CN101033725B - Multipoint ignition engine - Google Patents
Multipoint ignition engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101033725B CN101033725B CN 200610170434 CN200610170434A CN101033725B CN 101033725 B CN101033725 B CN 101033725B CN 200610170434 CN200610170434 CN 200610170434 CN 200610170434 A CN200610170434 A CN 200610170434A CN 101033725 B CN101033725 B CN 101033725B
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Abstract
A multipoint ignition engine (1) includes a central electrode pair (9), disposed in the center of a combustion chamber (2), for forming a central spark gap (10), and a plurality of peripheral electrode pairs (12) held in a head gasket (15), which has an opening portion having a substantially identical diameter to an opening portion of a cylinder (5) in a position corresponding to the opening portion of the cylinder (5), for forming a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13) around the inner periphery of the opening portion in the cylinder (5). An air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber (2), which is obtained by mixing together fuel and air evenly to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or a richer/leaner air-fuel ratio than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, is ignited using both the central spark gap (10) and the plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-spot combustion engine that in single firing chamber, has a plurality of spark gaps.
Background technique
In spark ignition engine, the air-fuel mixture in the firing chamber is by spark ignitor, and usually, spark plug is to be connected the center, firing chamber ideally.When carrying out igniting at the center, the flame that is produced is therefrom propagated the mind-set periphery with one heart.
Yet flame is subjected to the cooling on chamber wall surface and may therefore extinguishes when reaching the periphery.If flame extinction, then unburned gas is discharged by outlet valve.When excessive air coefficient for example is approximately 1.7, the fuel concentration of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder is approximately 90,000ppm, and when flame when periphery extinguishes, the amount of the hydrocarbon of discharging with the unburned state in the underloading operating process may surpass 7,000ppm.Therefore, being no less than 8% waste of fuel ground discharges.And HC that discharges in waste gas and the amount of CO increase, and make the emission performance variation thus.
Thereby, this application has after deliberation a kind ofly partly arrange a plurality of spark gaps and the peripheral method of carrying out igniting from firing chamber that flame more likely extinguishes around cylinder opening.According to this method, flame is propagated to the center from a plurality of peripheral spark gaps, and the air-fuel mixture in the firing chamber can rapid combustion and can be suppressed at periphery and produce flame extinction thus.And, can postpone the firing time before top dead center usually, the loss that produces when the piston that can suppress to rise is pushed back by detonation thus downwards by reducing period of combustion.Like this, can improve the output and the fuel efficiency of motor.
The a plurality of spark gaps that the claimant is arranged in the periphery, firing chamber to employing carry out igniting technology made retrieval, found that document JP 57-185689A and JP58-175279A.
Summary of the invention
Yet, having realized that the method that is arranged in a plurality of spark gaps execution igniting of periphery, firing chamber for employing, they begin the phase mutual interference when propagate at the center from the periphery when flame, cause velocity of propagation to reduce, and can not realize desired rapid combustion thus.
Consider that these technical problems have designed the present invention in the background technique, its objective is and on spark ignition engine, realize rapid combustion, and improve the output and the fuel efficiency of motor thus.
Multi-spot combustion engine according to the present invention comprise be arranged in centre electrode that the center, firing chamber is used to form the center spark gap to and a plurality of peripheral electrode of being fixed on the insulation component right, described insulation component with the corresponding position of cylinder opening part on have and the cylinder opening part open part of equal diameters basically, be used for forming a plurality of peripheral spark gaps around the inner circumference of cylinder opening part.Utilize center spark gap and the indoor air-fuel mixture of a plurality of peripheral spark gap ignition combustions, described air-fuel mixture by with fuel and even air mix and obtain.
According to the present invention, adopt center spark gap and a plurality of peripheral spark gap to light mixed uniformly air-fuel mixture, so air-fuel mixture can rapid combustion.Because can rapid combustion, therefore can carry out igniting in the moment than the more close top dead center position of conventional engine, and the loss of the piston that can be suppressed at rising generation when being pushed downwards back by detonation.Thereby, can improve the output and the fuel efficiency of motor.
Other parts at specification propose and details of the present invention shown in the drawings and other feature and advantage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation according to multi-spot combustion engine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the view of expression head gasket structure.
Fig. 3 is a plurality of peripheral spark gaps of expression and the stable view that concerns between the gap length degree of spark that produces.
Fig. 4 is the view that the method for head gasket is made in expression.
Fig. 5 is the view of expression by the flame propagation state of inside, firing chamber.
Fig. 6 is the view of relation between a plurality of peripheral spark gaps of expression and the excess air coefficient upper limit (lower limit).
Fig. 7 is the view of expression second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 also is the view of expression second embodiment of the invention, the upper surface of expression piston.
Fig. 9 is the view of the part distortion example of expression second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is the view of the same part distortion example of second embodiment of the invention, the upper surface of expression piston.
Figure 11 is the view of expression third embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is the view of expression four embodiment of the invention.
Figure 13 is the view of expression fifth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 14 is the view of expression sixth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 15 is the view of expression seventh embodiment of the invention.
Figure 16 is the sectional view along the XVI-XVI among Figure 15.
Figure 17 is the view of the part distortion example of expression seventh embodiment of the invention.
Figure 18 is the sectional view along the XVIII-XVIII among Figure 17.
Figure 19 is the sectional view along the XIX-XIX among Figure 15.
Figure 20 is the view of the part distortion example of expression seventh embodiment of the invention.
Figure 21 is the view of the part distortion example of expression seventh embodiment of the invention.
Figure 22 is the view of expression eighth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 23 is the view of the part distortion example of expression eighth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 24 is the view of expression ninth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 25 also is the view of ninth embodiment of the invention, and the power of expression point fire ring receives the structure of pin.
Embodiment
First mode of execution
Fig. 1 represents the schematic configuration according to multi-spot combustion engine 1 of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, motor 1 is the premixing motor, and wherein the fuel that sprays by the sparger that links to each other with not shown suction port mixes with even air, when air-fuel mixture is introduced into firing chamber 2, is also burnt by spark ignition.In order to obtain required air-fuel ratio, the fuel quantity of regulating air inflow and spraying by sparger.Such as will be described below, motor 1 can be a direct injection engine.In order to improve fuel efficiency, the air-fuel ratio of air-fuel mixture is set to and by stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (for example is higher than, excess air coefficient is approximately 2), but guarantee the output of motor 1, the air-fuel ratio of air-fuel mixture be set equal to or less than (denseer) depend on operating area or in the whole operation zone by stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
Spark plug 8 is screwed into wherein by screw thread above cylinder head 3.The top of spark plug 8 is exposed to the center of firing chamber 2 and conductive electrode 9a and ground electrode 9b (being called as " centre electrode is to 9 " hereinafter) and stretches in the firing chamber 2 from the top of spark plug 8.Ground electrode 9b bends to L shaped, and the side by making ground electrode 9b is in the face of conductive electrode 9a and have the gap form spark gap (being called as " center spark gap 10 " hereinafter) between them.The base portion of spark plug 8 is as terminal (being called as " center terminal 11 " hereinafter), and links to each other with not shown spark coil.
Simultaneously, a plurality of conductive electrode 12a and ground electrode 12b (being called as " peripheral electrode is to 12 " hereinafter) are arranged in the periphery of cylinder 5 upper sheds part, make a plurality of spark gaps (being called as " peripheral spark gap 13 " hereinafter) equally spaced arrange in a circumferential direction.By make constitute respectively peripheral electrode to the top end surface of 12 electrode 12a, 12b mutually in the face of forming peripheral spark gap 13.Peripheral electrode is fixing by the head gasket 15 that is inserted between cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 4 to 12 base portion.Peripheral electrode stretches into the inside of cylinder opening part to 12, and passes through the radius of the radius of a circle of peripheral spark gap 13 less than cylinder 5 thus.
Adopt high heating resisting metal for example nickel or platinum as peripheral electrode to 12 material, the materials similar that this and the existing sparking-plug electrode of motor are adopted.Alternatively, the iridium that can adopt high durability as peripheral electrode to 12 material.At this moment, the top of two electrodes can narrow down, thereby can improve the flash-over characteristic of peripheral spark gap 13.
Fig. 2 represents the structure of head gasket 15.
Have diameter equates (equal or be slightly larger than) basically with open part on the cylinder 5 open part 17 with cylinder 5 on the corresponding position of open part be formed on the head gasket 15.A plurality of conducting elements 18 get around notch portion 17 and imbed head gasket.Conducting element 18 by with peripheral electrode to 12 different materials just by high conductive material for example copper form.
Constitute a plurality of peripheral electrode to the end that 12 conductive electrode 12a and ground electrode 12b are connected conducting element 18, make a plurality of peripheral electrode form by conducting element 18 series connection and be electrically connected 12.One end of series connection electrode links to each other with terminal (being called as " peripheral terminal 20 " hereinafter), and the other end links to each other with earthing terminal 21.
By adopting the molded end of cylindrical insulator to form peripheral terminal 20 towards peripheral terminal 20 1 sides conducting element 18 farthest.As shown in Figure 1, peripheral terminal 20 is contained in the groove that is respectively formed on cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 4, and is tightly being fixed by being clipped between cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 4 under this state.
The overall width value of peripheral spark gap 13 is set to will be larger about 1.5 times value divided by the resulting value of the quantity of peripheral spark gap 13 than by stablizing the width that produces spark with single gap.For example, suppose that stablizing the width that produces spark by single gap in the air-fuel mixture of compression is 3mm, and six peripheral spark gaps 13 be set that then the width of each peripheral spark gap 13 approximately is 0.8mm.
Fig. 3 represents can to produce the quantity of peripheral spark gap 13 of stable discharging and the relation of width in air when the secondary current energy of carrying by spark coil is 45mJ.Along with the increase of peripheral spark gap 13 quantity, must reduce width, to guarantee to produce spark.For example, when two peripheral spark gaps 13 are set, under the 1.2mm width, produce spark, but when the quantity of peripheral spark gap 13 was elevated to 20, the 0.2mm width was the limit that produces spark.These data are relevant with the situation of carrying out discharge in air, and under the actual high-voltage that is in firing chamber 2, can produce the width even the further reduction of the peripheral spark gap 13 of discharge.Can increase the width of peripheral spark gap 13 by the electric capacity that increases spark coil, but this has improved the possibility of leaking near spark coil from peripheral spark gap 13.
The width of peripheral spark gap 13 is near 13 stable the increasing of the peripheral spark gap earthing terminal 21 1 sides preferably.At this moment, the breakdown voltage (capacitive component) that can reduce near peripheral terminal 20 peripheral spark gaps 13 also can prolong the endurance (inductive component), thereby can be reduced near the possibility of leaking from peripheral spark gap 13 of peripheral terminal 20.
Simultaneously, regulate by the calorific value (easy degree that heat discharge) of a plurality of peripheral electrode by the length of regulating conducting element 18 12 ignition mechanisms that constitute.More particularly, by increasing the length of conducting element 18, peripheral electrode more likely is discharged into cylinder head 3 and cylinder block 4 by conducting element 18 and head gasket 15 to 12 heat, and the calorific value of ignition mechanism increases thus.The length of conducting element 18 is preferably changed to makes peripheral electrode remain in 500 ℃ and 850 ℃ of (or maximum 1000 ℃) scopes 12 temperature, in the time of 500 ℃, obtain automatic cleaning action, when 850 ℃ (or maximum 1000 ℃), can avoid abnormal combustion at an easy rate.
At this, regulate calorific value by the length of regulating conducting element 18, but except the length of regulating conducting element 18 or as replacement to it, can be by revising thickness (section area, perhaps if circular cross-section, then be diameter), width (with vertically vertical direction on size, comprise thickness) and the material of conducting element 18 regulate calorific value.
Even head gasket 15 also must prevent to produce between the end face of peripheral spark gap 13 and cylinder head 3, cylinder block 4 or piston 6 and leak when action of high voltage is on conducting element 18, and therefore the thickness of head gasket 15 is set so that the insulation resistance between the parts such as peripheral spark gap 13 and cylinder head 3 is bigger than the insulation resistance of peripheral spark gap 13, for example reaches 2mm.
As shown in Figure 4, by adopt inorganic matter for example the tackiness agent of the water glass form that constitutes of silicon or zirconium glass wool is shaped make head gasket 15, thereby form a pair of plate shape element 15b, 15c, wherein shape and the peripheral electrode with conducting element 18 is formed at least one apparent surface of described plate shape element the corresponding groove 15a of 12 base portion, and this adopts aphlogistic heat-resistant adhesive and be contained in conducting element 18 in the groove 15a and the peripheral electrode base portion to 12 and bond together plate shape element 15b, 15c.
Can be by before being shaped, being embedded into glass wool in to 12 base portion conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode and adopting the tackiness agent of water glass form to make whole mat forming and integrally formed head gasket 15 subsequently by the above structure.
Utilize this structure, even when the thickness of head gasket 15 is approximately 2mm, also the high insulation resistance of 100M Ω at least can be between parts such as peripheral spark gap 13 and cylinder head 3, fixed, and therefore the leakage between parts such as peripheral spark gap 13 and cylinder head 3 can be prevented.
The thickness that should be noted that head gasket 15 needs not to be uniformity, and can or be used to transmit around the water hole of cooling water around the open part of cylinder 5 if desired, head gasket 15 can increase thickness, applying adhesive or arrange that the pearl thin plate is to improve its sealability.
Below, will the operation of above multi-spot combustion engine 1 be described.
In firing chamber 2, import uniform air-fuel mixture from suction port.In some cases, air-fuel mixture is set the air-fuel ratio that is in by stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or littler (denseer), is approximately rare air-fuel mixture of 2 to improve fuel efficiency but have excess air coefficient in this employing.Light by the air-fuel mixture that applies high voltage secondary voltage to center terminal 11 and peripheral terminal 20 and will import in the firing chamber 2, make spark therefrom fly out in heart spark gap 10 and a plurality of peripheral spark gap 13.
Fig. 5 represents the flame propagation state in the firing chamber 2 when the air-fuel mixture in the firing chamber 2 is lighted by center spark gap 10 and a plurality of peripheral spark gap 13 simultaneously.Can carry out combustion test by the constant volume container that employing has connected transparent windows and check flame propagation state in the firing chamber 2.
Flame therefrom heart spark gap 10 and a plurality of peripheral spark gap 13 is propagated with one heart.And, 2 top propagate from the firing chamber from the flame of center spark gap 10, and 2 bottom propagate from the firing chamber to the top from the flame of peripheral spark gap 13 to the bottom.Therefore, flame spreads all over firing chamber 2 on three-dimensional, and therefore can realize the rapid combustion of air-fuel mixture.This rapid combustion is to adopt the routine of single spark gap igniting institute irrealizable.
In addition, the unburned gas final combustion that between center spark gap 10 and peripheral spark gap 13, is compressed, but this part gas can not extinguish because of cooling, thus the air-fuel mixtures in the firing chamber 2 can burn almost do not stay any unburned part.
Like this, in multi-spot combustion engine 1 according to the present invention, just can obtain enough velocity of combustion by carrying out simply, and therefore not need as conventional engine, to adopt the air-flow aftercombustion speed that produces by squish or eddy current from the igniting of spark gap 10,13.Air-flow also can increase cooling loss, and therefore in order to ensure do not produce air-flow in motor according to the present invention, firing chamber 2 preferably is formed shed roof shape or hemisphere, thereby has seldom fold on its wall surface.
Fig. 6 represents when only adopting peripheral spark gap 13 to carry out igniting and when the comparison of the excess air coefficient upper limit (lower limit) when adopting peripheral spark gap 13 also to adopt center spark gap 10 to carry out to light a fire.Be set to operational condition with the partial load of the corresponding 2000rpm of operational condition that drives in the urban district.As shown in Figure 6, no matter the quantity of peripheral spark gap 13 is much, adopts center spark gap 10 and peripheral spark gap 13 to carry out igniting and the peripheral spark gap 13 of independent employing and carries out igniting and compare can carry out driving under higher excess air coefficient.
Should be noted that be synchronous at this to the moment that center terminal 11 and peripheral terminal 20 apply voltage, but preferably to the periphery terminal 20 apply voltage and after center terminal 11 applies voltage, carrying out, make that at first therefrom heart spark gap 10 is carried out igniting.
When at first when center terminal 11 applies voltage, unburned gas by the pressurized gas of center heat be compressed in firing chamber 2 around, the flame radiation heat that the heat that produces by 13 igniting of peripheral spark gap increases and the temperature of periphery unburned gas produces by the center obtains raising thus.Thereby the cooling action of wall surface reduces, and the periphery that has reduced firing chamber 2 produces danger such as flame extinction, ignition lag, and the smooth combustion that therefore realizes.
Phase difference for example is set in 5 °, but phase difference can change according to the operational condition (rotating speed, load, air-fuel ratio or the like) of motor 1.For example, phase difference reduces under low speed and improves under high speed, heavy duty.According to the shape of firing chamber 2, can require phase difference reverse.
Can believe ability that a plurality of peripheral spark gaps 13 carry out igniting basically simultaneously owing between conducting element 18 and cylinder head 3 or cylinder block 4, having formed preset capacitor, and the electric charge that is stored in the preset capacitor continues the generation spark.More particularly, preset capacitor be formed on each conducting element 18 near, and electric charge is stored in each capacitor.Therefore, when producing discharge on certain peripheral spark gap 13, the electric capacity that forms preset capacitor load on the side that load flows to because of discharge is excessive, so high voltage also is applied on the adjacent peripheral spark gap 13.Form with chain reaction produces discharge like this.
Below, will be described effect of the present invention and effect.
According to above-mentioned multi-spot combustion engine 1, employing center spark gap 10 and a plurality of peripheral spark gap 13 are lighted air-fuel mixture, therefore mixed uniformly air-fuel mixture can rapid combustion in firing chamber 2, particularly under the rarer situation of air-fuel mixture.Because can rapid combustion, therefore can carry out igniting in the moment than the more close top dead center of conventional engine, therefore can suppress the damage that is produced when the piston 6 that rises being pushed back downwards by detonation.Thereby, can improve the output and the fuel efficiency of motor 1.
In addition, burning is therefrom heart spark gap 10 and 13 beginnings of a plurality of peripheral spark gap respectively, make air-fuel mixture final combustion between center spark gap 10 and the peripheral spark gap 13.Yet this part is away from the wall surface of firing chamber 2, so flame can not extinguish in this part.Therefore, the air-fuel mixture perfect combustion basically in the firing chamber 2, and reduced the HC of discharge and the amount of CO.And even in the lean-burn process, air-fuel mixture also can burn uniformly, rather than by stratified-charge combustion, therefore can make quite rare air-fuel mixture burning to reduce the NOx discharging.Like this, according to above-mentioned multi-spot combustion engine 1, the discharge amount of HC, CO and NOx can reduce, thereby can improve emission performance.
And, reduce the variation of burn cycle, and in the idle running process, improved the stability of motor 1 especially.Therefore, flywheel weight can reduce, thereby can further improve fuel efficiency.In this case, also improve the step response of motor 1, and therefore can suppress the driving of motor 1 in the accelerating process.
In addition, be arranged in the igniting of carrying out before the igniting by a plurality of peripheral spark gaps 13 by center spark gap 10 by voltage being applied constantly phase difference, the pressurized gas that produce by the center have improved the concentration of periphery unburned gas, the increase of the increase of the heat that produces when causing lighting a fire and the periphery unburned gas temperature that produced by the thermal radiation from the center.Thereby, can reduce the ignition lag of peripheral spark gap 13, flame on wall surface, be cooled and the possibility extinguished very little, and can improve the velocity of propagation of flame from the periphery.
Should be noted that in the present embodiment, arrange six peripheral spark gaps 13,, if desired, can increase or reduce this quantity to obtain best combustion regime when the quantity of peripheral spark gap 13 is not limited to six around the open part of cylinder 5.
In addition, conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode are fixing by head gasket 15 to 12 base portion, but these parts can be fixed on the separator of being made by insulating material, and by this separator can be fixed between cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 4 from the parts that are clipped in described pad up and down and obtain.Yet conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode are favourable by head gasket 15 fixing said structures for the compression ratio that improves motor 1 to 12 base portion.
In addition, motor 1 can be direct injection engine rather than premixing motor.When fuel is in aspirating stroke is sprayed into firing chamber 2, fuel and the air mixing that imports in the firing chamber 2, and when piston 6 arrives top dead center, can in firing chamber 2, form uniform air-fuel mixture.
Second mode of execution
In order further to improve the output and the fuel efficiency of above-mentioned multi-spot combustion engine 1, can improve the compression ratio of motor 1 by the thickness that reduces head gasket 15.When compression ratio raise, the thermal efficiency improved, and caused output and fuel efficiency to improve.Yet when the thickness of head gasket 15 reduced, the distance between the parts such as peripheral spark gap 13 and cylinder head 3 reduced, and the possibility that causes leaking increases.Especially be set to 6mm or more hour leak through the thickness of the head gasket 15 of being everlasting.When this situation occurs in the electric capacity increase of spark coil equally.
In second mode of execution, shown in Fig. 7 and 8, by respectively with cylinder head 3 on form leakproof recessed 23,24 to suppress from peripheral spark gap 13 to cylinder head 3 and the leakage of the end face of piston 6 on the corresponding position of circumferential locations of peripheral spark gap 13 and piston 6 end faces.Every other structure is identical with first mode of execution.
As shown in Figures 9 and 10, leakproof recessed 23,24 can be formed and make the length W that makes progress in cylinder 5 footpaths less than the length L that makes progress in week, and makes depth D constantly shoal to the center of cylinder 5.Utilize this shape, the flame that is produced by peripheral spark gap 13 can be directed to the center of firing chamber 2, and when the center of firing chamber 2 was arrived in flame propagation, they can be directed to the top of firing chamber 2, can realize thus burning faster.
Should be noted that leakproof is recessed is formed on cylinder head 3 and piston 6 end faces, but when only having one to have leak possible in cylinder head 3 and piston 6 end faces, on recessed of can only be formed in them of leakproof.
The 3rd mode of execution
In order to suppress to leak in cylinder head 3 parts such as grade from peripheral spark gap 13, the difference of the 3rd mode of execution and first mode of execution is that peripheral electrode is to 12 structure.Other all structures are all identical with first mode of execution.
Figure 11 represents according to the peripheral electrode of the 3rd mode of execution 12 structure.Peripheral electrode does not have curved section to form and the centre that 12 parts that are exposed to 2 inside, firing chamber have linear bar.In addition, by make constitute peripheral electrode to the top end surface of one of 12 electrode (ground electrode 12b) in the face of the side, top (tip end-side sideface) of another electrode (conductive electrode 12a) and between them, have the gap and form peripheral spark gap 13.The angle that expose portion by electrode 12a, 12b forms is essentially 90 °.
Utilize this structure and since in peripheral electrode to 12 centre without any curved section, therefore reduced the possibility of 12 mid point being leaked, and can suppress from of the leakage of peripheral spark gap 13 to parts such as cylinder head 3 from peripheral electrode.
In addition, utilize this structure, even under the situation that peripheral electrode reduces 12 thickness, also can improve heat resistance.Simultaneously, though peripheral electrode to the situation of 12 top wearing and tearing under the interval of peripheral spark gap 13 can significantly not broaden yet, and therefore can prolong peripheral electrode to life-span of 12.
Should be noted that at this top end surface by making ground electrode 12b to form peripheral spark gap 13, but top end surface that can be by making conductive electrode 12a forms peripheral spark gap 13 in the face of the side, top of ground electrode 12b in the face of the side, top of conductive electrode 12a.
The 4th mode of execution
Similar with the 3rd mode of execution, the 4th mode of execution and the first mode of execution difference are peripheral electrode to 12 structure, and purpose is to suppress from the leakage of peripheral spark gap 13 to cylinder 3 parts such as grade.Other all structures are all identical with first mode of execution.
Figure 12 represents according to the peripheral electrode of the 4th mode of execution 12 structure.All peripheral electrode are to the 12 S shapes that all are slight bending.By make constitute peripheral electrode to the top end surface of 12 ground electrode 12b in the face of the top end surface of conductive electrode 12a and between them, have the gap and form peripheral spark gap 13.
Utilize this structure, can reduce from peripheral electrode 12 the mid point possibility to cylinder head 3 internal leakages such as parts such as grade, this is because in peripheral electrode there is not any rapid curved section in 12 centre.
The 5th mode of execution
Similar with the 3rd mode of execution, the difference of the 5th mode of execution and first mode of execution is peripheral electrode to 12 and the shape of head gasket 15, and purpose is to suppress from peripheral spark gap 13 leakages to parts such as cylinder head.Every other structure is all identical with first mode of execution.
As shown in figure 13, in the 5th mode of execution, head gasket 15 fixedly peripheral electrode extend into (in the open part of head gasket 15) in the firing chamber 2 to the part of 12 base portions.By make constitute peripheral electrode to the top end surface of 12 ground electrode 12b in the face of the top end surface of conductive electrode 12a, between them, have the gap and form peripheral spark gap 13 less than the radius of cylinder 5 through the radius of a circle of peripheral spark gap 13.
Utilize this structure, the distance of 3 parts such as grade increases from peripheral spark gap 13 to cylinder head, therefore can suppress from the leakage of peripheral spark gap 13 to cylinder head 3 parts such as grade.
The 6th mode of execution
Similar with the 3rd mode of execution, the difference of the 6th mode of execution and first mode of execution is peripheral electrode to 12 structure, and purpose is to suppress from peripheral spark gap 13 leakages to parts such as cylinder head.Simultaneously, the top dead center position of piston 6 is elevated on first mode of execution.Other all structures are all identical with first mode of execution.
Figure 14 represents according to the peripheral electrode of the 6th mode of execution 12 structure.Peripheral electrode is exposed in the open part of cylinder 5 12 top end surface, but does not stretch out therein, but concordant with the inner peripheral surface 27 of head gasket 15 upper shed parts 17.Between the top end surface that peripheral spark gap 13 is formed on conductive electrode 12a and the top end surface of ground electrode 12b, described two electrodes constitute peripheral electrode together to 12, and the radius of a circle that passes through peripheral spark gap 13 equals the radius of cylinder 5.
Utilize this structure, 12 the spark inner circumferential surface 27 along head gasket 15 upper shed parts 17 is flown over, produce surface discharge thus, and thereby can suppress from of the leakage of peripheral spark gap 13 to parts such as cylinder head 3 from peripheral electrode.In the test of implementing by the claimant, when having 0.4mm
2Platinum electrode imbed in the thick head gasket of 4mm with the interval of 0.4mm and leakage in parts such as cylinder head do not take place when carrying out discharge.
And piston 6 and peripheral electrode are not interfered mutually to 12, so the top dead center position of piston 6 can be set at the position higher than peripheral spark gap 13.Thereby, the compression ratio of motor 1 can be further improved, thereby the output and the fuel efficiency of motor 1 can be further improved.
Should be noted that and utilize this structure, when inside temperature dense when air-fuel mixture and cylinder 5 is very low (for example in the lost motion operation process when motor 1 is in low temperature), carbon can inner circumferential surface 27 attached to the open part 17 of head gasket 15 on, cause smouldering.Yet, carry out igniting by same employing center spark gap 10, can make the carbon burning of adhering to, therefore can suppress by the carbon that adheres to cause from the leakage of peripheral spark gap 13 in cylinder head 3 parts such as grade.
The 7th mode of execution
Similar with the 3rd mode of execution, the difference of the 7th mode of execution and first mode of execution is peripheral electrode to 12 structure, and purpose is to suppress from the leakage of peripheral spark gap 13 in cylinder head 3 parts such as grade.Simultaneously, the top dead center position of piston 6 is elevated on first mode of execution.Other all structures are all identical with first mode of execution.
Figure 15 represents according to the peripheral electrode of the 7th mode of execution 12 structure.Groove part 29 is respectively formed on the inner circumferential surface 27 with the open part 17 of head gasket 15 on the peripheral spark gap 13 corresponding circumferential positions, and peripheral electrode is exposed to respectively in the groove part 29 12 top.Constitute peripheral electrode the top end surface of 12 ground electrode 12b is formed peripheral spark gap 13 in the face of the top end surface of conductive electrode 12a, the radius that has the gap and make radius of a circle through peripheral spark gap 13 be substantially equal to cylinder 5 between them by making.
As shown in figure 16, be connected peripheral electrode and the conducting element on 12 bottoms 18 be contained in the groove 30 that forms on the inner circumferential surface 27 of open part 17 of head gasket 15 and and fix, and expose on inner circumferential surface 27 described conducting element side by this groove.Shown in Figure 17 and 18, with similar at preceding described mode of execution, conducting element 18 can be embedded in the head gasket 15.
As shown in figure 19, groove part 29 deepest part that is formed from its center at head gasket 15 thickness directions (corresponding to the position of stretching out with peripheral electrode) constantly shoals to the top and bottom of head gasket 15.Alternatively, for the ease of processing, groove part 29 can be formed on head gasket 15 thickness directions, as shown in figure 20 with the even degree of depth.
In addition, as shown in figure 21, groove part 29 can form hemisphere on the circumferential locations of corresponding peripheral spark gap 13.Therefore utilize this structure, the capacity of groove part 29 can be reduced to minimum, can suppress the intensity and the bubble-tight reduction of the head gasket 15 that causes by forming of groove part.
Like this, in the 7th mode of execution, groove part 29 is formed on the rear surface of peripheral spark gap 13, makes peripheral spark gap 13 be exposed in the combustion gas, and therefore can prevent that blocking is attached on the peripheral spark gap 13.Thereby, can further suppress by carbon attached on the peripheral spark gap 13 and the leakage that causes.
The 8th mode of execution
In the 8th mode of execution, peripheral spark gap 13 is divided into a plurality of groups, and the peripheral spark gap 13 in every group is electrically connected by conducting element 18, and spark coil 31 links to each other with an end of each peripheral spark gap in the group that peripheral spark gap 13 is connected in series.
In example shown in Figure 22, peripheral spark gap 13 is divided into two groups, and spark coil links to each other with peripheral terminal 20 in every group.Utilize this structure, can reduce the required energy of a single point fire coil, and can reduce the voltage on the peripheral spark gap 13 that is applied to the most close spark coil.Therefore, can suppress to leak.
Should be noted that at this two independently spark coils 31 are set, but as an alternative, as shown in figure 23 double end spark coil 32 can be set, and two groups of peripheral spark gaps 13 can link to each other.
Simultaneously, peripheral spark gap 13 is divided into two groups at this, but when a plurality of peripheral spark gap 13 was set, they can be divided into three groups or more group.
The 9th mode of execution
Figure 24 represents the 9th mode of execution.The difference of the 9th mode of execution and first mode of execution is that conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode are embedded into head gasket 15 12 base portion and separates in the some fire ring 33 that constitutes, and some fire ring 33 is contained in the shallow counterbore part 34, and this counterbore part 34 is arranged in the upper surface of the lower surface of cylinder head 3 and cylinder block 4 at least one and goes up and the corresponding position of open part of cylinder 5.Therefore, arrange a plurality of spark gaps 13 around the open part of cylinder 5.
In this example, counterbore part 34 is formed on the lower surface of cylinder head 3, and the degree of depth of counterbore part 34 is set so that the lower surface of the lower surface of a fire ring 33 and cylinder head 3 is contour.Cylinder head 3 and cylinder block 4 link to each other with some fire ring 33 in being contained in counterbore part 34, and have the identical head gasket 35 of head gasket now with motor and be clipped between cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 4.
The point fire ring of making by insulating silicon based pottery or similar material 33 fixedly conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode to 12 base portion and under this state, lighted a fire.Similar with the head gasket 15 in preceding mode of execution, can form a fire ring 33 by conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode are fixed between two ring-type elements being made by insulating material and adopt incombustible heat-resistant adhesive to be bonded together by two ring-type elements that insulating material is made subsequently 12 base portion.
The thickness of some fire ring 33 is identical with the thickness of the head gasket 15 in preceding mode of execution, and its value is set to and can fixes required insulation resistance between parts such as peripheral spark gap 13 and cylinder head 3.
By wherein embedding conducting element 18 and peripheral electrode being set by this way to 12 base portion and the insulation component (some fire ring 33) that separates with head gasket 35, conventional head gasket can just be used as head gasket 35 under the situation of not doing to change.And the required quality of insulation component for example serviceability, intensity, insulating property or the like can be adjusted to and has more high-precision optimum value.
Simultaneously in the 9th mode of execution, as shown in figure 25, the power that extends to cylinder 5 upsides in the axial direction receives on the upper surface that pin 36 is formed on the conducting element 18 of locating farthest towards the leading end side, to reach the upside of cylinder 5 in the axial direction from the upper surface of a fire ring 33.The position that the periphery of power reception pin 36 presses except conductive pin 38 described below, all the other make and can not leak between power reception pin 36 and cylinder head 3 all by insulating material 39 cappings.As shown in figure 24, pin receiving bore 40 is formed on the lower surface of cylinder head 3, and when cylinder head 3 linked to each other with cylinder block 4, power received pin 36 and is assemblied in the pin receiving bore 40.
In addition, pin receiving bore 40 is formed on the cylinder head 3 with the through hole 41 that cylinder head 3 outer surfaces link to each other, and by through hole 41, conductive pin 38 is received on the pin 36 by spring 42 bias voltages to be pressed against power.Insulating material 43 is filled between the inwall of conductive pin 38 and through hole 41, can not leak between conductive pin 38 and cylinder head 3 guaranteeing.By spring 42 is inserted on the conductive path, can be by the elongation of spring 42 and the dimensional changes of shrinking the structure member that absorbs the motor 1 that causes by thermal expansion.
At this, power receives pin 36 and extends to the axial upside of cylinder from a fire ring 33, receives the pin receiving bore 40 of pin 36 and holds and receive pin 36 to power and carry the through hole 41 of the conductive pin 38 of voltages to be formed on the cylinder head 3 and hold power.Yet power receives the axial downside that pin 36 can extend to cylinder 5, and pin receiving bore 40 and through hole 41 can be formed on the cylinder block 4.
More than described embodiments of the present invention, but these mode of executions can obtain implementing by appropriate combination.
Claims (23)
1. a multi-spot combustion engine (1) comprising:
Cylinder head (3) has the firing chamber (2) that is formed on its lower surface;
Cylinder block (4), have with firing chamber (2) relative position on cylinder (5);
Be contained in the piston (6) in the cylinder (5);
Centre electrode is to (9), and the center that it is arranged in firing chamber (2) is used to form center spark gap (10);
Be fixed on a plurality of peripheral electrode on the insulation component to (12), described insulation component with the corresponding position of open part of cylinder (5) on have and the open part of cylinder (5) open part of equal diameters basically, be used for forming a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13) around the inner circumference of the open part of cylinder (5)
Be embedded in the conducting element (18) in the described insulation component, described conducting element (18) is connected to described a plurality of peripheral electrode to (12),
Wherein, utilize the air-fuel mixture in center spark gap (10) and a plurality of peripheral spark gap (13) the ignition combustion chamber (2), described air-fuel mixture by with fuel and even air mix and obtain,
Described a plurality of peripheral electrode is formed by different materials with described conducting element (18) (12);
Regulate by in the length, thickness, width and the material that change conducting element (18) at least one and to comprise the calorific value of a plurality of peripheral electrode the ignition mechanism of (12).
2. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, multi-spot combustion engine (1) is the premixing motor, it produces uniform air-fuel mixture by the fuel and the air mixing that will be ejected in the suction port, and this air-fuel mixture is imported in the firing chamber (2).
3. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, multi-spot combustion engine (1) is a direct injection engine, and it produces uniform air-fuel mixture in firing chamber (2) by in the aspirating stroke process fuel being sprayed in the firing chamber (2).
4. as any described multi-spot combustion engine (1) among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, apply constantly and relevant voltage is provided with phase difference between applying constantly with center spark gap (10) at the voltage relevant with a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13).
5. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 4 (1) is characterized in that, the voltage relevant with a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13) applies and constantly is later than the voltage relevant with center spark gap (10) and applies constantly.
6. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, circumferentially arranges a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13) around the inner circumference of the open part of cylinder (5) at interval to wait.
7. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, all a plurality of peripheral electrode in series are electrically connected by described conducting element (18) (12); And
Voltage bringing device is set, is used for voltage is applied to a plurality of peripheral electrode of being connected in series end to (12).
8. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that a plurality of peripheral electrode are divided into a plurality of groups to (12),
A plurality of peripheral electrode in each group in series are electrically connected by described conducting element (18) (12), and
Voltage bringing device (31,32) is set, is used for voltage is applied to the end of each a plurality of peripheral electrode of being connected in series of group to (12).
9. as claim 7 or 8 described multi-spot combustion engines (1), it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The power receiving element (36) that one end of (12) is electrically connected with a plurality of peripheral electrode that are connected in series; And
Be inserted in the interior rod-like elements (36) with contact power receiving element (36) of through hole (41), through hole (41) extends to power receiving element (36) from the outer surface of cylinder head (3) or cylinder block (4);
Wherein, voltage bringing device is carried voltage to a plurality of peripheral electrode to (12) from voltage bringing device by rod-like elements (36).
10. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, described insulation component is the head gasket (15) that is clipped between cylinder head (3) and the cylinder block (4).
11. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, the corresponding position of open part with cylinder (5) at least one in cylinder head (3) and cylinder block (4) is formed with the counterbore part, and
Insulation component is the ring-type element (33) that is contained in the counterbore part.
12., it is characterized in that as claim 10 or 11 described multi-spot combustion engines (1), form insulation component by bonding together by two plates that insulating material is made, and
A plurality of peripheral electrode are held the base portion of each in (12) and are fixed in the groove at least one that is formed in two plates.
13. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, equals the radius of the open part of cylinder (5) through the radius of a circle of a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13).
14. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 13 (1) is characterized in that, the top dead center position of piston (6) is set at than the higher position of peripheral spark gap (13).
15., it is characterized in that peripheral electrode is concordant with the inner circumferential surface of the open part of insulation component to (12) top end surface as claim 13 or 14 described multi-spot combustion engines (1).
16. as claim 13 or 14 described multi-spot combustion engines (1), it is characterized in that, groove part (29) is formed on the inner circumferential surface of open part of insulation component respectively the position in the face of a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13), and a plurality of peripheral spark gap (13) is exposed to respectively in the corresponding groove part (29).
17. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, and is littler than the radius of cylinder (5) through the radius of a circle of a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13).
18. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 17 (1) is characterized in that, the part that a plurality of peripheral electrode stretch in the firing chamber (2) at least to (12) has the linear bar form, and
Form a plurality of spark gaps (13) by making the described peripheral electrode of formation face the side of another electrode and between them, have the gap to the end surface of an electrode of (12).
19. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 17 (1) is characterized in that, described a plurality of peripheral electrode are made of S shape electrode (12), and
By being faced mutually to the electrode tip of (12), the formation peripheral electrode forms peripheral spark gap (13).
20. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 17 (1) is characterized in that, the fixing described a plurality of peripheral electrode of insulation component stretch into the inboard of firing chamber (2) to the part of (12).
21. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, leakproof recessed (24) is formed on piston (6) end face the corresponding position of each circumferential position with a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13).
22. multi-spot combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, leakproof recessed (23) is formed on cylinder head (3) and goes up and the corresponding position of each circumferential position of a plurality of peripheral spark gaps (13).
23., it is characterized in that leakproof recessed (23,24) is bigger than the length that it made progress in cylinder (5) week in the length that cylinder (5) footpath makes progress as claim 21 or 22 described multi-spot combustion engines (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006060884 | 2006-03-07 | ||
| JP2006-060884 | 2006-03-07 | ||
| JP2006060884 | 2006-03-07 | ||
| JP2006-312431 | 2006-11-20 | ||
| JP2006312431A JP3984636B1 (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-11-20 | Multi-point ignition engine |
| JP2006312431 | 2006-11-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200710153278 Division CN101212127B (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-12-28 | Method for adjusting thermal value of ignition device of multipoint ignition engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101033725A CN101033725A (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| CN101033725B true CN101033725B (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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| CN 200710153278 Active CN101212127B (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-12-28 | Method for adjusting thermal value of ignition device of multipoint ignition engine |
| CN 200610170434 Active CN101033725B (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-12-28 | Multipoint ignition engine |
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| CN 200710153278 Active CN101212127B (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-12-28 | Method for adjusting thermal value of ignition device of multipoint ignition engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102007051249A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for controlling a multiple spark operation of an internal combustion engine and associated method |
| CN102762846B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2016-05-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Internal-combustion engine ignition control system |
| US8217560B2 (en) * | 2010-09-04 | 2012-07-10 | Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh | Corona ignition device and method for its manufacture |
| US10054100B2 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2018-08-21 | Miyama, Inc. | Multipoint spark plug and multipoint ignition engine |
| US9742160B1 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2017-08-22 | Miyama, Inc. | Multipoint spark plug and multipoint spark plug manufacturing method |
| JP6179914B1 (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-08-16 | ミヤマ株式会社 | Multipoint ignition device and multipoint ignition engine |
| JP6156767B1 (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-07-05 | ミヤマ株式会社 | Multipoint ignition device and multipoint ignition engine |
| CN114718777B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-07-11 | 上海夏雪科技有限公司 | Internal combustion engine |
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| US4470392A (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1984-09-11 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Multi-gap spark ignition device for engine |
| CN1129767A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-28 | 隋显刚 | Large intaking air IC engine with multiple holes and initiating points |
| US6161520A (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2000-12-19 | The Gasket King | Multiple spark ignition gasket |
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| Title |
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| JP平1-193080A 1989.08.03 |
| JP平2-123281A 1990.05.10 |
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| CN101212127A (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| CN101033725A (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| CN101212127B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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