CN101020850B - Integral process and apparatus for drying and upgrading lignite - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is integral process and apparatus for drying and upgrading lignite. The integral lignite drying and upgrading process includes starting the hot blast apparatus to generate high temperature fume of 200-400 deg.c to heat roller for stoving lignite; feeding lignite from the material bin through a spiral feeder and a main feeder to between the rollers of the pressurizing apparatus and extruding lignite with 20-80 ton pressure to eliminate water from lignite to below 1-5 % and to form lignite pins of 5-10 mm diameter; and pumping out the high temperature extrusion generated mixture of fuel gas, CO, hydrocarbon and water vapor from the pressurizing apparatus with a induced draft fan. The integral process and apparatus can dry and upgrade lignite simultaneously and raise the quality of lignite greatly, and is flexible and integral.

Description

Brown coal drying and upgrading integral processing method and equipment thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to coal working method and equipment, particularly a kind of brown coal drying and upgrading integral processing method and equipment thereof.

Background technology

China is the country that takes the primary energy source resource with coal as the leading factor, has become world's first coal power.In coming few decades, China's sustainable development of economy will continue to rely on coal that main energy support is provided.Pertinent data shows that coal in China turnout in 2004 has reached 1,600,000,000 tons, and 2006 above 2,100,000,000 tons.The coal resources in China workable reserve occupies the third place in the world, accounts for 11.5% of world's total reserves.Wherein the brown coal reserves account for 16% of world's brown coal total reserves.The exploitation of the coal resources of China at present and utilizing based on bituminous coal and hard coal, the exploitation of brown coal and utilize level very low.Along with China to the continuous increase of energy demand with to the excessive exploitation of bituminous coal, anthracite resource, will be more and more important to the development and utilization of brown coal.To rise rapidly according to China's brown coal output after the expectation 2008-2010 of the parties concerned, will reach hundred million tons of 2-3 every year.Compare with bituminous coal, hard coal, the advantage of brown coal is that price is lower, the reactive behavior height, but its calorific value is relatively low, and water content is higher.Therefore one of key of brown coal development and use is the exploitation of brown coal drying and upgrading technology.

Generally adopt the water vapour drying process that brown coal are carried out drying at present abroad, directly deliver near coal-mine power plant then and be used for combustion power generation.With external different be, the near coal-mine power plant of China quantity is few, and most of power plant is away from the colliery.Therefore need could arrive the coal-burning power plant through long-distance transport after the exploitation of the coal resources of China, the Coal Transport radius is bigger.This development and utilization to lignite resource is had higher requirement.Consider that from transportation cost and combustion heat value aspect brown coal need just can be transported to power plant's burning after drying.Brown coal after the water vapour drying treatment of U.S.'s exploitation are called K-fuel, do not solve the problem of brown coal spontaneous combustion, even the possibility of spontaneous combustion is increased, and are not suitable for the national conditions of China's lignite resource development and use.Mechanical hot extrusion (MTE) technology of brown coal research centre, Australia (Lignite CRC) research still is in the laboratory study development phase.This technical finesse efficient is extremely low, the brown coal water content after the processing still higher (containing higher moisture content as Victoria's brown coal after handling).The brown coal drying technology of developing that Japan NEDO subsidizes is to utilize heavy oil and brown coal combination treatment, realizes the drying and the modification of brown coal.This technology is applicable to liquidation of coal technology, and processing cost is higher, consumes a large amount of heavy oil, also is not suitable for China's national situation.In general, still there is not sophisticated brown coal drying technology at present.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, provide a kind of brown coal are carried out drying, realize simultaneously the brown coal upgrading; Improve calorific value, cost is low, brown coal drying and upgrading integral processing method and equipment thereof that efficient is high.

The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is: a kind of by electric motor (1), hot air apparatus (4), induced draft fan (6), eccentric swage motor (8), helical screw feeder (9), eccentric swage (13), frame (14), the brown coal drying and upgrading integration apparatus that framework platform (24) and finished product coal bunker (28) are formed, be characterized in frame (14), be installed with pressurizing device (5) on the framework platform (24), pressurizing device (5) comprising: active is equipped with a plurality of rolls (15) in the bearing (33) on pressurizing device housing (5-1), be fixed with a gear (22) respectively at each roll (15) one end, No. two gears (18), No. three gears (20) and No. four gears (17), one, No. two gear is meshed, three, No. four gear is meshed, roll on the left side (15) gear two ends are fixed with No. two belt pulleys (23) and No. four belt pulleys (34), the gear end of the roll of lower left (15) is fixed with No. three belt pulleys (19), be in transmission connection with ancillary drive belt (21) between No. four belt pulleys (34) and No. three belt pulleys (19), the circumference of each roll (15) is evenly distributed with a plurality of grooves (32), a ramp plate (16) is housed in each groove (32), and an end of ramp plate (16) is fixed in the pressurizing device housing (5-1); Roll (15) center is provided with high-temperature flue gas chamber (31), and two ends, high-temperature flue gas chamber (31) are fixed with high-temperature flue gas entry joint (29) and high-temperature flue gas outlet connection (30).

The working method of brown coal drying and upgrading integration apparatus is: at first start hot air apparatus, 200 ℃～400 ℃ high-temperature flue gas are sent in the high temperature air cavity the roll the roll heating from the high-temperature flue gas entry joint by pipeline, be used to dry brown coal; Again brown coal are sent into the main feeder through helical screw feeder uniformly from the raw coal feed bin, opened the eccentric swage motor, brown coal are pressed onto between the roll in the pressurizing device, through 20～80 tons of pressure extrusion, with moisture removal to 1 in the brown coal～below 5% by eccentric swage; Become the cylinder of φ 5～10mm through the coal charge of high temperature extruding; The inflammable gas that produces under the high temperature extruding, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon polymer and water vapor mixture are extracted out from pressurizing device with induced draft fan.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can realize to brown coal drying and process for upgrading having the handiness and the integration of height in one; Through the brown coal after the processing, ature of coal improves greatly, and self-ignition index reduces greatly, can equally with the high-order coal be fit to long-distance transport and storage, and calorific value improves 300～500Kcal/Kg; Cost is low, efficient is high, compare with the MTE technology of abroad developing at present, this processing unit has high production efficiency, drying effect is good, and running cost is low, and ton coal comprehensive cost is 50～80 yuan, the incorporate comprehensive cost of ton coal drying and upgrading is 80～100 yuan, developing the drying and upgrading technology with Japanese NEDO and comparing, cost also reduces greatly, does not need to consume simultaneously the heavy oil resource.

Description of drawings

Specify with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of brown coal drying and upgrading integration apparatus.

Fig. 2 is the pressurizing device parts front view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.

Among the figure, the 1-electric motor; Belt pulley of 2-; 3-main transmission band; The 4-hot air apparatus; The 5-pressurizing device; 5-1-pressurizing device housing; The 6-induced draft fan; 6-1-induced draft fan pipeline; 7-raw coal feed bin; 8-eccentric swage motor; The 9-helical screw feeder; 10-helical screw feeder support; The 11-upper mounting plate; 12-master's feeder housing; The 13-eccentric swage; The 14-frame; The 15-roll; The 16-ramp plate; No. four gears of 17-; No. two gears of 18-; No. three belt pulleys of 19-; No. three gears of 20-; 21-auxiliary driving band; Gear of 22-; No. two belt pulleys of 23-; The 24-framework platform; 25-coal bunker inlet; 26-inclined-plane spillplate; The outlet of 27-coal bunker; 28-finished product coal bunker; 29-coal gas of high temperature inlet attack; 30-coal gas of high temperature outlet connection; 31-coal gas of high temperature chamber; The 32-groove; No. four belt pulleys of 33-bearing 34-.

Embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing, a kind of brown coal drying and upgrading integration apparatus, by electric motor 1, hot air apparatus 4, induced draft fan 6, eccentric swage motor 8, helical screw feeder 9, eccentric swage 13, frame 14, framework platform 24 and finished product coal bunker 28 are formed, be characterized in frame 14, pressurizing device 5 fixedly is housed on the framework platform 24, it comprises pressurizing device 5: four rolls 15 are housed in the bearing 33 on pressurizing device housing 5-1 versatilely, spacing between top a pair roller 15 is big, spacing between following a pair roller 15 is little, coal passes through after twice extruding, be fixed with gear 22 respectively No. one at each roll 15 1 end, No. two gears 18, No. three gears 20 and No. four gears 17, one, No. two gears 22,18 are meshed, three, No. four gears 20,17 are meshed, roll 15 gear two ends on the left side are fixed with No. two belt pulleys 23 and No. four belt pulleys 34, the other end of the roll 15 of lower left is fixed with between 19, No. four belt pulleys 34 of No. three belt pulleys and No. three belt pulleys 19 and is in transmission connection with auxiliary driving band 21; The circumference of each roll 15 is evenly distributed with the groove 32 of different cross section shape according to the needs of coal processing, groove 32 cross-sectional shapes can be semicircle or square or other different shapes, a ramp plate 16 is housed in each groove 32, ramp plate 16 1 ends are fixed on the pressurizing device housing 5-1, are used for wiping off the coal in the groove 32; Roll 15 centers are provided with high-temperature flue gas chamber 31, and 31 two ends, high-temperature flue gas chamber are fixed with high-temperature flue gas entry joint 29 and coal gas of high temperature outlet connection 30.Inclined plate baffle 26 of finished product coal bunker 28 internal fixing makes things convenient for readymade coal to flow out, and coal bunker outlet 27 is established in the lower left corner, fixes a framework platform 24 that is provided with coal bunker inlet 25 above; Be fixed with electric motor 1 on the framework platform 24, frame 14 and hot air apparatus 4, fix a belt pulley 2 on the shaft of electric motor 1, be connected transmission with main transmission band 3 between belt pulley 2 and No. two belt pulleys 23, induced draft fan 6 on the loam cake upper left corner of pressurizing device housing 5-1 is equipped with pipeline 6-1 and is fixed on frame 14 is connected, fixedly adorn a main feeder housing 12 between the upper mounting plate 11 on pressurizing device housing 5-1 and the frame 14, eccentric swage 13 is housed to main feeder housing 12 intermediate active, eccentric swage 13 is connected with the shaft of eccentric swage motor 8, eccentric swage motor 8 is fixed on the helical screw feeder support 10, and helical screw feeder support 10 is fixedlyed connected with the platform 11 on the frame 14; Helical screw feeder 9 is fixed on the helical screw feeder support 10, and a raw coal feed bin 7 is established in helical screw feeder 9 tops, and unprocessed brown coal are contained in this storehouse.

The incorporate working method of brown coal drying and upgrading is: at first start hot air apparatus 4, with 200 ℃～400 ℃ high-temperature flue gas by pipeline from high-temperature flue gas entry joint 29 is sent into high temperature air cavity 31 roll 15, with roll 15 heating, be used to dry brown coal; Again brown coal are sent into the main feeder housing 12 through helical screw feeder 9 equably from raw coal feed bin 7, open eccentric swage motor 8, by eccentric swage 13 brown coal are pressed onto between the roll 15 in the pressurizing device 5, through 20～80 tons pressure extrusion, with moisture removal in the brown coal below 1-5%; Coal charge after the high temperature extruding becomes the cylinder of φ 5～10mm; The inflammable gas carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon polymer and the water vapor mixture that produce under the high temperature extruding are extracted out from pressurizing device 5 with induced draft fan 6.For dry factory provides geseous fuel, the brown coal behind the drying and moulding enter in the bottom finished product coal bunker 28 extractum, deliver to the readymade coal warehouse with rotary conveyor after separating.Certainly, also can adopt additive method, as type of heating such as combustion gas, with roll 15 heating.

This technology if can be used in industry produces, and its economical effectiveness and social benefit are very considerable.

Claims (2)

1. brown coal drying and upgrading integral processing method is characterized in that: at first start hot air apparatus, with 200 ℃～400 ℃ high-temperature flue gas by pipeline from the high-temperature flue gas entry joint is sent into high temperature air cavity the roll, with the roll heating, be used to dry brown coal; Again brown coal are sent into the main feeder housing through helical screw feeder equably from the raw coal feed bin, open the eccentric swage motor, by eccentric swage brown coal are pressed onto between the roll in the pressurizing device, through 20～80 tons pressure extrusion, with moisture removal in the brown coal below 1-5%; Coal charge after the high temperature extruding becomes the cylinder of φ 5～10mm.

2. brown coal drying and upgrading integral processing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the combustion gas type of heating to replace the high-temperature flue gas type of heating, roll is heated.

Images