CN101026001A - Magnetic memory device using magnetic domain motion - Google Patents
Magnetic memory device using magnetic domain motion Download PDFInfo
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- CN101026001A CN101026001A CNA2006101485522A CN200610148552A CN101026001A CN 101026001 A CN101026001 A CN 101026001A CN A2006101485522 A CNA2006101485522 A CN A2006101485522A CN 200610148552 A CN200610148552 A CN 200610148552A CN 101026001 A CN101026001 A CN 101026001A
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910006070 NiFeSiB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/14—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using thin-film elements
- G11C11/15—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using thin-film elements using multiple magnetic layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C19/00—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers
- G11C19/02—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements
- G11C19/08—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements using thin films in plane structure
- G11C19/0808—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements using thin films in plane structure using magnetic domain propagation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C19/00—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers
- G11C19/02—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements
- G11C19/08—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements using thin films in plane structure
- G11C19/0808—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements using thin films in plane structure using magnetic domain propagation
- G11C19/0841—Digital stores in which the information is moved stepwise, e.g. shift registers using magnetic elements using thin films in plane structure using magnetic domain propagation using electric current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A magnetic memory device is provided. The magnetic memory device includes a memory track where a plurality of magnetic domains are formed so that data bits each consisting of a magnetic domain are stored in an array. The memory track is formed of an amorphous soft magnetic material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic store, more specifically, relate to the magnetic store that domain motion could be stored and can take place to a kind of data bit that wherein constitutes by magnetic domain with array.
Background technology
Magnetic random memory (MRAM) is one of non-volatile magnetic store and novel solid-state magnetic store, and it uses the exclusive magnetoresistance based on the spin correlation conduction of nanometer magnetic material.Just, MRAM has utilized owing to electronics is transmitted giant magnetoresistance (GMR) or the tunnel magneto resistance (TMR) that has the tremendous influence to produce as the spin of the degree of freedom of electronics.
GMR is when being provided with the resistance difference that is produced when the ferromagnetic material that is inserted in the non-magnetic material between it has identical direction of magnetization or different direction of magnetization in the adjacent layout of ferromagnetic material/metal non-magnetic material/ferromagnetic material.TMR is in the adjacent layout of ferromagnetic material/insulator/ferromagnetic material, and compares the resistance under the current conditions of flowing through easily when two ferromagnetic materials have different direction of magnetization when two ferromagnetic materials have identical direction of magnetization.Owing to utilize the MRAM of GMR to have by the caused less resistance difference of direction of magnetization, so can not obtain big voltage difference.And,, be used to pursue at present the business-like research of the MRAM that utilizes the TMR layer more energetically because MRAM has the shortcoming of the size that will increase to the mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) that forms the unit and combine with the GMR layer.
MRAM can comprise as the transistor of switching device and wherein store magnetic tunnel-junction (MTJ) unit of data.Usually, the MTJ unit can comprise pinned ferromagnetic layer with pinned (pinned) direction of magnetization, its direction of magnetization can with the parallel or antiparallel free ferromagnetic of the pinned direction of magnetization of pinned ferromagnetic layer and between pinned ferromagnetic layer and free ferromagnetic and magnetic isolate the non-magnetosphere of described ferromagnetic layer.
Yet, because the every unit storage of MTJ one digit number certificate, so there is the data storage quantitative limitation that increases MRAM.Therefore, need novel memory technology, so that increase for example information storage of MRAM of magnetic store.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of magnetic store, make and to come stored data bit with array, and easily carry out domain motion with the memory track (memory track) that has wherein formed a plurality of magnetic domains.
According to a scheme of the present invention, provide a kind of magnetic store, comprising: memory track, wherein formed a plurality of magnetic domains, make and can store the data bit that magnetic domain constitutes that wherein memory track is formed by amorphous soft magnetic material with array.
Memory track can by NiFe IV family mischmetal for example NiFeSiB form.
Memory track can be formed by the amorphous soft magnetic material with magnetic anisotropy constant bigger than NiFe.
Memory device may further include: corresponding a part of memory track forms and has the reference layer of pinned direction of magnetization, makes the data bit that is made of each magnetic domain corresponding with the effective dimensions of reference layer with array stores on memory track; And first importation, it is electrically connected to memory track and input domain motion signal so that the data of being stored move to contiguous data bit district in the data bit district of memory track, and wherein the direction of magnetization of memory track is convertible.
Can between reference layer and memory track, further form non-magnetosphere.
Non-magnetosphere can be conductive layer and be used as one of insulation course of tunnel barrier (tunneling barrier).
Memory track can comprise: have the data bit district corresponding with the quantity of wanting data bit stored and store at least one data storage area of a plurality of data bit; And proximity data memory block and necessary words are stored in the buffer zone that moves to the data of outside, data storage area during the domain motion.
Storer may further include second importation, and it is electrically connected at least one data bit district and reference layer of memory track, and imports in write current signal and the read current signal at least one.
Memory track may further include a plurality of data storage areas, and buffer zone is between two adjacent data storage areas, and each data storage area forms at least one second importation.
Description of drawings
By describing its one exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail, above-mentioned and further feature of the present invention and advantage will become more obvious, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram according to magnetic store of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the view of the B-H loop of soft magnetic material NiFe;
Fig. 3 is the view of the B-H loop of amorphous soft magnetic material NiFeSiB;
Fig. 4 example according to the synoptic diagram of the magnetic store of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 A to 5C is a view, example apply the 3rd data bit district (particular data position district) that switching current is given Fig. 4, so that make the direction of magnetization in the 3rd data bit district reverse, and the inverted magnetization direction in the 3rd data bit district moves to the 4th contiguous data bit district D4 by flow currents;
Fig. 6 A and 6B are views, example apply read current and give the 3rd data bit district (particular data position district) so that read the data in the 3rd data bit district, and the direction of magnetization in the 3rd data bit district moves to the 4th contiguous data bit district by flow currents;
Fig. 7 is a synoptic diagram, example impose on domain motion current impulse 1, read current pulse 2, the write current pulse 2 of magnetic store of the present invention; And
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of magnetic store according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring now to the accompanying drawing that shows one exemplary embodiment of the present invention the present invention is described more fully.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram according to magnetic store of the present invention.
With reference to figure 1, magnetic store 1 comprises memory track 11, has wherein formed a plurality of magnetic domains, so that store the data bit that is made of magnetic domain with array.And magnetic store 1 may further include first importation 50 that is electrically connected memory track 11 and input domain motion signal.
Can in memory track 11, form neticdomain wall.In memory track 11, form a plurality of magnetic domains by these neticdomain walls.
The direction of magnetization of memory track 11 is convertible, so that at memory track 11 identifying recording layers.In this case, magnetic store 1 can (be set by direction of magnetization) in magnetic domain identifying recording layer position.Here, as among embodiment below introduce, can form according to magnetic store 1 of the present invention, with by utilize spin transfer square (spin transfer torque) make memory track 11 magnetic domain direction of magnetization oppositely current induced magnetic conversion just (current induced magnetic switching:CIMS) come record data position i.e. " 0 " or " 1 ".For another example, can form according to magnetic store 1 of the present invention, with by utilizing magnetic field to make the direction of magnetization of magnetic domain oppositely come the record data position the induction by current of magnetic track 11.
Because the NiFe as general soft magnetic material has relatively little magnetic anisotropy constant, thus when form utilize NiFe can be formed the memory track of a plurality of magnetic domains the time, need be used for domain motion by high electric current.
Therefore, memory track 11 can be formed by the amorphous soft magnetic material with magnetic anisotropy constant Ku bigger than NiFe.For example, memory track 11 can by the NiFe IV family mischmetal with big magnetic anisotropy constant for example NiFeSiB form.
Because the NiFe IV family mischmetal for example amorphous soft magnetic material of NiFeSiB has high anisotropy magnetic field H k, so form magnetic anisotropy easily.
When need are used for the electric current of domain motion when high, the magnetic material is by the electric current that is used for domain motion and the applies possibility height that is disconnected of part therebetween.Therefore, in order to form farmland motion memory track 11, apply the material that low current also carries out domain motion easily and form memory track 11 with utilizing even need.
When reducing the domain wall width, promptly use little energy (electric current) also can realize domain motion.The domain wall surface energy Γ of domain wall width W and domain wall is proportional, as shown in formula 1.
Γ ∝ W................ formula 1
And the square root of the width of domain wall and magnetic anisotropy constant Ku is proportional, as shown in formula 2.
W ∝ (Ku)
1/2... ... ... .. formula 2
As from formula 1 and 2, showing, need to use material to be used to form memory track 11 with big magnetic anisotropy constant so that reduce domain wall width and thereby the energy that is used for domain motion be electric current.
Therefore, when memory track 11 is formed by the amorphous soft magnetic material with big magnetic anisotropy, promptly use little electric current also can easily carry out domain motion, and can prevent the disconnection of magnetic material.
Fig. 2 shows the view of the B-H loop of soft magnetic material NiFe, and Fig. 3 shows the view of the B-H loop of amorphous soft magnetic material NiFeSiB.At length, Fig. 2 shows Ni
81Fe
19B-H loop, and Fig. 3 shows Ni
16Fe
62Si
8B
14B-H loop.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 all show when along the easy B-H loop when applying magnetic field with when along the B-H loop of difficulty when applying magnetic field.
The coercive force (Hc) that Fig. 2 and 3 test show NiFe is about 10Oe, and the coercivity H of NiFeSiB is about 20Oe.Therefore, the coercivity H of amorphous soft magnetic material NiFeSiB approximately is the coercitive twice of NiFe.Therefore, the induced magnetism anisotropy of NiFeSiB is the twice of common NiFe or more.
Here, magnetic domain anisotropy field Hk and coercivity H and magnetic anisotropy constant Ku are proportional.Therefore, magnetic anisotropy constant and coercive force are proportional.
Therefore, the amorphous soft magnetic material that has high-coercive force and a high magnetic anisotropy when use for example during NiFeSiB, can obtain stable position and arrange, and can form banded magnetic domain (strip magneticdomain).Thereby the data bit so that the array stores magnetic domain constitutes has reduced the domain wall width, makes and promptly uses low current also can realize domain motion, and can easily carry out domain motion thus.Therefore, owing in the memory track 11 that forms by amorphous soft magnetic material, carry out domain motion with low current, so can prevent the disconnection of magnetic material.
Therefore,, can realize such magnetic store 1 when memory track 11 when for example NiFeSiB forms by NiFe IV family mischmetal, the data bit that can constitute with the array stores magnetic domain wherein, and can easily carry out domain motion.
On the other hand, first importation 50 is electrically connected to memory track 11, so that the magnetic domain in mobile storage road 11 also moves to contiguous data bit district to the data (being magnetization or perpendicular magnetization in the face) that are stored in the data bit district thus.The direction of magnetization of magnetic domain promptly is moved to contiguous magnetic domain by the flow currents signal of first importation, 50 inputs according to the motor message input.This motion is called domain motion.
Motor message can be the pulse current (pulse 1) by the constant cycle input, as shown in Figure 7.Can the input motion signal, make and can carry out domain motion by the unit, data bit district that comprises single magnetic domain.Here, because domain motion mainly is to make the direction of magnetization of predetermined magnetic domain move to contiguous magnetic domain, so when carrying out domain motion, can apply motor message continuously, and periodically apply motor message and make domain motion be undertaken by unit, data bit district by unit, data bit district.
According to above-mentioned magnetic store 1, memory track 11 is provided, wherein can have formed a plurality of magnetic domains, and can store each data bit that single magnetic domain constitutes with array, make each memory track 11 can store a plurality of data bit, and can increase the information storage amount of magnetic store 1 thus significantly.In addition, owing to utilize the low electric current that the applies magnetic domain in mobile storage road 11 easily, so can be by carrying out in turn as described below that data are read or data write operation and domain motion read or write a plurality of data bit on memory track 11.
Fig. 4 is an example according to the synoptic diagram of the magnetic store of the embodiment of the invention, and wherein magnetic store makes the direction of magnetization of the magnetic domain of memory track 11 oppositely come record data position i.e. " 0 " or " 1 " by utilizing the spin transfer square.In Fig. 4, because memory track 11 is the parts identical with the parts of Fig. 1 with first importation 50 basically, so with identical Reference numeral and will omit its detailed description.
With reference to figure 4, magnetic store 10 comprises: memory track 11; Input domain motion signal is to be used for first importation 50 of memory track 11; Corresponding to a part of memory track 11 and have the direction of magnetization of pinned (pinned) and the reference layer 15 that forms.The data bit that can on memory track 11, constitute with the array stores magnetic domain corresponding with the effective dimensions of reference layer 15.Magnetic store 10 further comprises second importation 40, and it is electrically connected at least one the data bit district and the reference layer 15 of memory track 11 and imports the write current signal and at least one (pulse 2) of read current signal.Non-magnetosphere 13 can be between reference layer 15 and memory track 11.In Fig. 4, although non-magnetosphere 13 is formed on the whole surface of memory track 11, non-magnetosphere 13 can be formed on the upper face of reference layer 15.
As mentioned above, memory track 11 can comprise the bar of a plurality of magnetic domains, and making can be with the data bit of the single magnetic domain formation of array stores.In addition, memory track 11 can by amorphous soft magnetic material for example NiFeSiB form, make and promptly to use low current also can carry out domain motion.
In the present embodiment, memory track 11 can be the recording layer that direction of magnetization can be changed and thereon can stored data bit.
On the other hand, the non-magnetosphere 13 between memory track 11 and reference layer 15 can be the conductive layer of for example Cu and a kind of as in the insulation course of for example alumina layer of tunneling barrier.
In magnetic store 10 according to the embodiment of the invention, the data reading operation that can carry out data write operation or store by the territory element (area unit) of the memory track corresponding 11 with the effective dimensions of reference layer 15.Therefore, the effective dimensions of reference layer 15 has determined the size in a data bit district (being magnetic domain) of memory track 11 basically.
Owing to preferably in a data bit district, have only magnetic domain, so can be formed on formed magnetic domain in the memory track 11 by the size corresponding at least with the effective dimensions of reference layer 15.
In addition, memory track 11 can be that the width of domain motion forms with the length corresponding to the multiple of the number in the data bit district of the effective dimensions of reference layer 15.Thereby the unit of the effective dimensions by reference layer 19 provides the array in a plurality of data bit district, and each data bit district is made of single magnetic domain, wherein can be with the memory track 11 of a plurality of data bit of array stores thereby obtained.
With reference to figure 4, memory track 11 comprises: have corresponding with a plurality of data bit that will store and store the data storage area 20 of data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and the D6 of a plurality of data bit; And the words of proximity data memory block 20 and necessity are stored the buffer zone 30 of the data that move to 20 outsides, data storage area during domain motion.Buffer zone 30 can be positioned at least one side of data storage area 20.
When data storage area 20 had n data bit district, buffer zone 30 can have n or n-1 data bit district at least.That is to say, the quantity that is included in the data bit district in the buffer zone 30 can form at least with the quantity that is included in the data bit district in the data storage area 20 as many, or lack about 1 smallest number than the quantity in the data bit district of data storage area 20.Fig. 4 shows example, and wherein the core of memory track 11 is used as buffer zone 30 as two marginal portions of data storage area 20 and memory track 11.Owing to directly buffer zone 30 is not carried out write or read operation,, or comprise memory track 11 and be positioned at the layer structure that the non-magnetosphere 13 below it constitutes so buffer zone 30 can only be included as the memory track 11 of recording layer.In addition, in the magnetic store 10 according to the embodiment of the invention, buffer zone 30 can have the layer structure identical with data storage area 20 basically, promptly comprise even the layer structure of reference layer 15, but signal is not input to the reference layer 15 of buffer zone 30.
In Fig. 4, the 3rd data bit district D3 is carried out the operation of data write or read, the 3rd data bit district D3 is the 3rd district among data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and the D6 of data storage area 20, and the A of first and the second portion B of buffer zone 30 is provided on two edges of data storage area 20.Fig. 4 shows considering and is carrying out from left to right during the data reading operation under the situation of domain motion, the left side that is formed on data storage area 20 have the A of first of the buffer zone 30 in three data bit districts, and in the data storage area 20 right side has the second portion B of the buffer zone 30 in two data bit districts.For the data among six data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and the D6 being included in data storage area 20, data reading operation starts from the 6th mobile to the left data bit district D6, make the data of the 6th data bit district D6 be positioned at the 3rd data bit district D3, when data move right, carry out motor performance and read operation in turn, make and to read the data that contained among six data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and the D6 in regular turn.
Although Fig. 4 show in the data storage area 20 center section form reference layer 15 and thereby the center section of data memory area 20 example that carries out the operation of data write or read, the present invention is not limited to this concrete example, and can make various modifications.
For example, the first data bit district D1 of data memory area 20 carries out the operation of data write or read, and can the proximity data write or read operation beginning data storage area 20 the data bit district (for example, when in the first data bit district D1 or the operation of D6 place, the 6th data bit district beginning data write or read, the right side of the left side of the first data bit district D1 or the 6th data bit district D6) form, or can form the buffer zone 30 that have at least in two edges of data storage area 20 with the data bit district that is included in data bit district equal number in the data storage area 20 or lack 1 smallest number than the quantity in data bit district.Because this modification can easily derive from the structure shown in Fig. 4, so will omit its detailed description.
When only 20 right side or left side formed buffer zone 30 in the data storage area, the data that are included in the data storage area 20 moved to buffer zone 30, can carry out data reading operation then.At this moment, can carry out at domain motion that is carried out during the data reading operation and the domain motion that during data write operation, is carried out along identical direction.In addition, when the data that comprised move to buffer zone 30, can side by side carry out data reading operation in data storage area 20.In this case, can carry out at domain motion that is carried out during the data reading operation and the domain motion that during data write operation, is carried out along mutual opposite direction.
When n data bit of storage in data storage area 20, the quantity in the data bit district of buffer zone 30 can be to lack position district than the quantity of data storage area 20.That is to say, can form buffer zone 30 and store (n-1) individual data bit.Promptly carried out in the particular data position district 21 of data storage area 20 of data write or read operation because data bit can always be stored in the data bit district, thus buffer zone 30 interim storages only (n-1) individual data bit be necessary.Here, buffer zone 30 certainly has number identical with the data bit district of data storage area 20 or the number bigger than the data bit district of data-carrier store 20.
When 20 both sides formed buffer zone 30 in the data storage area, the data that contained in can read data memory block 20 were carried out domain motion simultaneously and are not had the processing of mobile data to buffer zone 30.At this moment, can carry out at domain motion that is carried out during the data reading operation and the domain motion that during data write operation, is carried out along mutual opposite direction.Even in this case, when storage on the data storage area 20 during n data bit, the quantity in the data bit district of the formed buffer zone 30 in 20 both sides can be to lack position district than data storage area 20 in the data storage area.
On the other hand, although in the above description, the memory track 11 of magnetic store 10 has the buffer zone 30 of proximity data memory block 20, and memory track 11 can only comprise data storage area 20 and not have buffer zone 30.At this moment, data storage area 20 also comprises the redundant data bits district as impact damper except that the data bit district of the number of the position that will store.For example, in the time will storing n data bit, data storage area 20 can comprise 2n or 2n-1 data bit district at least.
On the other hand, in magnetic store 10 according to the embodiment of the invention, according to the domain motion signal (pulse 1) that from first importation 50, is applied and from second importation 40 with the synchronous write current signal that applies of this domain motion signal (pulse 1) (for example, pulse 2 (writing) among Fig. 7), utilizing the spin transfer of torque is current induced magnetic conversion (CIMS), reverse by making one of magnetic domain promptly be positioned at the predetermined magnetic domain of the pre-position corresponding with reference layer 15, the contiguous magnetic domain of memory track 11 is moved, and in predetermined magnetic domain identifying recording layer position i.e. " 0 " or " 1 ".
In addition, in magnetic store 10 according to the embodiment of the invention, according to the domain motion signal that applies from first importation 50 (pulse 1) and from second importation 40 with the synchronous read current signal that applies of this domain motion signal (pulse 1) (for example, pulse 2 (reading) among Fig. 7), by apply between as the memory track 11 of recording layer and reference layer 15 read signal be the read pulse signal (for example, utilize spin tunneling), magnetic domain is moved, and read the data of storing on the magnetic domain of memory track 11.
In Fig. 4, pulse 1 is the domain motion signal, and pulse 2 is write signal or read signal.
On the other hand, second importation 40 is electrically connected to memory track 11 and reference layer 15.Fig. 4 illustrates the predetermined number of bits district 21 that second importation 40 is electrically connected to reference layer 15 and is positioned at the memory track 11 on the reference layer 15.
Arrive the predetermined number of bits district 21 and the reference layer 15 of memory track 11 by second importation, 40 input write signals, and determine to be positioned at the direction of magnetization in the predetermined number of bits district 21 of the memory track 11 on the reference layer 15 according to this write signal.In Fig. 4, data storage area 20 has the array of first to the 6th data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6, and the predetermined number of bits district 21 that is electrically connected to second importation 40 becomes the 3rd data bit district D3 that is positioned on the reference layer 15.
When by second importation, 40 input write signals, determine the direction of magnetization of the 3rd data bit district D3 according to this write signal.For example, when the 3rd data bit district D3 had predetermined direction of magnetization, the direction of magnetization of the 3rd data bit district D3 according to the write signal that is applied oppositely or keep initial direction of magnetization.The direction of magnetization of Que Dinging is represented the recorded data position by this way.
With reference to figure 7, write signal is impulse type switching current (switching current).Optionally change the direction of magnetization that predetermined number of bits district 21 for example is positioned at the 3rd data bit district D3 of the memory track 11 on the reference layer 15 according to the polarity of this switching current, and data bit stored i.e. " 0 " or " 1 " is wanted in storage in predetermined number of bits district 21.
For example, hypothetical reference layer 15 has predetermined direction of magnetization, and when by applying switching current, and it is identical when being parallel that the direction of magnetization in predetermined number of bits district 21 becomes direction of magnetization with reference layer 15, and data bit is defined as " 0 "; When by applying the switching current with opposite polarity, when predetermined number of bits district 21 had direction of magnetization opposing magnetization direction with reference layer 15, data bit can be defined as " 1 ".Therefore, thus the direction of magnetization by changing direction of magnetization that switching current polarity makes predetermined number of bits district 21 and reference layer 15 is identical or store data on the contrary with the direction of magnetization of reference layer 15.
Here, pre-determine the direction of magnetization of reference layer 19.Therefore, suppose that data bit is " 0 " when the direction of magnetization in the predetermined number of bits district 21 of memory track 11 is parallel with the direction of magnetization of predetermined reference layer 15, and data bit is " 1 " when the direction of magnetization antiparallel of the direction of magnetization in predetermined number of bits district 21 and reference layer 15, utilize the conversion of direction of magnetization in the predetermined number of bits district 21 of memory track 11, can store required data.
On the other hand, in the time will reading the data of being stored, by second importation 40 input read signals for example the read pulse electric current shown in Fig. 7 to the predetermined number of bits district 21 and the reference layer 15 of memory track 11.At this moment, the predetermined number of bits district 21 of reference layer 15, the memory track on reference layer 15 11 and the non-magnetosphere between them 13 constitute magnetic tunnel-junction (MTJ) unit.Therefore, pass through value (passing Value) or the resistance of electric current change according to the direction of magnetization in the predetermined number of bits district 21 of the memory track 11 of the direction of magnetization of relative reference floor 15.Utilize this variation to come read data.Here, can provide independent reference layer and importation for read data.
With reference to figure 7, the read pulse electric current can be the pulse current littler than the switching current that is used to write.Apply this read pulse electric current synchronously with the farmland motor message.Therefore, can utilize domain motion and the direction of magnetization that is positioned at the predetermined number of bits district 21 on the reference layer 15 to read the data of being stored.
In magnetic store 10, can carry out the write switch electric current in turn or read the input of switching current and the input of motor message with said structure according to the present invention.Therefore, carry out data write operation or data reading operation of being stored and domain motion in turn, make and in a plurality of data bit district, write down a plurality of data bit in regular turn, or read out in a plurality of data bit of being stored in a plurality of data bit districts in regular turn.Illustrate according to data write operation or data reading operation in the memory track 10 of the embodiment of the invention below with reference to Fig. 5 A to 5C and Fig. 6 A and 6B.
Fig. 5 A to 5C is a view, example apply the three data bit district D3 (predetermined number of bits district 21) of switching current to Fig. 4, thereby the direction of magnetization of the 3rd data bit district D3 is reversed, and the reverse direction of magnetization of the 3rd data bit district D3 moves to the 4th contiguous data bit district D4 by flow currents.Fig. 6 A and 6B are views, example read current be applied to the 3rd data bit district D3 (predetermined number of bits district 21), thereby read the data of the 3rd data bit district D3, and the direction of magnetization of the 3rd data bit district D3 moves to the 4th contiguous data bit district D4 by flow currents.Fig. 7 is a synoptic diagram, example be applied to domain motion current impulse 1, read current pulse 2, write current pulse 2 according to magnetic store 10 of the present invention.In Fig. 7, transverse axis is time shaft t.
Carry out data write operation as follows.When applying switching current to the 3rd data bit district D3 shown in Fig. 5 A, the direction of magnetization of the 3rd data bit district D3 is reversed shown in Fig. 5 B.After this, when applying flow currents to memory track 11, the direction of magnetization in each data bit district moves to contiguous data bit district respectively, shown in Fig. 5 C.That is to say, the direction of magnetization of first to the 6th of the data storage area 20 of example data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 shown in Fig. 5 B moves the first data bit district B1 of a data bit district to the second to the second portion B of the 6th data bit district D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 and buffer zone 30 respectively, as shown in Fig. 5 C.
As mentioned above, determine the direction of magnetization in predetermined number of bits district 21, at the fixed time, the data in predetermined number of bits district 21 (direction of magnetization) are moved to i.e. the 4th data bit district D4 in contiguous data bit district, import write signal once more and give predetermined data bit district 21 to determine direction of magnetization once more.Utilize shown in Fig. 7 flow currents that the periodicity of example applies and write switching signal with flow currents synchronously periodically applies, carry out the judgement and the motion process of such direction of magnetization in turn, make in a plurality of data bit district of memory track 11 with a plurality of data bit of An arrayed recording.After finishing data recording operation, can keep the data storage location that moved, or import the motor message of mobile magnetic domain in opposite direction, make the data of on first to the 6th data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and the D6 of data storage area 20, being stored be held.
Carry out the data reading operation stored in the following manner.With reference to figure 6A, apply read current and give the 3rd data bit district D3, thereby read the data of the 3rd data bit district D3.After this, when applying flow currents to memory track 11 as shown in Fig. 6 B, the direction of magnetization in each data bit district moves to contiguous data bit district respectively.That is to say, the direction of magnetization of first to the 6th data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 of the data storage area 20 shown in Fig. 6 A moves the first data bit district B1 of a data bit district to the second to the second portion B of the 6th data bit district D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 and buffer zone 30 respectively, as shown in Fig. 6 B.
As mentioned above, read the direction of magnetization in specific data bit district 21, at the fixed time, the data in predetermined number of bits district 21 (direction of magnetization) move to i.e. the 4th data bit district D4 in contiguous data bit district, import once more read signal to the data bit district 21 that is scheduled to carry out data reading operation.Utilize shown in Fig. 7 flow currents that the periodicity of example applies and with the flow currents read pulse signal (pulse current) that synchronizing cycle, property applied, carry out such direction of magnetization and motion process read in turn, up to finishing reading of a plurality of data bit of being stored on the memory track 11.After finishing data reading operation, can keep the data storage location that moved, or the input motor message of mobile magnetic domain in opposite direction, make the data of being stored on first to the 6th data bit district D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and the D6 of data storage area 20 be held.
During read operation, with farmland motor message property synchronizing cycle apply the read pulse electric current and do not have the pole reversal, as shown in Figure 7.When the read pulse electric current is applied to the predetermined number of bits district 21 of reference layer 15 and memory track 11, direction of magnetization or antiparallel parallel, the magnitude of current of the tunnel barrier of flowing through and resistance difference thereof according to the predetermined number of bits district 21 of memory track 11 with the direction of magnetization of reference layer 15.For example, the resistance of the resistance ratio when the direction of magnetization in the predetermined number of bits district 21 of memory track 11 is parallel with the direction of magnetization of reference layer 15 when the direction of magnetization antiparallel of the direction of magnetization in predetermined number of bits district 21 and reference layer 15 is little.Utilize this resistance difference to discern the data that are stored in the predetermined number of bits district 21.
In the above description, although domain motion is undertaken by a data bit location, and carry out domain motion and the operation of data bit write or read in turn, it only is for exemplary object that these explanations are provided, and can carry out various modifications.For example, after a plurality of data bit district moves, can carry out the write or read operation.
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of magnetic store 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention.With reference to figure 8, magnetic store 100 can have the structure of a plurality of data storage areas 20 to memory track 11 is set.At this moment, memory track 11 may further include buffer zone 30, and its proximity data memory block 20 is so that the data that move to 20 outsides, data storage area that storage causes owing to domain motion.At this moment, each data storage area 20 forms at least one second importation 40.When providing a plurality of data storage areas 20 and form at least one second importation 40 corresponding to each data storage area 20, memory data output increases with the quantity of data storage area 20 generally many, has realized and magnetic store 10 identical or faster data storage or read rates according to the memory track 11 that has the individual data memory block that is made of a plurality of data bit district comprising of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 shows the example that forms buffer zone 30 between two data memory blocks 20.In the structure that has formed a plurality of data storage areas 20, can form buffer zone 30 in the position before first data storage area, in the position after last data storage area and in the position between two adjacent data memory blocks at least.
In addition, example shown in Figure 8 shows for 20 two reference layers 15 of formation and two second importations 40, a data memory block.When a plurality of second importations 40 of formation are used for a data memory block 20, even can improve data storage or read rate more.
For an alternative embodiment, magnetic store 100 can have a kind of like this structure, make a plurality of reference layers 15 of formation and second importation 40 be used for a data memory block 20, and carry out the input of write signal and read signal by the second different importations 40.In addition, the input that can carry out write signal is used for a tentation data memory block 20, and the input that can carry out read signal is used for another tentation data memory block 20.
In addition, in the above description, can be according to magnetic store of the present invention reading a plurality of data bit (that is) magnetic device and utilize the record magnetic device of spin transfer square to be combined in the individual devices, MTJ or GMR sensor, but the present invention is not limited to this specific embodiment.That is to say, can be (promptly according to magnetic store of the present invention as the magnetic device that can utilize domain motion to read a plurality of data bit, MTJ or GMR sensor), maybe can also be as utilizing domain motion to write down the record magnetic device of the use spin transfer square of a plurality of data bit.
In addition, in the above description, by directly apply the write current signal to comprise reference layer 15, on reference layer 15 memory track 11 predetermined number of bits district 21 and be inserted in the MTJ unit of the non-magnetosphere 13 between them, magnetic store according to the present invention utilizes the spin transfer square to carry out data write operation, but the invention is not restricted to this specific embodiment.
That is to say, according to magnetic store of the present invention, utilize the magnetic field of induction by current, the direction of magnetization of the magnetic domain in the predetermined number of bits district by optionally making memory track 11 is reverse, can the record data position.In this case, can comprise the structure that the direction of magnetization that produces the predetermined number of bits district that magnetic field is used for optionally making memory track 11 is reverse and be used to read be stored in the FET of the data of memory track 11 according to magnetic store of the present invention, replace and directly apply second importation 40 that the write or read current signal is given memory track 11.
Magnetic store of the present invention has the memory track that is formed and wherein formed a plurality of magnetic domains by the amorphous soft magnetic material with high magnetic anisotropy constant, makes promptly to use low current also can easily carry out domain motion.
In addition, because the data bit that magnetic domain constitutes can be stored on the memory track with array, so adopt each unit of magnetic store of the present invention can store a plurality of data bit, it has increased memory data output significantly.
Though specifically illustrate and described the present invention with reference to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should understand, do not breaking away under the situation of the spirit and scope of the invention that limits as following claim, can make various variations in the form and details.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of magnetic store comprises memory track, thereby the data bit of a plurality of magnetic domain magnetic domains formations of formation can be stored with array in the described memory track,
Wherein said memory track is formed by amorphous soft magnetic material.
2, storer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said memory track is formed by NiFe IV family mischmetal.
3, storer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said memory track is formed by NiFeSiB.
4, storer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said memory track is formed by the amorphous soft magnetic material that has bigger magnetic anisotropy constant than NiFe.
5, storer as claimed in claim 1 further comprises:
The reference layer that the described memory track of counterpart ground forms and has pinned direction of magnetization, thereby the data bit that on described memory track, constitutes with each magnetic domain corresponding of array stores with the effective dimensions of described reference layer; And
First importation, thus it is electrically connected to described memory track and input domain motion signal makes the data in the data bit district that is stored in described memory track move to contiguous data bit district,
The direction of magnetization of wherein said memory track is convertible.
6, storer as claimed in claim 5 wherein further forms non-magnetosphere between described reference layer and described memory track.
7, storer as claimed in claim 6, wherein said non-magnetosphere are conductive layer or a kind of as in the insulation course of tunnel barrier.
8, storer as claimed in claim 5, wherein said memory track comprises:
At least one data storage area has the data bit district corresponding with the quantity of wanting stored data bit and stores a plurality of data bit; And
Buffer zone, contiguous described data storage area and be stored in domain motion in case of necessity during move to the data of outside, described data storage area.
9, storer as claimed in claim 8 further comprises second importation, and it is electrically connected at least one data bit district of described memory track and is electrically connected to described reference layer, and at least a in input write current signal and the read current signal.
10, storer as claimed in claim 9, wherein said memory track comprises a plurality of data storage areas, buffer zone and forms at least one second importation in each data storage area between two adjacent data storage areas.
11, storer as claimed in claim 5 further comprises second importation, and it is electrically connected at least one data bit district of described memory track and is electrically connected to described reference layer, and at least a in input write current signal and the read current signal.
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| EP (1) | EP1826773B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5300201B2 (en) |
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| CN112289363A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-01-29 | 信阳师范学院 | Magnetic skyburn-based racetrack memory |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP1826773B1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| US7738278B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
| CN101026001B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
| DE602006007099D1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| US20070195587A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
| EP1826773A1 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
| JP2007227916A (en) | 2007-09-06 |
| JP5300201B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| KR20070084884A (en) | 2007-08-27 |
| KR100754397B1 (en) | 2007-08-31 |
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