CN101034046A - Method for lowering quality factoring in vibration environment - Google Patents
Method for lowering quality factoring in vibration environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101034046A CN101034046A CN 200610167365 CN200610167365A CN101034046A CN 101034046 A CN101034046 A CN 101034046A CN 200610167365 CN200610167365 CN 200610167365 CN 200610167365 A CN200610167365 A CN 200610167365A CN 101034046 A CN101034046 A CN 101034046A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method of depressing quality factor in vibration environment, belongs to syntony control technique. The invention includes basic structure piece of vibrating system; the characteristic lay in that it combine one or two kind stuff different from basic structure piece. This method is useful for shock eequipment of vibration test, can be used to depress quality factor of experimentation, and depress quality factor of motor vehicle vibration engine. The method through changing Young's modulus E and density rho of basic structure piece in vibrating system to change relatively damping ratio, thereby to achieve the aim of controlling quality factor Q value. This method can evidently depress quality factor in vibration test, wholly response curve even more flat. The invention can ensure system controllability, avoid excessive test and lacking test on occasion of not have multipoint control large table top.
Description
Technical field
But the invention belongs to the resonance control technology of vibration component of the vibrational system of various systems, relate in particular to a kind of method that reduces quality factor Q value in the vibration environment in the single-degree-of-freedom resonator system.
Background technology
In some single-degree-of-freedom resonator systems, in order to obtain resonance effect preferably, need the quality factor of increase system, i.e. the Q value.According to substance characteristics, in some vibrational systems and vibration simulation test, all products all can have resonance effect, the height of resonance peak has direct relation with properties of materials and product structure, this is presented as the size of quality factor, for vibrational system, more little performance or the characteristic test for whole basic building block of resonance peak is good more, but because the existence of resonance effect, actual test result resonance peak valley is very sharp-pointed, be unfavorable for vibration control and test, can't realize the accurate control vibrated or the qualification of vibration frequency range.In some cases, can cause the part basic building block that is in the vibrational system to damage, or cause experimental test not carry out, can't obtain the test data of desirable and science.
At present in order to satisfy the needs of control accuracy and vibration frequency range, the measure of generally taking is the rigidity of structure of strengthening the basic building block in the vibrational system, system resonance frequency when making vibration is enough high, to satisfy the needs of normal frequency scope, but this has caused the slow-witted complexity of structure, the quality of basic building block bigger, this has not only increased the manufacturing cost of equipment basic building block in the vibrational system, tests for vibration simulation, also greatly reduces the effective push of vibration rig.
Vibration test in the dynamic environmental test is the various vibration environments of simulation, utilizes excitational equipment to make test product stand predefined vibration, and reaches the process of certain test objective.Can the character of testing equipment and test product to the accuracy of determination data and the test very big influence that go on according to the imagination of expection.The dynamic perfromance of testing equipment basic building block and test product, it is the test accuracy that the quality of the amplitude versus frequency characte of vibrational excitation response is directly connected to test product, when the dynamic perfromance of this basic building block and test product is analyzed, the performance of bigger quality factor has a bigger peak value of response and more sharp-pointed response peak for its intrinsic response curve, when this peak value of response, act on the suffered overtesting value of test product, this is unfavorable for vibration control and test, test product also is unaffordable, and this will cause experimental data inaccurate or can't proceed to test the data of the science of obtaining.Less quality factor performance is very little for the peak value of response of the response curve of its dynamic perfromance, and peak valley is mild, makes whole test be in desirable state.
" Environmental Technology " first phase of publishing in 1999, (electrical science research institute in Guangdong compiled, bimonthly) article that name is called " optimizing the research of anchor clamps dynamic perfromance with the method for multiple spot vibration control " is disclosed, it adopts the multiple spot vibration control method, for example the method for control of multiple spot maximal value or multi-point average control changes the dynamic perfromance of excitational equipment large-scale jig, to increase the accuracy of test product vibration test.This method need increase a plurality of control sensors, also needs vibration controller to have a plurality of control channels.This technology only can warranty test carrying out, can not avoid the problem of local pressure inequality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibrational system by the damping characteristic that changes basic building block in the vibrational system, this method can effectively reduce quality factor, dwindle the amplitude-frequency of vibrational excitation response, realize the negative effect and the destruction of excitation response pair experiment in the elimination of the harmful resonance in the vibrational system and the various experimental enviroment, improve the experiment degree of accuracy.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment, the basic structural elements in the involving vibrations system is characterized in that, makes up one or both and be different from the material of basic building block on basic structural elements.
Concretely, in vibration test, a kind of material that is different from basic building block of combination on the basic structural elements of the vibration rig of vibrational system.
The anchor clamps of the shaking table of described basic structural elements involving vibrations testing equipment, vibration expansion platform or vibration rig.
The non-working surface of described shaking table or vibration expansion platform partly makes up the material that one deck is different from shaking table or vibration expansion platform.
The method of described combination is included in fixedly nonmetallic materials of the method for watering, cold pressing, wrapping up or filling by sulfuration, bonding, heat on the metal basic building block.
Described metal basic building block comprises the basic building block of aluminium, copper, iron, magnesium or its alloy material, and described nonmetallic materials comprise rubber, plastic cement or resin material.
The method of quality factor is characterised in that in this reduction vibration environment, in the vibration simulation test, and a kind of material that is different from this test product of combination on the test product of vibrational system.
Described test product is a metal cylinder, inwall combination one deck rubber, plastic cement or the resin material of metal cylinder.
The described vibrational system of this method also comprises the resonated parts on the motor vehicles, comprises engine, transmission shaft, oil pipe or forward and backward axle assemble.
In vibration environment, the pass between the damping characteristic of material and the quality factor Q is:
In the formula, ξ is a relative damping ratio; C is the viscous damping coefficient; C
0Be critical damping; f
0Be natural frequency; Q is a dynamic magnification factor; f
2, f
1Be last lower half-power frequency point.
As seen the relation of being inversely proportional between the relative damping ratio of material and quality factor in the environment can recently be adjusted quality factor by changing relative damping, and the Young modulus E of member and construction material density p have confidential relation in relative damping ratio and the system.
The inventor finds by a large amount of experiments, density by changing material in the vibrational system is the controlling performance factor effectively, promptly by a kind of material that is different from basic building block of combination on the basic building block in vibrational system, be about to two kinds, three or more combination of materials and become a structural entity method, effectively reduce the peak valley of vibration response curve, realize the easy control performance of vibrational system and the degree of accuracy of warranty test.
Be metal material owing to be in the basic building block of resonance response frequency fabric width in the vibrational system,, effectively improve the material characteristic of basic building block by the combination Young modulus E nonmetallic materials different on the metal basic building block with density p.Simultaneously according to the materialogy theory, each material all has its unique Young modulus E and density p, the factor of control natural frequency is E/ ρ, and the ratio difference of E/ ρ is not too big for most of metals, and this also is to need to adopt metal and the nonmetal theoretical foundation that makes up.
The method of combination can be conventional bonding, parcel and fill, and also can adopt the method for hot glue bonding, the qualitative after cure of semifluid, can also adopt the method for filling to make up for tubulose or flute profile basic building block.
The material that is in the basic building block in the vibrational system comprises aluminium AL, copper Cu, iron Fe, magnesium Mg or by its alloy of forming, nonmetallic materials comprise rubber, plastic cement and resin material.For vibration experiment, basic building block comprises each parts of excitational equipment, anchor clamps and test product, and this basic building block can make up on excitational equipment parts, anchor clamps or test product or part combination non metal material by the mode of combination.The for example vibration table of excitational equipment, expansion table top, moving coil framework etc., can make up another non-metallic material bed of material at the non-working surface of vibration table or expansion table top, also can be simultaneously compound at its workplace and non-working surface, but in order effectively to reduce the load of table top, generally only making up a non-metallic material bed of material at its non-working surface can obtain desirable effect.Test product is when carrying out the simulation test test, can the high quality factor value appear because of its exciting response also, cause and occur very large sharp-pointed resonance peak valley in the response curve, for example the tubular steel sheel that launches aircraft is being carried out simulation test when measuring corresponding experimental data, because response curve resonance peak valley is bigger in vibrational system, usually cause test to carry out, say nothing of and obtained accurately experimental data, by the bonding of wall within it combination one deck rubber layer, the resonance peak of its response curve obtains good inhibition, quality factor reduce greatly, and test is easy to control, and the experimental data degree of accuracy of test improves.
Say that further this method can be used in the all-environment vibrational system, being used for the controlling performance factor is the Q value, effectively eliminates the adverse effect that resonance brings.For example on some resonated parts of motor vehicles, carry out the combination of nonmetallic materials, reduce its quality factor in vibrational system.For example strong resonance can take place in the transmission shaft of a lot of motor vehicles, oil pipe after the speed of a motor vehicle reaches certain value, causes the vehicle body shake violent, by to combination non metal material on the exciting response parts, effectively reduces the resonance response width of cloth frequently, subdues the resonance peak valley.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the method of quality factor changes relative damping ratio by Young modulus E and the density p that changes basic building block in the vibrational system in this reduction vibrational system, thereby reach the purpose of controlling performance factor Q value, by this method the system quality factor in the vibration test is obviously reduced, whole response curve more levels off to smooth, can guarantee the controllability of system, not need big table top is carried out the generation that multiple spot control just can be avoided overtesting and undertesting.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of excitational equipment expansion platform in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the vibration response curve to excitational equipment expansion platform in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the vibration response curve of excitational equipment expansion platform in the Comparative Examples of the present invention.
Embodiment
With the shaking table and the above-mentioned expansion platform of the eastern water chestnut product ES-10 of company model, U.S. SD company produces PUMAFoundation type vibration controller and does the response test, and the drafting response curve, sees Fig. 2.
Comparative Examples adopts shaking table and the vibration controller identical with embodiment 1 that the same expansion platform that does not have combination rubber is not carried out response test, and the drafting response curve, sees Fig. 3.
By two response curves and determination data as can be seen: through the response curve of the expansion of the vibration in the Comparative Examples of resin bed combination platform when reaching certain vibration frequency, very big and sharp-pointed peak valley has appearred, for vibration-testing, the accuracy that this will have a strong impact on the carrying out of vibration test and record experimental data.Because a bigger peak base can occur when big peak-to-valley value occurring, this be vibration control do not wish to occur.
Carry out the combination of resin material by inoperative table top to same vibration expansion platform, the peak-to-valley value of the response curve that records is less, and peak-to valley ratio is milder, and this shows that vibration control is more accurate, test can normally be carried out, and the experimental data accuracy of mensuration improves greatly.
The method of product procatarxis element is to be applied in the test product data determination of environmental test in embodiment 2 these reduction vibrational systems.When the steel circular cylinder body that launches aircraft being carried out simultaneous test mensuration, because the existence of response curve peak valley makes test can not get accurate data, even because the resonance frequency width of cloth is bigger, the peak valley of response curve is too sharp-pointed, and excessive the causing of quality factor can't be continued test.
Coated inner wall one deck nitrile rubber elastomer layer at the steel circular cylinder body, vulcanize combination then, the simultaneous test that responds is again measured, peak-to-valley value in the response curve described of vibration controller is very little as a result, quality factor Q value is also very little, the influence that the carrying out of simultaneous test can not be resonated, can normally carry out and can warranty test determination data more accurate.
The method of product procatarxis element is to be applied in the resonated parts of vehicle in embodiment 3 these reduction vibrational systems.The transmission shaft of this automobile bottom is when running car to 100 kilometer/hour speed, serious resonance can take place, thereby influence the normal operation and the quality of automobile, existing settling mode is to carry out corresponding mechanical treatment according to the statically balanced principle of multiple spot, this corresponding transmission accuracy that reduces transmission shaft.
Carry out the mode that heat waters and wrap up one deck plasticized polyurethane gum cover on the metal drive shaft of automobile bottom, making quality factor is that the Q value also reduces greatly.Exercise test then, when automobile driving speed reached 100 kilometers/hour, transmission shaft did not resonate, when car speed reaches 160 kilometers/hour, transmission shaft does not still resonate, and this shows that the resonance of the transmission shaft width of cloth frequently reduces greatly by combination plasticized polyurethane gum cover.
Claims (9)
1. method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment, the basic structural elements in the involving vibrations system is characterized in that, on basic structural elements combination one or both be different from the material of basic building block.
2. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in vibration test, and a kind of material that is different from basic building block of combination on the basic structural elements of the vibration rig of vibrational system.
3. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the anchor clamps of the shaking table of described basic structural elements involving vibrations testing equipment, vibration expansion platform or vibration rig.
4. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 3 is characterized in that the non-working surface of described shaking table or vibration expansion platform partly makes up the material that one deck is different from shaking table or vibration expansion platform.
5. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the method for described combination is included in fixedly nonmetallic materials of the method for watering, cold pressing, wrapping up or filling by sulfuration, bonding, heat on the metal basic building block.
6. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described metal basic building block comprises the basic building block of aluminium, copper, iron, magnesium or its alloy material, and described nonmetallic materials comprise rubber, plastic cement or resin material.
7. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the vibration simulation test, and a kind of material that is different from this test product of combination on the test product of vibrational system.
8. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 7 is characterized in that described test product is a metal cylinder, inwall combination one deck rubber, plastic cement or the resin material of metal cylinder.
9. a kind of method that reduces quality factor in the vibration environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that described vibrational system also comprises the resonated parts on the motor vehicles, comprises engine, transmission shaft, oil pipe or forward and backward axle assemble.
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| CN 200610167365 CN101034046A (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2006-12-29 | Method for lowering quality factoring in vibration environment |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104101471A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-15 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | Broadband damping treatment method of vibration test clamp |
| CN106596018A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-04-26 | 中国机械工业集团有限公司 | Large-span building structure multi-point synchronization vibration test method |
| CN109163870A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-08 | 苏州长菱测试技术有限公司 | The method amplified girder construction and improve Amplitude Ration in vibration fatigue test of blade |
| CN111220337A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-02 | 苏州苏试试验集团股份有限公司 | Low-distortion moving coil framework structure of electric vibration table |
-
2006
- 2006-12-29 CN CN 200610167365 patent/CN101034046A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104101471A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-15 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | Broadband damping treatment method of vibration test clamp |
| CN104101471B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-06-08 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | The wideband damp treating method of a kind of vibration test fixture |
| CN106596018A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-04-26 | 中国机械工业集团有限公司 | Large-span building structure multi-point synchronization vibration test method |
| CN109163870A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-08 | 苏州长菱测试技术有限公司 | The method amplified girder construction and improve Amplitude Ration in vibration fatigue test of blade |
| CN111220337A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-02 | 苏州苏试试验集团股份有限公司 | Low-distortion moving coil framework structure of electric vibration table |
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Open date: 20070912 |