CN101020738B - Water-base polyurethane material and its preparation process and application - Google Patents
Water-base polyurethane material and its preparation process and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN101020738B CN101020738B CN2007100272256A CN200710027225A CN101020738B CN 101020738 B CN101020738 B CN 101020738B CN 2007100272256 A CN2007100272256 A CN 2007100272256A CN 200710027225 A CN200710027225 A CN 200710027225A CN 101020738 B CN101020738 B CN 101020738B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of water-base polyurethane material and its preparation process. During the preparation process, internal cross-linking is introduced to alter the molecular chain structure, the water emulsion filming procedure is self-assembling controlled to raise the water soaking performance and mechanical performance, and silane is adopted to raise the hydrophobicity,so as to obtain water-base polyurethane material with improved comprehensive performance. The preparation process is simple, and the product is used in paving sports field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-base polyurethane material and preparation method thereof, and the application of described water-base polyurethane material aspect sport field, venue pavement material.
Background technology
Traditional sports athletic ground, venue urethane pavement material be residual hypertoxic isocyano and 7-10% heavy metal catalyst, and with aromatic solvents such as toluene, benzene serve as the construction medium, with the polyurethane high molecule compound dissolution in organic solvent, quantity of solvent accounts for the 20-25% of pavement material weight, a large amount of volatile poisonous aromatic solvent volatilizations are very long and persistent processes, and these factor severe contaminations environment.
Especially at sports place, venue, under muggy weather or indoor particular case, adding that motion tempestuously increases severely people's respiratory capacity, traditional urethane pavement material may damage workmen and user's health chronically.
Moreover, along with the growing tension of world energy sources, the rising steadily of oil price, organic solvent causes to produce with construction cost and goes up year by year in the preparation of pavement material and a large amount of uses in the construction process.
Aqueous polyurethane belongs to the historical problem more of a specified duration of research, can solve a large amount of use problem of poisonous aromatic solvent, but from the domestic and international research situation, still there is more open question, use and still be confined to the family expenses wood lacquer, hide finishess etc. are to environment for use and the less demanding occasion of product physicals, and the research that is used for sports place, venue urethane pavement material also belongs to blank.
The contriver finds through long-time a large amount of research experiments, aqueous polyurethane must solve the hardness of filming, rub resistance, with the performance issues such as sticking power of cement matrix, just can have widely and to use, especially solve sports place, the venue application problem of mating formation.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of water-base polyurethane material.
Second purpose of the present invention provides the preparation method of described water-base polyurethane material.
A further object of the invention provides described water-base polyurethane material and is applied to mating formation of sports place, venue.
Technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of water-base polyurethane material, this water-base polyurethane material is to generate prepolymer by isocyanic ester and polyol reaction, prepolymer and chainextender reaction obtain, but before adding chainextender, the prepolymer and the aqueous functional monomer that generate are reacted in the presence of solubility promoter, catalyzer, add the chainextender reaction again after the product neutralization of generation, the emulsification and obtain described water-base polyurethane material.
The preparation method of described water-base polyurethane material may further comprise the steps:
A 50-95 ℃ temperature, under the nitrogen protection condition, isocyanic ester and polyvalent alcohol carry out the polyurethane-reinforcement reaction, generate prepolymer;
B prepolymer and aqueous functional monomer carry out the hydrophilization reaction, add proper amount of solvent and catalyzer simultaneously;
C adds an amount of solvent viscosity reduction, neutralization, and Yu Shuizhong disperses;
D adds the chainextender reaction.
Among the present invention in isocyanic ester and the polyol reaction system ratio of total isocyanic ester and total hydroxyl be controlled in 1.5-3.8, preferred 1.5-2.5.
The isocyanic ester that uses among the present invention be meant have phenyl, diisocyanate monomer and its dipolymer, the trimeric mixture of xenyl or naphthyl or contain the straight chain ring-type diisocyanate monomer of 6-38 carbon atom and its dipolymer, trimeric mixture; Described polyvalent alcohol is the mixture of the pure and mild small molecules polyvalent alcohol of macromolecular multi-component.
Isocyanic ester in the main raw material that uses among the present invention, can provide the monomer of isocyanate group to comprise: tolylene diisocyanate, 1, hexamethylene-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate, Methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, ditan-4, the 4-vulcabond, preferred tolylene diisocyanate, 1, hexamethylene-diisocyanate ditan-4,4-vulcabond, isophorone diisocyanate or its mixture.In the polyurethane-reinforcement reaction, the ratio of total isocyanic ester and total hydroxyl is the leading indicator that will control in the system, generally between 1.5-3.8, defining this ratio is the R value, among the present invention, when the R value is too big, the isocyanate group ratio is too high in the system, causes emulsion to turn white, and film forming matter becomes fragile.The R value too hour, performed polymer viscosity is too big, can make difficulties in dispersion, the suitable R value is between 1.5-2.5.
Polyvalent alcohol in the main raw material of the present invention, be meant contain two or more can with the oh group of isocyanate reaction, be divided into the pure and mild small molecules polyvalent alcohol of macromolecular multi-component.Its number-average molecular weight of macromolecule polyol is between 400-8000, and preferred molecular weight is between the 1000-4000, and according to such technology as can be known, this family macromolecule polyvalent alcohol comprises:
1 polyester polyol, typically refer to polyester diol, saturated or undersaturated small molecules dibasic alcohol (as: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1 are arranged, 3-butyleneglycol, 1,4-butyleneglycol, neopentyl glycol, pentanediol, hexylene glycol, 1,3 hexylene glycol, dihydroxyphenyl propane, Diethylene Glycol) make with the saturated or undersaturated di-carboxylic acid of aliphatics, alicyclic, aromatic series or heterocycle family (as: oxalic acid,, toxilic acid, succsinic acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanodioic acid, pimelic acid, fumaric acid) reaction.
2 poly-lactone polyols as the poly epsilon caprolactone lactone, are made by 6-caprolactone open loop in the presence of initiator.
3 polycarbonate diols, as gathering the carbonic acid hexylene glycol to glycol, be by 1, the polymkeric substance that 6-hexylene glycol and phenylbenzene sulphonate obtain through ring-opening polymerization, suitable epoxidation and thing comprise: the mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF), oxyethane, propylene oxide, butylene oxide ring or these epoxy compoundss.The present invention preferentially selects for use by hexanodioic acid and 1, the polyester diol of the molecular weight 10003000 of 4-butyleneglycol preparation, with the polyester glycol of the molecular weight for preparing by poly-epsilon-caprolactone at 1000-2000, or be the polyether glycol of 1000-2000, and by the polyether glycol of the molecular weight 1000-2000 of tetrahydrofuran (THF) preparation by the molecular weight of propylene oxide production.
Small molecules polyvalent alcohol in the main raw material of the present invention is an ethylene glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, neopentyl glycol 1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1, glycerol, 3-pentanediol, 1, the 4-butyleneglycol, 1, ammediol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane, preferred 1, the 4-butyleneglycol, 1, ammediol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP).
Solubility promoter of the present invention is for being N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N, and dinethylformamide is used to dissolve the wetting ability function monomer, selects the acetone viscosity reduction for use, and catalyzer is trimethylamine class or organometallic compound class, preferred dibutyl tin laurate; Neutralizing agent is alkyl amine or alkyl alcohol amine, preferred triethylamine.
Catalyzer can reduce reaction activity, is reaction rate accelerates, shortens the reaction times, the control side reaction, and appropriate catalyst comprises organic tertiary amines and organometallic compound class among the present invention.Trimethylamine comprises: N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, triethylenediamine, triethylamine, thing class.Trimethylamine comprises: N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, triethylenediamine, triethylamine, N, N dimethyl benzylamine, N, N-dimethyl butylamine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-methylmorpholine, organometallic compound comprises: stannous octoate, dibutyl tin laurate, lead octoate 36, iron octoate, cobalt octoate, naphthenic acid tin, metatitanic acid four isobutyl esters, the most handy organometallic compound class of the present invention catalyzer dibutyl tin laurate.
The aqueous functional monomer that comprises among the present invention will neutralize with neutralizing agent, and to generate hydrophilic anionic polymer, used this material is alkyl amine and alkyl alcohol amine in invention.This suitable class material comprises that triethylamine, tripropylamine, dimethylethyl amine, diethanolamine, trolamine, dimethylethanolamine preferentially select alkyl amine such as triethylamine in the present invention.
The monomer of aqueous functional described in the present invention is for containing COO-, SO
3-, NR
4-or-(CH
2CH
2O)-a kind of hydroxy alkyl compound or two or more hydroxy alkyl compound mix the group that is formed.Among the present invention, a kind ofly minimumly comprise a carboxyl or a sulfonic hydroxy alkyl compound is used as the aqueous functional monomer, realize the water-dispersible of prepolymer with this, this suitable compounds comprises: dimethylol propionic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid, dihydroxymethyl acetate, 2-sodium sulfonate 1,4-butyleneglycol, 2,4 diamino benzene sulfonic acids are preferably dimethylol propionic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid.
Chainextender described in the present invention is diamine and/or polyamine and silane coupling agent.In order to improve molecular weight, can in system, add chain extension agent at scatter stage to improve performances such as the hardness of finally filming, wear-resisting wiping, water tolerance, thermotolerance, solvent resistance, sticking power, specifically comprise the diamine that contains amido or how far amine and silane coupling agent with active hydrogen.Contain the diamine of amido or how far amine has quadrol, water and hydrazine, diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine and isophorone diamine, etc.In the present invention, as the amine of the chainextender mixture of diamine and tertiary amine preferably, can introduce the above polyamine of more ternary or ternary, to realize bigger cross-linking density.In the present invention, the weight percentage that we control that the ternary amount accounts for diamine and tertiary amine mixture is 045%, and that be more suitable for is 10-20%.Total consumption of diamine and tertiary amine is that diamine is also relevant with chain extension coefficient with the amount of tertiary amine simultaneously by amount of hydroxyl groups total in the reflection system and the decision of total isocyanic ester base unit weight.In the present invention, chain extension coefficient between 0.5-1.1 more suitably is between 0.850.99.Above said chain extension coefficient be meant the ratio of the isocyano functional group number of total amidine functional group number that chainextender contains and total surplus.In order to improve the sticking power with cement matrix, add a certain amount of silane coupling agent, it is the silane coupling agent of 0.5-5% that reference quantity is taked weight percentage, it is characterized in that, contains list or polyamines base functional group as chainextender.This silane coupling agent is selected from: 3-aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane, 3 glycidyl ether oxygen base propyl trimethoxy silicanes, methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, 3-(2-aminoethyl)-aminopropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, the phenylamino methyltrimethoxy silane, the phenylamino propyl-triethoxysilicane, the phenylamino propyl trimethoxy silicane, 2-(3, the 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, preferred 3-aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidyl ether oxygen base propyl trimethoxy silicane.
Excellent combination properties, the particularly sticking power with cement matrix such as its solid content of water-base polyurethane material provided by the invention, water tolerance, tensile strength are good, are fit to be applied to the application of mating formation of sports place, venue.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows provides a kind of new water-base polyurethane material, defective and deficiency at present water-base polyurethane material, by crosslinked in the system preparation process, introducing, change molecular chain structure, the self-assembly control of water miscible liquid film process, improve its long-term soaking-resistant and mechanical property, multinomial technology such as its hydrophobicity of silane-modified raising, make the water-base polyurethane material of excellent combination property with this, and the preparation method is simple, and the blank of domestic sports place, venue pavement material has been filled up in its application.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Under nitrogen protection, polyether glycol or polyester polyol and the small molecules polyvalent alcohol of base polyurethane prepolymer for use as mass parts 40%-65% will be accounted for, by the molar ratio of isocyanate group total in the system and total hydroxyl between 1.5-2.3, add agitator is housed, thermometer, in the reactor of prolong and nitrogen conduit, start stirring, add aromatic series or aliphatic diisocyanate, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of insulation reaction 3 hours, add the aqueous functional monomer, its consumption accounts for 4%8% of base polyurethane prepolymer for use as quality branch, and account for the solubility promoter N-methyl pyrrole Lopa Nationality alkane ketone of emulsion gross weight 2-3% and account for the catalyzer of performed polymer gross weight 3/10000ths, insulation reaction 3 hours, make NCO content reach theoretical value scope under this reaction conditions, can measure by the routine measurement method; Be cooled to 70 ℃, add proper amount of acetone and regulate viscosity, stir after 5 minutes, the neutralizing agent of adding and aqueous functional monomer same molar reacted 30 minutes. under stirring fast, performed polymer is added emulsification in the deionized water, add the small molecule amine chainextender after 2 minutes, continue to stir one hour; 50 ℃ are decompressed to 0.05-0.1MPa and remove acetone, obtain the translucent aqueous polyurethane dispersion WPU with blue-fluorescence.
Embodiment 1
Raw material:
100.0g polyester diol: by hexanodioic acid, the preparation of 1,4 butyleneglycol, molecular weight 200O52.3g tolylene diisocyanate
5.0g1,3 propylene glycol
1.5g TriMethylolPropane(TMP)
10.0g dimethylol propionic acid
10.0gN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
0.3g dibutyl tin laurate
20.0g acetone
7.53g triethylamine
3.5g quadrol
1.2g diethylenetriamine
250.0g deionized water
The preparation method:
Under nitrogen protection; polyester diol and small molecules polyvalent alcohol; add and be equipped with in the reactor of agitator, thermometer, prolong and nitrogen conduit, start stirring, add tolylene diisocyanate; be warming up to 8090 ℃ of insulation reaction 3 hours; add aqueous functional monomer dimethylol propionic acid, and solubility promoter N-Methyl pyrrolidone and catalyzer, insulation reaction 3 hours; make NCO content reach theoretical value scope under this reaction conditions, can measure by the routine measurement method.
Be cooled to 70 ℃, add proper amount of acetone and regulate viscosity, stir after 5 minutes, add neutralizing agent, reacted 30 minutes. under stirring fast, performed polymer is added emulsification in the deionized water, add the compound chainextender of small molecule amine after 2 minutes, continue to stir one hour; 50 ℃ of decompressions remove acetone, obtain the translucent aqueous polyurethane dispersion WPU with blue-fluorescence, and it is as follows that the useful range by routine can record its character: solid content: 40%; PH:7.0; Viscosity: 230mPa.s; Tensile strength: 29MPa.
Embodiment 2
Raw material:
150.0g polyester diol: by hexanodioic acid, the preparation of 1,6 hexylene glycol, molecular weight 2500
47.3g tolylene diisocyanate
5.0gl, 4 butyleneglycols
1.5g TriMethylolPropane(TMP)
9.0g dimethylol propionic acid
10.0gN methyl-2-pyrrolidone
0.3g dibutyl tin laurate
20.0g acetone
6.78g triethylamine
3.05g quadrol
1.2g diethylenetriamine
1.593-aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane
280.0g deionized water
The preparation method:
Under nitrogen protection, polyester diol and small molecules polyvalent alcohol, add and be equipped with in the reactor of agitator, thermometer, prolong and nitrogen conduit, start stirring, add tolylene diisocyanate, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of insulation reaction 3 hours, add aqueous functional monomer dimethylol propionic acid, and solubility promoter N methyl-2-pyrrolidone and catalyzer, insulation reaction 3 hours, make NCO content reach theoretical value scope under this reaction conditions, can measure by the routine measurement method; Be cooled to 70 ℃, add proper amount of acetone and regulate viscosity, stir after 5 minutes, add neutralizing agent, reacted 30 minutes. under stirring fast, performed polymer is added emulsification in the deionized water, add the compound chainextender of small molecule amine after 2 minutes, continue to stir one hour; 50 ℃ of decompressions remove acetone, obtain the translucent aqueous polyurethane dispersion WPU with blue-fluorescence, and its character is as follows:
Solid content: 43.1%; PH:7.0; Viscosity: 245mPa.s; Tensile strength: 29MPa.
Embodiment 3
Raw material:
150.0g polyester diol: molecular weight 2000
51.6g tolylene diisocyanate
5.0g1,3 propylene glycol
1.5g TriMethylolPropane(TMP)
9.30g dimethylol propionic acid
10.0gN methyl-2-pyrrolidone
0.3g dibutyl tin laurate
20.0g acetone
7.53g triethylamine
3.5g quadrol
1.2g diethylenetriamine
1.593 aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane
280.0g deionized water
The preparation method:
Under nitrogen protection, polyester diol and small molecules polyvalent alcohol, add and be equipped with in the reactor of agitator, thermometer, prolong and nitrogen conduit, start stirring, add tolylene diisocyanate, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of insulation reaction 3 hours, add aqueous functional monomer dimethylol propionic acid, and solubility promoter N-Methyl pyrrolidone and catalyzer, insulation reaction 3 hours, make NCO content reach theoretical value scope under this reaction conditions, can measure by the routine measurement method; Be cooled to 70 ℃, add proper amount of acetone and regulate viscosity, stir after 5 minutes, add neutralizing agent, reacted 30 minutes. under stirring fast, performed polymer is added emulsification in the deionized water, add the compound chainextender of small molecule amine after 2 minutes, continue to stir one hour; 50 ℃ of decompressions remove acetone, obtain the translucent aqueous polyurethane dispersion WPU with blue-fluorescence, and its character is as follows:
Solid content: 40%; PH:7.0; Viscosity: 215mPa.s; Tensile strength: 30MPa.
Embodiment 4
Raw material:
50.0g poly(propylene oxide) alcohol: molecular weight 2000
50.0g polytetrahydrofuran diol: molecular weight 2000
51.6g tolylene diisocyanate
5.0gl, 3 propylene glycol
1.5g TriMethylolPropane(TMP)
9.30g dimethylol propionic acid
10.0gN methyl-2-pyrrolidone
0.3g dibutyl tin laurate
20.0g acetone
7.53g triethylamine
3.5g quadrol
1.2g diethylenetriamine
1.593-aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane
280.0g deionized water
The preparation method:
Under nitrogen protection, poly(propylene oxide) alcohol, polytetrahydrofuran diol and small molecules polyvalent alcohol, add and be equipped with in the reactor of agitator, thermometer, prolong and nitrogen conduit, start stirring, add tolylene diisocyanate, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of insulation reaction 3 hours, add aqueous functional monomer dimethylol propionic acid, and solubility promoter N-Methyl pyrrolidone and catalyzer, insulation reaction 3 hours, make NCO content reach theoretical value scope under this reaction conditions, can measure by the routine measurement method; Be cooled to 70 ℃, add proper amount of acetone and regulate viscosity, stir after 5 minutes, add neutralizing agent, reacted 30 minutes. under stirring fast, performed polymer is added emulsification in the deionized water, add the compound chainextender of small molecule amine after 2 minutes, continue to stir one hour; 50 ℃ of decompressions remove acetone, obtain the translucent aqueous polyurethane dispersion WPU with blue-fluorescence, and its character is as follows: solid content: 40%; PH:7.0; Viscosity: 225mPa.s; Tensile strength: 28MPa.
Embodiment 5
Raw material:
50.0g poly(propylene oxide) alcohol: molecular weight 2000
50.0g polytetrahydrofuran diol: molecular weight 2000
65.8g isophorone diisocyanate
6.5g1,4 butyleneglycols
1.5g TriMethylolPropane(TMP)
9.0g dimethylol propionic acid
10.0gN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
0.3g dibutyl tin laurate
20.0g acetone
6.78g triethylamine
3.5g quadrol
1.2g diethylenetriamine
1.593-aminopropyl methyldiethoxysilane
280.0g deionized water
The preparation method:
Under nitrogen protection, poly(propylene oxide) alcohol, polytetrahydrofuran diol and small molecules polyvalent alcohol, add and be equipped with in the reactor of agitator, thermometer, prolong and nitrogen conduit, start stirring, add isophorone diisocyanate, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of insulation reaction 3 hours, add aqueous functional monomer dimethylol propionic acid, and solubility promoter N-Methyl pyrrolidone and catalyzer, insulation reaction 3 hours, make NCO content reach theoretical value scope under this reaction conditions, can measure by the routine measurement method; Be cooled to 70 ℃, add proper amount of acetone and regulate viscosity, stir after 5 minutes, add neutralizing agent, reacted 30 minutes. under stirring fast, performed polymer is added emulsification in the deionized water, add the compound chainextender of small molecule amine after 2 minutes, continue to stir one hour; 50 ℃ of decompressions remove acetone, obtain the translucent aqueous polyurethane dispersion WPU with blue-fluorescence, and its character is as follows:
Solid content: 42%; PH:7.0; Viscosity: 210mPa.s; Tensile strength: 32MPa.
Claims (7)
1. water-base polyurethane material, generate prepolymer by isocyanic ester and polyol reaction, described prepolymer and aqueous functional monomer react in the presence of solubility promoter, catalyzer, add the chainextender reaction in the product that generates and after the emulsification again and obtain described water-base polyurethane material, it is characterized in that the ratio of isocyanic ester total in described isocyanic ester and the polyol reaction system and total hydroxyl is controlled to be 1.5~2.5: 1; Described polyvalent alcohol is the mixture of the pure and mild small molecules polyvalent alcohol of macromolecular multi-component; Described chainextender is the mixture of diamine, polyamine and silane coupling agent.
2. water-base polyurethane material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described isocyanic ester be meant have phenyl, diisocyanate monomer and its dipolymer, the trimeric mixture of xenyl or naphthyl or contain the straight chain of 6~38 carbon atoms or ring-type diisocyanate monomer and its dipolymer, trimeric mixture; Described macromolecule polyol number-average molecular weight is 400~8000; The small molecules polyvalent alcohol is meant the small molecule monomer that contains two above hydroxyls.
3. water-base polyurethane material according to claim 2 is characterized in that described macromolecule polyol number-average molecular weight is 1000~4000.
4. water-base polyurethane material according to claim 1, the chain extension coefficient that it is characterized in that described chainextender is 0.5~1.1.
5. water-base polyurethane material according to claim 4, the chain extension coefficient that it is characterized in that described chainextender is 0.85~0.99.
6. the preparation method of the described water-base polyurethane material of claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A80~90 ℃ temperature, under the nitrogen protection condition, isocyanic ester and polyvalent alcohol carry out the polyurethane-reinforcement reaction, generate prepolymer;
B prepolymer and aqueous functional monomer carry out the hydrophilization reaction, add proper amount of solvent and catalyzer simultaneously;
C adds an amount of solubility promoter viscosity reduction, neutralization, and Yu Shuizhong disperses;
D adds the chainextender reaction.
7. the application of the described water-base polyurethane material of claim 1 is characterized in that being applied to prepare sports place, venue pavement material.
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