CN101004785A - Reader for RFID and RFID system - Google Patents

Reader for RFID and RFID system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101004785A
CN101004785A CNA2006101604470A CN200610160447A CN101004785A CN 101004785 A CN101004785 A CN 101004785A CN A2006101604470 A CNA2006101604470 A CN A2006101604470A CN 200610160447 A CN200610160447 A CN 200610160447A CN 101004785 A CN101004785 A CN 101004785A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
frequency
reader
rfid
signal
channel signal
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Granted
Application number
CNA2006101604470A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100576228C (en
Inventor
梁敬瑥
李齐营
金本冀
金宝垠
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Integrant Technologies Inc
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Integrant Technologies Inc
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Publication of CN101004785A publication Critical patent/CN101004785A/en
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Publication of CN100576228C publication Critical patent/CN100576228C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2612—Arrangements for wireless medium access control, e.g. by allocating physical layer transmission capacity

Abstract

Provided is a reader for radio frequency identification (RFID) and a RFID system. A reader for RFID that receives a channel signal comprises a frequency oscillator generating an oscillating signal at a frequency that is offset by an offset frequency from a center frequency of the channel signal, a mixer mixing the channel signal with the oscillating signal that is offset, and a filter filtering a mixed frequency signal provided from the mixer. The reader for RFID and the RFID system are improved in reception for the wave identification using a listen before talk (LBT) mode for identifying an electronic tag.

Description

The reader and the rfid system that are used for RFID
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reader and a kind of rfid system that is used for radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID), more specifically, relate to a kind of employing and intercept back session (LBT) pattern, the reader of in the reception of RFID, having made the improved RFID of being used for and a kind of rfid system earlier.
Background technology
Bar code is by general and be widely used in the identification of books, archives or other article in library, and the identification of goods for consumption in the supermarket.Though bar code can be implemented at an easy rate with low cost, its reading distance is short, and can not reuse.And in the time of wanding, reader must be placed on the print surface of bar code exactly, if bar code is damaged, can not read bar code.Therefore, rfid system is developed to overcome these defectives.
Typical R FID system can the wireless mode read and write.Therefore, needn't directly contact or scan visual striation.Simultaneously, many books, archives or other article can be identified on any position or direction simultaneously.Because the electronic tag that uses in the rfid system has the almost permanent life-span, therefore praised highly to setting up the effective tool of immanent system.
Rfid system is discerned identity (ID) information that sticks to the electronic tag on the article by the mode of wireless telecommunications.Especially, RFID is one and utilizes the electromagnetism of certain frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum or the combination technique of electrostatic coupling effect.
Because standardization, the reduction of unit cost and the expansion of readable range of RFID, rfid system has been widely used in various field.Antenna, transceiver and transponder (being electronic tag) are the Common Components of typical RFID system.
Below, describe typical R FID system in detail with reference to Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 represents the structure of a typical RFID system 100.
Rfid system 100 comprises reader 120 that is used for RFID and the electronic tag 110 that has the built-in aerial (not shown).
The reader 120 that is used for RFID sends the electromagnetic wave of certain frequency incessantly.
When electronic tag 110 is placed in the frequency effect scope of reader 120, it obtains power supply by wireless mode and is activated.
The reader that is used for RFID uses radio frequency to transmit signal with active electron label 110.When electronic tag 110 is activated, leave electronic tag 110 interior data in and be transferred to reader 120 by antenna.
Electronic tag 110 is powered and activates the instruction that reader 120 is waited in the back.If receive correct instruction, data will be given reader 120 according to the information transmission that receives.
Reader 120 can transmit data based on LBT pattern and FHSS (FHSS) pattern.
The LBT pattern is used to avoid the conflict between a plurality of readers 120.Even if be separated by several kilometers between the reader 120, also can influence each other between them, because comparing electronic tag 110, reader 120 has longer readable range.More particularly, under the LBT pattern, reader 120 channel that scanning earlier is used before the transmission data, and use and do not have occupied channel transmission data, reduce conflict with this.
That is to say that the LBT pattern is a kind of method of surveying unappropriated channel in scanning process.
And reader uses the Direct Conversion method to reduce the size of power consumption and reader.The Direct Conversion method need be eliminated direct current (DC) skew.
But when utilizing the method cancellation of DC offset of Direct Conversion in the process of carrying out the LBT pattern, near the reception information 0 hertz frequency can sharply descend, thereby can't detect continuous wave (CW).
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to solve at least problem and shortcoming in the background technology.
The object of the present invention is to provide the reader of a kind of RFID of being used for, it can make the energy attenuation of incoming frequency minimize, and the level to the occupied energy of certain channel can be measured in the process of carrying out the LBT pattern thereby make.
According to one embodiment of present invention, provide the reader receive channel signal of a kind of RFID of being used for, this reader comprises: frequency oscillator, frequency mixer and wave filter.Wherein, frequency oscillator produces the oscillator signal with respect to channel signal carrier deviation one deviation frequency, and frequency mixer is channel signal and oscillator signal mixing after skew, and the frequency signal after the mixing that wave filter provides frequency mixer carries out filtering.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, described wave filter can comprise the passband that a frequency after the direct current rejection zone of DC component in the frequency signal after the mixing and allow mixing is passed through.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, described direct current rejection zone can comprise a cutoff frequency that the ratio deviation frequency is little.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, described passband comprises a cutoff frequency, this cutoff frequency less than channel width half with deviation frequency with.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, the reader that is used for RFID can further include a compensator, the intensity of the frequency signal that compensation is filtered in wave filter.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, compensator comprises an analog to digital converter and a volume indicator, analog to digital converter will convert numerical code to through the frequency signal of filter filtering, and volume indicator maps out the frequency signal that (mapping) receives from analog to digital converter with reference to the numerical code of analog to digital converter conversion.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, described channel signal can be signals of carrying out LBT (intercepting the back session earlier) pattern.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, described deviation frequency are greater than about 10KHz, and less than half of channel signal bandwidth.
Corresponding embodiments of the invention, the frequency range of the described signal that receives is about 908.5MHz to 914MHz.
According to another embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of reader that is used for RFID and rfid system of electronic tag of comprising.
The concrete feature of other embodiment will partly be embodied in follow-up embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Various feature and advantage of the present invention, and manyly be used to obtain these methods of having a few and obtain more detailed description with reference to appended accompanying drawing.
With reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention will more fully be described, and described accompanying drawing has disclosed embodiments of the invention.But the present invention can implement by many different modes, should not be subjected to the restriction of the embodiment disclosed herein; In fact, it is for abundant and complete disclosing that these embodiment are provided, to show intension of the present invention fully to those skilled in the art.In the accompanying drawings, the same numeral in the different figure is represented identical parts.
It is the right of priority of the patented claim of 10-2006-0004789 at the application number of submitting to Korean Patent office that the present invention is required on January 27th, 2006, and its full content is included in this as a reference.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing that is comprised is used for further understanding the present invention, and this accompanying drawing is included in the instructions and becomes the part of instructions, and has showed embodiments of the invention and the summary of the invention that is used to disclose the principle of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1 represents the structure of typical RFID system;
Fig. 2 represents to be used for according to an embodiment of the invention the reader of RFID;
Fig. 3 represents according to embodiments of the invention, detects the exemplary frequency spectrum of the sequence of operations of channel signal energy by the RFID reader; With
Fig. 4 represents to be used for according to another embodiment of the present invention the structure of the reader of RFID.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, will be described more specifically according to the reader that is used for RFID and the rfid system of different embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 2 represents the structure of RFID reader 200 according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reader 200 comprises frequency oscillator 201, frequency mixer 202 and wave filter 203.
Second input end coupling of the output terminal of frequency oscillator 201 and frequency mixer 202.Channel signal IN is input to the first input end of frequency mixer 202.The input end coupling of the output terminal of frequency mixer 202 and wave filter 203.Filtered frequency is by the output terminal output of wave filter 203.
After this operation of reader 200 will be described.
At first, before carrying out data transmission with the electronic tag (not shown), certain is used the energy of channel reader 200 scannings, and checks which channel will be used to data transmission.That is to say that reader 200 adopts the unappropriated channel of LBT mode detection.
The frequency acceptance band of reader 200 comprises about 27 channels, and frequency range is 908.5MHz to 914MHz approximately.Each channel all has the bandwidth of about 200KHz, and being used for separately, the bandwidth of the boundary belt of each channel is about 50KHz.
Reader 200 receiving center frequencies are f 1The energy of channel signal IN.
Secondly, frequency oscillator 201 produces as the defined oscillation frequency f of following equation 2
f 2＝f 1+Δf (1)
Wherein, f 1, f 2Represent centre frequency, oscillation frequency and the deviation frequency of channel signal IN respectively with Δ f.
Frequency oscillator 201 produces the off center frequency f 1. side-play amount be the oscillation frequency f of Δ f 2
The oscillation frequency f that oscillator 201 produces 2Be provided for second input end of frequency mixer 202.This frequency will be carried out up-conversion or down coversion in frequency mixer 202.
Then, by with centre frequency f 1With oscillation frequency f 2The frequency that addition obtains is by the output terminal output of frequency mixer 202.
Frequency mixer 202 comprises a down-conversion mixer, and output as the defined mixed frequency signal f of following equation Mix
f mix＝f 1-f 2 (2)
Wherein, f Mix, f 1And f 2Represent the frequency through frequency mixer 202 mixing, centre frequency and the oscillation frequency of channel signal IN respectively.
Shown in equation (1), oscillation frequency f 2Be f 1With Δ f addition and.Therefore, equation (1) substitution equation (2) is then obtained following equation:
f mix＝f 1-(f 1+Δf)＝-Δf (3)
Wherein, f Mix, f 1, f 2And Δ f represents the frequency through frequency mixer 202 mixing, centre frequency, oscillation frequency and the deviation frequency of channel signal IN respectively.
The amount that frequency was offset through frequency mixer 202 mixing equals deviation frequency Δ f.
Mixed frequency signal f MixBe input to wave filter 203.
At last, the frequency f after 203 pairs of mixing of wave filter MixFiltering, f MixSide-play amount equal deviation frequency Δ f.
Reader 200 belongs to a kind of receiver of Direct Conversion, therefore, is necessary to eliminate the direct current offset among the channel signal IN that receives.Wave filter 203 is by direct current rejection zone f Cut-offFrequency f after the elimination mixing MixDC component.
Wave filter 203 is used for specific frequency band f PassFiltering is to detect the frequency f after the mixing MixEnergy.In other words, when above-mentioned operation is performed when being input to the energy of channel signal IN of reader 200 with detection, other adjacent channel signals also are imported into reader 200 simultaneously.As a result, the energy of other adjacent channels also can be detected in the lump.
203 couples of specific frequency band f of wave filter PassFiltering is to be corrected in the mistake that detects in the channel signal IN process.Specific frequency band f by wave filter 203 PassBe variable.
Based on above-mentioned structure and operation, with the frequency f after the mixing MixThe energy of adjacent frequency signal is not detected.Thereby the energy of the channel adjacent with destination channel is not detected.Owing to detected channel signal is had less deviation, so the energy measuring ratio is easier to.
Fig. 3 represents according to embodiments of the invention, detects the exemplary frequency spectrum of the sequence of operations of channel signal energy by the RFID reader.
Detect first operation 300A of the energy of channel signal IN as reader 200, reader 300 receive channel signal IN.
In operation 300B, reader 200 is with the centre frequency f of the channel signal IN that receives 1Be offset an offset f.
In operation 300C, reader 200 has been eliminated the DC component of deviation frequency Δ f.Because reader 200 is receivers of direct down coversion type, so DC component need be by filtering.More specifically, wave filter 203 has direct current rejection zone f Cut-offAnd filtering DC component.
Because higher energy appears at the centre frequency f of channel signal IN 1Near, and the centre frequency f of channel signal IN 1After frequency conversion by deviation frequency Δ f of skew, so when DC component by wave filter during by filtering, the energy of channel signal IN can be detected at an easy rate.
In operation 300D, reader 200 has filtered frequency band certain among the channel signal IN to detect the energy of channel signal IN.
Specifically, reader 200 receives and results from frequency range and be about the signal of 908.5MHz to 27 channels of 914MHz.Be inserted with boundary belt between different channels.Each channel signal can comprise from the signal of electronic tag or from the signal of another reader emission.The about 200KHz of the bandwidth of each channel signal, the about 50KHz of boundary belt.
Frequency that produces when frequency oscillator 201 and the channel signal IN that is input to reader 200 are during by mixing, and the channel signal adjacent with destination channel may be detected.
When the signal of adjacent channel is detected, reader 200 will can accurately not detect the energy of its destination channel that will choose.
Therefore, reader 200 needs a default passband that the channel signal IN of centre frequency with variation is carried out filtering, to prevent the interference from adjacent channel.
Described passband size is variable, and as mentioned above, this passband role is the interference that stops from remove adjacent channel signals.
Direct current rejection zone f Cut-offCutoff frequency less than deviation frequency Δ f.Passband f PassCutoff frequency obtain less than half addition deviation frequency Δ f and channel signal IN place bandwidth and.Deviation frequency Δ f is greater than about 10KHz but less than half of channel signal IN place bandwidth.
On the basis of above-mentioned sequence of operations, the energy that is used for the channel signal that receives on the reader 200 of RFID just can accurately be detected.
Fig. 4 represents reader 400 according to another embodiment of the present invention.As shown in the figure, reader 400 is modifications of making on the basis of the reader 200 in first embodiment, comprises receiver 410 and compensator 420.
Because receiver 410 can be understood fully, therefore followingly will describe compensator 420 in detail on based on the specifically described basis to Fig. 2.
The output of receiver 410 is imported into the input end of analog to digital converter 421.The output of analog to digital converter 421 is imported into the input end of volume indicator 422.
Utilize analog to digital converter 421, the output signal of receiver 410 is converted into numerical code.
The above-mentioned numerical code of volume indicator 422 usefulness maps out the intensity of received signal.Particularly, volume indicator 422 uses the experiment measuring value that above-mentioned numerical code is mapped to signal intensity.
When the energy of channel signal IN was detected, the energy of adjacent channel can not be detected.Because channel signal IN that will be detected has the less deviation amount, so the energy of destination channel signal IN can be detected at an easy rate.
In addition, reader 400 can compensate the filtered energy loss that causes when walking around device by modulus because of channel signal IN.Therefore, can realize accurately and fast detecting.
According to various embodiments of the present invention, utilization can make the receiver of the minimized RFID of being used for of energy attenuation of the frequency that receives, on certain channel, receive in addition have low-energy frequency and also can be discerned at an easy rate.
In addition, described reader can minimize, and can reduce power consumption.
More than described the present invention, obviously identical invention can have different variations.These should not be construed as the disengaging the spirit and scope of the invention, and all similar conspicuous for those skilled in the art modifications all are included within the scope of claims.

Claims (10)

1. the reader that is used for RFID of a receive channel signal, described reader comprises:
Frequency oscillator produces the oscillator signal with respect to channel signal carrier deviation one deviation frequency;
Frequency mixer is with channel signal and the oscillator signal mixing after skew; With
Wave filter, the frequency signal after the mixing that frequency mixer is provided carries out filtering.
2. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described wave filter comprises the passband that the direct current rejection zone of DC component in the frequency signal after the mixing and allow frequency after the mixing pass through.
3. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described direct current rejection zone comprises a cutoff frequency littler than described deviation frequency.
4. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described passband comprises a cutoff frequency, described cutoff frequency less than half and deviation frequency of channel width and.
5. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises a compensator, the intensity of compensation frequency signal after filtered in wave filter.
6. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described compensator comprises:
Analog to digital converter will convert numerical code to through the frequency signal of filter filtering; With
Volume indicator, the numerical code of changing with reference to analog to digital converter maps out the frequency signal that receives from analog to digital converter.
7. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described channel signal is the signal that the back conversation modes is intercepted in an execution earlier.
8. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described deviation frequency is greater than about 10KHz, and less than half of channel signal bandwidth.
9. the reader that is used for RFID as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the frequency range of the described signal that receives is about 908.5MHz to 914MHz.
10. rfid system comprises:
Reader as claimed in claim 1; With
Electronic tag.
CN200610160447A 2006-01-17 2006-11-20 The reader and the rfid system that are used for RFID Expired - Fee Related CN100576228C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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KR1020060004789 2006-01-17
KR1020060004789A KR100666338B1 (en) 2006-01-17 2006-01-17 Reader for rfid and rfid system

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CN100576228C CN100576228C (en) 2009-12-30

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US (1) US20070176747A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1808796B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4303744B2 (en)
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CN (1) CN100576228C (en)

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KR100666338B1 (en) 2007-01-09
EP1808796B1 (en) 2009-10-07
EP1808796A2 (en) 2007-07-18
CN100576228C (en) 2009-12-30
JP4303744B2 (en) 2009-07-29
EP1808796A3 (en) 2008-12-10
JP2007195147A (en) 2007-08-02
US20070176747A1 (en) 2007-08-02

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