sensor have water-proof function, the protection internal electronic device, the 2nd, it is better that inner structure is connected and fixed, and strengthened the shockproof function of ultrasonic sensor, and the 3rd, bonding shell 1 and bonnet 3.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, Fig. 1 D, Fig. 1 E, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B and Fig. 5 D, specifically introduce the syndeton of bonnet 3 with the shell 1 of ultrasonic sensor.The bonnet 3 and the shell 1 of ultrasonic sensor all are working of plastics, guarantee that in design the buckle slot afterbody 12A of shell 1 and the card post 33 of bonnet are designed to interference fit, be connected with the wringing fit of four card posts 33 being fixed together by four buckle slot afterbody 12A between bonnet 3 and the shell 1, and enclosure pours into the effect that also can play bonding bonnet behind the silica gel.Traditional ultrasonic sensor adopts screw that shell and bonnet are coupled together morely, because adopt screw to connect, makes the corresponding increase of wall thickness of shell, and the increase of wall thickness under the situation of the circuit of the identical size of assembling, makes the external diameter of shell increase.Design organization of the present invention has then reduced the wall thickness of ultrasonic sensor effectively, and the structure of product also meets the requirement of use fully.In addition, ultrasonic sensor is because the position of assembling makes that it often is to be exposed among the atmosphere, can spatter the rainwater of upper ground surface under steam, adopt the ultrasonic sensor of screw retention, screw exposure duration has been grown and will get rusty, the screw that gets rusty not only may influence outward appearance, and shell was lost efficacy with the effect that is connected of bonnet.

Please refer to Figure 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, Fig. 1 D, Fig. 1 E, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C, Fig. 5 E and Fig. 5 F, specifically introduce the syndeton of ultrasonic sensor buckle 4 and shell 1.What buckle 4 adopted is stainless steel material, and the buckle slot middle part 12B medial surface on the shell 1 has the structure that has triangle projection 13, and this structure purpose is in order to be easy to the buckle 4 of packing into, to guarantee again and the buckle wringing fit, shown in Fig. 5 C.The structural design mode of this invention, also for ultrasonic sensor is designed to not have the screw syndeton, the design for the ultrasonic sensor miniaturization just provides assurance.

Please refer to Figure 1B, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 A, specifically introduce the structure of ultrasonic sensor bonnet.In order to reduce the length of whole ultrasonic wave sensor, for facility the electric parameter of ultrasonic sensor is regulated simultaneously, the present invention designs the circular hole 31 that special construction is arranged on bonnet 3, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, this hole is a stairstepping, and in two sub-sections, inside is big hole 31A, the outside is small sircle hole 31B, and small sircle hole 31B is a through hole.Because the diameter of big hole 31A is bigger than the maximum outside diameter of middle all transformer T1 of built-in circuit 7, therefore all transformers of centering have positioning action, all transformers can arbitrarily not swung in the enclosure during this location made, this convenient user regulates by screwdriver centering week transformer top adjusting knob T1-A, as Figure 1B and Fig. 4 A.Because 31A has certain degree of depth, therefore can utilize its space hold in the top part volume of all transformers, then this structure makes the length of whole ultrasonic wave sensor just reduce to some extent, the length of ultrasonic sensor reduces.The length minimizing of this sensor has following two advantages: one, length reduce makes the ultrasonic sensor inner space reduce, and the glue that needs to irrigate also just reduces; They are two years old, length reduces the assembling on the bumper before and after automobile of convenient ultrasonic sensor, and (part car front and back bumper volume inside is smaller, make that the space of leaving hyperacoustic sensor assembling for is not enough, the length that effectively reduces ultrasonic sensor is for the effect that is equipped with clearly).

Please refer to Fig. 6, specifically introduce the design of ultrasonic sensor built-in circuit 7.The lead that is connected with the external world of ultrasonic sensor is divided into two, and one is ground wire, is port 2; Another root is not only the radar for backing car controller and is provided the power lead of power supply for ultrasonic sensor, or the drive wire of controller drives probe work, also is simultaneously the be signal wire of sensor to the controller return path signal, is port one.This built-in circuit 7 comprises power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, emission driving circuit and echo selective frequency amplifier circuit, and the emission driving circuit connects the power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, and the echo selective frequency amplifier circuit connects the emission driving circuit.

Please refer to Fig. 6, the power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing of ultrasonic sensor built-in circuit is provided with duodiode D3, diode D2B, electrochemical capacitor E1 and capacitor C 7.When the radar for backing car controller when ultrasonic sensor charges, power supply charges to electrochemical capacitor E1 by diode D3A, D3B, D2B.E1 is an energy storage device, for the amplifying circuit of echo selective frequency amplifier circuit provides power supply.

Please refer to Fig. 6, the emission driving circuit of ultrasonic sensor built-in circuit is provided with diode D2A, duotriode Q1, resistance R 9, R10 and R11, capacitor C 6 and middle all transformer T1.The radar for backing car controller produces the emission driving circuit of the pulse of tens Hz by the port one driving ultrasonic sensor of connector H1, when port one system level when being high, Q1B ends, the Q1A conducting, drive signal is passed through Q1A, the former limit of all transformer T1 during C6 is coupled to, produce high pressure rear drive ultrasonic sensor by transformer, when the port one system level becomes when low, the Q1B conducting, Q1A ends, negative drive signal is passed through Q1B, the former limit of all transformer T1 during C6 is coupled to, the discharge of promotion ultrasonic sensor, so circulation, ultrasonic sensor is exerted pressure repeatedly, discharge, the ultrasonic signal that produces corresponding frequencies is outwards launched.

Please refer to Fig. 6, the echo selective frequency amplifier circuit of ultrasonic sensor built-in circuit is provided with resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R12, duodiode D1, dual operational amplifier U1, capacitor C 1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C8.D1 is the input clamper of first order amplifying circuit; R3, R4, C3 provide reference voltage to amplifying circuit; R1, C1 constitute the input circuit of first order amplifying circuit, and R2, C2 then are the negative-feedback circuits of first order amplifying circuit, are used for regulating gain amplifier and filtering; R5, C4 constitute the input circuit of second level amplifying circuit, and R6, C5 then are the negative-feedback circuits of second level amplifying circuit, are used for regulating gain amplifier and filtering; U1A, U1B are respectively the cores of two-stage amplifying circuit: operational amplifier; R7, R8 constitute the output buffer stage of output signal.

Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C, schematic diagram according to circuit, promptly make pcb board according to Fig. 6, after each components and parts is welded on the pcb board as shown in Figure 4, in order to save the space, pcb board is designed to dual platen, the highest element is middle all transformer T1 (Fig. 2 on the pcb board, 3, shown in 4), in the top of all transformer T1 be adjusting knob T1-A, when the circuit shell of packing into, and after loading onto bonnet, small screw driver can be regulated (shown in Figure 1B) by 31 centerings of the through hole on bonnet week transformer, thereby regulates the electric parameters such as induction of ultrasonic sensor.

Because the design of ultrasonic sensor built-in circuit and structural design mode make the profile of ultrasonic sensor significantly reduce, the design of this miniaturized ultrasonic wave sensor, the ultrasonic sensor of relative no built-in circuit, improved the performance of ultrasonic sensor greatly, and traditional relatively ultrasonic sensor that built-in circuit is arranged, the greatly convenient again installation of ultrasonic sensor, thus the better basis of popularizing utilization provided for the utilization of ultrasonic sensor.At present, the ultrasonic sensor of the band built-in circuit that my company designs, its physical dimension has reached: length 27mm: external diameter: 21.8mm; Be a very exquisite, general, attractive in appearance, the high performance ultrasonic sensor that has built-in circuit.

The mounting list of ultrasonic sensor: before ultrasonic sensor is assemblied in automobile, on the rear bumper, preceding, have the pilot hole of ultrasonic sensor on the rear bumper, the diameter in hole is identical with the installation outer diameter D of ultrasonic sensor usually, see Figure 1A, during assembling, earlier in the hole of the afterbody of ultrasonic sensor (the connector 8 ends) bumper of packing into, when the elastic 42 of buckle 4 will enter mounting hole, then a little with defeating the ultrasonic sensor front portion, make the elastic rear portion 42A of buckle 4 produce distortion, 42B also enters the bumper bar rear side when the elastic peak, and side contacts before the rear side of shell front end outer 11 and the bumper bar, at this moment the anterior 42C of buckle elastic has the rear side of bumper bar and reaches outside acting force forward, makes ultrasonic sensor be fixedly mounted in the installation circular hole of bumper.The effect of the shell outer 11 of ultrasonic sensor is to keep closely cooperating of outer 11 rear sides and bumper front side, the external diameter W of outer 11 must design to such an extent that ratio sensor installation outer diameter D is big, if the installation inside diameter D of ultrasonic sensor is big more, the external diameter W of shell outer 11 can increase thereupon so, and excessive outward appearance then can influence the aesthetic measure after the whole ultrasonic wave sensor assembles onboard; Simultaneously the external diameter W of shell outer 11 can not be too big, otherwise may cause shell outer 11 and cooperating of bumper surface the gap to occur, all has certain radian mostly because bumper is surperficial, and on-plane surface, and excesssive gap influences equally that it is attractive in appearance.After being fitted into bumper, most of structure of ultrasonic sensor has then just entered bumper inside, more vehicle, because bumper inside can utilize the space limited, if the length L of ultrasonic sensor is excessive like this, will certainly cause so to install and interfere, thereby make ultrasonic sensor to assemble; Therefore the length L of ultrasonic sensor is more little, is beneficial to the installation on automobile more.

The above, only for preferred embodiment of the present invention, so can not limit scope of the invention process with this, i.e. the equivalence of doing according to the present patent application claim and description changes and modification, all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.

Claims

1. ultrasonic sensor, it is applied to the radar for backing car of automobile or the radar installations that advances, it is characterized in that: which comprises at least shell, bonnet, probe, built-in circuit, connector and buckle, the signal connection also all is installed in the shell between this probe and the built-in circuit, and this connector signal connects built-in circuit and structure connects bonnet; This shell outer peripheral face is provided with buckle slot, and this bonnet periphery is provided with the card post; Above-mentioned card post and buckle slot wringing fit to be being fixed together shell and bonnet, and above-mentioned buckle and buckle slot wringing fit are to be in the same place shell and snap fit.

2. a kind of ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise rubber sleeve and sponge block, above-mentioned probe is installed in the shell by rubber sleeve, and above-mentioned sponge block pad is located between probe back and the built-in circuit front; In addition fill all the other cavitys between shell and the bonnet with silica gel.

3. a kind of ultrasonic sensor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: this card post front end face is replaced the buckle rear end face.

4. a kind of ultrasonic sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: this buckle has connecting portion and elastic, and this connecting portion is embedded and tightly fits in the buckle slot of shell, the extended buckle slot of this elastic outer with structural orientation in automobile.

5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of ultrasonic sensors, it is characterized in that: this buckle slot is a dovetail groove, and the middle part medial surface of this dovetail groove is provided with little triangle projection.

6. a kind of ultrasonic sensor according to claim 5 is characterized in that: this bonnet front is formed with storage tank, and the rear portion of middle all transformers of built-in circuit is positioned in this storage tank.

7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of ultrasonic sensors, it is characterized in that: this built-in circuit comprises power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, emission driving circuit and echo selective frequency amplifier circuit, the emission driving circuit connects the power supply filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, and the echo selective frequency amplifier circuit connects the emission driving circuit.

8. a kind of ultrasonic sensor according to claim 7 is characterized in that: this built-in circuit is located at the upper and lower surface of circuit substrate.