CN101026345A - Solar lighting system controller - Google Patents

Abstract

The controller of system for lighting solar energy includes a micro controller, push button keys connected to the micro controller, real time clock, PC and GPS device, and electrical source. The output control signal of the micro controller is connected to a miniature motor of driving photocell plate, and lighting device. Through a precision potentiometer and an A/D converter, feedback signal outputted from the miniature motor is connected to micro controller so as to constitute a feedback loop. Through a power supply control module, and the A/D converter, the power supply including a photocell and a button cell is connected to the micro controller. Through a DC-DC converter, one output end of the micro controller is connected to the input end of the power supply control module. Features are: very low power consumption of the controller, and implementing lighting in maximum extent even in cloudy sky, and condition of not ideal natural lighting.

Description

Solar lighting system controller

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of solar lighting system controller.

Background technology

The form of utilizing of solar energy most worthy is to be directly used in illumination, and the energy conversion of one of percentage hundred is compared with traditional light, and solar lighting system has plurality of advantages, its main three as follows:

1, increases work efficiency.Utilizing daylight to carry out the indoor lighting illumination not only can be of value to environment, and people feel comfortable on psychology and physiology under natural light, and sufficient sunlight can be alleviated people's kopiopia and energy consumption, helps physical and mental health, improves visual performance.

2, has well energy-conservation economic benefit.According to China's interrelated data statistics, the ratio of the energy consumption consumption of office buildings thing is: air conditioning energy consumption accounts for about 40%, the illumination energy consumption accounts for about 30%, and common light consumed power is huge, wherein have 70% not convert luminous energy to but form by heat has consumed mutually, caused huge waste.By an investment construction solar energy light collecting control device, not only can directly obtain sufficient light, and can save considerable power consumption.

3, belong to the environmental protection illumination.Sunlight is healthy very beneficial to the people's, comprising in the light different wave length visible with sightless electromagnetic wave, and these light just our health must absorb.Through studies show that, through solar radiation can alleviate the people mood, bring high blood pressure down, respiratory rate, blood sugar concentration and take exercise after the secretion of lactic acid, simultaneously, it can improve people's muscle power, immunity, endurance, tolerance and the absorption and the ability of delivery oxygen.

Ultra-power saving solar energy light collecting control device has very wide application prospect, and 24 hours supermarkets, fitness center, grocery store, warehouse, restaurant, office, hospital, school, workshop or the like can use.A lot of application have abroad been arranged now.And China utilizes the research of daylight illumination and application to be scarcely out of swaddling-clothes, and does not still have similar products at present.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of complete solar lighting system controller, be used to control lighting equipment and follow the tracks of solar azimuth, to realize maximum daylighting without external power supply.Controller power is little, even run into the moon, rainy day, controller is operate as normal continuously still.

For achieving the above object, design of the present invention is as follows:

Drive part adopts FEEDBACK CONTROL, micromachine is when driving the rotation of lighting equipment and photovoltaic cell module, precision potentiometer also rotates synchronously, the voltage sample of potentiometer is after microprocessor is sent in the A/D conversion, microprocessor then according to the value of reading in control the rotation of motor, with the accurate tracking solar azimuth.

Designed two 1 farad in controller, the big electric capacity of withstand voltage 11V is with store electrical energy.Most of the time, photocell becomes electric energy with transform light energy, is stored in the big electric capacity.When motor rotates, then provide energy by big electric capacity.

System works is in two kinds of patterns: normal mode of operation and debugging mode.Under the normal mode of operation, system is in the extremely low power dissipation pattern most of the time, is guaranteeing to reduce power consumption under normal, the stable condition of work as far as possible.Debugging mode then is in order to obtain parameter to be set with PC or GPS device talk, to upload Debugging message, reaching refresh routine.Two kinds of mode of operations can be switched mutually.

According to above-mentioned inventive concept, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of solar lighting system controller, the button, real-time clock, PC and PGS equipment and the power supply that comprise a microcontroller, connection microcontroller, the output control signal that it is characterized in that described microcontroller is connected to a micromachine that drives photovoltaic electrodes and lighting equipment, described micromachine output feedback signal is through a precision potentiometer and an A/D converter, feedback is connected to microcontroller, constitutes feedback loop; Described power supply is that a photocell and a button cell are connected to microcontroller through an energy supply control module and described A/D converter, and an output of microcontroller connects the input of described energy supply control module through a DC-DC transducer.

Above-mentioned precision potentiometer is an angular transducer, with micromachine interlock, when micromachine rotates, drives angular transducer and rotates together, and the voltage A/D converter conversion of its output is laggard goes into microcontroller, realizes FEEDBACK CONTROL, the accurate tracking solar azimuth.

Two 1 farad, the big electric capacity of withstand voltage 11V are arranged with store electrical energy in the above-mentioned energy supply control module, the most of the time, photocell removes transform light energy and becomes motor, is stored in the big electric capacity, when micromachine rotates, provides electric energy by big electric capacity.

Above-mentioned microcontroller adopts the ATmega 32-16L microprocessor of the RISC framework of Atmel company release, and firmware design wherein becomes drives interrupts completely, and rigorous serial port communicating protocol has guaranteed the reliability of communication; Program in the firmware is divided into debugging mode and normal mode of operation; Accurate Calculation solar azimuth and sun set/raise time, the accuracy of assurance system works; Cooperate hardware to realize the extremely low power dissipation of system; Portability and robustness that serial communication software adopts the assurance program to use at each PC adopt rigorous communications protocol and overtime retransmission mechanism in addition, guarantee the reliability of communication process; Microcontroller software comprises two parts: the serial communication software in firmware among the ATmega 32L and the PC.Serial communication is used to be provided with parameter, and reading of data and Debugging message have adopted self-built serial communication foundation class, compile in the VC++6.0 environment; Microprocessor controls system works pattern is: whole system all is in resting state in the most of the time, and according to setting-up time interval waken system, drive motors rotates, and after finishing, changes resting state again over to; Control system adopts the solar panel power supply, and photocell becomes electric energy with solar energy converting, is stored in the system, for drive motors; After the sun sets, with the whole system dormancy, with the minimizing power consumption, during to second day The sun came up, just again with system wake-up.

The DC-DC controller chip MAX1771 of efficient, the low-power consumption that the model of above-mentioned DC-DC transducer is released for MAXIM company.

The low-power consumption real-time timepiece chip PCF8563 that the model of above-mentioned real-time clock is released for PHILIP company, it has regularly interrupt function, can be used to wake up the system under the resting state.

Above-mentioned precision potentiometer adopts the high accuracy of SANYO GS company, the miniature precision potentiometer TOCOS RYQ103Y of high linearity.

The present invention compared with prior art, have following conspicuous reality and go out substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage: system controller provided by the invention adopts the solar photocell power supply, the big electric capacity that also is provided with two 1 farad of 11V of anti-the formula in the microcontroller is that micromachine provides electric energy to contain electric energy, so power consumption is extremely low.The native system controller adopts feedback loop to realize FEEDBACK CONTROL, can realize photovoltaic cell module and lighting equipment accurate tracking solar azimuth.The pattern of microprocessor controls system works is: system's most of the time all is in resting state, and the time interval waken system work setting reenters resting state after work is finished; After the sun set, system hibernates was until second day The sun came up, and then the power consumption of system is extremely low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart for the extremely low power dissipation solar lighting system controller.

Fig. 2 is the microcontroller interface circuit theory diagrams.

Fig. 3 is button and potentiometer interface circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is a RS232 communication interface circuit theory.

Fig. 5 is a real-time clock module interface circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is a motor drive module interface circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is sampling, holding circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is the current source circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 9 is the energy supply control module circuit theory diagrams.

Figure 10 is DC-DC modular converter circuit theory diagrams.

Figure 11 is a main program flow chart.

Figure 12 is the keypress function process chart.

Figure 13 is upper PC end software interface.

Embodiment

A preferred embodiment of the present invention accompanying drawings is as follows: this solar lighting system controller comprises following hardware and software.

The hardware of solar lighting system controller

As shown in Figure 1, solar energy light collecting controller proposed by the invention mainly comprises microcontroller 3, button 2, energy supply control module 7, real-time clock 1, motor-drive circuit, A/D sample circuit.Microcontroller ATmega32L is the core of whole system, and it carries out communication by serial ports and PC 12 or GPS equipment 11, and the system of obtaining is provided with parameter and uploads Debugging message; Microcontroller 3 passes through I ²C bus and real-time clock 1 carry out alternately-are provided with and time for reading, and in addition, the interruption output line of real-time clock 1 is connected on external interrupt 1 pin of microcontroller 3, is used for waking up the microcontroller 3 that is in power-down mode; Microcontroller 3 drives micromachine 4 according to result of calculation, driving precision potentiometer 5 simultaneously rotates synchronously, magnitude of voltage on the potentiometer 5 (comprising angle magnitude of voltage and zero-point voltage value) is through the laggard A/D conversion passage of going into microcontroller 3 of sampling hold circuit, obtain numerical value, by such feedback loop, guaranteed the accuracy of Electric Machine Control just; Photocell 8 becomes electric energy with the transform light energy that collects, store in the big electric capacity in big two 1 farad the energy supply control module 7, voltage is connected in the input of DC-DC transducer 10 MAX1771 in the big electric capacity, be used to produce power supply VCC, the control end SHDN of MAX1771 also is connected on the microcontroller 3 in addition, is used to control the switch of VCC; 9 of button cells microcontroller 3 and the real-time clock 1 when being in power-down mode provides energy; The voltage of voltage and button cell 9 also enters the A/D ALT-CH alternate channel on the big electric capacity behind sampling hold circuit, is used to finish relevant control.

The hardware system of native system is characterised in that:

1, adopts the motor feedback control loop of microcontroller 3-precision potentiometer 5-A/D transducer 6-microcontroller 3, eliminated accumulated error, guaranteed the accuracy that motor rotates.

2, adopted the design of extremely low power dissipation: microcontroller comes power cutoff VCC by the SHDN pin of control MAX1771, and microcontroller 3 itself is set as power-down mode, at this moment the system consumption power consumption is extremely low, after spending 10 minutes, timing pin by real-time timepiece chip PCF8563 produces next " waking up " microcontroller 3 of interruption, recover VCC, finish micromachine 4 and rotate, enter the extremely low power dissipation pattern again after finishing.

3, system works is divided into normal mode of operation and debugging mode, and is connected in button KEY4 on the external interrupt 1 of microcontroller 3, finish normal mode of operation and call out to cutting of debugging mode.

4, with voltage on the big electric capacity and button cell 9 voltages all by being linked into the A/D ALT-CH alternate channel behind the sampling hold circuit, can take measures like this that electric energy is depleted on big electric capacity and the button cell 9 to avoid, thereby cause system works undesired.

To describe in detail to the system hardware each several part below.

＜one 〉. microcontroller ATmega32L interface circuit

ATmega32L is the high-performance that Atmel company is released, 8 single-chip microcomputers of low-power consumption, it has adopted advanced RISC framework, nearly 130 powerful instructions (most of clock cycle can finish) are arranged, 32 * 8 general purpose working registers, static fully running, the speed of service can reach 16MIPS under the crystal oscillator of 16MHz, the multiplier in 2 cycles on the sheet, its arithmetic speed are more than 10 times of present 8051 single-chip microcomputers of using always.The FLASH able to programme that the 32K byte is arranged in the ATmega32L, the EEPROM of the SRAM of 2K byte and 1K byte, this has satisfied the requirement of controller programming and stored parameter, and 8 tunnel 10 ADC is arranged in addition, and this provides convenience for the required A/D conversion of controller.Be the saving power consumption in the ATmega32L, six kinds of sleep patterns have been designed: idle pulley, the ADC noise pattern, battery saving mode, power-down mode, the standby pattern of standby pattern and expansion, particularly under power-down mode, Atmega32L is at 1MHZ, and the power consumption during 3V is less than 1uA, and this provides possibility for we realize the extremely low power dissipation design of controller.

Referring to Fig. 2, microcontroller 3 adopts the DLL (dynamic link library) of spi bus mode, can download easily, is provided with/reads data among the EEPROM.

Button KEY1, KEY2, KEY3, when being respectively applied for debugging mode, the just commentaries on classics of motor hand rotation, counter-rotating, and reset.

Key KEY4 links to each other with the external interrupt pin 1 (INT1) of microcontroller 3 in addition, is used for normal mode of operation is switched to debugging mode.

Real-time timepiece chip PCF8563 passes through I ²C bus and microcontroller 3 carry out communication, and the timing of PCF8563 interruption output pin is connected on the external interrupt pin (INT0) of microcontroller 3 in addition, can be used for CPU is waken up from power-down mode.

Referring to Fig. 4, level transferring chip MAX232 is used for the CMOS level conversion of microcontroller 3 is become the RS232 level, is mainly used in microcontroller 3 and carries out communication with upper PC 12 or GPS equipment 11.

Motor drive ic LT1638 is used to carry out the amplification of power, and microcontroller 3 goes to control the rotation of electrical micro-machine 4 by this chip.

Four ADC passages of microcontroller 3 are used for changing big capacitance voltage (CAP_VOL), precision potentiometer 5 voltages (ANGLE_VOL), precision potentiometer 5 zero-point voltages (ZERO_VOL), button cell 9 voltages (BAT_VOL) respectively.

DC-DC chip MAX1771 is used to produce digital power signal VCC, and its SHDN pin is used to control the shutoff of MAX1771 and open, and the SHDN pin is linked on the microcontroller 3, can realize the switch control to power supply VCC, to realize extremely low power dissipation.

＜two 〉, real-time clock PCF8563 interface circuit

PCF8563 is a low-power consumption of the release of PHILIP company, the real-time timepiece chip that band regularly interrupts output.Adopt I ²C bus protocol and other chip carry out communication.

Referring to Fig. 5, because the present invention is based on the basis of extremely low power dissipation, this requires power supply VCC to be turn-offed in the most of the time under the normal operation, and microcontroller 3 is set as the power-down mode of power saving, after having spent ten minutes, again microcontroller 3 is waken up.As shown in Figure 5, we interrupt output pin/INT with the timing of PCF8563 and are connected on the INT0 pin of microcontroller 3 and can realize above requirement.In addition, after the sun set, we also can turn-off power supply VCC, and putting microcontroller is power-down mode, behind second day The sun came up, microcontroller 3 were waken up again, and " alarm clock " of PCF8563 interrupts output function also can realize this requirement.

Real-time clock 1 chip system works all can not power down in free, otherwise will cause the systemic-function disorder.So having disposed button cell is real-time clock 1 chip power supply.PCF8563 is the chip of a low power dissipation design, can keep its operate as normal 3-5 with button cell 9.

＜three 〉, sampling hold circuit

System need read 4 road magnitudes of voltage: big capacitance voltage, precision potentiometer 5 voltages, precision potentiometer 5 zero-point voltages, button cell 9 voltages.Enter in the microcontroller 3 at this 4 road voltage and need sample before the ADC passage, keep.

Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, system has adopted 3 amplifier chip AD8542, and every AD8542 comprises the two-way amplifier.AD8542 is linked to be emitter follower with used every road amplifier, is used to finish the sampling of voltage, keeps.

Annotate: 1638 and the 1638_VOL port do not link on the ADC passage of microcontroller 3, but use when keeping for hardware debug.

＜four 〉, energy supply control module

The current source circuit principle is seen Fig. 8.

As shown in Figure 9, C15, C16 are 11V, and 1 farad electrochemical capacitor is used for storage of electrical energy.By photocell with the energy storing of solar energy converting in big electric capacity, motor action institute energy requirement is provided.

In the most of the time of system works, in order to save power consumption, VCC (+5V) be switched off, and MCU is configured to power-down mode, and at this moment, system's power supply (comprising the MCU that is under the power-down mode, real-time clock) all is to be provided by button cell.At this moment power consumption is extremely low, less than 20 μ A.

Sampled voltage on the big electric capacity enters microcontroller 3, carries out the A/D conversion.For guarding against continuously for a long time cloudy, the rainy day, photocell obtains energy shortage, and motor rotates and depletes big electric capacity institute accumulate energy.Judge so can power on to compress into to go according to big electric capacity before drive motors rotates: less than 6V, then motor does not change as voltage, during greater than 6V, just rotates.

As shown in figure 10, voltage is also delivered on the DC-DC conversion chip on two electric capacity, to be converted to VCC.The used DC-DC chip of native system adopts the Maxim1771ESA of U.S. Maxim company, it is a the few peripheral circuit of need, high performance DC-DC conversion chip, and tool turn-off function: when " SHDN " pin is drawn high, chip is stopped work, when " SHDN " pin is low, the chip operate as normal.So in most of the cases, chip is turn-offed to save power consumption, every ten minutes, chip is recovered operate as normal once, to provide system works required VCC.

Energy supply control module 7 is by system extremely low power dissipation requirement design, and the most of the time is turn-offed VCC when work, and MCU also is configured to power-down mode, system power dissipation extremely low (＜20 μ A) at this moment, and at this moment the photocell electric energy charges to two big electric capacity; Utilize the timing function of real-time clock, MCU is waken up (entering normal mode of operation) every ten minutes, VCC is opened, calculate solar azimuth, rotary electric machine, realize following the tracks of the function of solar azimuth; As the time of setting to the sun, then also VCC shutoff, MCU are set as power-down mode, woke up in the The sun came up at second day.The software design of this solar lighting system controller:

This daylighting controller software comprises two parts: the firmware among the ATmega32L and the bitcom of upper PC.

＜one 〉, daylighting controller firmware programming:

The daylighting controller firmware adopts ICC AVR to programme under windows XP operating system, and language mainly adopts the C language.The work of daylighting controller is divided into two kinds of patterns: debugging mode and normal mode of operation.

Program circuit in firmware is installed at the daylighting controller as shown in figure 11, is provided with, and during debugging, system is in debugging mode, and corresponding software module is corresponding to debugging mode flow chart among Figure 11.At first system carries out initialization: remove eeprom content, carry out the serial communication setting, relevant control register in the initialization microcontroller 3.Next carry out button 2, serial communication processing.KEY1 in the button 2～KEY3 manually controls just commentaries on classics, counter-rotating and the location of micromachine 4 respectively, as shown in figure 12.Need be when system installs by KEY1 and KEY2, rotary electric machine 4 over against positive north, is pressed photocell 8 and daylighting minute surface again KEY3 and is carried out the benchmark location.This position is the benchmark of motor rotational angle in the system works, and potentiometer 5 magnitudes of voltage of current location will be stored among the EEPROM.PC 12 or GPS equipment 11 carry out parameter setting by the RS232 communications protocol to microcontroller 3, and parameter comprises the date, the time, and the time difference, time type (local zone time or Green's prestige system time), local longitude, latitude, highly.The setting-up time type needs as the last item order to be set, because after setting up the time type, lighting system controller will change normal mode of operation automatically over to.

When lighting system controller was in normal mode of operation, lighting system controller was in extremely low power dissipation mode: VCC in the following most of the time of normal mode of operation and turn-offs, and microcontroller 3 is in power-down mode, and button cell 9 is kept the operate as normal of real-time real clock 1.Every ten minutes, utilize the timing interrupt function of real-time real clock that microcontroller 3 is waken up, open VCC, calculate current solar azimuth, rotate solar panel and daylighting minute surface, make them over against the place solar azimuth.If arrived the time that the sun sets, then the daylighting controller is set to the extremely low power dissipation mode, just it is waken up to second day The sun came up.Calculate The sun came up and the time of setting and be the noon of local zone time 12:00 finish, and will calculate the time of getting well and be stored among the EEPROM., rain cloudy in order to prevent continuously for a long time is in, photocell converting electrical energy deficiency, and rotary electric machine depletes and is stored in voltage on the big electric capacity continuously, during each rotary electric machine, all must check magnitude of voltage on the big electric capacity earlier, as voltage less than 6V, rotary electric machine not then.

When normal mode of operation, because microcontroller 3 all is to be in power-down mode in the most of the time, serial ports interruption at this moment is (the having only external interrupt can wake microcontroller up) that can not wake microcontroller 3 up.If desired (as read the magnitude of voltage of ADC passage by serial ports) debugged by system, under normal mode of operation, can not accomplish.For this reason, we have designed a switching key, and it is linked to each other with external interrupt 1, cooperate corresponding interrupt routine, can finish system is switched to debugging mode from normal mode of operation.

＜two 〉, the bitcom of upper PC:

Upper PC 12 end software interfaces as shown in figure 13.This software is mainly finished to little lighting system controller 3 parameter is set: local longitude, and latitude, highly, time, the time difference, time type (local zone time or Green's prestige system time); Read each ADC channel voltage value (using when supplying debugging); Read the current time; Whether the test serial communication is normal.

Upper bitcom is to write under the VC++6.0 environment, has adopted the bottom communication class of oneself writing, and has improved the portability and the robustness of this software like this.

The formula that firmware program among the microcontroller ATmega32L is related:

＜one 〉, the calculating of solar azimuth

sinh＝sinΦsinδ+cosΦcosδcost (1)

cosa＝(sinhsinΦ-sinδ)/coshcos?Φ (2)

δ＝23.45sin(0.98354n-80.1454) (3)

t＝15*(T-12)+L-stdL+e/4 (4)

e＝9.8sin(1.96708n-160.2908)-7.6cos(0.98354n-65.145356) (5)

In the listed formula, h: sun altitude; A: solar azimuth; L: longitude; Φ: latitude;

T: local zone time; StdL: local time zone ^*15; T: hour angle; δ: day declination; E: the equal time difference;

＜two 〉, sunrise Time Calculation

$t_m=N+\frac{6+L/15}{24}---\left(6\right)$

$z=90+\frac{50+2.12\sqrt{h}}{60}---\left(7\right)$

M＝0.9856t _m-3.289 (8)

λ＝M+1.916sin(M)+0.020sin(2M)+282.634 (9)

λ＝mod(λ，360) (10)

$a=\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}\frac{\mathrm{angle}(\cos \left(\mathrm{\λ}\right),0.91746\sin \left(\mathrm{\λ}\right))}{15}---\left(11\right)$

$\mathrm{\δ}=\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}a\sin \left(0.39782\sin \left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\right)---\left(12\right)$

$x=\frac{\cos \left(z\right)-\sin \left(\mathrm{\δ}\right).\sin \left(\mathrm{\Φ}\right)}{\cos \left(\mathrm{\δ}\right).\cos \left(\mathrm{\Φ}\right)}---\left(13\right)$

$H=\frac{360-\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}a\cos \left(x\right)}{15}---\left(14\right)$

T _m＝H+a-0.065710t _m-6.622 (15)

T _m＝mod(T _m，24) (16)

UT _m＝T _m+L/15 (17)

L: longitude; Φ: latitude; t _m: initial time; N: from January 1 to the same day the fate of process; Z: zenith distance from; H: this ground level; M: mean anomaly; λ: solar longitude; A: day right ascension; δ: day declination; H: hour angle; T _m: mean solar hour; UT _m: Green's prestige system time at sunrise between.

＜three 〉, sunset time calculates

$t_e=N+\frac{18L/15}{24}---\left(18\right)$

$z=90+\frac{50+2.12\sqrt{h}}{60}---\left(19\right)$

M＝0.9856t _e-3.289 (20)

λ＝M+1.916sin(M)+0.020sin(2M)+282.634 (21)

λ＝mod(λ，360) (22)

$a=\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}\frac{\mathrm{angle}(\cos \left(\mathrm{\λ}\right),0.91746\sin \left(\mathrm{\λ}\right))}{15}---\left(23\right)$

$\mathrm{\δ}=\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}a\sin \left(0.39782\sin \left(\mathrm{\λ}\right)\right)---\left(24\right)$

$x=\frac{\cos \left(z\right)-\sin \left(\mathrm{\δ}\right).\sin \left(\mathrm{\Φ}\right)}{\cos \left(\mathrm{\δ}\right).\cos \left(\mathrm{\Φ}\right)}---\left(25\right)$

$H=\frac{180.a\cos \left(x\right)}{15\mathrm{\π}}---\left(26\right)$

T _e＝H+a-0.065710t _e-6.622 (27)

T _e＝mod(T _e，24) (28)

UT _e＝T _e+L (29)

L: longitude; Φ: latitude; t _m: initial time; N: from January 1 to the same day the fate of process; Z: zenith distance from;

H: this ground level; M: mean anomaly; λ: solar longitude; A: day right ascension; δ: day declination; H: hour angle;

T _e: mean solar hour; UT _e: Green's prestige system time at sunrise between.

Claims (7)

1. solar lighting system controller, the button (2), real-time clock (1), PC (12) and PGS equipment and the power supply that comprise a microcontroller (3), connection microcontroller (3), the output control signal that it is characterized in that described microcontroller (3) is connected to a micromachine (4) that drives photoelectricity electroplax and lighting equipment, described micromachine (4) output feedback signal is through a precision potentiometer (5) and an A/D converter (6), feedback is connected to microcontroller (3), constitutes feedback loop; Described power supply is that a photocell (8) and a button cell (9) are connected to microcontroller (3) through an energy supply control module (7) and described A/D converter (6), and an output of microcontroller (3) connects the input of described energy supply control module (7) through a DC-DC transducer (10).

2. solar lighting system controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described precision potentiometer (5) is an angular transducer, link with micromachine (4), when micromachine (4) rotates, driving angular transducer rotates together, the conversion of the voltage A/D converter (6) of its output is laggard goes into microcontroller (3), realizes FEEDBACK CONTROL, the accurate tracking solar azimuth.

3. solar lighting system controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that there is two 1 farad in the described energy supply control module (7), the big electric capacity of withstand voltage 11V is with store electrical energy, most of the time, photocell removes transform light energy and becomes motor, be stored in the big electric capacity, when micromachine (4) rotates, provide electric energy by big electric capacity.

4. solar lighting system controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described microcontroller (3) adopts the ATmega 32-16L microprocessor of the RISC framework of Atmel company release, firmware design wherein becomes drives interrupts completely, and rigorous serial port communicating protocol has guaranteed the reliability of communication; Program in the firmware is divided into debugging mode and normal mode of operation; Accurate Calculation solar azimuth and sun set/raise time, the accuracy of assurance system works; Cooperate hardware to realize the extremely low power dissipation of system; Portability and robustness that serial communication software adopts the assurance program to use at each PC adopt rigorous communications protocol and overtime retransmission mechanism in addition, guarantee the reliability of communication process; Microcontroller software comprises two parts: the serial communication software in firmware among the ATmega 32L and the PC.Serial communication is used to be provided with parameter, and reading of data and Debugging message have adopted self-built serial communication foundation class, compile in the VC++6.0 environment; Microprocessor controls system works pattern is: whole system all is in resting state in the most of the time, and according to setting-up time interval waken system, drive motors rotates, and after finishing, changes resting state again over to; Control system adopts the solar panel power supply, and photocell becomes electric energy with solar energy converting, is stored in the system, for drive motors; After the sun sets, with the whole system dormancy, with the minimizing power consumption, during to second day The sun came up, just again with system wake-up.

5. the DC-DC controller chip MAX1771 of efficient, the low-power consumption that solar lighting system controller according to claim 1, the model that it is characterized in that described DC-DC transducer (10) are released for MAXIM company.

6. solar lighting system controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the low-power consumption real-time timepiece chip PCF8563 of the model of described real-time clock (1) for the release of PHILIP company, it has regularly interrupt function, can be used to wake up the system under the resting state.

7. solar lighting system controller according to claim 1 is characterized in that described precision potentiometer (5) adopts the high accuracy of SANYO GS company, the miniature precision potentiometer TOCOS RYQ103Y of high linearity.

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