CN101006248A

CN101006248A - Apparatus and methods for positioning in a borehole

Info

Publication number: CN101006248A
Application number: CNA2005800277795A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 中岛宏; 榎本敦
Original assignee: Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Current assignee: Prad Research and Development Ltd
Priority date: 2004-06-18
Filing date: 2005-06-06
Publication date: 2007-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 2025-06-06
Also published as: MXPA06014499A; GB2430001A; NO20070255L; RU2007101724A; US20050279498A1; WO2005124103A3; RU2378508C2; WO2005124103A2; US7281578B2; CN101006248B; GB2430001B; GB0624717D0; CA2570364A1; CA2570364C

Abstract

A borehole tool positioning and measuring apparatus and its methods of use are provided. The apparatus and method can be used to centralize a logging tool in a wellbore, or position a logging tool at a desired relative alignment relative to the wellbore perimeter surface. The method and apparatuses can be used to determine useful information regarding borehole size and configuration. Various embodiments are useful for centralizing, eccentralizing, and otherwise a borehole tool in a wellbore. Methods of determining borehole size and configuration measurement using a positioning apparatus are also provided.

Description

The apparatus and method of in pit shaft, locating

Technical field

The device and the using method thereof that the present invention relates in wellhole the location and measure.The invention still further relates to the device of measuring wellhole and the method that caliper logging (caliper measurement) is provided.

Background technology

Known many logging methods and instrument provide multiple wellhole data.A physical alignment that key character is instrument and wellhole of well logging.Centering of the action need downhole instrument of some type downhole instrument, the action need of the downhole instrument of other type be eccentric location in pit shaft, the preferably operation when contacting with well bore face of the downhole instrument of other types.

Known in heart, in pit shaft, locate downhole instrument prejudicially, perhaps in pit shaft, preferably align with other.Positioner also can be used for from the preferred distance location downhole instrument of pit shaft side face, or locatees downhole instrument on the pit shaft side face.When downhole instrument is sensitive to the instrument gap between instrument and the well bore wall, side-play amount, use the positioner particular importance.The type of device that becomes known for locating comprises pitman arm (link arm), sheet spring, semielliptic spring, the helical spring combination different with them.

The location downhole instrument is very difficult in pit shaft.Some pit shaft is irregular when drilling well.In addition, pit shaft side face structure is subjected to the influence of collapsing, corroding or washing on stratum.It is not desirable circle or uniform shape that these situations cause pit shaft.Similarly, in inclined to one side well, because the off plumb geometry, pit shaft is changed equably by circle.Pit shaft with non-circular perimeter edge often is called and has " minor axis " and " major axis ".The positioner of known symmetry seldom is used for the pit shaft of non-circular or inhomogeneous periphery.Therefore, can be not only circular or be desirable in the pit shaft but also at device non-circular or that do not arrange location downhole instrument in the pit shaft uniformly.

Some probe of logging well is equipped with additional springs such as those probes that provide density or little resistance (microresistivy) to measure, to guarantee contacting of transducer gasket (pad) and pit shaft.In these probes, spring can be set, make when probe when " minor axis " of pit shaft aligns, the potential energy minimum of whole spring system.Yet, when they can not adjustment, when systematic function or contact pressure can not be monitored, this known system has restriction.

When logging well in pit shaft, fixed well cylinder size and structure are useful.Known such certain methods is estimated borehole size, estimates well size by the data of processing and the acquisition of parsing logger or by the formation parameter from information such as bit size, drilling speed, fluid pressure and expection.Yet these methods only provide estimation, rather than directly measure.The direct measuring well hole dimension of known utilization machinery or acoustics caliper.But it is disadvantageous measuring the required cost of wellhole and make great efforts with independent caliper.Can provide the positioner of the direct measurement of wellhole to have operational advantage in caliper operating period.

When being arranged on that a plurality of loggers of same instruments string carry out logging operation in the wellhole, some appliance requires centers, and other appliance requires different preferred alignment in pit shaft.In other cases, expectation utilizes the identical downhole instrument that has different alignment in the wellhole to measure wellhole more than once.If identical device can constitute and be used to provide the different preferred alignment of wellbore logging instrument, be favourable for the well site operation.If it will be favourable that a plurality of identical positioners can be used in a plurality of downhole instruments of location instrument string.If one of a plurality of positioners can be used in to instrument and center, and another of a plurality of positioners can be used in locate another instrument prejudicially in wellhole, and this can be particularly useful.The positioner that can constitute and be used for the wellhole desired position neatly is essential.

In inclined to one side well, the correct alignment of the downhole instrument in the pit shaft is difficulty especially, because its out of plumb geometry, pit shaft generally changes from uniform circle.In addition, in inclined to one side pit shaft, the weight of downhole instrument itself is easy to instrument is positioned to partial center.The positioner of known symmetry is unsuitable for using in the out of plumb wellhole.Therefore, can in circular and non-circular pit shaft, the device of location downhole instrument be desirable.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of downhole instrument location and measurement mechanism and using method thereof.On the one hand, the present invention is used for centering to the logger of pit shaft.On the other hand, the present invention is used for relative pit shaft side face with desirable alignment relative location logger.On the other hand, the present invention can be used in the useful information of judging well size and structure.Other purpose of the present invention and be applied in following will be apparent in open.

The invention provides a kind of positioner and using method thereof of in pit shaft, locating downhole instrument.Different embodiments of the invention are used for that downhole instrument to wellhole centers, off-centre and otherwise give the location of the downhole instrument in the wellhole.The present invention also provides the measurement result of utilizing positioner to determine the method for well size and structure.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of device of locating of being used for, comprise main body in wellhole; A plurality of arms, each arm stretch independently and shrink independently; The push rod that connects each arm, each push rod operationally contacts with latch plate (spring sheet); With elastomeric spring mechanism, there is an end to contact with latch plate.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of device to be used for the device of locating, comprise main body in wellhole; The first arm connects first push rod, operationally contacts with first latch plate; Second arm connects second push rod, operationally contacts with second latch plate; With elastomeric spring mechanism, an end of the first latch plate contact resilient spring mechanism wherein, the end opposite of this contact resilient spring mechanism of second latch plate.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of measurement to be used for the device of locating, comprise long main body in wellhole; A plurality of arms, each arm connects independently push rod; Drive rod; The motor of power to drive rod can be provided; With at least one elastomeric spring mechanism, operationally contact and be positioned to drive rod at least one push rod is worked.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of wellhole caliper, comprise long main body; Drive rod; The motor of power to drive rod can be provided; With a plurality of arm systems, each arm system comprises: can outwards stretch, be pivotally connected to the arm of push rod from apparatus main body, push rod contacts with sensor; With elastomeric spring mechanism, be positioned to described push rod is worked, and operationally contact with drive rod.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of device that in wellhole, uses, comprising: a plurality of arms; With quick closedown mechanism, comprise that at least one is pivotally connected to the lever of a mount pad, with the relative push rod that lever is pivoted, wherein quick closedown mechanism is positioned in described a plurality of arms at least one exerted one's influence.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of in wellhole the method for location instrument, comprise the steps: a device is stretched in the wellhole, described device comprises main body; A plurality of arms, each arm stretch independently and shrink independently; The push rod that connects each arm, each push rod operationally contacts with latch plate; With elastomeric spring mechanism, there is an end to contact with latch plate; With

With at least one arm contact pit shaft side face.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of in wellhole the method for location instrument, comprise the steps: a device is stretched in the wellhole, this device comprises long main body; A plurality of arms, each arm connects independently push rod; Drive rod; The motor of power to drive rod can be provided; With at least one elastomeric spring mechanism, operationally contact and be positioned to drive rod at least one push rod is worked;

Exciting electric operationally contacts at least one push rod so that drive rod moves; With

Move at least one push rod, contact the wellhole side face to stretch at least one arm.

According to other method of the present invention, a kind of method of measuring wellhole is provided, comprising:

The wellhole device is stretched in the pit shaft, and this device comprises long main body; Drive rod; The motor of power to drive rod can be provided; With a plurality of arm systems, each arm system comprises the arm that can outwards stretch, be pivotally connected to push rod from apparatus main body, and described push rod contacts with sensor; With elastomeric spring mechanism, be positioned to described push rod is worked, and operationally contact with drive rod;

Utilize the sensor initial position of each arm of sensing independently, thereby produce the initial position signal of each arm;

Extending arm is with contact wellhole surface;

Utilize the sensor extended position of each arm of sensing independently;

Produce the extended position signal of each arm;

Handle initial position signal and extended position signal, with the measuring well hole surface.

Description of drawings

Because of the description of following accompanying drawing, advantage of the present invention will be apparent.Should be appreciated that accompanying drawing just is used for explanation, and does not think limitation of the invention or limitation of the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 a and 1b represent the embodiment of positioner of the present invention.

Fig. 2 represents the present invention includes the compact embodiment of auxiliary spring.

Fig. 3 a and 3b represent another compact embodiment of positioner.

Fig. 4 a represents the embodiment of adjustment of the present invention.

Another embodiment of Fig. 4 b presentation graphs 4a positioner.

Fig. 5 a-5d represents motorization embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 represents another motorization embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 a-7b represents to be used for quick release mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 8 represents to be arranged on the embodiments of the invention in the pit shaft.

Fig. 9 a-9d is illustrated in the use of many positioners of the present invention in the logging system.

In the whole accompanying drawing, identical Reference numeral is with to describe expression similar and needn't components identical.Although the present invention allows various modification and replaceable form, specific embodiment is represented by the example in the accompanying drawing and will be described in detail in this article.Yet, should be appreciated that, and not mean that the present invention is defined as particular forms disclosed.On the contrary, the present invention covers all modification, equivalent and refill, and these all fall in the scope of the invention of accessory claim qualification.

The specific embodiment

In Fig. 1 a, the arm 20a that is connected with push rod 30a shown in positioner 10 comprises, with shown in the arm 20b that is connected with push rod

30b.Push rod

30a and 30b contact spring plate 50, an end of latch plate 50 contact resilient spring mechanisms 40.A kind of suitable elastomeric spring mechanism is a helical spring.The other end of spring 40 is fixed.Here employed " fixing " is meant that restriction moves, and for example, the example how this restriction produces includes but not limited to be fastened on the appropriate location or against immovable structure, for example illustrated retaining (stop) 34.Shown in structure in, when spring 40 sexual state or when spring 40 was in preloading condition in some embodiments,

arm

20a and 20b stretched therein.In stretching into the wellhole process, the arm 20a of stretching, extension contacts the pit shaft side face with 20b.Arm 20a is around fulcrum 32a rotation and through connector 28a mobile putter 30a.Arm 20b is around fulcrum 32b rotation and through connector 28b mobile putter 30b.Act on trying hard to recommend on arm 20a, the 20b by the contact borehole wall and move

push rod

30a, 30b, and pass to spring 40 through latch plate 50.When contact force during greater than the resistance of spring 40, spring 40 compressions,

arm

20a, 20b shrink towards apparatus main body 14 pivotally around

fulcrum

32a, 32b respectively.In this structure,

arm

20a and 20b shrink in couples and stretch.Arm 20c shown in Fig. 1 b and 20d are arranged on the complementary direction of arm 20a and 20b.Fig. 1 b illustrates an example direction, and wherein

arm

20c and 20d are perpendicular to arm 20a and 20b.At first,

arm

20c and 20d stretch, and spring 41 is sexual states therein.

Spring

40 and 41 can have identical or different elastic constants.When arm 20c contact pit shaft side face, contact force is along with promotion, the process latch plate 51 of push rod 30c pass to elastomeric spring mechanism 41, and this contact force passes to push rod 30c around fulcrum 32c through connector 28c.When arm 20d contact pit shaft side face, contact force is along with promotion, the process latch plate 51 of push rod 30d pass to elastomeric spring mechanism 41, and this contact force passes to push rod 30d around fulcrum 32d through connector 28d.Every pair of arm can be independent of another arm to stretching or shrinking to 20a, 20b and arm to 20c, 20d.Should be noted that term used herein " contraction ", " collapsible " comprise owing to give the contractile member of device external force.Arm can the distance means main body stretch identical or different distance to 20a, 20b and arm to 20c, 20d.In some embodiment and some use,, preferably utilize

spring

40 and 41 with identical or close elastic constants such as to the center.In further embodiments, such as being used for " minor axis " wellhole, the

preferred spring

40 and 41 that utilizes with different elastic constantss.

When instrument is placed in the non-circular wellhole, be placed in the position of aiming at wellhole " major axis " easily.Should " major axis " may be uneven and undulatory; It is of poor quality easily to measure the data that obtained along " major axis ".Known " minor axis " technology can be used in non-circular wellhole.Because in the minor axis district of wellhole, borehole wall is easy to level and smooth fully, so the general quality height than the instrument of aiming at " major axis " of the measurement that the instrument of aiming at " minor axis " produces.For the contact of the small pieces of the probe that guarantees to log well, with the well logging that " minor axis " produces density or little resistance, probe is equipped with spare spring in advance such as those, be arranged in probe along " minor axis " to potential energy minimum punctual, whole spring system.Yet the operational drawbacks of this system is to adjust, and can not monitor the performance of this system in wellhole.

Be shown with two arms although should be noted that some the embodiment figure that describes in this article, apparent, can consider to use two or more arms within the scope of the invention.In addition, have independent device main body 14, also can consider within the scope of the invention in the entire body of the downhole instrument that stretches into, positioner to be set, and do not adopt the independent case that only centers on positioner although positioner is shown in the drawings.

With reference to Fig. 2, another embodiment of positioner 10 comprises elastic biasing arrangement 70a, the 70b that is arranged on bar 30a, the 30b that is connected with arm 20a, 20b.Suitable fexible bias pressure comprises auxiliary spring, helical spring and disc spring.Make the spring length of unloading longer with the length of maximum contact force compresses than them, can be close for the contact force of all arms, even expand, such as what generally when instrument is eccentric, occur for the arm of big difference very.In this embodiment,

arm

20a and 20b are independently of one another, are not to shrink in couples and stretch.Auxiliary spring 70a has identical with different elastic constantss with 70b.When arm 20a contact pit shaft side face, the contact pressure on arm 20a is delivered to bar 30a through connector 28a around fulcrum 32a, causes that bar 30a moves.Moving of bar 30a resisted by auxiliary spring 70a.The dististyle 75a restriction that auxiliary spring 70a is fixed.In some embodiments, the position of dististyle 75a utilizes removable pin to fix, thereby the position of dististyle 75a can be adjusted, with compression or release auxiliary spring 70a.

As long as the contact force on arm 20a is less than the resistance of auxiliary spring 70a, bar 30a is contact spring plate 50 not.When resistance that the contact pressure on arm 20a provides greater than auxiliary spring 70a, bar 30a moves, and with contact spring plate 50, and then latch plate 50 moves, with elasticity of compression spring mechanism 40.Latch plate 42 contacts with bolt 44.Can adjust bolt 44, come elasticity of compression spring mechanism 40, maybe can adjust bolt 44, allow latch plate 42 shrink, thereby allow elastomeric spring mechanism 40 stretch from elastomeric spring mechanism 40 with holddown spring plate 42.

When arm 20b contact pit shaft side face, the contact pressure on arm 20b passes to bar 30b around fulcrum 32b through connector 28b, causes that 30b moves.Moving of bar 30b resisted by auxiliary spring 70b.Dististyle 75 restrictions that auxiliary spring 70b is fixed.In some embodiments, the position of dististyle 75b utilizes removable pin to fix, thereby the position of dististyle 75b can be adjusted, with compression or release auxiliary spring 70b.

When the contact force on arm 20b during less than the resistance of auxiliary spring 70b, bar 30b is contact spring plate 50 not.When resistance that the contact pressure on arm 20b provides greater than auxiliary spring 70b, bar 30b moves, and with contact spring plate 50, and then latch plate 50 moves, with compression spring 40.If bar 30a or bar 30b be contact spring plate 50 not, spring 40 is at neutral position, and latch plate 50 is approximately perpendicular to the axis of spring 40.In some embodiments, spring 40 can be deployed in the positioner 10 with its pre-compressed state, and any one or two that are positioned to

latch plate

50 and 30a, 30b contacting of keeping continuing.Like this, any one of

arm

20a, 20b or two can launch in the position of outwards stretching, the amount that the precommpression level affects arm of spring outwards stretches.In this structure, precompressed spring 40 applies power through latch plates 50 on any one or two of

bar

30a, 30b, with any one or two of extending arm 20a, 20b.During the roughly the same amount of the resistance that provides greater than auxiliary spring 70b when the resistance that provides greater than auxiliary spring 70a in the contact force on the arm 20a and the contact pressure on arm 20b,

bar

30a and 30b promote latch plate 50 about equally, and latch plate still is approximately perpendicular to the axis of elastomeric spring mechanism 40.Compression to spring 40 is roughly even, and the resistance of spring 40 is applied on the latch plate 50 about equally.As a result, resistance is applied on arm 20a, the 20b about equally by bar 30a, the 30b that contacts with latch plate 50.

Arm

20a, 20b stretch about equally or shrink.

When in the contact force on the arm 20b greater than the resistance on the auxiliary spring 70b, but the contact pressure on arm 20a has only bar 30b that latch plate 50 is applied power when being not more than the resistance of auxiliary spring 70a.Latch plate 50 compression springs 40, arm 20b shrinks.When in the contact force on the arm 20a greater than the resistance of auxiliary spring 70a and the contact force on arm 20b resistance greater than auxiliary spring 70b, still, contact force is not about equally the time, bar 30a applies different power with 30b to latch plate 50.Spring 40 is compressed unevenly, and latch plate 50 is not the axis approximate vertical of maintenance and spring 40.Suppose that bar 30a applies bigger power, near part compression spring 40 compressions bar 30a are more, cause latch plate 50 towards bar 30b at angle.The compression of arm 20a response spring 40 and the mobile contraction of latch plate 50.When the contact force on

arm

20a, 20b during respectively greater than the resistance of

auxiliary spring

70a, 70b, two

bar

30a and 30b apply power to latch plate 50, with compression spring 40.Although for convenience's sake, Fig. 2 illustrates a pair of relative arm, should be appreciated that, can use a plurality of arms in this embodiment, each arm role arm 20a as described herein and 20b.

Obviously, the present invention can dispose the elastic biasing arrangement with identical or different resistance.In one case, auxiliary spring has identical rigidity, makes when each arm is applied identical power the push rod contact spring plate of each arm.Replacedly, can use the auxiliary spring of different elastic constantss, make push rod produce different power to different arms with the contact of latch plate.Similarly, it is poor that the present invention can dispose the rigidity that changes between elastic biasing arrangement and the elastomeric spring mechanism.And, when positioner 10 stretches into inclined to one side pit shaft or out of plumb pit shaft, this structure particularly suitable, thereby in order on borehole wall, to locate, selected arm stretches more rigidly outwardly, and other arm is configured to more freely move, and when positioner is mobile in pit shaft, allows those arms and borehole wall keep in touch.In some embodiments, on one or more arms, can provide one or more sensors.In specific embodiments, sensor is arranged on the arm that more freely disposes along borehole wall, thereby the caliper logging of wellhole is provided.

Compact embodiment at the positioner that comprises elastic biasing arrangement and two pairs of arms shown in Fig. 3 a and the 3b.Fig. 3 b represents along the sectional drawing of the hatching A-A ' of Fig. 3 a.With reference to Fig. 3 a and 3b,

arm

20a, 20b form relative a pair of, and

arm

20c, 20d form relative a pair of.When arm 20a contact pit shaft side face, power is transmitted around the fulcrum 32a that is connected with connecting rod (link) 33a, and connecting rod 33a is through connector connecting rod 30a.When arm 20b contact pit shaft side face, power is transmitted around the fulcrum 32b that is connected with connecting rod 33b, and connecting rod 33b is through connector connecting rod 30b.Bar 30a is connected latch plate 50 with 30b.When spring 40 compressions, it is pressed on the latch plate 50 and by latch plate 50 and resists.The mobile of latch plate 51 is limited in a direction by retaining 34.

When arm 20c contact pit shaft side face, power is transmitted around the fulcrum 32c that connects connecting rod 33c, and connecting rod 33c is through connector connecting rod 30c.When arm 20d contact pit shaft side face, power is transmitted around the fulcrum 32d that connects connecting rod 33d, and connecting rod 33d is through connector connecting rod 30d.Bar 30c is connected latch plate 51 with 30d.The connection that type is suitable comprises mechanical connector and physical connection, and mechanical connector is all if any pin and screw, and physical connection is all if any welding and shaping.When power be applied to arm 20c, when 20d is last, latch plate 51 holddown springs 40.When spring 40 compressions, its holddown spring plate 50.Latch plate 50 be limited in a direction by retaining 35.Like this, make wellhole contact force that a pair of

arm

20a, 20b shrink through the moving and the compression transmission of spring 40 of bar, stretch another to arm 20c, 20d in the whole Limitation Of Movement in the moving range that limits with the distance between retaining 34 and 35, in latch plate 50 and 51.Such as providing simple positioner, wherein only need single spring 40 at the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 3 a and the 3b.

The effective resistance of spring 40 can increase or reduces by many modes, to adjust the degree that arm 20 stretches or shrinks.For example, can provide the spring that is greater than or less than elastic constants.Another embodiment comprises provides kick spring.Another embodiment comprises can adjust kick spring.

Fig. 4 a represents to comprise another embodiment of a pair of arm 20a and 20b.Arm 20a is through connector 28a connecting rod 30a, and arm 20b is through connector 28b connecting

rod 30b.Bar

30a and 30b be contact spring plate 50.Kick spring 45 connects the reverse side of latch plate 50.Kick spring 45 usefulness retaining 34 is affixed.The contact force that pit shaft week is faced arm 20a makes bar 30a mobile spring plate 50, with compression spring 40.The contact force that pit shaft week is faced arm 20b makes bar 30b mobile spring plate 50, with compression spring 40.Move and the compression of spring 40 of latch plate 50 are resisted by kick spring 45.In one embodiment,, can adjust the amount of resistance that moves of the latch plate 50 that provides by kick spring 45 by moving the position of retaining 34, thus compression or stretch kick spring 45.Device as shown, retaining 34 can move to retaining 34 ', to stretch kick spring 45.

Fig. 4 b diagram comprises another embodiment of second couple of arm 20c and 20d.Arm 20c connecting rod 30c, arm 20d connecting

rod 30d.Bar

30c and 30d be contact spring plate 51.Kick spring 46 connects the reverse side of latch plate 51.The end opposite of kick spring 46 is fixing with retaining 35.The contact force of facing arm 20c pit shaft week makes bar 30c promote latch plate 51, thus compression spring 40.The contact force of facing arm 20d pit shaft week makes bar 30d promote latch plate 51, thus compression spring 40.Move and the compression of spring 40 of latch plate 51 are resisted by kick spring 46.Position compression by moving retaining 35 or stretch kick spring 46, the amount of resistance that the latch plate that can adjust kick spring 46 provides moves.As shown in the figure, retaining 35 can move to retaining 35 ', to stretch kick spring 46.

When the downhole instrument string moved up or down in pit shaft, by covered structure such as link, pitman arm, sheet spring or semielliptic spring, arm 20 can remain on punctured position.Can consider that within the scope of the present invention arm 20 directly contacts the inner surface of well side face or arm 20 contact semielliptic springs or link, the external surface contact pit shaft side face of semielliptic spring or link.Consider this structure and the spirit or scope that do not break away from the present invention.Should be noted that the pit shaft side face can be borehole wall, leg or any other element that forms the wellhole annular inner surface.

With reference to Fig. 5 a-5d, embodiments of the invention are shown have motor 22.In Fig. 5 a,

registration arm

20a, 20b that positioner 10 has contraction are shown, for example, when positioner 10 was stretched into wellhole or pulls out wellhole, this structure was of great use.In Fig. 5 d, positioner 10 is shown has the motor 22 that is used for full extension registration arm 20a, 20b.Fig. 5 b and 5c are illustrated in contraction, and (Fig. 5 a) and the structure of interfix between the full extension (Fig. 5 d).In Fig. 5 b, the only biased device of

registration arm

20a,

20b

71,72 is shown stretches, and in Fig. 5 c, the combination of the power that

registration arm

20a, 20b

response biasing device

71,72 and spring 40 apply is shown and stretches.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a-5d, kick spring 45 is arranged between

latch plate

54 and 50 with neutral state (free height) at the beginning, kick spring 46 is arranged between

latch plate

51 and 53 with neutral state (free height) at the beginning, and spring 40 is provided with against

latch plate

50 and 51 with its pre-compressed state at the beginning.In use, the operation of the condition responsive positioner 10 of

kick spring

45,46 and spring 40 and changing.Obviously, in order in various bore structures, to use, thereby to utilize spring or substitute and make positioner 10 adaptations in the present invention and scope of the disclosure with having different elastic constants springs with various elastic constantss.

In Fig. 5 a-5d,

optional link

80a and 80b are shown.Arm 20a contacts in link 80a inside and with link 80a, and arm 20b contacts in link 80b inside and with link 80b.In this structure,

link

80a and 80b are extensible, with contact pit shaft side face.Should be appreciated that the present invention does not require the use covering mechanism, such as

pitman arm

80a and 80b, if use, the combination of any kind or this covering mechanism can be used for the present invention.

Independent arm can move with driven form.Arm 20a connecting rod 30a, bar 30a extends to sensor 60a.The relative position of sensor 60a test rod 30a, thereby the degree that detection arm 20a stretches or shrinks.The right sensors example comprises linear potentiometer or linear variable differential sensor (LVDT).When adjusting the degree that restricted arm can stretch or shrink, sensor 60a can play the retaining head and act on.The biasing device 71 usefulness retaining 36 that is arranged on the bar 30a is fixed an end, other end contact dististyle 76.An example of biasing device is a spring.Because the end is fixed, push that biasing device 71 can apply tensile force or compressive force is given bar 30a.Although consider to use within the scope of the present invention any suitable biasing device, diagram biasing device 71 is an auxiliary spring.

In this article, for convenience's sake, the arm that biasing device 71 applies tensile force is called stretching arm, and the arm that biasing device 71 applies compressive force is called the compression arm.For example, arm 20b is illustrated as the compression arm.Arm 20b connecting rod 30b.The biasing device 72 usefulness retaining 37 that is arranged on the bar 30b is fixed an end, other end contact dististyle 77.

Like this, arm can move independently.Therefore, might inwardly be pushed away manyly than another arm by material around by an arm.A plurality of arms in this embodiment comprise the combination of stretching arm and compression arm, comprise all compression arm or stretching arms.

The structure of the embodiment that the arm 20 of Fig. 5 a illustrated position device is closed for example, stretches into pit shaft or uses when pit shaft is regained downhole instrument at downhole instrument.In the structure shown in Fig. 5 a, stretching auxiliary spring 71 applies and draws supernatural power to give bar 30a, and compression auxiliary spring 72 applies compressive force and gives bar 30b.

Motor 22 control arms move punctured position (shown in Fig. 5 a) and extended position (shown in Fig. 5 b).Motor 22 provides linear and moves to symmetrical link rod 24, and therefore,

connection element

26 and 27 is arranged on the link rod, with contacting of influence and latch plate.The rotation of link rod 24 causes that the linearity of connection element 27 and 28 moves.An example of symmetry link rod type is reversible ball-screw, and an example of connection element comprises ball

nut.Connection element

26 and 27 is arranged on the link rod 24, make rotating link 24 can mobile connection element 26 with contact spring plate 50, and can mobile connection element 27 with contact spring plate 51.This imposes on power and then the compression or the expansion spring 40 of

latch plate

50 or 51, thereby shrinks or extending arm 20a and 20b.Sensor 100 (LVDT or potentiometer) is used for determining desirable nut location.

Describe a specific embodiment now, wherein, link rod 24 is symmetrical ball-screws, connection element the 26, the 27th, the ball nut of interior engagement.When positioner 10 when the ideal of wellhole is placed the degree of depth, exciting electric 22 applies moment and gives leading screw 24,

nut

26 and 27 is arranged on the leading screw 24.Nut 26 is arranged on the leading screw 24 between latch plate 54 and 50.The moving range of latch plate 50 is kept off 34 and a 34 ' restriction.Nut 27 is arranged on the leading screw 24 between latch plate 51 and 53.The moving range of latch plate 51 is kept off 35 and a 35 ' restriction.Leading screw 24 stretches along the axis of spring 40 and kick spring 45,46.One end of kick spring 45 is fixed on the latch plate 54, and the other end of kick spring 45 is fixed on the latch plate 50.One end of kick spring 46 is fixed on the latch plate 50, and the other end of kick spring 46 is fixed on the latch plate 53.Leading screw 24 travelling

nuts

26 and 27 that rotated by motor 22.

Fig. 5 d diagram is used for positioner of the present invention is placed on the embodiment of shaft location.Shown in full stretched out structure in, nut 26 its farthest limit be arranged near the latch plate 54 and draw latch plate 50 towards latch plate 54, up to latch plate 50 contact retainings 34 ', thereby stretch kick spring 45.Like this, latch plate 50 stretches spring 40.In some embodiments, spring 40 is compressed at the beginning, when for the contraction of arm, when

nut

27 and 26 discharges 40 compression, makes spring 40 promote latch plates 50, up to latch plate 50 contact retainings 34 ' and 35 '.Therefore, before the nut 27 contact spring plates 54 and before beginning to stretch kick spring 45, the power contact retaining that latch plate 50 produces by spring 40 34 '.After nut 27 contact spring plates 54,

spring

40 and 45 acts on the armed lever.Nut 27 its farthest limit, be arranged near the latch plate 53 and draw latch plate 51 towards latch plate 53, up to latch plate 51 contact retainings 35 ', thereby stretch kick spring 46.Arm 20a directly contacts in the inside of link 80a and with link 80a, and arm 20a is stretched over contact pit shaft side face.Arm 20b is stretched over link 80b and contacts the pit shaft side face.

When location downhole instrument in pit shaft, the structure with positioner 10 arms of all arms that stretches as shown in Figure 5 is useful.Arm 20a connecting rod 30a, bar 30a is stretched over sensor 60a.The relative position of sensor 60a test rod 30a, thereby the degree that detection arm 20a stretches or shrinks.The auxiliary spring 71 usefulness retaining 36 that is arranged on the bar 30a is fixed an end, other end contact dististyle 76.Stretching auxiliary spring 71 1 ends are fixed and can be applied pulling force to bar 30a.Arm 20 connecting rod 30b, bar 30b is stretched over sensor 60b.The relative position of sensor 60b test rod 30b, thereby the degree that detection arm 20b stretches or shrinks.The auxiliary spring 72 usefulness retaining 37 that is arranged on the bar 30b is fixed an end, other end contact dististyle 77.Compression auxiliary spring 72 can apply compressive force to bar 30b.

Embodiment shown in Fig. 5 d represents positioner 10, and it has and is used for the structure that centers to

downhole instrument.Arm

20a and 20b stretch about

equally.Kick spring

45 and 46 rigidity are roughly the same.In this structure, whole positioner 10 is operated effectively.Auxiliary spring 71 applies pulling force and gives bar 30a and arm 20a, and shown latch plate 50 in abutting connection with retaining 34 ' draws spring 45 and pushes away spring 40.Auxiliary spring 72 applies compressive force and gives bar 30b and arm 20b.Shown latch plate 52 in abutting connection with retaining 35 ' draws spring 46 and pushes away spring 40.

Other embodiment that comprises positioner 10 within the scope of the invention.In an alternative embodiment, auxiliary spring 71 constitutes provides tensile force to bar 30a, and auxiliary spring 72 constitutes provides tensile force to bar 30b, or two auxiliary springs constitute and provide compressive force to they bars separately.

Kick spring

45 and 46 has close or different elastic constantss, and has close or

different length.Arm

20a and 20b have identical or different length.

Although figure is shown with two arms, obviously, can provide a plurality of arms.For example, in one embodiment, around positioner roughly at interval 90 degree four arms are set.Replacedly, every 60 degree six arms can be set around positioner between big.In this structure, each arm can be independent of other arm and stretch and shrink.Replacedly, some arms can be paired, makes wellhole act on this active force on arm is caused the contraction of an arm and the stretching, extension of relative arm.

In one embodiment, retaining 34 ' and 35 ' can be the pin with certain unsymmetric structure, and opening can be separately positioned on

latch plate

50 or 51, and opening is identical unsymmetric structure.When expectation did not allow arm 20a contact borehole wall, bar 30a rotation allowed register on retaining 34 ' and the latch plate 51, thereby allowed retaining 34 ' by latch plate 50 (unpowered position).When expectation allowed arm 20a contact borehole wall, bar 30a rotation made retaining 34 ' and opening on the latch plate 50 not line up, thereby through 50 pairs of springs 40 of latch plate exert pressure (dynamic position).

In another embodiment, allow some arm to stretch farther from instrument than other arm.This embodiment is particularly useful in eccentric pit shaft, all substantially elliptical pit shafts that has main shaft and countershaft in this way of eccentric pit shaft.Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful in this wellhole.For example, arm can be provided with like this, wherein arrange one group of relative arm, make bar 30a rotation, thus the opening misalignment of retaining 34 ' and latch plate 50, therefore, exert pressure through 50 pairs of springs 40 of latch plate, simultaneously, the relative arm of another group is different layout, bar 30b rotation makes the register of retaining 35 ' and latch plate 52.In this structure, positioner of the present invention can be used for around the oval wellhole.When

nut

26 and 27 was arranged in dynamic position, shown in Fig. 5 a and 5d, the spring force of 40 (with 45) only was applied on the bar 30a, and bar 30b only opens with the power of auxiliary spring 70.Have only relative arm 20a to have big tensile force, therefore, those arms are stabilized on the main shaft of wellhole.

Fig. 6 illustrates one embodiment of the present of invention.Positioner 10 comprises a plurality of arms, for example, and

arm

20a, 20b and with respect to arm 20c, the 20d (not shown in Fig. 6) of

arm

20a, 20b located lateral.Each

arm

20a, 20b, 20c, 20d be connecting

rod

30a, 30b, 30c, 30d (

bar

30c and 30d are not shown) respectively.Connecting rod (33a shown in Figure 6,33b) can be used to provide this connection.In this structure, each arm and another arm shrink independently and stretch.The structure of two arms, four arms and six arms can specifically be used in various wellholes are used, although the present invention can use any amount of arm.In some embodiments, some arms can be different lengths, perhaps compare with another arm, stretch different distance from apparatus main body.In some embodiments, have relative arm as a pair of advantage of operating.

In the one or both ends of positioner, the electrical connection and the mechanical connection that can provide connector to position device and adjacent component.Provide in a known manner through the electrical connection of the instrument of electric connector with along the transmission of the main body of instrument.

Arm 20 can utilize various mechanisms or its combination to stretch.When positioner was used as caliper, for example, arm can only stretch under the power effect of auxiliary spring.Replacedly, when when the centralizer, arm can and compress under the different power effect that spring applies and stretch at auxiliary spring.In the application of other centralizer, arm can only stretch under the effect of the power of compressing spring.In addition, various extension means can be used in combination.For example, if expectation during eccentric alignment, the arm of selection can only stretch under the effect of auxiliary spring power, and other arm can stretch under the effect of the power that the compression spring applies.In non-motorised embodiment, by changing the position of each retaining head, spring can compress or stretch, thereby changes the power that imposes on arm.In motorization embodiment, ball-screw drives the nut that operationally contacts with latch plate, to compress spring or to allow spring stretch.

In motorization embodiment, the stretching, extension and the contraction of the operation of motor 22 and

spring

40,41,45 and 46 control arms 20.Bar causes moving of arm by means of connecting rod, and connecting rod be pivotally connected to bar the end and with being pivotally connected to of the end of arm.In the non-motorised structure, the detent force of each arm can mechanically be adjusted by retaining 34 stretching, extension or pull-off spring 45.

In motorization embodiment of the present invention, motor 22 control arm 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are towards the punctured position of the main body of positioner 10 with away from moving between the extended position of the main body of positioner 10.Motor 22 provides linear and moves to symmetrical link rod 24, so connection element 26 and 27 provides on link rod with the effective of latch plate and contacts.In Fig. 6, symmetrical link rod is illustrated as ball-screw, and connection element 26 and 27 is illustrated as nut.The rotation of ball-screw 24 causes that the linearity of nut 26 and 27 moves.Nut 26 and 27 is arranged on the ball-screw 24, make ball-screw 24 travelling nuts 26 of rotation, with contact spring plate 51, or travelling nut 27, with contact spring plate 52.Impose on this power of latch plate 51 or 52 and then compression or stretch spring 40, thereby as by make arm 20a and 20b shrink or stretch with pattern operating electrical machines 22 forward or backward desiredly.In one embodiment, the screw thread on the ball-screw 24 can be opposite in the end opposite of this leading screw, makes that nut 26 and 27 moves in opposite direction when leading screw 24 rotations.In this embodiment, nut 26 and 27 is moved towards each other, and makes latch plate 51 and 52 compress springs 40.By rotating threaded shaft 24, and then nut 26 is away from contact spring 50 after 51, and nut 27 then, stretches spring 45 and 46 respectively away from contact spring plate 53 after 52, makes the maximization of arm pressure.

Position sensor is measured the position of link rod, perhaps more particularly, in some embodiments, measures the position of the relative link rod of ball nut.In general, the relative main body of an end of position sensor is fixed, and the other end plays first end retaining head of link rod.Indicate with potentiometer separately the position of each arm, and positional information is transmitted go back to ground, is transferred to the downhole telemetry device, is recorded in the data storage, perhaps otherwise monitors or record.Like this, operator or controlling organization can reduce or increase the pressure of arm against wellhole along suitable direction operating electrical machines.In some embodiments, controlling organization comprises the pressure sensor of monitoring each arm end and based on adjusting the control system of the position of arm automatically with the contact pressure of wellhole.Relative bearing sensor such as inclinator can be used for the orientation of measuring apparatus in wellhole.

In some embodiments, can provide quick closedown mechanism; Fig. 7 a-7c illustrates the various embodiment of quick closedown mechanism.With reference to Fig. 7 a-7c, the embodiment of quick closedown mechanism is shown, comprise an only lever 66 between latch plate 50 and latch plate 52 at least.Lever 66 can at one end be pivotally connected to lever seat 68, makes an end of lever fix, and perhaps, lever 66 can be pivotally connected to towards the lever seat 68 at lever middle part, moves thereby two ends can pivot to connect around this.Lever seat 68 connects latch plate 52.The moving range of lever 66 is kept off 34 and 27 restriction.Push rod 69 connects relative latch plate 50.Should be noted that the term " push rod " that uses in this article is used to describe the bar that pushes away or draw or not only push away but also draw.When arm 20a and 20b contraction, latch plate 50 and 52 is movable relative to each other, push rod 69 engagement, levers 66.When latch plate 50 and 52 is closely mobile, lever 66 contact retaining 34, push rod 69 continues to be pressed on the lever 66.Cause like this acting on pulling force on the lever seat 68 by lever 66, thus acceleration spring plate 52 moving towards latch plate 50.Latch plate 52 stops latch plate 52 moving towards latch plate 50 with last contact of retaining 27.Shown in Fig. 7 c, removable push jack 67 can be set, it is positioned to engage with arbitrary movable terminal of the lever of installing pivotally at the middle part 66.

Positioner 10 can import in the wellhole along with the contraction of arm.In some embodiments, the arm pin can be set.In some applications, can the engaging arms pin, keeping selected arm, and in other is used, can remove the arm pin at punctured position, allow arm stretch.

If placement arm or positioner 10 are stuck in the wellhole under the situation of superpressure, it is favourable that preferred breakaway poing is provided, and for example is used for the safety pin of connector 28.The preferred point of fracture makes the device that blocks be shifted in wellhole, and can further not damage this device.

Can provide optional characteristic in some embodiments.Preferred breakaway poing can be included near near the boom end of arm.Safety pin can be used as connector 28 and provides, to form preferred breakaway poing.When compulsory withdrawal was stuck in positioner in the wellhole, breakaway poing provided preferential invalid position, thereby avoids any fracture in the positioner other places.

The foregoing description of parts provides the sufficient background of explaining exemplary embodiments operation of the present invention, describes the operation of exemplary embodiments of the present invention now.Positioner imports in the wellhole through vehicle such as cable (wireline), slip (slickline), flexible pipe.Positioner can provide or provide with downhole instrument independently.

In operation, when falling into device in the wellhole or pulling out wellhole, bar shrinks, and therefore, causes arm to contract, and makes them not contact borehole wall, draws thereby reduce.When logging well, push rod stretch and force cushion member with excellent contact against borehole wall.

One embodiment of the present of invention are to utilize the method for positioner as wellhole caliper logging wellhole.When positioner stretched into wellhole, arm shrank.In case falling to stretch to order, arrival target depth, the stretching, extension of response arm send positioner to.Generally speaking, when as the wellhole caliper, positioner is operated with the non-motorised pattern.Because each arm can be operated independently, positioner of the present invention can be used in the wellhole that non-homogeneous wellhole is provided and measures.The present invention have four or more the embodiment of multi-arm specifically be used for carrying out the caliper logging of oval wellhole minor axis and major axis.The use of caliper logging comprises to be estimated the wellhole capacity, estimate cement amount and proofread and correct the wellhole effect in data is handled.

Fig. 8 illustrates the wellhole caliper system that comprises positioner 10.Probe 90 stretches in the pit shaft 100 through vehicle 110.General vehicle comprises drilling rod, cable, flexible pipe, slip or alternate manner.When probe 90 was mobile in wellhole, arm 20e and 20f stretched, and link 80e contacts the pit shaft side face with 80f.Probe 60e detection arm 20e relatively moves, and sensor 60f detection arm 20f relatively moves.Known sensor can be easily converts the relative position of arm to can recorded downhole or be transferred to the signal of telecommunication on ground.Like this, the invention provides information, when the wellhole side face moves, play the caliper effect about the structure of well size and associated wall.Generally, the data that reflect each sensor of each corresponding caliper arm position are exported the function that is recorded as the degree of depth in the well.Because a plurality of arms that had possess the independently dark position of sensor output data reflection arm, the present invention can be used in the expression value of record pit shaft cross section, and this expression value is recorded the function as the degree of depth.Known ground system provides this registering capacity.For the use of this required sensing data be included in that data are handled or the caliper logging of wellhole during the wellhole compensation calculate.The caliper logging of many application need wellholes, such as, cement amount calculates.

The present invention has many purposes for location in wellhole.A kind of method is included in the pit shaft and centers to downhole instrument, such as, sonic apparatus.In some applications, positioner can be placed on above the sonic apparatus and below.An embodiment who comprises motor centers particularly useful for the downhole instrument of giving each arm with the operation of motorization pattern.Positioner is along with the contraction of arm imports pit shaft.When positioner arrived target depth, motor drove by guidance command.The power that must extending arm in order to center to downhole instrument contacts wellhole can depart from according to wellhole and changes, and because of wellhole departs from can the bigger power of needs.When positioner is in wellhole, can adjust the power that motor is sent to driving shaft through guidance command, and then power passes to bar and arm.

When downhole instrument and positioner passed wellhole, position data obtained from the sensor that is installed on the device arm, and is used for monitoring the centralization of downhole instrument at pit shaft.At the location downhole instrument, measure, during then at another location location downhole instrument, each embodiment that the present invention includes quick closedown mechanism is particularly useful.If detect off-centre, can provide the order that increases or reduce motor power.In general, the power that motor begins to provide lower is to the location device, only just increases power when needs center to downhole instrument in pit shaft.In order to promote to contact with the good of borehole wall, sensor can be placed on the hinged liner (articulated pad).

The independently action of arm of the present invention is advantageous particularly in inclined to one side well, wherein can increase the stretching force of following arm, with the subtended angle that keeps straight every pair of arm to equate respectively.Therefore, do not consider well diameter and depart from that this downhole instrument just can correctly center when well logging.

Obviously, the present invention also be provided at and the hole in the apparatus and method of eccentric location.In this application, the arm of selection can be operated with dynamic pattern, and other arm is operated with unpowered pattern.In stretching into the pit shaft process, dynamic arm shrinks, and motorless arm can shrink or not shrink.When arriving the degree of depth of pit shaft expectation, stretch order and deliver to dynamic arm, the powered extendable of this arm utilization expectation.

Device of the present invention can be used for the method for minor axis well logging.In oval wellhole, have towards the trend of oval-shaped major axis location downhole instrument.In order to contain this trend, can be to the arm use bigger power of the present invention along the minor axis alignment of oval wellhole.Replacedly, when positioner of the present invention used with the downhole instrument that itself comprises registration arm, arm of the present invention can be used for relative wellhole major axis location instrument, thereby allowed the registration arm of downhole instrument align with the wellhole minor axis.

And terrestrial operation person can this information adjust operation in real time.The known communication means from the terrestrial operation motor can be used to realize operation control of the present invention with the known method or the known method for other downhole instrument that provide power to be connected to motor from ground.Should be noted that in another embodiment sensor carrier of the present invention can be arranged on the arm.

Downhole hardware of the present invention can use separately; Can be to use more than one one group, wherein each embodiment is identical; Can be to use more than one one group, wherein embodiments of the invention change; Perhaps can or can make up at downhole instrument self-align in wellhole and use with other down-hole positioning device.For example, the down-hole logging system can comprise and is used for a downhole hardware of the present invention that centers to sonic apparatus and another downhole hardware of the present invention that different downhole instruments is positioned on the pit shaft.Similarly, the present invention can be preferably used for coming localization part instrument string in conjunction with other downhole instrument with self-align ability.Should also be noted that various embodiments of the invention,, can be used in conjunction with the instrument string such as motorization and non-motorised embodiment.

With reference to Fig. 9 a-9d, the example of down-hole logging system is shown, each preferred orientations under two kinds of situations of circular and oval wellhole wherein, a plurality of

positioner

10A, 10B, 10C, 10D be used for aliging various instruments (for example, the density liner instrument (density pad tool) 105 of wellhole; Sonic apparatus 101).In some embodiments, shown in Fig. 9 a, the separation that universal joint (knuckle joint) 120 is used to provide between the various positioners.Under the situation of circular wellhole, Fig. 9 a illustrates

positioner

10A and 10B as centerscope, wherein

arm

20a, 20b, 20c and the 20d of 10A, and the similar arm of 10B is arranged on dynamic position.The position that centers is provided for like this sonic apparatus 101.Yet some instrument should eccentric be located such as density liner instrument 105.Under the situation of circular wellhole, by power being provided preferably for some arm, device 10D can be used in location instrument prejudicially, simultaneously, for example the ability of shrinking owing to selectivity by narrow cross section the time is installed 10D and is had the advantage that surpasses traditional semielliptic spring centerscope.

Under the situation of oval wellhole, the combination of preferred two or more positioners is used for correctly locating various instruments.In order to locate the sonic apparatus 101 in the oval wellhole, preferably with whole four power arms operation 10A and 10B.In Fig. 9 c, it is all dynamic that device 10B four arm 20a ', 20b ', 20c ' and 20d ' are shown.Under the situation of oval wellhole, be desirably in well logging prejudicially on the minor axis (for example, surveying the minor axis of oval wellhole with density instrument 105), for the positioner 10C of operation, a pair of arm is dynamic pattern, and another is unpowered pattern to arm behaviour.In Fig. 9 d, device 10C is preferably with dynamic arm 20c ", 20d " and unpowered arm 20a ", 20b " operate.By above-mentioned operation, produce obviously bigger pressure along an axle, this pressure forces this axle to align with the wellhole major axis.This pays the utmost attention to instrument, and density instrument 105 is alignd with minor axis.

In other structure, rotary body adapter (rotatoradaptor joint) joint can preferably be provided between positioner, thereby make positioner relative to each other with various orientation alignment.For example, this can utilize two four arm location instruments that connect with the 45 rotary body adapters of spending offset settings that the functional of eight arm location instruments is provided.

Although illustrate and described the specific embodiment of apparatus of the present invention in this article, obviously, do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit, described device can carry out various variations and modification.Meaning that each combination at following claim each element described in each or step and element is construed as is meant all equivalent elements or combination.

Claims

1. one kind is used for the device of locating in wellhole, comprises

Main body;

A plurality of arms, each arm stretch independently and shrink independently;

The push rod that connects each arm, each push rod operationally contacts with latch plate; With

Elastomeric spring mechanism, the one end contacts with described latch plate.

2. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said elastomeric spring mechanism is a helical spring.

3. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises:

At least one and the second elastomeric spring mechanism that push rod operationally contacts, this second elastomeric spring mechanism has fixed end.

4. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said at least one second elastomeric spring mechanism comprises helical spring.

5. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises at least one position sensor, is configured to measure the position of at least one push rod.

6. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises the retaining head, thus the stretching, extension of control arm.

7. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises a plurality of retaining heads, can independently adjust the stretching, extension of each arm thus.

8. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also is included at least one sensor of the end of at least one arm.

9. device as claimed in claim 8, wherein said at least one sensor comprises the power sensor.

10. device as claimed in claim 9 wherein also comprises the control system of adjusting the position of arm based on the force sensor measuring result automatically.

11. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises covering mechanism.

12. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said covering mechanism are link, pitman arm, sheet spring or semielliptic spring.

13. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises quick closedown mechanism.

14. device as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises the relative bearing sensor.

15. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said latch plate comprises keyway, and described push rod comprises pin, this pin constitutes 1) when push rod rotation, pin align with keyway, by keyway, 2) when push rod rotation, pin and keyway do not line up, do not pass through keyway.

16. one kind is used for the device of locating in wellhole, comprises

Main body;

The first arm that connects first push rod operationally contacts with first latch plate;

Second arm that connects second push rod operationally contacts with second latch plate; With

Elastomeric spring mechanism, an end of the first latch plate contact resilient spring mechanism wherein, the end opposite of this contact resilient spring mechanism of second latch plate.

17. device as claimed in claim 16 wherein also comprises:

With at least one the elasticity auxiliary spring mechanism that operationally contacts in first or second push rod, this auxiliary spring mechanism has fixed end.

18. device as claimed in claim 17, the fixed end of wherein said auxiliary spring mechanism is fixed on the adjustable position latch plate.

19. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein said adjustable position latch plate operationally contacts with ball nut on being arranged on reversible ball-screw.

20. device as claimed in claim 19, the described reversible ball-screw of motor-driven wherein operationally contacts with described latch plate thereby move described ball nut, to compress or to discharge described auxiliary spring mechanism.

21. device as claimed in claim 16 is comprising two the first arms as first pair of operation.

22. device as claimed in claim 21 wherein also comprises two second arms as second pair of operation.

23. one kind is used for the device of locating in wellhole, comprises

Long main body;

A plurality of arms, each arm connects independently push rod;

Drive rod;

Motor can provide power to described drive rod; With

At least one elastomeric spring mechanism operationally contacts with described drive rod, is positioned at least one push rod is worked.

24. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also comprises:

With at least one second elastomeric spring mechanism that push rod operationally contacts, the described second elastomeric spring mechanism has fixed end.

25. device as claimed in claim 24, wherein said spring mechanism comprises helical spring.

26. device as claimed in claim 23, wherein said elastomeric spring mechanism is by operationally contacting with latch plate and at least one push rod being worked.

27. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also comprises at least one position sensor, is configured to measure the position of at least one push rod.

28. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also comprises the retaining head, thus the stretching, extension of control arm.

29. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also comprises a plurality of retaining heads, can adjust the stretching, extension of each arm thus independently.

30. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also is included at least one sensor of the end of at least one arm.

31. device as claimed in claim 30, wherein said at least one sensor comprises the power sensor.

32. device as claimed in claim 31 wherein also comprises the control system of adjusting the position of arm based on the force sensor measuring result automatically.

33. device as claimed in claim 32 wherein also comprises covered structure.

34. device as claimed in claim 33, wherein link, pitman arm, sheet spring or semielliptic spring during covering mechanism.

35. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also comprises quick closedown mechanism.

36. device as claimed in claim 23 wherein also comprises the relative bearing sensor.

37. device as claimed in claim 23, wherein at least one push rod operationally contacts with described drive rod, and at least one push rod does not operationally contact with described drive rod.

38. device as claimed in claim 23, wherein said latch plate comprises keyway, and described push rod comprises pin, this pin constitutes 1) when push rod rotation, pin align with keyway, by keyway, 2) when push rod rotation, pin and keyway do not line up, do not pass through keyway.

39. a wellhole caliper comprises:

Long main body;

Drive rod;

Motor can provide power to described drive rod; With

A plurality of arm systems, each arm system comprises:

Can stretch, be pivotally connected to the arm of push rod from apparatus main body outwardly, described push rod contact with sensor and

Elastomeric spring mechanism is positioned to act on the described push rod and with described drive rod and operationally contacts.

40. device as claimed in claim 39, wherein said elastomeric spring mechanism comprises helical spring.

41. device as claimed in claim 39, wherein said sensor is a position sensor.

42. device as claimed in claim 41, wherein said position sensor are linear potentiometer or linear variable differential sensor.

43. device as claimed in claim 39 wherein also is included at least one sensor of the end of at least one arm.

44. device as claimed in claim 43, wherein said at least one sensor comprises the power sensor.

45. device as claimed in claim 39 wherein also comprises the record sensor measurement, as the function of the degree of depth.

46. device as claimed in claim 39 wherein also comprises covering mechanism.

47. device as claimed in claim 46, wherein said covering mechanism are link, pitman arm, sheet spring or semielliptic spring.

48. device as claimed in claim 47 wherein also comprises quick closedown mechanism.

49. device as claimed in claim 39 wherein also comprises the relative bearing sensor.

50. device as claimed in claim 49 wherein also comprises record relative bearing sensor measurement, as the function of the degree of depth.

51. a device that uses in wellhole comprises:

A plurality of arms; With

Quick closedown mechanism comprises

At least one be pivotally connected to a mount pad lever and

Relative push rod is used to make described lever to pivot,

Wherein quick closedown mechanism is positioned in described a plurality of arms at least one exerted one's influence.

52. a method that is used at the wellhole location instrument may further comprise the steps:

One device is stretched into wellhole, and this device comprises:

Main body;

A plurality of arms, each arm stretch independently and shrink independently;

The push rod that connects each arm, each push rod operationally contacts with latch plate;

Elastomeric spring mechanism, the one end contact with described latch plate and

With at least one arm contact pit shaft side face.

53. a method that is used at the wellhole location instrument may further comprise the steps:

One device is stretched into wellhole, and this device comprises:

Long main body;

A plurality of arms, each arm connects independent push rod;

Drive rod;

Motor provides power can for described drive rod; With

At least one elastomeric spring mechanism operationally contacts with described drive rod, is positioned at least one push rod is worked;

54. a method of measuring wellhole may further comprise the steps:

One wellhole device is stretched into wellhole, and this wellhole device comprises

Long main body;

Drive rod;

Motor, can give described drive rod provide power and

A plurality of arm systems, each arm system comprises:

Elastomeric spring mechanism is positioned to described push rod is worked, and operationally contacts with described drive rod.

Utilize the sensor initial position of each arm of sensing respectively, thereby produce the initial position signal of each arm;

Stretch described arm, with contact wellhole surface;

Utilize the sensor extended position of each arm of sensing respectively;

Produce the extended position signal of each arm;

Handle described initial position signal and extended position signal, to measure described wellhole surface.