CN101029968A - Optical perspective helmet display device of addressing light-ray shielding mechanism - Google Patents
Optical perspective helmet display device of addressing light-ray shielding mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A new type of optical perspective helmet display is prepared as leading in addressable light shielding mechanism and using grey scale liquid crystal as addressable optical filter as well as embedding in intelligent light modulation mechanism for realizing merged-display of virtual object and real environmental image.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to augmented reality display technique field, be applicable to the research that the actual situation object merges in the augmented reality system.
Background technology
Actual situation in the augmented reality is to realize the key issue of augmented reality in conjunction with problem.The fundamental difference of augmented reality technology and virtual reality technology just is that virtual environment and user's actual environment on every side that computing machine generates coexist, and the user be sure of that from sensory effects virtual environment is the ingredient of its surrounding environment.The augmented reality technology is that virtual environment and user's actual environment on every side that computing machine will be generated combine together, makes the user be sure of that from sensory effects virtual environment is the ingredient of its surrounding environment.Therefore, in augmented reality system, the target of the mixed display of dummy object and real scene is to realize the seamless amalgamation of scene in conjunction with true and virtual world.
The main mixed display of using perspective helmet display device to realize dummy object and true environment in the augmented reality system.In augmented reality system, the user who wears perspective helmet display device both can see outside true environment, can see the virtual scene that computing machine generates again.Perspective helmet display device is the important display device with virtual scene and true environment fusion, is the key equipment in the AR system.Based on the optical perspective helmet display device of optical principle then is the fusion that realizes true environment and virtual information to external world by a pair of semi-transparent semi-reflecting optics compositor that is installed at the moment, with reference to Fig. 3.Real scene directly sees through half-reflecting half mirror and presents to the user, and the virtual scene that amplifies through optical system enters eyes through the half-reflection and half-transmission mirror reflection, and the fusion of real scene and virtual scene realizes by the optics compositor.Compare advantages such as that optical perspective helmet display device has is simple in structure, low price, no vision deviation and safety with video perspective formula Helmet Mounted Display.But two major defects that optical perspective helmet display device exists have influenced the warm demonstration of dummy object and true environment:
(1) the hiding relation problem of dummy object and true environment.
Hiding relation is the strong sign of depth information, and the scene of blocking true to nature is to make the pith of compellent augmented reality environment.True and dummy object blocks mutually and has strengthened the sensation that user's dummy object is present in real world truly.In traditional optical perspective helmet display device, the warm of real scene and virtual image is at semi-transparent semi-reflecting optical combiner.System is the transmittance of combiner only just to the controllable part of real scene, be difficult to realize virtual image blocking to real scene, dummy object looks it is empty or translucent, will reduce the sense of reality of dummy object so greatly, even the user is obscured scene, and can not reach the application purpose of augmented reality system.
(2) the matching properties problem of dummy object and true environment light intensity.
The variation range span of nature intensity of illumination is big, and the variation range of display light intensity can't be equal to it.Therefore optical perspective helmet display device exists true and virtual scene light intensity to be difficult to reach the shortcoming of optimum matching.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that present optical perspective helmet display device exists, the present invention has developed a kind of novel addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display system.
Main contents of the present invention are: the present invention is by addressable gray scale LCD panel, and virtual image shows liquid crystal, the inversion prism system, and magnification is 1 telescopic system, photometric system, intelligent light intensity regulating system, PC is formed.
In the true environment display channel of this display, introduce a magnification and be 1 telescopic system, the uncertain external environment condition of the degree of depth is imaged on the dividing plane of telescopic system by object lens earlier, entered human eye by eyepiece again.
The addressing light-ray shroud module is positioned on the dividing plane of telescopic system, realize the be blocked shielding of part of true environment, and with the light intensity coupling of virtual image display channel.
Photometric system detects the intensity of illumination situation of external environment in real time, according to the integral light-transmitting rate of intensity of illumination situation regulating and controlling LCD panel LCD, regulates the true environment light intensity that enters Helmet Mounted Display
Addressing light-ray shroud module and photometric system constitute intelligent light intensity regulating mechanism, make system realize the automatic Light regulatory function, reach the light intensity coupling of dummy object and real-world object.
Principle of the present invention is:
Traditional optical perspective helmet display device does not possess and correctly presents the ability of blocking mutually, before adding that image in the true environment is always translucent to and floating over real scene.In order to address this problem, the scheme that we take is to embed light-ray shielding mechanism in Helmet Mounted Display.Between the scenery of traditional optical perspective formula display system and outside, lay a LCD panel as addressable optical filter, its objective is any light that shields selectively from the outside.
Eyes focus on different problems when solving the eye-observation LCD panel with extraneous scenery, and also introducing one in the system, to have magnification be 1 telescope.According to this scheme, the observer can focus on outside scenery and the pattern on the LCD plate simultaneously, realizes the warm demonstration of dummy object and true environment image.
In order to solve true and virtual image this problem that do not match on light intensity, need in Helmet Mounted Display, embed intelligent light intensity regulating mechanism, can automatically the true environment light intensity that enters Helmet Mounted Display be regulated according to the light conditions of extraneous true environment.Introduce photometric system, the intensity of illumination situation of environment detects in real time to external world, and according to the integral light-transmitting rate of intensity of illumination situation regulating and controlling LCD panel, thereby the light intensity that realizes true environment and virtual image is mated.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the addressing light-ray shielding mechanism of introducing can carry out automatic light measuring and intelligent light intensity regulating; Can realize the brightness coupling of actual situation object and block mutually; Two not confocal problems of optical channel of traditional optical perspective helmet display device have been solved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display system basic scheme synoptic diagram, wherein: 1-addressable gray scale LCD panel, the 2-virtual image shows liquid crystal, 3-inversion prism system, the 4-magnification is 1 telescopic system, 5-photometric system, 6-true environment, 7-intelligence light intensity regulating system, the 8-PC machine;
Fig. 2-addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display system optical design configurations figure, wherein: 9-double mirror, 10-catoptron 1,11-catoptron 2,12-optical combiner 1,13-optical combiner 2,14-catoptron 3,15-object lens, 16-eyepiece;
Fig. 3-optical perspective helmet display device principle,
Wherein: 17-optical combiner, 18-relay lens group;
LCD transmittance curve that Fig. 4-experiment records and matched curve figure;
Fig. 5-actual situation is blocked experimental result picture.
Embodiment:
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The present invention is by addressable gray scale LCD panel 1, and virtual image shows liquid crystal 2, inversion prism system 3, and magnification is 1 telescopic system 4, photometric system 5, intelligent light intensity regulating system 6, PC 7 is formed, as shown in Figure 1.
Light path among the present invention is made up of true environment display channel and two light paths of virtual image display channel, as shown in Figure 2.The optical design of true environment display channel comprises that the design of inversion prism group and magnification are the design of 1 telescopic system.The structure of Fig. 3 is said so feasible from principle, still, if according to such structural design, this system can be a very long lens barrel.Like this, the viewpoint of eye-observation true environment has a bigger axial dipole field.Because the axial dimension of system can be bigger, bring big difficulty also can for the one-piece construction balanced design of the helmet.Therefore we utilize reflecting system, have simplified the inverted image system, have only just realized the design of inverted image and telescopic system simultaneously with two lens combination.The shared same eyepiece system of virtual environment display channel and true environment display channel is simultaneously because 1 and 2 position conjugate makes true environment and dummy object image on the same focal plane.
True environment light arrives catoptron 2 and is reflected onto telescopic system object lens 15 through double mirror 1 reflection back, through mirror 3 reflections that are reflected of the light of object lens, and by addressable LCD 1, arrival semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 12.This mirror makes a part of light transmission enter photometric system, and another part reflexes to optical combiner (semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens) 13.Light through 13 is reflected by double mirror 1 once more by the eyepiece 16 of telescopic system, finally enters human eye.On the other hand, the light of virtual image reflects into into optics combiner 13 from the mirror 14 that is reflected after LCD 2 is sent, and arrives double mirrors 1 with true environment light through eyepiece 16 after the transmission, enters human eye.
Intelligent light intensity regulating mechanism among the present invention is made of LCD panel and photometric system.Liquid crystal board is positioned on the image planes, can not cause fuzzy to imaging.Light in the external environment is modulated by liquid crystal, and on optical combiner, a part of light reflection enters human eye, and a part of transmission enters photometric system.Photometric system detects the intensity of illumination situation of external environment in real time, integral light-transmitting rate according to intensity of illumination situation regulating and controlling LCD panel LCD, the true environment light intensity that enters Helmet Mounted Display is regulated, thereby the light intensity that realizes true environment and virtual image is mated.Among the present invention, intelligence light intensity regulating mechanism uses the video camera of USB interface as photometric system, the true environment image that enters human eye is analyzed, regulate the transmitance of liquid crystal board according to brightness of image, mate until light intensity, concrete principle is as follows: since the display mechanism of liquid crystal, variable light valve or the optical filter of the similar transmitance of each picture element of LCD display.The transmitance of LCD pixel can change along with the change that outputs to the LCD epigraph.Gray-scale value between each pixel of piece image is often different, and this just makes the transmitance difference of LCD on the relevant position.We output to the gray-scale value of LCD epigraph by change according to this characteristic, and the transmitance of regulating LCD plays the purpose that the light intensity that enters human eye is to external world regulated.
The scheme that we adopt to the automatic photometric system device is: CCD or the CMOS camera of placing USB interface on the transmission direction of the semi-transparent semi-reflecting optical combiner 12 of Fig. 2.After the light of the true environment that comes from the outside was modulated by the addressable shroud module, a part entered human eye through the optical combiner reflection by eyepiece, and a part then sees through optical combiner, enters camera.The external environment light intensity that enters camera is proportional with the light intensity that enters human eye.Under the known prerequisite of the reflection and transmission ratio of optical combiner, can extrapolate the light intensity that enters human eye according to the brightness situation of image that camera is taken the photograph.The image that camera photographs is imported computing machine by USB interface.Brightness of image is analyzed, regulated the whole transmitance of addressable shroud module according to the brightness and the distribution situation thereof of image, thereby reach the purpose of light intensity coupling.
Through actual transmitance determination experiment, the function curve polynomial expression that simulates between liquid crystal output gray level and the transmitance is
Y＝-1.2397×10
-7x
3+5.2789×10
-5x
2-2.6676×10
-3x+0.31637
The matched curve that experiment obtains is level and smooth (Fig. 4) comparatively, can well reflect transmitance with output to gray-scale value on the liquid crystal increase progressively and the relation that increases progressively, can be used as the self-regulating foundation of system's light intensity, regulate automatically, reach the light intensity coupling according to the actual environment luminance brightness.
The implementation process of blocking mutually at the actual situation object: the front and back position relation of at first calculating real-world object and dummy object according to depth information, if actual object blocks dummy object, the pixel of the part that can easily dummy object on the LCD 1 be blocked is changed to black, with the shielding virtual image part that is blocked, other parts are normally played up, and final synthetic image is the vivid effect that actual object blocks dummy object.Otherwise if dummy object is preceding, actual object need be blocked, and just need realize by the transmitance of control LCD 1.On the LCD 1 of addressable control, we with actual object be blocked the part the pixel transmitance suitably turn down, be not blocked the part transmitance constant, LCD is equivalent to a shielding mechanism, make the real scene image and the virtual image of conductively-closed synthetic, reach good empty retaining actual effect fruit.
In the experiment, we adopt green tape measure as actual object, and pyrometric cone is as dummy object.The part transmitance of corresponding dummy object on the LCD 1 is turned down, and the true picture by LCD 1 is shown in Fig. 5-1, and final actual situation fusion results figure is shown in Fig. 5-2, and tape measure is blocked by virtual pyrometric cone.
Claims (5)
1. addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display device, it is characterized in that it shows that by addressable gray scale LCD panel, virtual image liquid crystal, inversion prism system, magnification are that 1 telescopic system, photometric system, intelligent light intensity regulating system, PC are formed.
2. a kind of addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the true environment display channel of this display, introduced a magnification and be 1 telescopic system, the uncertain external environment condition of the degree of depth is imaged on the dividing plane of telescopic system by object lens earlier, enters human eye by eyepiece again.
3. a kind of addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the addressing light-ray shroud module is positioned on the dividing plane of telescopic system, realization is to the be blocked shielding of part of true environment, and with the light intensity of virtual image display channel coupling.
4. a kind of addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: photometric system detects the intensity of illumination situation of external environment in real time, according to the integral light-transmitting rate of intensity of illumination situation regulating and controlling LCD panel LCD, regulate the true environment light intensity that enters Helmet Mounted Display.
5. a kind of addressing light-ray shielding mechanism optical perspective helmet display device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: addressing light-ray shroud module and photometric system constitute intelligent light intensity regulating mechanism, make system realize the automatic Light regulatory function, reach the light intensity coupling of dummy object and real-world object.
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