CN101007957A - Method for producing biodiesel oil and soil regulator using plant waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural energy field, which in detail relates to a method for producing biodiesel and soil modifier with plant waste. The method comprises following steps: disintegrating plant waste, hydrolyzing with normal enzyme or acid and getting hydrolysate, fermentating with hydrolysate to culture bacteria producing fat; inoculating endotrophic bacteria or probiotics to hydrolytic waste; extracting fat from cultured bacteria, methyl esterification for extracted fat and getting biodiesel; mixing bacteria waste and straw hydrolytic waste inculated with endotrophic bacteria or probiotics and getting soil modifier. The invention maximizes efficent use of capital by making use of straw.

Description

Method with plant refuse production biofuel and soil redeposition

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural energy field, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing plant refuse production biofuel and soil redeposition.

Background technology

Wheat, paddy rice, corn, the potato class, oil plant, cotton, sugarcane and other farm crop be rest parts general designation stalk behind the results seed, and photosynthetic product has about half and is present in the stalk.For example, produce one kilogram of rice and can produce 1.5 kilograms of straw, one kilogram of wheat can produce 1.5 kilograms of wheat straws, and 1 kilogram of corn can produce 4 kilograms of maize straws.According to United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (UNEP) statistics, the stalk that produced every year of the various farm crop of plantation is nearly 1,700,000,000 tons in the world.In recent years, along with Rural Economic Development and farmers' income increase, obvious variation with structure taking place in urban residents, and commercial energy resources such as kerosene pneumoelectric obtain more and more general application.A large amount of residues of stalk have caused a series of environment and social concern.Every two seasons of autumn in summer, the igniting of village village, the phenomenon of everywhere smoldering is very general.According to investigations; China's straw utilization rate is about 33% at present; wherein only account for 2.6% through what utilize after the technical finesse; the stalk on-site incineration not only causes ample resources and energy dissipation; environmental pollution also can not be ignored, and therefore, technical study of high efficiency of energy trans-utilization and the energy product exploitation of carrying out stalk become AGRICULTURAL ENERGY and the environmental problem that needs to be resolved hurrily; to ensureing national energy security, national economy sustainable development and protection environment are significant.

The key reason that micro-biodiesel can not be produced is the production cost height, the residue after the straw hydrolysis, and the thalline that microorganism is extracted behind the grease can not make full use of.And biofuel scope of the enterprise benefit is very important, if scale is too little, enterprise is difficult to earn a profit, and when enterprise production reaches scale more than 100,000 tons, hydrolytic residue and somatic cells will reach more than 200,000 tons.If this part biomass as refuse treatment, will have very high cost.

Biofuel is meant and directly or indirectly derives from biological product, can be used as the material of diesel-fuel, comprises fatty acid ester that the crackate of vegetable and animals oils or vegetable and animals oils and short chain alcohol obtain through transesterification reaction etc.The patent that many associated biomolecule diesel oil are arranged at present both at home and abroad, however the cost problem is the widely used main problem of restriction biofuel.Only reduce cost, biofuel just has the wide range of commercial application prospect.

Oleaginous microorganism has aboundresources, the fat content height, and growth cycle is short, and the utilization of carbon source spectrum is wide, characteristics such as can grow under various culture condition.The microbial oil production technique is simple, and high-valued potentiality are big, helps carrying out commercial scale production and exploitation.The bacterial classification that research at present is used to produce microbial oil mainly contains algae, yeast and mould.Specific as follows:

In various algae, Chrysophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Diatomacae, algae can both produce the high-content polyunsaturated fatty acid in Cryptophyceae and the Dinophyceae.Common oleaginous yeast has: shallow white Cryptococcus, curved Cryptococcus, this Da Shi saccharomyces oleaginosus, the trichosporon that sprouts, produce oil saccharomyces oleaginosus, gluing rhodotorula, spore yeast of red winter of class etc.Common produce oil mould has: native mould, purpura ergot, Chinese sorghum pleat spore ustilago, Mortierella alpina, Mortierella isabellina.

Recently, to particularly point out microbe oil fermentation may be biofuel industry and bioeconomic important research direction in the report of American National renewable energy source laboratory (NREL).It is close with general vegetables oil that the lipid acid of most of microbial oil is formed, and is lipid acid with C16 and C18, and as oleic acid, palmitinic acid, linolic acid and stearic acid are main.The microbe oil fermentation cycle is short, be not subjected to the place, season, the influence of climate change etc., throughout the year except that maintenance of equipment, but continuous production all, and also the oleaginous microorganism microorganism resource is abundant, energy utilizes and transforms various agricultural waste wood cellulosic raw materials, and large agricultural country is had special meaning.Therefore, utilize microbe transformation method to obtain grease and have very large development potentiality.

Utilize microbial oil production biofuel also to carry out part Study both at home and abroad, the Wu Qing of Tsing-Hua University is surplus, Miu Xiaoling has obtained the heterotrophism frustule of lipid content up to dry cell weight 55% by heterotrophism transformant engineering, and the esterification process that the step of going forward side by side is carried out algae lipid acid has obtained high-quality biofuel.Yet the cost problem is the suitability for industrialized production that has limited micro-biodiesel, and little Trentepohlia is in lower plant, and its genetic engineering modified technology far there is not maturations such as yeast and bacterium, and it is also very obvious that little algae carries out the technical barrier of high-density culture.

If utilize microbial transformation waste essence cellulose resource to reduce cost, also help environment protection and social economy's Sustainable development, propose abandoned biomass resource production biofuel in 2006 as Hill and can reduce the viewpoint of biofuel cost greatly, but still do not had the correlation technique of bibliographical information agriculture and forestry organic waste material production biofuel both at home and abroad; Particularly fully utilize stalk, produce soil redeposition in the time of with microbial straw production biofuel, the still unmanned at present report of this processing method does not have patent yet.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing plant refuse production biofuel and soil redeposition.

The said method of utilizing plant refuse production biofuel and soil redeposition of the present invention is:

(1) enzymic hydrolysis or the acid hydrolysis by routine after the plant refuse pulverizing obtained hydrolysate,, obtain a large amount of thalline with the greasy microorganism of hydrolysate fermentation culture high yield; Hydrolytic residue inoculation endophyte or probiotic bacterium, stand-by;

(2) extract grease according to a conventional method from the thalline that cultivation obtains, the grease of extraction obtains biofuel by esterification again;

(3) the thalline residue is composite with the straw hydrolytic residue of inoculation endophyte or probiotic bacterium, obtains soil redeposition.

Said high yield grease microorganism is meant under optimum conditions, and the grease that certain micro-organisms produces and stores accounts for more than 20% of its biological total amount, and the bacterial strain with such phenotype is called the high yield grease microorganism.Known high yield grease microorganism includes but not limited to the listed bacterial classification of table 1:

Table 1 produce oil fat microorganism catalogue

Strain name	Latin name	The ATCC numbering
			Shallow white Cryptococcus	Cryptococcusalbidus	10665
This Da Shi saccharomyces oleaginosus	Lipomyces starkeyi	12659

Gluing rhodotorula	Rhodotorula glutinis	10659
			The red winter spore yeast of circle	Rhodosporidium toruloides	10788
Terreus	Aspergilllus terreus	10029
			Mortierella alpina	Mortierella alpina	16266
Mortierella ramanniana	Mortierella ramanniana	34194
			Mortierella isabellina	Mortierella isabellina	201898
Little Ke Yinhan is mould	Cunninghamella sp	11585
			Chaetomium thermophilum	Chaetomium thermophile	58420
Plan dish stey	Pestalotiopsis sp	90291
			Phomopsis	Phomopsis sp	201398
No spore flora	Myceliasterlia	20349
			Alternaria	Altemaria sp	11785
Trichodermareesei	Trichoderma reesei	46480

Said endophyte of plant be meant those the certain phase of its life history or all stages move in the various tissues of health plant and the fungi or the bacterium of organ inside, infected host plant (being temporary transient at least) does not show external symptom.As Phomopsis, the A.coenophialum of the mould genus of branch top spore, A.lolii, little spore plan dish stey, cephalo is mould, thorn dish spore bacterium, the yellow shape mould or the like (latin name and preserving number see Table 2) of wriggling.

Said plants probiotics is meant the microorganism to plant-growth, disease-resistant beneficial effect., hook mould as: trichoderma harziarum, viride, koning trichoderma, lignin wood wooden mould, the mould and green sticking broom of wooden mould, the many spore wood of long shoot is mould.Genus bacillus, pseudomonas, erwinia, subtilis QST713, pasteurellosis bacillus or the like (latin name and preserving number see Table 2).

Table 2 part endophyte, probiotic bacterium catalogue

Strain name	Latin name	Numbering is asked at US mode bacterial strain preservation center (ATCC)
			Koning trichoderma	Trichoderma koningii	201709
Trichoderma harziarum	T.harzianum	56678
			Viride	T.viride	20476
Lignin wood is mould	T.lignorum	38500
			Hook wood is mould	T.hamatum	204435
Long shoot wood is mould	T.longibrachiatum	18648
			Many spores wood is mould	T.polysporum	60004
Green sticking broom is mould	T.virens	204067

Subtilis	B.subtilis	33677
			Pasteurellosis bacillus	Pasteurella sp	13360
Pseudomonas	Pseudomonas spp	10197
			Erwinia	Erwiniasp	11417
Champac shape bacterium	Talaromyces flavus	36960
			Thorn dish spore bacterium	Colletotrichum gloeosporioides	58696
Cephalo is mould	Cephalosporium sp	204432
			Stem point is mould	Phoma sp	24635
Little spore plan dish stey	Pestalotiopsis microspora	26275
			Branch top spore is mould	Acremonium sp	11550
------	A.coenophialum	62374
			------	A.lolii	MYA-3408

Said plant refuse is village's plant refuse of agricultural or forestry, preferred agricultural waste material, preferably stalk.

Present method utilizes plant refuse to be converted into biofuel, is example with the maize straw, and per 7 tons of stalk theories can be produced one ton of bacterium oil, shows that utilizing lignocellulose to produce microbial oil has very considerable potential economic benefit.China's agriculture and forestry organic waste material aboundresources, only the agricultural crop straw annual output is nearly 1,000,000,000 tons, if be used to produce micro-biodiesel entirely, with alleviation even the Chinese problem of energy crisis that faces at present of solution greatly fully.Inoculated the stalk residue of endophyte of plant or probiotic bacterium, and the thalline residue behind the extraction grease, it is good soil redeposition, can chessom, improve Soil structure, the SOIL ORGANIC NITROGEN source is provided, thereby increase organic, soil physical and chemical property all there is good improvement effect, can solve the serious problems that China's soil fertility descends, and present straw utilization aspect, still useless its hydrolysate is produced micro-biodiesel and is produced soil redeposition simultaneously, so present method is compared with prior art, can make full use of the stalk composition and realize the economy of resources maximization, both the energy solved China's energy shortage problem, obtained soil simultaneously again and regulated product, and the vast market space is arranged.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention

Embodiment

Employed in the present invention term unless other explanation is arranged, generally has the implication of those of ordinary skills' common sense.

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and comparable data is described the present invention in further detail.Should be understood that these embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way.

In following embodiment, various processes of Xiang Ximiaoshuing and method are not ordinary methods as known in the art.The source of agents useful for same, trade(brand)name and be necessary to list its moiety person indicate when occurring first that all used thereafter identical reagent if no special instructions, and is all identical with the content of indicating first.

Embodiment 1:

Maize straw is pulverized through suitable, add nutritive salt, with Trichodermareesei (Trichoderma reesei) ATCC46480 25 ℃ of solid culture 3 days, add gluing rhodotorula (Rhodotorula glutinis) ATCC10659, cultivated 3 days, results, use the organic solvent extraction grease, under acid-base catalysis, carry out permutoid reaction with methyl alcohol, produce fatty acid methyl ester (being biofuel), products production solid waste inoculation endophyte of plant or probiotic bacterium (as probiotic bacterium koning trichoderma (Trichoderma koningii) ATCC201709) were cultivated 3 days for 20-25 ℃, through mixing, make content of microorganisms in the product, nutrition content is even, become soil redeposition, be used to improve the soil organism, the nitrogenous fertilizer level, increase soil microorganisms quantity.

Embodiment 2:

Rice straw is pulverized through suitable, with direct hydrolysis stalks such as microbial cellulase, hemicellulase, xylogen lytic enzymes, hydrolyzed solution adds the gluing rhodotorula ATCC10659 of the high produce oil of nutritive salt sterilization back inoculation, fermentation culture 3 days, results yeast thalline, use the organic solvent extraction grease, under acid-base catalysis, carry out permutoid reaction, produce fatty acid methyl ester (being biofuel) with methyl alcohol.Stalk enzymolysis solid waste inoculation endophyte of plant (Phomopsis (Phomopsis sp) ATCC201398), cultivated 3 days for 25 ℃, with the dry mycelium process allotment of yeast extraction back, become soil redeposition, be used to improve the soil organism, nitrogenous fertilizer level, increase soil microorganisms quantity.

Embodiment 3:

Willow fallen leaves or branch process are pulverized, inoculate high cellulase-producing, also high yield xylogen lytic enzyme simultaneously, and greasy endophyte of plant of high yield such as microorganisms such as chaetomium thermophilum (Chaetomium thermophile) ATCC58420, Phomopsis (Phomopsissp) ATCC201398, plan dish stey (Pestalotiopsis sp) ATCC90291, solid fermentation 10 days or liquid ventilation stir fermentation 5 days, the organic solvent extraction grease, under acid-base catalysis, carry out permutoid reaction, produce fatty acid methyl ester (being biofuel) with methyl alcohol.Solid waste is inoculated bacterial classifications such as Phomopsis ATCC201398, chaetomium ATCC58420 and plan dish stey ATCC90291 once more, cultivated 3 days for 25 ℃, through allotment, become soil redeposition, be used to improve the soil organism, nitrogenous fertilizer level, increase soil microorganisms quantity.

The invention is not restricted to these disclosed embodiments, the present invention will cover the scope described in the patent book, and the various modification of claim scope and equivalence variation.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of method of utilizing plant refuse production biofuel and soil redeposition the steps include:

(1) enzymic hydrolysis or the acid hydrolysis by routine after the plant refuse pulverizing obtained hydrolysate,, obtain a large amount of thalline with the greasy microorganism of hydrolysate fermentation culture high yield; Hydrolytic residue inoculation endophyte or probiotic bacterium or their combination, stand-by;

(2) extract grease according to a conventional method from the thalline that cultivation obtains, the grease of extraction obtains biofuel by esterification again;

(3) the thalline residue is composite with the straw hydrolytic residue of inoculation endophyte or probiotic bacterium, obtains soil redeposition.

As the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, wherein said plant refuse is a stalk.

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