CN101008391A - Capacity control device and capacity control method for screw compressor - Google Patents

Capacity control device and capacity control method for screw compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101008391A
CN101008391A CNA2006101375471A CN200610137547A CN101008391A CN 101008391 A CN101008391 A CN 101008391A CN A2006101375471 A CNA2006101375471 A CN A2006101375471A CN 200610137547 A CN200610137547 A CN 200610137547A CN 101008391 A CN101008391 A CN 101008391A
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China
Prior art keywords
pressure
running
cycle time
screw compressor
low
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CNA2006101375471A
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Chinese (zh)
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高野正彦
纸屋裕治
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Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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Publication of CN101008391A publication Critical patent/CN101008391A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/24Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/23Working cycle timing control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

An object of the invention is to provide a capacity control device of a screw compressor capable of restraining the consumption of components such as a suction throttle valve and of extending the life of the components. According to the present invention, there is provided a capacity control device of a screw compressor which controls a suction throttle valve by a controlled pressure at which a load operation state is switched to a low pressure operation, and by a minimum operation pressure at which the low pressure operation is switched to the load operation, the capacity control device being characterized by comprising: a pressure detector 15 which detects a discharge pressure of the compressor 1 ; and a control device 16 which calculates a cycle time between the load operation and the low pressure operation on the basis of the measured pressure detected by the pressure detector 15 , and which changes the controlled pressure to a high pressure side when the cycle time becomes not longer than a shortest period specified beforehand on the basis of the life of each component.

Description

The capacity control device of screw compressor and capacity control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capacity control device and capacity control method of screw compressor, in more detail, relate to a kind of capacity control device and capacity control method of oil-flooded screw compressor.
Background technique
In the capacity control device of screw compressor, for under the little situation of operating load or under the big situation of the capacity of outlet side pipe arrangement, minimizing is in the running that does not need under the high pressure, improve energy-saving effect, following scheme has been proposed, promptly, from returning pressure to load running (load (load) running) state of pilot pressure and from pilot pressure to the running repeatedly (load operation and unloading running) of low-pressure running (unloading (unload) running) state of returning pressure returning pressure and the cycle time of pilot pressure, when this time under the situation below the short period according to life-span of each parts regulation in advance, make above-mentioned pilot pressure be reduced to the most short-period above-mentioned boundary (with reference to patent documentation 1).
Patent documentation 1 Japan Patent discloses flat 4-159491 communique.
Summary of the invention
In the capacity control device of screw compressor, for cycle time of the load operation that makes compressor and unloading running more than the short period T what stipulate according to the life-span of each parts, thereby, in the delivery air amount that makes compressor is Qs, suction pressure is Ps, and Rate of load condensate is X, and the pressure difference between pilot pressure/returning pressure is under the situation of Δ P, necessary air groove capacity C can be calculated by following formula.
Formula 1:
C = T × Qs × Ps × X ( 1 - X ) ΔP
Can find out from above-mentioned formula, when pilot pressure and/when pressure difference Δ P between the returning pressure reduced, the necessary capacity C of air groove increased.Therefore, above-mentioned conventional art is realizing that the reduction pilot pressure has favourable one side on also energy-conservation, but opposite, owing to be further to reduce pressure difference Δ P between pilot pressure and the returning pressure, the necessary capacity C of air groove more increases.
Usually, if consider energy saving, the air groove that then is arranged in the compressor is the bigger the better, but because as a rule, is difficult to be arranged to the air groove that calculates according to the aforementioned calculation formula, and therefore, present present situation is to have to reduce the capacity of air groove.So, adopt above-mentioned technology in the past, carry out frequent loading running and unloading running repeatedly, the problem of production part inordinate wear.
The present invention proposes according to the problems referred to above, and its objective is to provide a kind of consumption that suppresses parts such as suction throttle valve, and can realize the capacity control device of long-life screw compressor.
In order to achieve the above object, the capacity control device of screw compressor of the 1st invention can utilize from the load running state to switch to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running and switch to the returning pressure of load running from the low-pressure running, controls suction throttle valve; It is characterized in that having: detect the pressure detector of the delivery pressure of above-mentioned compressor, and control unit; This control unit, according to cycle time by above-mentioned load running of mensuration calculation of pressure that above-mentioned pressure detector detected and the running of above-mentioned low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating according to the life-span of predefined each parts this cycle time below the short period, above-mentioned pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side.
In addition, a kind of capacity control device of oil-flooded screw compressor of the 2nd invention can utilize from the load running state to switch to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running and switch to the returning pressure of load running from the low-pressure running, controls suction throttle valve; It is characterized in that having: detect the pressure detector of the delivery pressure of above-mentioned compressor, and control unit; This control unit, according to cycle time by above-mentioned load running of mensuration calculation of pressure that above-mentioned pressure detector detected and the running of above-mentioned low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating in the life-span of each parts of setting according to storage in advance this cycle time below the short period, above-mentioned pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side, utilize the rising of above-mentioned pilot pressure, under can not avoiding to above-mentioned situation below the short period above-mentioned cycle time, be converted to the control that sucks throttling.
In addition, the 3rd invention is characterized in that according to the 1st or the 2nd invention: the above-mentioned short period stipulated according to the life-span of above-mentioned suction throttle valve.
In addition, the capacity control method of a kind of screw compressor of the 4th invention, be to utilize from the load running state to switch to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running and switch to the returning pressure of load running, control the capacity control method of the screw compressor of suction throttle valve from the low-pressure running; It is characterized in that: according to the mensuration pressure that pressure detector detected by the delivery pressure that detects above-mentioned compressor, utilize control unit to calculate the cycle time of above-mentioned load running and the running of above-mentioned low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating according to the life-span of predefined each parts this cycle time below the short period, above-mentioned pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side.
In addition, the capacity control method of a kind of oil-flooded screw compressor of the 5th invention, be to utilize the pilot pressure that switches to the low-pressure running from the load running state, with the returning pressure that switches to load running from the low-pressure running, control the capacity control method of the oil-flooded screw compressor of suction throttle valve; It is characterized in that: according to the mensuration pressure that pressure detector detected by the delivery pressure that detects above-mentioned compressor, utilize control unit to calculate the cycle time of above-mentioned load running and the running of above-mentioned low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating in the life-span of each parts of setting according to storage in advance this cycle time below the short period, above-mentioned pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side, utilize the rising of rising pilot pressure, under can not avoiding to above-mentioned situation below the short period above-mentioned cycle time, be converted to the control that sucks throttling.
The effect of invention
Utilize control gear of the present invention, under the situation of stipulating according to the life-span of each parts the cycle time of the load operation of the chronometry that reaches pilot pressure and unloading running below the short period T, pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side, carry out volume controlled with it as new pilot pressure, therefore can suppress the consumption of parts such as suction throttle valve.Consequently, the life-span of parts such as suction throttle valve can be prolonged, and its maintenance operation can be alleviated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram of all structures of a mode of execution of expression oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention and capacity control device thereof;
Fig. 2 is the performance plot of the compressor pressure change of a mode of execution of the capacity control device of expression oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the control flow chart of a mode of execution of the capacity control device of oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the performance plot of the compressor pressure change of another mode of execution of the capacity control device of expression oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the figure of the comparison of the energy conservation characteristic of another mode of execution of capacity control device of expression oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention and another kind of capacity control method.
Symbol description
1 screw compressor
2 drive motor
3 suction throttle valves
4 cylinders
5 solenoid valves
8 filter by suctions
9 fuel tanks
10 separator element
11 pressure regulation one-way valves
12 aftercoolers
13 air grooves
14 oil coolers
15 pressure detectors
16 control gear
Embodiment
Below, utilize accompanying drawing, the mode of execution of the capacity control device of screw compressor of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1~Fig. 3 is the figure of a mode of execution of the capacity control device of expression oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention.Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram of all structures of a mode of execution of expression oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention and capacity control device thereof.Fig. 2 is the performance plot of expression compressor pressure change of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the control flow chart of a mode of execution of the capacity control device of oil-flooded screw compressor of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,1 is oil-flooded screw compressor, 2 is the drive motor of screw compressor 1,3 are the suction throttle valve on the suction side that is arranged on screw compressor 1,4 is the operation cylinder (cylinder) of suction throttle valve 3,5 for making operation switch to the solenoid valve on pressed gas supplying pipe 6 or extraneous gas side 7 with cylinder, and 8 are the filter by suction on the suction side that is installed in screw compressor 1, and 9 are the fuel tank on the outlet side that is arranged on screw compressor 1.This fuel tank 9 will utilize the pressurized air first separation after the compression of screw compressor 1 compression to be pressurized air and lubricant oil, and lubricant oil is stored in its underpart.
10 for sucking the compressed-air actuated separator element (separatorelement) of being separated by fuel tank 9.10 pairs of pressurized air of this separator element and lubricant oil carry out secondary separation.11 are the pressure regulation one-way valve on the part that is arranged on separator element 10.12 is the aftercooler (after cooler) that the pressurized air from pressure regulation one-way valve 11 is cooled off, and 13 is the air groove that is connected with aftercooler 12.14 for sucking and cooling stores at but device of the oil of the lubricant oil of the bottom of fuel tank 9.Be imported into the suction side of spiral shell screw compressor 1 by the lubricant oil of these oil cooler 14 coolings.
15 for detecting the pressure detector of compressed air pressure.In this example, this pressure detector 15 is installed on the part of separator element 10.16 is control gear.This control gear 16 has memory section 16A, calculating part 16B, input part 16C, carry-out part 16D.The short period T that storage was stipulated according to the life-span (for example switching number of times of suction throttle valve 3) of each parts in memory section 16A, pilot pressure P1 is with respect to unlifting pressure value Δ PU and the returning pressure P2 of this pilot pressure P1.Pressure that calculating part 16B will be detected by above-mentioned pressure detector 15 and returning pressure P2 and pilot pressure P1 compare, instruction and the unloading command of will loading exports switching valve 5 to, simultaneously, t cycle time of calculated load running and unloading running, under situation short period T below of this cycle time of t in storage in advance, have above-mentioned force value Δ PU and pilot pressure P1 addition, and be set function into new pilot pressure.
Below, the action of a mode of execution of the oil-flooded screw compressor of the invention described above is described.
In Fig. 1, compressed air is inhaled in the body of compressor 1 by filter by suction 8, suction throttle valve 3.Pressurized air by after the compression of compressor 1 compression carries out first separation to pressurized air and lubricant oil in fuel tank 9.Lubricant oil accumulates in the bottom of fuel tank 9, and after with oil cooler 14 coolings, the body to compressor 1 is lubricated once more.
The pressurized air of fuel tank 9 flows in the separator element 10, and pressurized air and lubricant oil are carried out secondary separation.The pressurized air that separates through pressure regulation one-way valve 11, after utilizing aftercooler 12 and ambient atmos to carry out Re Jiaore, being cooled to set point of temperature, exports to outside compressor 1 equipment.
Export the outer pressurized air of compressor 1 equipment to,,,, supply with terminal through air groove 13 by behind the various additional devices according to the use difference.This air groove 13 is big more, and the pressure oscillation of then above-mentioned pressurized air gas path is more little, can reduce the period of load running and unloading running.
But, in fact because seldom, therefore, there is parts consumption in the situation of the air groove 13 that be provided with to surpass needs or to sucking the problem that throttling control is automaticallyed switch.
Utilize pressure detector 15 to measure the variation of the pressure oscillation in pressurized air path.Should measure pressure and input to control gear 16.Like this, the volume controlled of 16 pairs of compressors 1 of control gear manages.
The pressure oscillation that utilizes pressure detector 15 to measure is the waveform shown in the dotted line of Fig. 2.That is: when compressor 1 was converted to load running, pressure rose, and was reaching pilot pressure P1 constantly, and compressor 1 is converted to the unloading running.
When compressor 1 was converted to the unloading running, pressure reduced, and was reaching returning pressure P2 constantly, and compressor 1 is converted to load running.Since in the unloading running, close suction throttle valve 3, not air-breathing, so the suction side of the body of compressor 1 becomes negative pressure.Because to the running that forms low-pressure the pressure regulation one-way valve 11 with respect to load, therefore, power is lower with respect to load from the body of compressor 1.
Compressor 1 can reach energy-conservation by carrying out the action of load running and unloading running repeatedly.Pressure pulsation shown in the dotted line of Fig. 2 is the pressure waveform of conventional art.In this case, under the situation of stipulating according to the life-span of each parts the cycle time of load running under a certain load and unloading running more than the short period T, in next one circulation, make pilot pressure be reduced to pilot pressure PD automatically, so that it becomes short period T.
Thus, with respect to original pilot pressure, the part that pressure reduces can realize energy-conservation, but as the problem of conventional art, as mentioned above, can cause based on the frequent load running of short period T and the repetitive operation of unloading running.In addition, as shown in Figure 2, pilot pressure is adjusted into pilot pressure PD automatically, the cycle time that makes load running and unloading running for short period T after, produce again under the situation of load change, when in the next one circulates, for when the short period, T was following, in next one circulation, shown in the double dot dash line of Fig. 2, be switchable to and suck throttling control.
Therefore, suck throttling control, can suppress the frequency of load running and unloading running, but aspect energy-conservation, be disadvantageous by being converted to.
In the present invention, shown in the solid line of Fig. 2, the change waveform of pilot pressure.That is: as the prolongation of the pressure oscillation of the conventional art shown in the dotted line of Fig. 2, when the control of explanation pressure oscillation waveform of the present invention, in Fig. 2, situation about changing has been described under pilot pressure PD, still, also can be under pilot pressure P1.In next one circulation, control gear 16 utilizes relative with the pilot pressure PD that changes in last circulation, and the pilot pressure (being pilot pressure P1 in this example) that only exceeds unlifting pressure value Δ PU is converted to unloading and turns round, and to cycle time t carry out timing.
Then, the calculating part 16B of control gear 16, this cycle time t than being stored under the short situation of short period T among the memory section 16A, the pressure P U of the unlifting pressure value Δ PU that only risen is once more set as pilot pressure PU.According to this pilot pressure PU, compressor 1 is converted to the unloading running.
As mentioned above, t cycle time of last time load running and unloading running is compared with short period T, until satisfying T>t, rise by the pressure that repeats unlifting pressure value Δ PU, the state below the short period T of its circuit that operates at load running and unloading running can not made, in addition, can also under the situation that is not converted to suction throttling control, carry out volume controlled, and can continue energy-saving operation.
The above-mentioned control flow of expression in Fig. 3.Be preferably, unlifting pressure value Δ PU is a target with about 0.05MPa, the peak of pilot pressure is below the authorized pressure of each parts, and the temperature that causes because of the pressure rising rises in allowed limits, and is controlled to be below the scope that can bring into play energy saving for suction throttle valve.
Fig. 4 is the performance plot of the compressor pressure change of another mode of execution of expression oil-flooded screw compressor capacity control device of the present invention.The symbolic representation identical or suitable part identical in Fig. 4 with the symbol of Fig. 3.
This mode of execution is except the volume controlled of a mode of execution of the invention described above, in the unlifting pressure value Δ PU that only rises with respect to the pilot pressure of last time setting, under t cycle time of load running and unloading running can not avoid to situation below the short period T, promptly, with last time load moving change and the unloading running cycle time t with short period T relatively, become T>t, and under the situation of measuring pressure Composition Control pressure P 1, control gear 16 will be converted to the signal that sucks throttling control and export solenoid valve 5 to, carry out the suction throttling control that the double dot dash line Y by Fig. 4 represents.
According to this mode of execution, same with above-mentioned mode of execution, except the effect that the consumption that can suppress parts is arranged,, be converted to the frequency that sucks throttling control owing to can reduce with respect to control in the past, therefore comparable energy-conservation in the past.
Below, utilize Fig. 5 that the invention described above mode of execution is described, be controlled at the favourable reason in energy-conservation aspect with respect to sucking throttling.
Fig. 5 is to have put down in writing air horsepower to use the figure of air quantity than Q than W for expression utilizes the figure of comparison of the energy conservation characteristic of various capacity control methods with respect to each.Characteristic curve A among Fig. 5 represents the energy conservation characteristic of general load running and unloading running control, and characteristic line B represents to suck the energy conservation characteristic of throttling control, and characteristic line C represents energy conservation characteristic of the present invention.
About energy-conservation, guarantee the capacity of air groove 13 fully, the energy conservation characteristic of bringing into play general load running and unloading running control is the best way, but as mentioned above, because the restriction in space etc. is set, be difficult to guarantee air groove 13, therefore, compressor manufacturing merchant is more usually at present to be to equip sucking throttling control by standard.
The energy conservation characteristic of embodiments of the present invention shown in Figure 5 is equivalent to the figure that pressure rising 0.05MPa does.As can be seen from Figure 5, under the situation of this pressure rising Δ PU, utilize capacity control method of the present invention, with respect to the suction throttling controlling method of using in the past, use in the zone of air quantity than Q in major part, air horsepower reduces than W.
From as can be known above, in this, can suppress the effect that parts consume except having, with respect to suction throttling control, favourable aspect energy-conservation with effect that identical inhibition parts consume.
In the above-described embodiment, illustrated in oil-flooded screw compressor and to have used example of the present invention, but in compression section, also in the water lubrication formula screw compressor applicable to water-spraying, and obtained same effect.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of capacity control device of screw compressor, this device utilize from the load running state and switch to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running and switch to the returning pressure of load running from the low-pressure running, control suction throttle valve, it is characterized in that having:
Detect the pressure detector of the delivery pressure of described compressor, and control unit; Described control unit, according to cycle time by described load running of mensuration calculation of pressure that described pressure detector detected and the running of described low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating according to the life-span of predefined each parts this cycle time below the short period, described pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side.
2, a kind of capacity control device of screw compressor, this device utilize from the load running state and switch to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running and switch to the returning pressure of load running from the low-pressure running, control suction throttle valve, it is characterized in that having:
Detect the pressure detector of the delivery pressure of described compressor, and control unit; Described control unit, according to cycle time by described load running of mensuration calculation of pressure that described pressure detector detected and the running of described low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating in the life-span of each parts of setting according to storage in advance this cycle time below the short period, described pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side, utilize the rising of described pilot pressure, under can not avoiding to described situation below the short period described cycle time, be converted to and suck throttling control.
3, the capacity control device of screw compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The described short period stipulated according to the life-span of described suction throttle valve.
4, the capacity control device of screw compressor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
The described short period stipulated according to the life-span of described suction throttle valve.
5, a kind of capacity control method of screw compressor, this method is, utilization switches to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running from the load running state, with the returning pressure that switches to load running from the low-pressure running, control the capacity control method of the screw compressor of suction throttle valve, it is characterized in that:
According to the mensuration pressure that pressure detector detected by the delivery pressure that detects described compressor, utilize control unit to calculate the cycle time of described load running and the running of described low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating according to the life-span of predefined each parts this cycle time below the short period, described pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side.
6, a kind of capacity control method of screw compressor, this method is, utilization switches to the pilot pressure of low-pressure running from the load running state, with the returning pressure that switches to load running from the low-pressure running, control the capacity control method of the screw compressor of suction throttle valve, it is characterized in that:
According to the mensuration pressure that pressure detector detected by the delivery pressure that detects described compressor, utilize control unit to calculate the cycle time of described load running and the running of described low-pressure, under the situation of stipulating in the life-span of each parts of setting according to storage in advance this cycle time below the short period, described pilot pressure is changed to the high pressure side, utilize the rising of described pilot pressure, under can not avoiding to described situation below the short period described cycle time, be converted to the control that sucks throttling.
CNA2006101375471A 2006-01-25 2006-10-25 Capacity control device and capacity control method for screw compressor Pending CN101008391A (en)

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JP2006016198 2006-01-25
JP2006016198A JP2007198199A (en) 2006-01-25 2006-01-25 Capacity control device and capacity control method for screw compressor

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CN104421142A (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-03-18 株式会社神户制钢所 Compressor and pressure control method thereof
CN104948467A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-09-30 无锡压缩机股份有限公司 Oil-way system for air-cooling dry screw compressor
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CN102287372B (en) * 2010-06-18 2015-02-25 株式会社日立制作所 Screw compressor and control apparatus thereof
CN104421142A (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-03-18 株式会社神户制钢所 Compressor and pressure control method thereof
CN104421142B (en) * 2013-09-04 2017-01-04 株式会社神户制钢所 Compressor and compress control method thereof
CN104948467A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-09-30 无锡压缩机股份有限公司 Oil-way system for air-cooling dry screw compressor

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