CN101009829A - Bit rate conversion coding method, conversion encoder, and integrated circuit for error accumulation - Google Patents

Bit rate conversion coding method, conversion encoder, and integrated circuit for error accumulation Download PDF

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CN101009829A
CN101009829A CN 200610004506 CN200610004506A CN101009829A CN 101009829 A CN101009829 A CN 101009829A CN 200610004506 CN200610004506 CN 200610004506 CN 200610004506 A CN200610004506 A CN 200610004506A CN 101009829 A CN101009829 A CN 101009829A
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value
quantization interval
unit
quantization
bit
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陈威甫
彭鸿文
郑如芸
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/40—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124—Quantisation
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    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
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    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/149—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by estimating the code amount by means of a model, e.g. mathematical model or statistical model
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/152—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
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    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
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    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/48—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using compressed domain processing techniques other than decoding, e.g. modification of transform coefficients, variable length coding [VLC] data or run-length data

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Abstract

一种转换编码装置，包含：将第一比特流译码的译码单元、估计在编码时可使用的比特数目的比特配置单元、根据估计出的比特数目计算出候选量化间距的量化间距计算单元、根据候选量化间距的值判断第二量化间距，并求出第二量化间距与第一量化间距的比例的量化间距调整器及根据该比例将译码后的数据移位的移位单元。而量化间距调整器设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且当候选量化间距不小于第一门限值时，将第二量化间距设为与第一临界值相同，而当候选量化间距小于第一门限值时，将第二量化间距设为与第一量化间距相同。

A transform coding device, comprising: a decoding unit for decoding a first bit stream, a bit configuration unit for estimating the number of bits available for encoding, and a quantization distance calculation unit for calculating candidate quantization distances based on the estimated number of bits . A quantization pitch adjuster for judging the second quantization pitch according to the value of the candidate quantization pitch, and calculating the ratio of the second quantization pitch to the first quantization pitch, and a shift unit for shifting the decoded data according to the ratio. The quantization interval adjuster sets a first critical value equal to 2 times the first quantization interval, and when the candidate quantization interval is not less than the first threshold value, the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first critical value, And when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval.

Description

Can and the bit rate transformation coding method of accumulated error, transcriber, and integrated circuit
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of transform coding device and method, be meant a kind of transform coding device and method that can reduce quantization error especially.
Background technology
When image must be stored to different device, or need on different device, to transmit, when playing, must convert image compression data to different-format (format) by a kind of transform coding device (transcoder), with specification or the frequency range that meets different device, for example: will change into the form of MPEG 4 with the data that MPEG 2 forms are encoded into.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, known a kind of transform coding device 10 is described in U.S. Patent number US6590936 B1, and the transform coding device 10 in this patent comprises decoding unit (decodingunit) Da1 and coding unit (encoding unit) Ea1.
This decoding unit Da1 comprises variable-length decoding unit (variable length decodingunit) 100, inverse quantization unit (inverse quantization unit) 101a, anti-discrete cosine converting unit (inverse discrete cosine transform unit) 102, adder (adder) 103 and frame memory (frame memory) 104.
This coding unit Ea1 comprises subtracter 105, discrete cosine transform unit (discrete cosinetransform unit) 106, quantifying unit (quantization unit) 152, inverse quantization unit 108, anti-discrete cosine converting unit 109, adder 110, frame memory 111, variable length code unit (variablelength encoding unit) 112 and speed control unit (rate control unit) 113.
And the quantifying unit 152 of this coding unit Ea1 comprises candidate's quantization step inference unit (candidate quantization step derivation unit) 250, quantization step inference unit (quantization step derivation unit) 252 and quantizer (quantizer) 201.
Coded data Eg1 inputs to the variable-length decoding unit 100 of this decoding unit Da1, and this coded data Eg1 encoded according to the first quantization step Qs1 originally in when coding.
And this variable-length decoding unit 100 is with the data Eg1 decoding that receives, to produce the data Vg after deciphering, and data Vg is again through after the computing of inverse quantization unit 101a execution inverse quantization, the data I Qg that handles is delivered to anti-discrete cosine converting unit 102, and this inverse quantization unit 101a also delivers to quantifying unit 152 with the first quantization step Qs1.
Anti-discrete cosine converting unit 102 will receive the data I Qg that is frequency domain (frequency domain) and convert a kind of data I Tg that is spatial domain (space domain) to.And adder 103 is data I Tg and its prediction data (prediction data) Mg1 addition, and the data that the Rg1 as a result after the addition is used as after deciphering are delivered to coding unit Ea1, and the Rg1 as a result after the addition is also delivered to frame memory 104.And the data Rg1 that frame memory 104 storages are exported from adder 103 is used as prediction data Mg1.
The subtracter 105 calculated data Rg1 of coding unit Ea1 and the difference Dg of its prediction data Mg2, and will being the difference Dg of spatial domain, discrete cosine transform unit 106 converts frequency domain information Tg to, quantifying unit 152 then quantizes this frequency domain information Tg according to a quantization control signal Cq and this first quantization step Qs1 with the second quantization step Qs2, and the data Qg after having been quantized.
Data Qg after having quantized carries out inverse quantization via this inverse quantization unit 108 with this second quantization step Qs2, and the data I Qg2 behind the inverse quantization is delivered to anti-discrete cosine converting unit 109 handle, to obtain data I Tg2, and after data I Tg2 followed its predict data Mg2 via adder 110 additions, the data Rg2 after the addition delivered to frame memory 111 and stores.
And the data Qg after quantifying unit 152 quantifications is again via behind variable length coder 112 codings, they promptly be the coded data Eg2 that finishes at last, and the form of this coded data Eg2 is different with the form of the coded data Eg1 that inputs to this transform coding device 10 at first.Speed control unit 113 then is the coding situation according to coded data Eg2, calculates target bit (target numberof bits) to produce corresponding quantization control signal Cq.
It should be noted that this quantifying unit 152 is to carry out quantification through a series of action, the start situation is as follows in detail: candidate's quantization step Qsb is judged according to this quantization control signal Cq in candidate's quantization step inference unit of quantifying unit 152 250.This quantization step inference unit 252 then determines this second quantization step Qs2 according to this candidate's quantization step Qsb and the first quantization step Qs1.This quantizer 201 quantizes data Tg with this second quantization step Qs2 that this quantization step inference unit 252 is reasoned out again.
With reference to figure 2～3, and the mode that this quantization step inference unit 252 determines this second quantization step Qs2 according to this candidate's quantization step Qsb and the first quantization step Qs1 is with this candidate's quantization step Qsb and thresholding quantization step Qth (=1.5 * Qs1) and fixedly multiple (constant multiple) quantization step Qmu (=2 * Qs1) comparisons.And at this candidate's quantization step Qsb (Qsb＜Qth), the value of setting this second quantization step Qs2 is identical with this first quantization step Qs1 during less than this thresholding quantization step Qth; And when Qth≤Qsb≤Qmu, the value of setting this second quantization step Qs2 is Qmu (=2 * Qs1); And at this candidate's quantization step Qsb fixedly (Qsb＞Qmu), the value of setting this second quantization step Qs2 is the value of this candidate's quantization step Qsb during multiple quantization step Qmu greater than this.
And this known quantization step inference unit 252 according to the reason of this second quantization step of mode inference Qs2 of Fig. 3 is because bit rate (bit rate) and the inverse (1/quantization error) of quantization error have the relation of Fig. 4.The representative of solid line among Fig. 4 is to view data during with quantization step QPi direct coding (direct coding), the quantization error inverse that produces under different bit rates; And after on behalf of data of having encoded with quantization step QPi, the dotted line among Fig. 4 pass through quantization step QPi inverse quantization again, when carrying out transform coding flow process (transcoding process) with quantization step QPr, the quantization error inverse that under different bits, produces.
Shown in the solid line of Fig. 4, in general, the function of bit and quantization error inverse is being that direct coding under the parameter (direct coding) almost is linear with the quantization step.But shown in the dotted line of Fig. 4, the function of bit and quantization error inverse with the quantization step be under the parameter again transform coding (transcoding) be not to be linear.And it should be noted that when QPi＜QPr＜2 * Qpi the error maximum of solid line and dotted line; And when QPi 〉=QPr or QPr 〉=2 * QPi, the difference of solid line and dotted line is very little, almost overlap, and when especially it should be noted that QPr=2 * Qpi, the difference of solid line and dotted line is very little.
Therefore.Known transform coding device 10 is according to the statistical property of Fig. 4, and (2 * Qs1) time, the value of setting the second quantization step Qs2 is Qs1 or 2 * Qs1 less than 2 times of first quantization step at candidate's quantization step Qsb; And when candidate's quantization step Qsb is not less than 2 * Qs1, do not adjust, the value of promptly setting the second quantization step Qs2 equals the value of candidate's quantization step Qsb.And can obtain as shown in Figure 3 result.
But known this transform coding device 10 also reckons without bits proportion (bit ratio) and the relation of quantization step.Consult another U.S. Pat 6208688 B1, this patent description is under general situation, and the statistical property relation of bits proportion and quantization step has the relation of Fig. 5.Fig. 5 is to be 8 times at the first quantization step Qs1, when candidate's quantization step Qsb changes, and the situation that bits proportion changes.And can find that by Fig. 5 under different candidate's quantization step Qsb, bits proportion roughly is divided into two grades, and between these two different brackets, the fast-changing slope of a bits proportion section is arranged, and be positioned at candidate's quantization step Qsb of each grade, bits proportion to each other is approximate.
Relation at this key diagram 5 of giving an example, for convenience of explanation, earlier Fig. 5 is simplified to schematic diagram shown in Figure 6, as previously mentioned, during greater than 2 * Qs1, directly the value of the second quantization step Qs2 is set to identical with the value of candidate's quantization step Qsb known transform coding device 10 at candidate's quantization step Qsb.But in general, because 2 * Qs1 (as the circle on Fig. 6) with all be the bits proportion that is positioned at same grade in fact greater than candidate's quantization step Qsb (as the triangle on Fig. 6) of 2 * Qs1, so in order to satisfy the situation of Fig. 4 simultaneously, the value of candidate's quantization step Qsb should be chosen to be 2 * Qs1, the comparable thus known transform coding device 10 selected second quantization step Qs2 are little, and obtain less quantization error.
And the statistical relationship between bits proportion and the quantization step may in Fig. 7, mainly be by two the fast-changing slope of bits proportion sections as shown in Figure 7 also, and fall into three classes bits proportion (level).For convenience of explanation, will be positioned at the lowermost point of these two slope sections orders respectively and is Qc1 and Qc2.And by statistical relationship as can be known, in general, 2 * Qs1 is between Qc1 and Qc2.If when Qc1≤Qsb＜Qc2, because Qsb and Qc1 have approximate bits proportion, and satisfy simultaneously under the situation of Fig. 4, so should select the value of the second quantization step Qs2 is 2 * Qs1, but not equal Qsb as the known Qs2 of selection, to reach under the not serious prerequisite that influences bits proportion, quantization step is reduced.In addition, when Qsb＞Qc2, because Qsb and Qc2 have approximate bits proportion and because the bits proportion of Qc2 little than 2 * Qs1, so should not select the second quantization step Qs2 to equal Qsb, and should select Qs2 to equal Qc2 as known.
Therefore, known transform coding device 10 is because only consider the relation of quantization step and quantization error, and do not consider the relation of quantization step and bits proportion, so quantization error is further reduced.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of transformation coding method that can judge the second suitable quantization step.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of transform coding device that can lower quantization error.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of during at transform coding, can lower the integrated circuit (IC) of quantization error.
Therefore, transform coding device of the present invention is applicable to and converts first bit stream to second bit stream, and this first bit stream is according to the result behind first quantization step coding.And this transform coding device comprises quantization step adjuster, decoding unit, coding unit, quantization step computing unit, shift unit and bit configuration unit.And the quantization step adjuster comprises analytic unit and quantization step decision unit.
And the employed transformation coding method of this transform coding device comprises following steps:
Step (A), decoding unit is with this first bit stream decoding.
Step (B), next input unit of bit configuration unit estimation is spendable bit number when coding.
Step (C), the quantization step computing unit calculates candidate's quantization step according to the bit number that estimates.
Step (D), quantization step adjuster are judged one second quantization step according to the value of this candidate's quantization step, and obtain the ratio of this second quantization step and this first quantization step, and judge that the method for this second quantization step comprises following substep:
Substep (D-1), analytic unit is set first critical value that a size equals 2 times of first quantization step, and dynamically determines one first threshold value according to this first critical value and the actual situation of using.
Whether substep (D-2), quantization step determine this candidate's quantization step of unit judges more than or equal to this first threshold value, if, then jump to substep (D-4), if not, then jump to substep (D-3).
Substep (D-3), quantization step decision unit is made as the value of this second quantization step identical with this first quantization step.
Substep (D-4), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this first critical value.
Step (E), the ratio value that shift unit draws according to step (D) is done displacement with the data after step (A) decoding.
Step (F), the digital coding after coding unit will be shifted is to obtain this second bit stream.
And the step in the above-mentioned transformation coding method (D) also can comprise following substep:
Substep (D-1), analytic unit is set first critical value that a size equals 2 times of first quantization step, and dynamically determines one first threshold value according to this first critical value and the actual situation of using.
Whether substep (D-2), quantization step determine this candidate's quantization step of unit judges more than or equal to this first threshold value, if, then jump to substep (D-3), if not, then jump to substep (D-5).
Substep (D-3), analytic unit are analyzed the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, judging whether second critical value greater than this first critical value, if, then jump to substep (D-4), if not, then jump to substep (D-6); And in substep (D-3), the mode that judges whether this second critical value is to judge in the relation of this bits proportion and quantization step, whether have the bits proportion of another grade, and the bits proportion of this another grade is less than the grade at this first critical value place, if have, represent that then this second critical value exists.
Substep (D-4), it is identical with 4 times of first quantization step that the size of this second critical value of analytic unit is set to, and dynamically determine one second threshold value according to this second critical value and the actual situation of using, and by the value of this candidate's quantization step of quantization step decision unit judges whether more than or equal to this second threshold value, if, then jump to substep (D-7), if not, then jump to substep (D-6).
Substep (D-5), quantization step decision unit is made as the value of this second quantization step identical with this first quantization step.
Substep (D-6), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this first critical value.
Substep (D-7), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this second critical value.
Integrated circuit of the present invention comprises above-mentioned said decoding unit, bit configuration unit, quantization step computing unit, quantization step adjuster, shift unit and coding unit.And this integrated circuit receives this first bit stream, and converts this first bit stream to this second bit stream output.
Another kind of integrated circuit of the present invention comprises above-mentioned said bit configuration unit, quantization step computing unit and quantization step adjuster.And be applicable to the data that receive after this first bit stream is deciphered.
In addition, transform coding device of the present invention also can comprise quantization step adjuster, decoding unit, coding unit, quantization step computing unit, inverse quantization unit, quantifying unit and bit configuration unit.And the same, this quantization step adjuster is to comprise analytic unit and quantization step decision unit.
And the employed transformation coding method of this transform coding device comprises following steps:
Step (a), decoding unit is with this first bit stream decoding.
Step (b), the data after inverse quantization unit will be deciphered are carried out inverse quantization and are handled.
Step (c), next input unit of bit configuration unit estimation is spendable bit number when coding.
Step (d), the quantization step computing unit calculates candidate's quantization step according to the bit number that estimates.
Step (e), quantization step adjuster are judged one second quantization step according to the value of this candidate's quantization step, and the method for judging comprises following substep:
Substep (e-1), analytic unit is analyzed the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, to determine one first critical value, and dynamically determine one first threshold value according to this first critical value and the actual situation of using, be set to identical and the mode that determines this first critical value is the numerical value of this first critical value with the quantization step that in the bits proportion scope of second largest grade, has minimum value, if but this first critical value under this sets less than 2 times of first quantization step, it is identical then this first critical value directly to be changed the value that is made as with 2 times of first quantization step.
Whether substep (e-2), quantization step determine this candidate's quantization step of unit judges more than or equal to this first threshold value, if, then jump to substep (e-4), if not, then jump to substep (e-3).
Substep (e-3), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this first quantization step.
Substep (e-4), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this first critical value.
Step (f), quantifying unit is carried out quantification treatment with the data of this second quantization step after to inverse quantization.
Step (g), the digital coding after coding unit will quantize is to obtain this second bit stream.
And the step in the above-mentioned transformation coding method (e) also can comprise following substep:
Substep (e-1), analytic unit is analyzed the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, to determine one first critical value, and dynamically determine one first threshold value according to this first critical value and the actual situation of using, be made as identical and the mode that determines this first critical value is a numerical value with this first critical value with the quantization step that in the bits proportion scope of second largest grade, has minimum value, if but this first critical value under this sets less than 2 times of first quantization step, it is identical then this first critical value directly to be changed the value that is made as with 2 times of first quantization step.
Whether substep (e-2), quantization step determine this candidate's quantization step of unit judges more than or equal to this first threshold value, if, then jump to substep (e-3), if not, then jump to substep (e-5).
Substep (e-3), analytic unit are analyzed the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, judging whether second critical value greater than this first critical value, if, then jump to substep (e-4), if not, then jump to substep (e-6); And in substep (e-3), the mode that judges whether this second critical value is to judge in the relation of this bits proportion and quantization step, whether have the bits proportion of another grade, and the bits proportion of this another grade is less than the grade at this first critical value place, if have, represent that then this second critical value exists, establish this second critical value for identical with the quantization step that in the bits proportion scope of this lower grade, has minimum value.
Substep (e-4), whether the value of this candidate's quantization step of quantization step decision unit judges is more than or equal to one second threshold value, if, then jump to substep (e-7), if not, then jump to substep (e-6), and this second threshold value to be analytic unit dynamically determine according to this second critical value and the actual situation of using.
Substep (e-5), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this first quantization step.
Substep (e-6), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this first critical value.
Substep (e-7), the value of this second quantization step of quantization step decision unit is set to identical with this second critical value.
Another kind of integrated circuit of the present invention comprises above-mentioned said quantization step adjuster, decoding unit, coding unit, quantization step computing unit, inverse quantization unit, quantifying unit and bit configuration unit.And this integrated circuit receives this first bit stream, and converts this first bit stream to this second bit stream output.
Another kind of integrated circuit of the present invention comprises above-mentioned said bit configuration unit, quantization step computing unit and quantization step adjuster.And be applicable to the data that receive after this first bit stream is deciphered.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of known transform coding device;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of known quantifying unit;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the relation of the known candidate's quantization step of explanation and second quantization step;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the relation of explanation bit and quantization error inverse;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the relation of explanation bits proportion and candidate's quantization step;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the relation of explanation bits proportion and candidate's quantization step;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the relation of explanation bits proportion and candidate's quantization step;
Fig. 8 is the circuit block diagram of first preferred embodiment of transform coding device of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of first preferred embodiment of transformation coding method of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of quantization step adjuster of first preferred embodiment of this transform coding device;
Figure 11 is the detail flowchart of step 24 of first preferred embodiment of this transformation coding method;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the relation of explanation bits proportion and candidate's quantization step;
Figure 13 illustrates when whether second critical value exists, the schematic diagram of the relation of the candidate's quantization step and second quantization step;
Figure 14 is the result who illustrates the method for carrying out first embodiment;
Figure 15 is the result who illustrates the method for carrying out first embodiment;
Figure 16 is the circuit block diagram of second preferred embodiment of transform coding device of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the flow chart of second preferred embodiment of transformation coding method of the present invention; And
Figure 18 is the detail flowchart of step 34 of second preferred embodiment of this transformation coding method.
Embodiment
About aforementioned and other technology contents, characteristics and effect of the present invention, with reference in two graphic DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED, can clearly present in following cooperation.
Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description content similarly assembly is to represent with identical numbering.
Referring to Fig. 8, first preferred embodiment of transform coding device of the present invention comprises quantization step adjuster (quantization step adjuster) 11, decoding unit (decoding unit) 12, coding unit (encoding unit) 13, quantization step computing unit (quantization step calculating unit) 14, inverse quantization unit (inverse quantization unit) 15, quantifying unit (quantization unit) 16 and bit configuration unit (bit allocation unit) 17.
And the start situation of these a plurality of unit 11～17 will illustrate one by one in conjunction with the method flow of Fig. 9.
Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the employed transformation coding method of transform coding device of this first preferred embodiment comprises following steps:
In step 21, this decoding unit 12 receives first bit stream that has been encoded (this first bit stream is according to the result behind the first quantization step Qs1 coding), and with this first bit stream decoding, and in the present embodiment, this decoding unit 12 is the modes that adopt variable-length decoding (variable lengthdecode), as: Huffman code (Huffman code).Data after this decoding unit 12 also will be deciphered are sent to this inverse quantization unit 15.
In step 22, this inverse quantization unit 15 is carried out the operation of inverse quantization according to this first quantization step Qs1 to the data that receive, and the data behind the inverse quantization are delivered to this quantifying unit 16.
In step 22, this bit configuration unit 17 is also according to the preposition information that receives, as: the set goal bit rate (target bitrate), unit-sized to be processed (as: size of next input macro zone block (macro-block) or the size of next frame), and the original bit, the frame per second information such as (frame rate) that are comprised in first bit stream, estimate next input unit, as: macro zone block, at spendable bit number of when coding, and results estimated delivered to quantization step computing unit 14.And because bit configuration unit 17 employed evaluation methods are prior art, so do not repeat them here.
In step 23, the target bit that quantization step computing unit 14 estimates according to bit configuration unit 17, calculated candidate quantization step Qsb.And because quantization step computing unit 14 employed evaluation methods are prior art, so do not repeat them here.
In step 24, quantization step adjuster 11 obtains second a suitable quantization step Qs2 according to the candidate's quantization step Qsb and the first quantization step Qs1 that step 23 draws.And the detailed step of adjusting will be in narration in detail more after a while.
In step 25, the data that the second quantization step Qs2 that quantifying unit 16 is obtained with step 24 handles inverse quantization unit 15 are carried out quantification treatment.
In step 26, the data after 13 pairs of quantifying unit of coding unit 16 quantize are encoded to obtain second bit stream.In the present embodiment, encode in the mode of variable length code.
Referring to Figure 10, and this quantization step adjuster 11 comprises analytic unit (analyzing unit) 111 and quantization step decision unit (quantization step deciding unit) 112.And the operational scenario of this Unit two 111,112 will illustrate together in conjunction with the method flow of Figure 11.
Referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11, determine the method for the second quantization step Qs2 to comprise following substep in step 24:
At substep 240, analytic unit 111 receives the value of the first quantization step Qs1, and analyzes the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, determining one first critical value Qc1, and determines one first threshold value Qth1 simultaneously.
Analytic unit 111 determines that the mode of the first critical value Qc1 is as follows: according to the statistical relationship of bits proportion and quantization step, under different candidate's quantization step Qsb, bits proportion has two different brackets (level) at least, and it is approximate to be positioned at candidate's quantization step Qsb bits proportion value to each other of same grade.The numerical value of this first critical value Qc1 then be set to identical with the quantization step that in the bits proportion scope of second largest grade, has minimum value.
But it should be noted that if according to this setting this first critical value Qc1 can be less than 2 times of first quantization step, in order to meet the situation of Fig. 4, the first critical value Qc1 directly changed be made as that (2 * Qs1) value is identical with 2 times of first quantization step.In fact, the possible case of the first critical value Qc1 can be more than or equal to 2 times of first quantization step.
After determining this first critical value Qc1, this analytic unit 111 further dynamically determines one first threshold value Qth1 according to this first critical value Qc1 and the actual situation (as the bit compression situation) of using.As: when the bit compression situation does not reach expection, the numerical value of this first threshold value Qth1 can be turned down.But it should be noted that this first threshold value Qth1 can not and need greater than this first quantization step Qs1 greater than this first critical value Qc1.
At substep 241, quantization step decision unit 112 receives candidate's quantization step Qsb that this quantization step computing unit 14 transmits, and judges that whether candidate's quantization step Qsb is more than or equal to this first threshold value Qth1.If, then jump to substep 242, if not, then jump to substep 244.
At substep 242, analytic unit 111 is analyzed the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, to judge whether second a critical value Qc2 greater than this first critical value Qc1.If, then jump to substep 243, if not, then jump to substep 245.
With reference to Figure 10～12, this analytic unit 111 judges whether that the method for this second critical value Qc2 is to judge in the relation of this bits proportion and quantization step, under different candidate's quantization step Qsb, whether have the bits proportion of another grade, and the bits proportion of this another grade is less than the grade at this first critical value Qc1 place.If have, represent that then the second critical value Qc2 exists, and the numerical value of this second critical value Qc2 is set to identical with the quantization step that has minimum value in the bits proportion scope of this lower grade.
At substep 243, whether the value that candidate's quantization step Qsb is judged in quantization step decision unit 112 more than or equal to one second threshold value Qth2, if, then jump to substep 246, if not, then jump to substep 245.And this second threshold value Qth2 dynamically determines according to this second critical value Qc2 and the actual situation (as: compression scenario) of using.It should be noted that this second threshold value Qth2 can not be greater than this second critical value Qc2, can not be less than this first critical value Qc1.
At substep 244, the value of quantization step decision unit 112 second quantization step Qs2 is set to identical with the value of this first quantization step Qs1.
At substep 245, the value of quantization step decision unit 112 second quantization step Qs2 is set to identical with the first critical value Qc1.
At substep 246, the value of quantization step decision unit 112 second quantization step Qs2 is set to identical with the second critical value Qc2.
It should be noted that in substep 242, also can set up the relation table or the graph of a relation (as Figure 12) of a quantization step and bits proportion earlier, and in this step 243, judgement is directly finished in the mode of tabling look-up or look into figure in this quantization step decision unit 112.
In above-mentioned flow process, set up the purpose of this first threshold value Qth1 to be used for promptly judging that the second quantization step Qs2 should be set to equate with the first critical value Qc1 or the value of the first quantization step Qs1; And the purpose of the second threshold value Qth2 is used for promptly judging that the second quantization step Qs2 should be set to equate with the first critical value Qc1 or the second critical value Qc2.
It should be noted that, the mode of dynamically adjusting this first threshold value Qth1 size be as: when the bit compression situation does not reach when expection, the numerical value of this first threshold value Qth1 can be turned down, so, this second quantization step Qs2 is set to the chance identical with the first critical value Qc1 can be increased than being set to the chance identical with the first quantization step Qs1, and make this second quantization step Qs2 bigger than this first quantization step Qs1, to reach higher bit compression rate, in like manner, also can adjust this second threshold value Qth2 according to identical reason.
In sum, will be under different candidate's quantization step Qsb, the value of the second quantization step Qs2 is put in order as shown in figure 13.The left side of Figure 13 is the situation that exists as the second critical value Qc2.In this case, when Qsb＜Qth1, Qs2=Qs1 then; And as Qth1≤Qsb＜Qth2, then Qs2=Qc1; And when Qsb 〉=Qth2, Qs2=Qc2 then.The right-hand part of Figure 13 then is the situation that does not have the second critical value Qc2 to exist.In this case, when Qsb＜Qth1, Qs2=Qs1 then; And as Qth1≤Qsb, then Qs2=Qc1.
In addition, in the above-mentioned flow process of the several simple case aid illustration of this measure, with reference to Figure 14, suppose to have candidate's quantization step Qsb (being the triangle on Figure 14) greater than the first threshold value Qth1, and not having the second critical value Qc2 this moment exists, then carrying out the result of above-mentioned steps 240,241,242,245 in regular turn, is the first critical value Qc1 (being the filled circles on Figure 14) with the value of setting the second quantization step Qs2, just the triangle on Figure 14 is sorted out the filled circles to Figure 14.In example as shown in figure 15, suppose to have the existence of the second critical value Qc2, and suppose that candidate's quantization step Qsb is the rhombus on Figure 15, then carry out the result of above-mentioned steps 240～243,245 in regular turn, the value of the second quantization step Qs2 should be Qc1.That is to say that rhombus should be sorted out to filled circles; If but candidate's quantization step Qsb is the triangle on Figure 15, then carry out the result of above-mentioned steps 240～243,246 in regular turn, the value of the second quantization step Qs2 should be Qc2.That is to say that triangle should be sorted out to open circles.
The analytic unit 111 of Fig. 8 and Figure 10, quantization step decision unit 112, decoding unit 12, coding unit 13, quantization step computing unit 14, inverse quantization unit 15, quantifying unit 16 and bit configuration unit 17 all are be that unit is in the execution computing with a macro zone block (macroblock), but the present invention is not limited thereto, can be unit with a frame (frame) or a fragment (slice) also.It should be noted that, after the macro zone block of first input is carried out the step of Figure 11 in regular turn, determined the numerical values recited of the first critical value Qc1, the second critical value Qc2, the first threshold value Qth1 and the second threshold value Qth2, each macro zone block of input then, when repeating the flow process of Figure 11, not necessarily to recalculate the corresponding first critical value Qc1, the second critical value Qc2, the first threshold value Qth1 and the second threshold value Qth2.And can continue to continue to use the numerical value that calculates for the first time, to accelerate arithmetic speed.In like manner, when transform coding device of the present invention or transformation coding method have calculated suitable first, second critical value Qc1, Qc2 and first, second threshold value Qth1, Qth2 to the bit stream of input for the first time, then after the numerical value that calculated before also can continuing to use of the bit stream of input again.
In addition, it is pointed out that because first embodiment is a kind of device of transform coding fast, thus unlike the transform coding device more than 10 of prior art some anti-discrete cosine converting units 102,109, discrete cosine transform unit 106 etc.But should be noted that, also can add these members commonly used in the transform coding device of first embodiment, as: anti-discrete cosine converting unit 102,109, discrete cosine transform unit 106, or even the present motion compensation unit (motion compensating unit) used always of on the market transform coding device etc., with the effect of further enhancement transform coding device of the present invention.But because these members commonly used are not the emphasis of the present invention's improvement, so do not repeat them here.
Integrated circuit of the present invention is applicable to and receives this first bit stream, and convert this first bit stream the output of to this second bit stream, and this integrated circuit comprises the decoding unit 12 described in first embodiment, inverse quantization unit 15, bit configuration unit 17, quantization step computing unit 14, quantization step adjuster 11, quantifying unit 16 and coding unit 13.
In addition, integrated circuit of the present invention also can only comprise the bit configuration unit 17 described in first embodiment, quantization step computing unit 14 and quantization step adjuster 11, and receives the data after this first bit stream decoding.
Should be noted that, for the speed of the transform coding device that further promotes first embodiment and help the making of product, also the first critical value Qc1 among first embodiment directly can be set at 2 * Qs1, and when the second critical value Qc2 is arranged, the second critical value Qc2 directly is set at 4 * Qs1.In this case, the transform coding device of first embodiment then can be simplified, and obtains the described result of following second embodiment.
Referring to Figure 16, second preferred embodiment of transform coding device of the present invention comprises quantization step adjuster 11, decoding unit 12, coding unit 13, quantization step computing unit 14, bit configuration unit 17 and shift unit 18 (bit shifting unit).
Because this decoding unit 12, coding unit 13, quantization step computing unit 14, bit configuration unit 17 and first embodiment are similar, so do not repeat them here.Consult Figure 10 and Figure 16, the quantization step adjuster 11 of second embodiment is also similar with first embodiment, but different is, the quantization step decision unit 112 of second embodiment also draws the ratio value (ratio) of the second quantization step Qs2 and the first quantization step Qs1 except the value that determines the second quantization step Qs2.
Referring to Figure 16 and Figure 17, the employed transformation coding method of second preferred embodiment of transform coding device is to comprise following steps:
In step 31, this decoding unit 12 receives first bit stream that has been encoded (this first bit stream is according to the result behind the first quantization step Qs1 coding), and with this first bit stream decoding, and the data after will deciphering (being the discrete cosine transform coefficient) are sent to shift unit 18.
In step 32, next input unit spendable bit number when coding is estimated according to the information that is comprised in the preposition information that receives and first bit stream in this bit configuration unit 17, and results estimated is delivered to quantization step computing unit 14.
In step 33, the bit number that quantization step computing unit 14 estimates according to bit configuration unit 17, calculated candidate quantization step Qsb.
In step 34, quantization step adjuster 11 analyzes the second suitable quantization step Qs2, and learns the ratio of the second quantization step Qs2 and this first quantization step Qs1, and with ratio (1 or 2 or 4), delivers to shift unit 18.The detailed process of step 34 will be in narration in detail more after a while.
In step 35, the ratio value that shift unit 18 transmits according to quantization step adjuster 11 is done displacement with step 31 decoding back and the discrete cosine transform coefficient that is binary form.If that is: ratio value is 2 (promptly the second quantization step Qs2 is 2 times of the first quantization step Qs1), the discrete cosine transform coefficient that then will be binary form moves right 1; And if ratio value is 4 (promptly the second quantization step Qs2 is 4 times of the first quantization step Qs1), the discrete cosine transform coefficient that then will be binary form moves right 2; If but ratio value is 1 (promptly the second quantization step Qs2 equals the first quantization step Qs1), then shift unit 18 is not handled, and the discrete cosine transform coefficient that originally receives is directly delivered to coding unit 13.
In step 36, the data that this coding unit 13 is sent shift unit 18 here are encoded, to obtain second bit stream.
With reference to Figure 10 and 18, determine the method for the ratio of the second quantization step Qs2 and the first quantization step Qs1 to comprise following substep in step 34:
At substep 340, the size that analytic unit 111 is set one first critical value Qc1 equals 2 times of first quantization step, and dynamically determines one first threshold value Qth1 according to this first critical value Qc1 and the actual situation of using.
At substep 341, quantization step decision unit 112 judges that according to candidate's quantization step Qsb that this quantization step computing unit 14 transmits whether candidate's quantization step Qsb is more than or equal to this first threshold value Qth1.If, then jump to substep 342, if not, then jump to substep 344.
At substep 342, analytic unit 111 is analyzed the relation of bits proportion and quantization step, exists to judge whether the second critical value Qc2 that a step 242 that meets first embodiment is carried.If have, then jump to substep 343, if do not have, then jump to substep 345.
At substep 343, analytic unit 111 second critical value Qc2 are set to 4 times of first quantization step, and unlike the first embodiment group.In this substep 343, analytic unit 111 also dynamically determines one second threshold value Qth2 according to this second critical value Qc2 and the actual situation of using.And judge that by this quantization step decision unit 112 whether the value of candidate's quantization step Qsb is more than or equal to the second threshold value Qth2.If, then jump to substep 346, if not, then jump to substep 345.Should be noted that, can not be at this second threshold value Qth2 greater than this second critical value Qc2, can not be less than this first critical value Qc1.
At substep 344, the value of quantization step decision unit 112 second quantization step Qs2 is set to identical with the first quantization step Qs1, and learns the ratio of the second quantization step Qs2 and the first quantization step Qs1, is 1.
At substep 345, the value of quantization step decision unit 112 second quantization step Qs2 is set to that (=2 * Qs1) is identical with the first critical value Qc1.And learn and the ratio of the second quantization step Qs2 and the first quantization step Qs1 be 2.
At substep 346, the value of quantization step decision unit 112 second quantization step Qs2 is set to that (=4 * Qs1) is identical with the second critical value Qc2.And learn and the ratio of the second quantization step Qs2 and the first quantization step Qs1 be 4.
Should be noted that, similar with first embodiment, after the macro zone block of first input is carried out the step of Figure 18 in regular turn, determined the numerical values recited of the first threshold value Qth1 and the second threshold value Qth2, each macro zone block of input then, when repeating the flow process of Figure 18, not necessarily to recalculate the corresponding first threshold value Qth1 and the second threshold value Qth2.And can continue to continue to use the numerical value that calculates for the first time, to accelerate arithmetic speed.In like manner, when transform coding device of the present invention or transformation coding method had calculated suitable first, second threshold value Qth1, Qth2 to the bit stream of input for the first time, the bit stream of input also can be continued to use the numerical value that has calculated before this more afterwards.
Integrated circuit of the present invention also can comprise the decoding unit 12 described in second embodiment, bit configuration unit 17, quantization step computing unit 14, quantization step adjuster 11, shift unit 18 and coding unit 13.
In addition, integrated circuit of the present invention also can only comprise the bit configuration unit 17 described in second embodiment, quantization step computing unit 14 and quantization step adjuster 11, and receives the data after this first bit stream decoding.
In addition, should be noted that quantization step adjuster 11 of the present invention not necessarily will be used for the transform coding device,, can be suitable for so long as the place that needs to carry out quantification treatment is arranged.In like manner, quantization step method of adjustment of the present invention also not necessarily will be used for the flow process of transform coding.
In sum, the present invention has first and second preferred embodiment of the transform coding device of this quantization step adjuster 11, except considering the relation between bit and quantization error, also the bits proportion key element is added consideration together, therefore have less quantization error than prior art.And in a second embodiment, because set the first threshold value Qc1 and the second threshold value Qc2 is respectively 2 * Qs1 and 4 * Qs1, so the ratio of the second quantization step Qs2 and the first quantization step Qs1 all is 2 multiple, so only need replace inverse quantization unit 15 and the quantifying unit 16 of first embodiment with a shift unit 18, and quantize again behind the data inverse quantization that does not need to have deciphered.
The above person of thought, only for the present invention's preferred embodiment, when the scope that can not limit the invention process with this, promptly the simple equivalent of being done according to the present patent application claim and invention description content generally changes and modifies, and all still belongs in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.

Claims (78)

1.一种转换编码方法，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码方法包含以下步骤：1. A transcoding method, adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, and the first bitstream is the result of coding according to the first quantization interval, the transcoding method comprising the following steps: 步骤(A)，将该第一比特流解码；Step (A), decoding the first bit stream; 步骤(B)，估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目；Step (B), estimating the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding; 步骤(C)，根据估计出的比特数目，计算出候选量化间距；Step (C), calculating the candidate quantization interval according to the estimated number of bits; 步骤(D)，根据该候选量化间距的值，判断出第二量化间距，并求出该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值，而判断该第二量化间距的方法包括以下子步骤：Step (D), judge the second quantization interval according to the value of the candidate quantization interval, and obtain the ratio value of the second quantization interval and the first quantization interval, and the method for judging the second quantization interval includes the following subsections: step: 子步骤(D-1)，设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值；Sub-step (D-1), setting a first critical value equal to 2 times the first quantization interval, and dynamically determining a first threshold value according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions; 子步骤(D-2)，判断该候选量化间距是否大于或等于该第一门限值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(D-4)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(D-3)；Sub-step (D-2), judge whether this candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to this first threshold value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (D-4), if not, then skip to sub-step (D-3 ); 子步骤(D-3)，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；及Sub-step (D-3), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first quantization interval; and 子步骤(D-4)，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一临界值相同；Sub-step (D-4), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first critical value; 步骤(E)，根据步骤(D)得出的比例值，将步骤(A)译码后的数据做移位；及Step (E), shifting the decoded data in step (A) according to the ratio obtained in step (D); and 步骤(F)，将步骤(E)处理后的数据编码以得到该第二比特流。Step (F), encoding the data processed in step (E) to obtain the second bit stream. 2.根据权利要求1所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(D-1)中的该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。2. The transcoding method according to claim 1, wherein the first threshold value in the sub-step (D-1) cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval. 3.根据权利要求2所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(D-1)中的该第一门限值是根据比特压缩情形动态地决定的，且当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，则将该第一门限值的数值调低。3. The transcoding method according to claim 2, wherein, the first threshold value in the sub-step (D-1) is dynamically determined according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not reach expectations, Then the numerical value of the first threshold value is lowered. 4.根据权利要求1所述的转换编码方法，其中，在步骤(E)中，如果比例值为2，则将译码后的数据向右移1位，并且如果比例值为1，则不进行移位。4. The transformation coding method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (E), if the ratio value is 2, then the decoded data is shifted to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, then no Do the shift. 5.根据权利要求1所述的转换编码方法，其中，步骤(B)是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。5. The transcoding method according to claim 1, wherein, step (B) is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate contained in the first bit stream , to estimate the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding. 6.一种转换编码装置，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码装置包含：6. A transcoding device adapted to convert a first bit stream into a second bit stream, and the first bit stream is the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding device comprising: 译码单元，用于用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，用于与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的位数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit, configured to be electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculate candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出第一门限值；The analysis unit is configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and set a first critical value equal to twice the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine the first gate according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions limit value; 量化间距决定单元，用于与该量化间距计算单元及该分析单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一量化间距相同；且得到该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值；A quantization interval determination unit, configured to be electrically connected to the quantization interval calculation unit and the analysis unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, set the second quantization interval to be equal to the second quantization interval a critical value is the same; and when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; and the second quantization interval and the first quantization interval are obtained The scale value of the spacing; 移位单元，用于与该量化间距决定单元及该译码单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元求出的比例值将该译码单元译码后的数据做移位；及a shift unit, configured to be electrically connected to the quantization distance determination unit and the decoding unit, and to shift the data decoded by the decoding unit according to the ratio value calculated by the quantization distance determination unit; and 编码单元，用于与该移位单元电连接，并将该移位单元处理后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。The encoding unit is configured to be electrically connected to the shifting unit, and encode the data processed by the shifting unit to obtain the second bit stream. 7.根据权利要求6所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，会限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。7. The transcoding device according to claim 6, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, it will restrict the first threshold value not to be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first threshold value Quantify spacing. 8.根据权利要求7所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元是根据比特压缩情形来动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，则该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。8. The transcoding device according to claim 7, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit will The numerical value of the first threshold is lowered. 9.根据权利要求6所述的转换编码装置，其中，如果比例值为2，该移位单元则将译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，则不进行移位。9. The transform encoding device according to claim 6, wherein, if the ratio value is 2, the shift unit shifts the decoded data to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, no shift is performed . 10.依据申请专利范围第6项所述之转换编码装置，其中，该比特配置单元是根据预期的目标比特、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。10. According to the transcoding device described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, the bit configuration unit is based on the expected target bit, the size of the input unit to be processed, and the original bit and frame included in the first bit stream rate to estimate the number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 11.一种转换编码方法，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码方法包含以下步骤：11. A transcoding method, adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, and the first bitstream is the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding method comprising the following steps: 步骤(A)，将该第一比特流解码；Step (A), decoding the first bit stream; 步骤(B)，估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目；Step (B), estimating the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding; 步骤(C)，根据估计出的比特数目，计算出候选量化间距；Step (C), calculating the candidate quantization interval according to the estimated number of bits; 步骤(D)，根据该候选量化间距的值，判断出第二量化间距，并求出该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例，而判断该第二量化间距的方法包括以下子步骤：Step (D), judge the second quantization interval according to the value of the candidate quantization interval, and obtain the ratio of the second quantization interval to the first quantization interval, and the method for judging the second quantization interval includes the following sub-steps : 子步骤(D-1)，设定大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定第一门限值；Sub-step (D-1), setting a first critical value equal to 2 times the first quantization interval, and dynamically determining the first threshold value according to the first critical value and the actual use situation; 子步骤(D-2)，判断该候选量化间距是否大于或等于该第一门限值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(D-3)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(D-5)；Sub-step (D-2), judge whether this candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to this first threshold value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (D-3), if not, then skip to sub-step (D-5 ); 子步骤(D-3)，分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断是否有一个大于该第一临界值的第二临界值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(D-4)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(D-6)；且在子步骤(D-3)中，判断是否有该第二临界值的方式是判断该比特比例与量化间距的关系中，是否存在有另一等级的比特比例，且此另一等级的比特比例小于该第一临界值所在之等级，如果有，则表示该第二临界值存在；Sub-step (D-3), analyze the relationship between bit ratio and quantization interval, to judge whether there is a second critical value greater than the first critical value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (D-4), if not , then skip to sub-step (D-6); and in sub-step (D-3), the way to judge whether there is the second critical value is to judge whether there is another The bit ratio of the class, and the bit ratio of this other class is smaller than the class where the first critical value is located, if there is, it means that the second critical value exists; 子步骤(D-4)，将该第二临界值的大小设为与4倍第一量化间距相同，且根据该第二临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定第二门限值，并判断该候选量化间距的值是否大于或等于该第二门限值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(D-7)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(D-6)；Sub-step (D-4), the size of the second critical value is set to be the same as 4 times the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine the second threshold value according to the second critical value and the actual use situation, and determine the Whether the value of the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, if yes, then skip to substep (D-7), if not, then skip to substep (D-6); 子步骤(D-5)，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一量化间距相同；及Sub-step (D-5), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first quantization interval; and 子步骤(D-6)，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一临界值相同；Sub-step (D-6), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first critical value; 子步骤(D-7)，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第二临界值相同；Sub-step (D-7), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the second critical value; 步骤(E)，根据步骤(D)得出的比例值，将步骤(A)译码后的数据做移位；及Step (E), shifting the decoded data in step (A) according to the ratio obtained in step (D); and 步骤(F)，将移位后的数据编码以得到该第二比特流。Step (F), encoding the shifted data to obtain the second bit stream. 12.根据权利要求11所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(D-1)中的该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。12. The transform coding method according to claim 11, wherein the first threshold value in the sub-step (D-1) cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval. 13.根据权利要求12所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(D-1)中的该第一门限值是根据比特压缩情形动态地决定的，且当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，则将该第一门限值的数值调低。13. The transcoding method according to claim 12, wherein the first threshold value in the sub-step (D-1) is dynamically determined according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not reach expectations, Then the numerical value of the first threshold value is lowered. 14.根据权利要求13所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(D-4)中的该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。14. The transcoding method according to claim 13, wherein the second threshold value in the sub-step (D-4) cannot be larger than the second critical value, nor can it be smaller than the first critical value. 15.根据权利要求11所述的转换编码方法，其中，在步骤(E)中，如果比例值为4，则将译码后的数据向右移2位，如果比例值为2，则将译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，则不进行移位。15. The conversion coding method according to claim 11, wherein, in step (E), if the ratio value is 4, then the decoded data is shifted to the right by 2 bits, and if the ratio value is 2, then the decoded data is shifted to the right by 2 bits. The coded data is shifted to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, no shifting is performed. 16.根据权利要求11所述的转换编码方法，其中，步骤(B)是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。16. The conversion coding method according to claim 11, wherein, step (B) is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate contained in the first bit stream , to estimate the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding. 17.一种转换编码装置，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码装置包含：17. A transcoding device adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, and the first bitstream is the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding device comprising: 译码单元，用于用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数来计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出第一门限值，且设定一个大小等于4倍第一量化间距的第二临界值，且根据该第二临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第二门限值；The analysis unit is configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and set a first critical value equal to twice the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine the first gate according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions Limit value, and set a second critical value equal to 4 times the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine a second threshold value according to the second critical value and actual usage conditions; 量化间距决定单元，用于与该量化间距计算单元及该分析单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第二临界值相同；当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值且小于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一量化间距相同；且得到该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值；A quantization interval determination unit, configured to be electrically connected to the quantization interval calculation unit and the analysis unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, set the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the second threshold value The two critical values are the same; when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first critical value; and when the When the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first quantization interval; and obtaining a ratio value of the second quantization interval to the first quantization interval; 移位单元，用于与该量化间距决定单元及该译码单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元求出的比例值将该译码单元译码后的数据做移位；及a shift unit, configured to be electrically connected to the quantization distance determination unit and the decoding unit, and to shift the data decoded by the decoding unit according to the ratio value calculated by the quantization distance determination unit; and 编码单元，用于与该移位单元电连接，并将该移位单元处理后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。The encoding unit is configured to be electrically connected to the shifting unit, and encode the data processed by the shifting unit to obtain the second bit stream. 18.根据权利要求17所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。18. The transcoding device according to claim 17, wherein when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization spacing. 19.根据权利要求18所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，则该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。19. The transcoding device according to claim 18, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold value A numerical value of the threshold value is lowered. 20.根据权利要求19所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元在决定该第二门限值时，限制该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。20. The transcoding device according to claim 19, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the second threshold value, the second threshold value is restricted to be neither greater than the second critical value nor less than the first critical value. critical value. 21.根据权利要求17所述的转换编码装置，其中，如果比例值为4，该移位单元则将译码后的数据向右移2位，如果比例值为2，该移位单元则将译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，该移位单元不进行移位。21. The transform encoding device according to claim 17, wherein, if the ratio value is 4, the shift unit will shift the decoded data to the right by 2 bits, and if the ratio value is 2, the shift unit will The decoded data is shifted to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, the shift unit does not shift. 22.根据权利要求17所述的转换编码装置，其中，该比特配置单元是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。22. The transcoding device according to claim 17, wherein the bit configuration unit is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate included in the first bit stream , to estimate the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding. 23.一种转换编码方法，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码方法包含以下步骤：23. A transcoding method, adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, and the first bitstream is the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding method comprising the following steps: 步骤(A)，将该第一比特流解码；Step (A), decoding the first bit stream; 步骤(B)，将译码后的数据进行反量化处理；Step (B), dequantizing the decoded data; 步骤(C)，估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目；Step (C), estimating the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding; 步骤(D)，根据估计出的比特数目，计算出候选量化间距；Step (D), calculating the candidate quantization interval according to the estimated number of bits; 步骤(E)，根据该候选量化间距的值，判断出一个第二量化间距，且判断的方法包括以下子步骤：Step (E), according to the value of the candidate quantization interval, judge a second quantization interval, and the method for judging includes the following sub-steps: 子步骤(E-1)，分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以决定出一个第一临界值，并根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，则将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；Sub-step (E-1), analyzing the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval, to determine a first critical value, and dynamically determine a first threshold value according to the first critical value and the actual use situation, and determine The way to determine the first threshold value is to set the value of the first threshold value to be the same as the quantization pitch that has the smallest value in the bit ratio range of the second largest level, but if the first threshold value is set at this is less than 2 times the first quantization interval, then directly change the first critical value to be the same as the value of 2 times the first quantization interval; 子步骤(E-2)，判断该候选量化间距是否大于或等于该第一门限值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(E-4)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(E-3)；Sub-step (E-2), judge whether this candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to this first threshold value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (E-4), if not, then skip to sub-step (E-3 ); 子步骤(E-3)，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；及Sub-step (E-3), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first quantization interval; and 子步骤(E-4)，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；Sub-step (E-4), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first critical value; 步骤(F)，以该第二量化间距对反量化后的数据进行量化处理；及Step (F), performing quantization processing on the dequantized data with the second quantization interval; and 步骤(G)，将量化后的数据编码以得到该第二比特流。Step (G), encoding the quantized data to obtain the second bit stream. 24.根据权利要求23所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(E-1)中的该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。24. The transform coding method according to claim 23, wherein the first threshold value in the sub-step (E-1) cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval. 25.根据权利要求24所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(E-1)中的该第一门限值是根据比特压缩情形来动态地决定的，且当比特压缩情况未达预期时，则将该第一门限值的数值调低。25. The transcoding method according to claim 24, wherein the first threshold value in the sub-step (E-1) is dynamically determined according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations , then lower the value of the first threshold. 26.根据权利要求23所述的转换编码方法，其中，步骤(C)是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。26. The transformation coding method according to claim 23, wherein, step (C) is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate contained in the first bit stream , to estimate the number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 27.一种转换编码装置，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码装置包含：27. A transcoding device adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, the first bitstream being the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding device comprising: 译码单元，用于用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 反量化单元，用于与该译码单元电连接，并将该译码单元译码后的数据以该第一量化间距进行反量化；An inverse quantization unit, configured to be electrically connected to the decoding unit, and dequantize the data decoded by the decoding unit at the first quantization interval; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，用于与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit, configured to be electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculate candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断出一个第一临界值，且根据实际使用情形及该第一临界值决定出一个第一门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设置为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，则将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；及An analysis unit, configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and analyze the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval to determine a first critical value, and determine a first gate according to the actual use situation and the first critical value limit, and the first threshold is determined by setting the value of the first threshold to be the same as the quantization pitch that has the smallest value in the bit scale range of the second largest level, but if the first threshold Under this setting, it is less than 2 times the first quantization interval, then directly change the first critical value to be the same as the value of 2 times the first quantization interval; and 量化间距决定单元，用于与该分析单元及该量化间距计算单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一量化间距相同；A quantization interval determination unit, configured to be electrically connected to the analysis unit and the quantization interval calculation unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, set the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the second quantization interval a threshold value is the same; and when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; 量化单元，用于与该量化间距决定单元及该反量化单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元决定出的第二量化间距，对由该反量化单元反量化后的数据进行量化；及a quantization unit, configured to be electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit and the inverse quantization unit, and to quantize the data dequantized by the inverse quantization unit according to the second quantization interval determined by the quantization interval determination unit; and 编码单元，用于与该量化单元电连接，并将该量化单元量化后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。The encoding unit is configured to be electrically connected to the quantization unit, and encode the quantized data of the quantization unit to obtain the second bit stream. 28.根据权利要求27所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。28. The transcoding device according to claim 27, wherein when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization spacing. 29.根据权利要求28所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元则将该第一门限值的数值调低。29. The transcoding device according to claim 28, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit will set the first threshold value to A numerical value of the threshold value is lowered. 30.根据权利要求27所述的转换编码装置，其中，该比特配置单元是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。30. The transcoding device according to claim 27, wherein the bit configuration unit is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate included in the first bit stream , to estimate the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding. 31.一种转换编码方法，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码方法包含以下步骤：31. A transcoding method adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, the first bitstream being the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding method comprising the steps of: 步骤(A)，将该第一比特流解码；Step (A), decoding the first bit stream; 步骤(B)，将译码后的数据进行反量化处理；Step (B), dequantizing the decoded data; 步骤(C)，估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目；Step (C), estimating the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding; 步骤(D)，根据估计出的比特数目，计算出候选量化间距；Step (D), calculating the candidate quantization interval according to the estimated number of bits; 步骤(E)，根据该候选量化间距的值，判断出一个第二量化间距，且判断的方法包括以下子步骤：Step (E), according to the value of the candidate quantization interval, judge a second quantization interval, and the method for judging includes the following sub-steps: 子步骤(E-1)，分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以决定出一个第一临界值，并根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，则将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；Sub-step (E-1), analyzing the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval, to determine a first critical value, and dynamically determine a first threshold value according to the first critical value and the actual use situation, and determine The way to determine the first threshold value is to set the value of the first threshold value to be the same as the quantization pitch that has the smallest value in the bit ratio range of the second largest level, but if the first threshold value is set at this is less than 2 times the first quantization interval, then directly change the first critical value to be the same as the value of 2 times the first quantization interval; 子步骤(E-2)，判断该候选量化间距是否大于或等于该第一门限值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(E-3)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(E-5)；Sub-step (E-2), judge whether this candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to this first threshold value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (E-3), if not, then skip to sub-step (E-5 ); 子步骤(E-3)，分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断是否有一个大于该第一临界值的第二临界值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(E-4)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(E-6)；且在子步骤(E-3)中，判断是否有该第二临界值的方式是判断该比特比例与量化间距的关系中，是否存在有另一等级的比特比例，且此另一等级的比特比例小于该第一临界值所在的等级，如果有，则表示该第二临界值存在，则设置该第二临界值为与在此较低等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同；Sub-step (E-3), analyze the relationship between bit ratio and quantization interval, to judge whether there is a second critical value greater than the first critical value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (E-4), if not , then jump to sub-step (E-6); and in sub-step (E-3), the way to judge whether there is the second critical value is to judge whether there is another The bit ratio of the level, and the bit ratio of this other level is smaller than the level where the first critical value is, if there is, it means that the second critical value exists, then set the second critical value to be the same as that of the lower level The quantization interval with the minimum value in the bit scale range is the same; 子步骤(E-4)，判断该候选量化间距的值是否大于或等于一个第二门限值，如果是，则跳到子步骤(E-7)，如果否，则跳到子步骤(E-6)，而该第二门限值是根据该第二临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定的；Sub-step (E-4), judge whether the value of this candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, if yes, then skip to sub-step (E-7), if not, then skip to sub-step (E-7) -6), and the second threshold value is dynamically determined according to the second critical value and the actual usage situation; 子步骤(E-5)，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；Sub-step (E-5), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first quantization interval; 子步骤(E-6)，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；及Sub-step (E-6), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first critical value; and 子步骤(E-7)，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第二临界值相同；Sub-step (E-7), setting the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the second critical value; 步骤(F)，以该第二量化间距对反量化后的数据进行量化处理；及Step (F), performing quantization processing on the dequantized data with the second quantization interval; and 步骤(G)，对量化后的数据编码以得到该第二比特流。Step (G), encoding the quantized data to obtain the second bit stream. 32.根据权利要求31所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(E-1)中的该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。32. The transform coding method according to claim 31, wherein the first threshold value in the sub-step (E-1) cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval. 33.根据权利要求32所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(E-1)中的该第一门限值是根据比特压缩情形动态地决定的，且当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，将该第一门限值的数值调低。33. The transcoding method according to claim 32, wherein the first threshold in the sub-step (E-1) is dynamically determined according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, Lower the value of the first threshold. 34.根据权利要求33所述的转换编码方法，其中，子步骤(E-4)中的该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。34. The transcoding method according to claim 33, wherein the second threshold value in the sub-step (E-4) cannot be larger than the second critical value, nor can it be smaller than the first critical value. 35.根据权利要求31所述的转换编码方法，其中，步骤(C)是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。35. The transformation coding method according to claim 31, wherein, step (C) is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate contained in the first bit stream , to estimate the number of bits that the next input unit can use when encoding. 36.一种转换编码装置，适用于将第一比特流转换成第二比特流，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该转换编码装置包含：36. A transcoding apparatus adapted to convert a first bitstream into a second bitstream, the first bitstream being the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the transcoding apparatus comprising: 译码单元，用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 反量化单元，用于与该译码单元电连接，并将该译码单元译码后的数据以该第一量化间距进行反量化；An inverse quantization unit, configured to be electrically connected to the decoding unit, and dequantize the data decoded by the decoding unit at the first quantization interval; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，用于与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit, configured to be electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculate candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断出一个第一临界值和一个第二临界值，且根据实际使用情形及分别根据该第一临界值和该第二临界值决定出一个第一门限值和一个第二门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设置为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，则将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；而判断是否有该第二临界值的方式是判断该比特比例与量化间距的关系中，是否存在有另一等级的比特比例，且此另一等级的比特比例小于该第一临界值所在的等级，如果有，则表示该第二临界值存在，则设置该第二临界值为与在此较低等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同；及The analysis unit is used to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and analyze the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval to determine a first critical value and a second critical value, and according to the actual use situation and respectively according to the first The critical value and the second critical value determine a first threshold value and a second threshold value, and the way to determine the first critical value is to set the value of the first critical value to be equal to the second largest threshold value The quantization interval with the smallest value in the bit scale range of the level is the same, but if the first critical value is smaller than 2 times the first quantization interval under this setting, then the first critical value is directly changed to be the same as 2 times the first The value of the quantization distance is the same; and the way to judge whether there is the second critical value is to judge whether there is another level of bit proportion in the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization distance, and the bit ratio of this other level is smaller than the first The level at which a critical value is located, if any, indicates that the second critical value exists, and the second critical value is set to be the same as the quantization interval having the smallest value in the bit ratio range of the lower level; and 量化间距决定单元，用于与该分析单元及该量化间距计算单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值且小于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距大于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第二临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；a quantization interval determination unit, configured to be electrically connected to the analysis unit and the quantization interval calculation unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the second quantization interval The value of the interval is set to be the same as the first critical value; and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than the second threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the second critical value; and when the candidate When the quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; 量化单元，用于与该量化间距决定单元及该反量化单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元决定出的第二量化间距，对由该反量化单元反量化后的数据进行量化；及a quantization unit, configured to be electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit and the inverse quantization unit, and to quantize the data dequantized by the inverse quantization unit according to the second quantization interval determined by the quantization interval determination unit; and 编码单元，用于与该量化单元电连接，并将该量化单元量化后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。The encoding unit is configured to be electrically connected to the quantization unit, and encode the quantized data of the quantization unit to obtain the second bit stream. 37.根据权利要求36所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。37. The transcoding device according to claim 36, wherein when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization spacing. 38.根据权利要求37所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。38. The transcoding device according to claim 37, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold The value of the threshold value is lowered. 39.根据权利要求38所述的转换编码装置，其中，该分析单元在决定该第二门限值时，限制该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。39. The transcoding device according to claim 38, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the second threshold value, the second threshold value is restricted to be neither greater than the second critical value nor less than the first critical value. critical value. 40.根据权利要求36所述的转换编码装置，其中，该比特配置单元根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。40. The transcoding device according to claim 36, wherein the bit configuration unit is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate included in the first bit stream, to estimate the number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 41.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流，且将该第一比特流转换成第二比特流输出，而该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：41. An integrated circuit adapted to receive a first bit stream and convert the first bit stream into a second bit stream for output, the first bit stream being the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the integrated The circuit contains: 译码单元，用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的位数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits that can be used by the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，用于与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit, configured to be electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculate candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值；The analysis unit is configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, set a first critical value equal to twice the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine a first critical value according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions. Threshold value; 量化间距决定单元，与该量化间距计算单元及该分析单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；且得到该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值；A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval calculation unit and the analysis unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, sets the value of the second quantization interval to be equal to the first threshold value. The value is the same; and when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; and the second quantization interval and the first quantization interval are obtained proportional value; 移位单元，与该量化间距决定单元及该译码单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元求出的比例值将该译码单元译码后的数据做移位；及a shift unit, electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit and the decoding unit, and shifts the data decoded by the decoding unit according to the ratio value calculated by the quantization interval determination unit; and 编码单元，与该移位单元电连接，并将该移位单元处理后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。An encoding unit is electrically connected to the shifting unit, and encodes the data processed by the shifting unit to obtain the second bit stream. 42.根据权利要求41所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。42. The integrated circuit according to claim 41, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval . 43.根据权利要求42所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。43. The integrated circuit according to claim 42, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold The value of the limit value is lowered. 44.根据权利要求41所述的集成电路，其中，如果比例值为2，该移位单元则将译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，则不进行移位。44. The integrated circuit of claim 41, wherein if the ratio is 2, the shift unit shifts the decoded data to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio is 1, no shifting is performed. 45.根据权利要求41所述的集成电路，其中，该比特配置单元根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。45. The integrated circuit according to claim 41, wherein the bit configuration unit is configured according to the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate included in the first bit stream Estimates the number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 46.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流译码后的数据，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：46. An integrated circuit adapted to receive decoded data of a first bitstream that has been encoded according to a first quantization interval, the integrated circuit comprising: 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值；The analysis unit is configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, set a first critical value equal to twice the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine a first critical value according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions. Threshold value; 量化间距决定单元，与该量化间距计算单元及该分析单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；且得到该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值。A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval calculation unit and the analysis unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, sets the value of the second quantization interval to be equal to the first threshold value. The value is the same; and when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; and the second quantization interval and the first quantization interval are obtained scale value. 47.根据权利要求46所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。47. The integrated circuit according to claim 46, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value is restricted to be not greater than the first critical value, but greater than the first quantization interval . 48.根据权利要求47所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。48. The integrated circuit according to claim 47, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold value The value of the limit value is lowered. 49.根据权利要求46所述的集成电路，其中，该集成电路还包含移位单元，该移位单元与该量化间距决定单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元求出的比例值将所接收到该已译码后的数据做移位。49. The integrated circuit according to claim 46, wherein the integrated circuit further comprises a shift unit, the shift unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit, and the ratio value obtained by the quantization interval determination unit is used to convert the The decoded data is received and shifted. 50.根据权利要求49所述的集成电路，其中，如果比例值为2，该移位单元则将该已译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，则不进行移位。50. The integrated circuit according to claim 49, wherein if the ratio value is 2, the shift unit shifts the decoded data to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, then does not shift bit. 51.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流，并将该第一比特流转换成第二比特流输出，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：51. An integrated circuit adapted to receive a first bit stream and convert the first bit stream into a second bit stream for output, the first bit stream being the result of encoding according to a first quantization interval, the integrated The circuit contains: 译码单元，用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，接收该第一量化间距的值，并设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值，且设定一个大小等于4倍第一量化间距的第二临界值，且根据该第二临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第二门限值；The analysis unit receives the value of the first quantization interval, and sets a first critical value equal to twice the first quantization interval, and dynamically determines a first threshold according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions value, and set a second critical value equal to 4 times the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine a second threshold value according to the second critical value and the actual usage situation; 量化间距决定单元，与该量化间距计算单元及该分析单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第二临界值相同；当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值且小于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；且得到该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值；A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval calculation unit and the analysis unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, sets the value of the second quantization interval to be equal to the second threshold The value is the same; when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first threshold value; and when the candidate quantization interval When the interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; and the ratio value of the second quantization interval to the first quantization interval is obtained; 移位单元，与该量化间距决定单元及该译码单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元求出的比例值将该译码单元译码后的数据做移位；及a shift unit, electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit and the decoding unit, and shifts the data decoded by the decoding unit according to the ratio value calculated by the quantization interval determination unit; and 编码单元，与该移位单元电连接，并将该移位单元处理后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。An encoding unit is electrically connected to the shifting unit, and encodes the data processed by the shifting unit to obtain the second bit stream. 52.根据权利要求51所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。52. The integrated circuit according to claim 51, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval . 53.根据权利要求52所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。53. The integrated circuit according to claim 52, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold The value of the limit value is lowered. 54.根据权利要求53所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第二门限值时，限制该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。54. The integrated circuit according to claim 53, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the second threshold value, the second threshold value is restricted to be neither greater than the second critical value nor less than the first critical value value. 55.根据权利要求51所述的集成电路，其中，如果比例值为4，该移位单元则将译码后的数据向右移2位，如果比例值为2，该移位单元则将译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，则该移位单元不进行移位。55. The integrated circuit according to claim 51, wherein, if the ratio value is 4, the shift unit shifts the decoded data to the right by 2 bits, and if the ratio value is 2, the shift unit shifts the decoded data The coded data is shifted to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, the shift unit does not shift. 56.根据权利要求51所述的集成电路，其中，该比特配置单元是根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。56. The integrated circuit according to claim 51, wherein the bit configuration unit is based on the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate included in the first bit stream, to estimate the number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 57.一种集成电路，适用于接收一第一比特流译码后的数据，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：57. An integrated circuit adapted to receive decoded data of a first bitstream that has been encoded according to a first quantization interval, the integrated circuit comprising: 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的位数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits that can be used by the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的位数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并设定一个大小等于2倍第一量化间距的第一临界值，且根据该第一临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第一门限值，且设定一个大小等于4倍第一量化间距的第二临界值，且根据该第二临界值和实际使用情形动态地决定出一个第二门限值；The analysis unit is configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, set a first critical value equal to twice the first quantization interval, and dynamically determine a first critical value according to the first critical value and actual usage conditions. A threshold value, and setting a second critical value equal to 4 times the first quantization interval, and dynamically determining a second threshold value according to the second critical value and actual usage conditions; 量化间距决定单元，与该量化间距计算单元及该分析单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第二临界值相同；当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值且小于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；且得到该第二量化间距与该第一量化间距的比例值。A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval calculation unit and the analysis unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, sets the value of the second quantization interval to be equal to the second threshold The value is the same; when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first threshold value; and when the candidate quantization interval When the interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; and a ratio value of the second quantization interval to the first quantization interval is obtained. 58.根据权利要求57所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。58. The integrated circuit according to claim 57, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value is restricted to be not greater than the first critical value, but greater than the first quantization interval . 59.根据权利要求58所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，则该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。59. The integrated circuit according to claim 58, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit sets the first threshold value to The value of the threshold value is lowered. 60.根据权利要求59所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第二门限值时，限制该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。60. The integrated circuit according to claim 59, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the second threshold value, the second threshold value is restricted to be neither greater than the second critical value nor less than the first critical value value. 61.根据权利要求57所述的集成电路，其中，该集成电路还包含移位单元，该移位单元与该量化间距决定单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元求出的比例值将所接收到该已译码后的数据做移位。61. The integrated circuit according to claim 57, wherein the integrated circuit further comprises a shift unit, the shift unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit, and the ratio value obtained by the quantization interval determination unit is used to convert the The decoded data is received and shifted. 62.根据权利要求61所述的集成电路，其中，如果比例值为4，该移位单元则将该已译码后的数据向右移2位，如果比例值为2，该移位单元则将该已译码后的数据向右移1位，且如果比例值为1，该移位单元不进行移位。62. The integrated circuit according to claim 61, wherein, if the ratio value is 4, the shift unit shifts the decoded data to the right by 2 bits, and if the ratio value is 2, the shift unit then The decoded data is shifted to the right by 1 bit, and if the ratio value is 1, the shift unit does not shift. 63.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流，并将该第一比特流转换成第二比特流输出，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：63. An integrated circuit adapted to receive a first bit stream and convert the first bit stream into a second bit stream for output, the first bit stream being encoded according to a first quantization interval, the integrated The circuit contains: 译码单元，用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 反量化单元，与该译码单元电连接，并将该译码单元译码后的数据以该第一量化间距进行反量化；An inverse quantization unit is electrically connected to the decoding unit, and dequantizes the data decoded by the decoding unit at the first quantization interval; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断出一个第一临界值，且根据实际使用情形及该第一临界值决定出一个第一门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设置为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；及An analysis unit, configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and analyze the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval to determine a first critical value, and determine a first gate according to the actual use situation and the first critical value limit, and the first threshold is determined by setting the value of the first threshold to be the same as the quantization pitch that has the smallest value in the bit scale range of the second largest level, but if the first threshold Under this setting, it is less than 2 times the first quantization interval, and the first critical value is directly changed to be the same as the value of 2 times the first quantization interval; and 量化间距决定单元，与该分析单元及该量化间距计算单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the analysis unit and the quantization interval calculation unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be equal to the value of the first threshold The values are the same; and when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; 量化单元，与该量化间距决定单元及该反量化单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元决定出的第二量化间距，对由该反量化单元反量化后的数据进行量化；及A quantization unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit and the inverse quantization unit, and quantizes the data dequantized by the inverse quantization unit according to the second quantization interval determined by the quantization interval determination unit; and 编码单元，与该量化单元电连接，并对该量化单元量化后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。The encoding unit is electrically connected to the quantization unit, and encodes the quantized data of the quantization unit to obtain the second bit stream. 64.根据权利要求63所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。64. The integrated circuit according to claim 63, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval . 65.根据权利要求64所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。65. The integrated circuit according to claim 64, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold value The value of the limit value is lowered. 66.根据权利要求63所述的集成电路，其中，该比特配置单元根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。66. The integrated circuit according to claim 63, wherein the bit configuration unit estimates according to the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original rate and frame rate contained in the first bit stream The number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 67.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流译码后的数据，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：67. An integrated circuit adapted to receive data decoded from a first bitstream that has been encoded according to a first quantization pitch, the integrated circuit comprising: 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断出一个第一临界值，且根据实际使用情形及该第一临界值决定出一个第一门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；及An analysis unit, configured to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and analyze the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval to determine a first critical value, and determine a first gate according to the actual use situation and the first critical value limit, and the first threshold is determined by setting the value of the first threshold to be the same as the quantization interval that has the smallest value in the bit scale range of the second largest level, but if the first threshold Under this setting, it is less than 2 times the first quantization interval, and the first critical value is directly changed to be the same as the value of 2 times the first quantization interval; and 量化间距决定单元，与该分析单元及该量化间距计算单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同。A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the analysis unit and the quantization interval calculation unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be equal to the value of the first threshold The values are the same; and when the candidate quantization interval is smaller than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval. 68.根据权利要求67所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。68. The integrated circuit according to claim 67, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval . 69.根据权利要求68所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形来动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。69. The integrated circuit according to claim 68, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold The value of the threshold value is lowered. 70.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流，并将该第一比特流转换成第二比特流输出，且该第一比特流是已根据一第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：70. An integrated circuit adapted to receive a first bit stream and convert the first bit stream into a second bit stream for output, the first bit stream being encoded according to a first quantization interval, the Integrated circuits include: 译码单元，用于对该第一比特流译码；a decoding unit, configured to decode the first bit stream; 反量化单元，与该译码单元电连接，并将该译码单元译码后的数据以该第一量化间距进行反量化；An inverse quantization unit is electrically connected to the decoding unit, and dequantizes the data decoded by the decoding unit at the first quantization interval; 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算候选量化间距；A quantization interval calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates candidate quantization intervals according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，接收该第一量化间距的值，并分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断出一个第一临界值和一个第二临界值，且根据实际使用情形及分别根据该第一临界值和该第二临界值决定出一个第一门限值和一个第二门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设置为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，则将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；而判断是否有该第二临界值的方式是判断该比特比例与量化间距的关系中，是否存在有另一等级的比特比例，且此另一等级的比特比例小于该第一临界值所在的等级，如果有，则表示该第二临界值存在，则设该第二临界值为与在此较低等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同；及The analysis unit receives the value of the first quantization interval, and analyzes the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval to determine a first critical value and a second critical value, and according to the actual use situation and respectively according to the first critical value and the second threshold value to determine a first threshold value and a second threshold value, and the way to determine the first threshold value is to set the value of the first threshold value to be the same as that at the second largest level The quantization pitch with the smallest value in the bit ratio range is the same, but if the first critical value is smaller than 2 times the first quantization pitch under this setting, then the first critical value is directly changed to be 2 times the first quantization pitch The value is the same; and the way to judge whether there is the second critical value is to judge whether there is another level of bit ratio in the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval, and the bit ratio of this other level is smaller than the first critical value the level at which the value is located, if any, indicating that the second critical value exists, then let the second critical value be the same as the quantization interval having the smallest value in the bit scale range of this lower level; and 量化间距决定单元，与该分析单元及该量化间距计算单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值且小于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距大于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设为与该第二临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同；A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the analysis unit and the quantization interval calculation unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the second quantization interval The value is set to be the same as the first critical value; and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than the second threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the second critical value; and when the candidate quantization interval When it is less than the first threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the first quantization interval; 量化单元，与该量化间距决定单元及该反量化单元电连接，并根据该量化间距决定单元决定出的第二量化间距，对由该反量化单元反量化后的数据进行量化；及A quantization unit is electrically connected to the quantization interval determination unit and the inverse quantization unit, and quantizes the data dequantized by the inverse quantization unit according to the second quantization interval determined by the quantization interval determination unit; and 编码单元，与该量化单元电连接，并将该量化单元量化后的数据进行编码以得到该第二比特流。The encoding unit is electrically connected to the quantization unit, and encodes the quantized data of the quantization unit to obtain the second bit stream. 71.根据权利要求70所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。71. The integrated circuit according to claim 70, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval . 72.根据权利要求71所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元是根据比特压缩情形来动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。72. The integrated circuit according to claim 71, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit sets the first threshold value to A numerical value of the threshold value is lowered. 73.根据权利要求72所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第二门限值时，限制该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。73. The integrated circuit according to claim 72, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the second threshold value, the second threshold value is restricted to be neither greater than the second critical value nor less than the first critical value value. 74.根据权利要求70所述的集成电路，其中，该比特配置单元根据预期的目标比特率、要处理的输入单位大小，及该第一比特流中所包含的原始比特率、帧率，来估计下一输入单元在编码时可使用的比特数目。74. The integrated circuit according to claim 70, wherein the bit configuration unit is configured according to the expected target bit rate, the input unit size to be processed, and the original bit rate and frame rate included in the first bit stream Estimates the number of bits available for encoding the next input unit. 75.一种集成电路，适用于接收第一比特流译码后的数据，且该第一比特流是已根据第一量化间距编码后的结果，该集成电路包含：75. An integrated circuit adapted to receive data decoded from a first bitstream that has been encoded according to a first quantization pitch, the integrated circuit comprising: 比特配置单元，用于估计出下一输入单元可使用的比特数；A bit configuration unit, used to estimate the number of bits available for the next input unit; 量化间距计算单元，与该比特配置单元电连接，并根据该比特配置单元估计出的比特数计算一候选量化间距；A quantization distance calculation unit is electrically connected to the bit configuration unit, and calculates a candidate quantization distance according to the number of bits estimated by the bit configuration unit; 量化间距调整器，包括：Quantization spacing adjusters, including: 分析单元，用于接收该第一量化间距的值，并分析比特比例与量化间距的关系，以判断出一个第一临界值和一个第二临界值，且根据实际使用情形及分别根据该第一临界值和该第二临界值决定出一个第一门限值和一个第二门限值，而决定出该第一临界值的方式是将该第一临界值的数值设置为与在第二大等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同，但如果该第一临界值在此设定下小于2倍第一量化间距，则将该第一临界值直接改设为与2倍第一量化间距的值相同；而判断是否有该第二临界值的方式是判断该比特比例与量化间距的关系中，是否存在有另一等级的比特比例，且此另一等级的比特比例小于该第一临界值所在的等级，如果有，则表示该第二临界值存在，则设该第二临界值为与在此较低等级的比特比例范围中具有最小值的量化间距相同；及The analysis unit is used to receive the value of the first quantization interval, and analyze the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization interval to determine a first critical value and a second critical value, and according to the actual use situation and respectively according to the first The critical value and the second critical value determine a first threshold value and a second threshold value, and the way to determine the first critical value is to set the value of the first critical value to be equal to the second largest threshold value The quantization interval with the smallest value in the bit scale range of the level is the same, but if the first critical value is smaller than 2 times the first quantization interval under this setting, then the first critical value is directly changed to be the same as 2 times the first The value of the quantization distance is the same; and the way to judge whether there is the second critical value is to judge whether there is another level of bit proportion in the relationship between the bit ratio and the quantization distance, and the bit ratio of this other level is smaller than the first The level at which a threshold is located, if any, indicates that the second threshold exists, and the second threshold is assumed to be the same as the quantization interval having the smallest value in the bit scale range of this lower level; and 量化间距决定单元，与该分析单元及该量化间距计算单元电连接，并当该候选量化间距大于或等于该第一门限值且小于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距大于该第二门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第二临界值相同；且当该候选量化间距小于该第一门限值时，将该第二量化间距的值设置为与该第一量化间距相同。A quantization interval determination unit is electrically connected to the analysis unit and the quantization interval calculation unit, and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the second quantization interval The value is set to be the same as the first critical value; and when the candidate quantization interval is greater than the second threshold value, the value of the second quantization interval is set to be the same as the second critical value; and when the candidate quantization interval When it is smaller than the first threshold value, set the value of the second quantization interval to be the same as the first quantization interval. 76.根据权利要求75所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第一门限值时，限制该第一门限值不能大于该第一临界值，但需大于该第一量化间距。76. The integrated circuit according to claim 75, wherein, when the analysis unit determines the first threshold value, the first threshold value cannot be greater than the first critical value, but must be greater than the first quantization interval . 77.根据权利要求76所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元根据比特压缩情形动态地决定出该第一门限值，而当比特压缩情况未达到预期时，该分析单元将该第一门限值的数值调低。77. The integrated circuit according to claim 76, wherein the analysis unit dynamically determines the first threshold value according to the bit compression situation, and when the bit compression situation does not meet expectations, the analysis unit uses the first threshold The value of the limit value is lowered. 78.根据权利要求77所述的集成电路，其中，该分析单元在决定该第二门限值时，限制该第二门限值不能大于该第二临界值，且也不能小于该第一临界值。78. The integrated circuit according to claim 77, wherein when the analyzing unit determines the second threshold value, the second threshold value is restricted to be neither greater than the second critical value nor less than the first critical value value.
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