CN101003758A - Artificial coal, and preparation method - Google Patents
Artificial coal, and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101003758A CN101003758A CNA2006100233295A CN200610023329A CN101003758A CN 101003758 A CN101003758 A CN 101003758A CN A2006100233295 A CNA2006100233295 A CN A2006100233295A CN 200610023329 A CN200610023329 A CN 200610023329A CN 101003758 A CN101003758 A CN 101003758A
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- artificial coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to a method for preparing artificial coal that can produce thermal energy. The artificial coal comprises: organic sludge 30-75 parts, hogwash/residual leaves/waste sawdust 10-40 parts, and waste engine oil/waste plastic/waste rubber 5-20 parts. The artificial coal adequately utilizes a variety of wastes, and is environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy field, relate in particular to and to produce artificial coal of heat energy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
It is introduced, China per capita energy workable reserve far below world average level, 2000 per capita the oil production reserves have only 2.6 tons, the Sweet natural gas workable reserve is 1074 cubic metres per capita, the coal workable reserve is 90 tons per capita, is respectively 11.1%, 4.3% and 55.4% of world average.
Since 1980, the energy total flow of China is annual to be increased approximately 5%, is nearly 3 times of world's average growth rate.Had a huge breach between the energy reserve of China and the growth requirement of coming few decades, and this breach is with increasing.Experts have estimated out the breach amount of the domestic energy of China: will be at the early 21st century above 100,000,000 tons of standard coals, the year two thousand thirty is about 2.5 hundred million tons of standard coals, is about 4.6 hundred million tons of standard coals to the year two thousand fifty.
Though coal resources in China is abundanter, it is very low to verify degree.Can scrutinize only 20,300,000,000 tons of reserves for the economy of not utilizing as yet of building new ore deposit, and not satisfy the needs of recent construction of coal mine far away in 2000.In addition the economy of not utilizing as yet scrutinize in the reserves 86% be distributed in drought and water shortage, away from the consumer center, the west area, exploitation, transportation and the difficulty of utilizing certainly will strengthen.
Energy conservation realizes cross-centennial economy and energy development target to China, will play very important effect.Budget analysis through science.Per ten thousand yuan of gross domestic product energy consumptions of China will be reduced to 1.25 tons of standard coals in 2010 by nineteen ninety-five 2.33 tons of standard coals, 0.54 ton of standard coal of the year two thousand thirty and 0.25 ton of standard coal of the year two thousand fifty.It is said that save energy is considered as at the China and coal, oil, Sweet natural gas and electric power " the 5th energy " of equal importance by China expert.
Have the expert to think, the key that solves energy dilemma is the breakthrough of energy novel material and taps a new source of energy, and actively utilizes the renewable energy resources.
Utilizing garbage power, not only economize on resources but also protected environment, is the new approaches of a very worth promotion.Except exploitation " renewable energy resources ", there is increasing researchist that the sight of seeking new forms of energy has been dropped on the waste materials such as the rubbish of ours at one's side and mud in recent years.1900 family domestic garbages of Japan burn in the field, have realized garbage power for existing 123.This garbage power system and common heat power station are quite similar, and the power generation capacity of every cover system can reach 1000 kilowatts, use 50 tons in rubbish average every day.Japanese government has drawn up plan, produces the new garbage power system of 4,000,000 kilowatts of power generation capacities during by 2010.First junked tire power station, Europe before 3 years in the Wal of Britain not Hampton build up and go into operation.This factory can spend more than 800 ten thousand junked tires every year, is 1/4 of Britain's junked tire sum.Total installation of generating capacity 25 megawatts of power plant can satisfy the electricity consumption of 2.5 ten thousand families, and can also produce byproducts such as zinc.With the chicken manure generating, a lot of people have never heard of.First is the power house of fuel with the chicken manure in the world---just put into operation as far back as in October, 1993 in the Ai Yi power station of Britain.But at present as yet not technology utilize rubbish to produce fuel.
Therefore this area presses for a kind of technology of exploitation, promptly utilizes domestic refuse to produce fuel-as coal, both helped environmental protection, helps solving energy dilemma again, benefits future generations.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of artificial energy and preparation method thereof.
Aspect first, provide a kind of artificial coal of the present invention, it contains:
(a) 30-75 weight part organic sludge;
(b) 10-40 weight part hogwash material;
(c) 5-20 weight part used oil and/or waste rubber,
And described artificial coal is solid-state, water-content≤25%, calorific value 〉=3000 kilocalories/kg artificial coal.
In another preference, described artificial coal is contained:
(a) 50-60 weight part organic sludge;
(b) 20-30 weight part hogwash material and branch, residual leaf, waste wood or its mixture;
(c) 8-15 weight part used oil, waste rubber, plastic waste or its mixture.
Wherein said organic sludge is the organic sludge from ight soil, or the organic sludge of sewage disposal.
Above-mentioned artificial coal is also contained the residual leaf waste wood of branch of (b ') 1-20 weight part; Or the plastic waste of (c ') 1-10 weight part.
In another preference, described artificial coal's water-content≤15%; Its calorific value 4000-6000 kilocalorie/kilogram, more preferably its calorific value 4500-5500 kilocalorie/kilogram.
Aspect second of the present invention, a kind of above-mentioned artificial coal's preparation method is provided, it comprises step:
(i) 30-75 weight part organic sludge and 10-40 weight part hogwash material are mixed, form first mixture;
(ii), make water-content be lower than the 30wt% of first mixture weight, add 5-20 weight part used oil and/or waste rubber then, form second mixture the first mixture mummification of step (i) gained;
(iii) second mixture is carried out integer, form the solidified artificial coal.
In above-mentioned preparation method, described organic sludge and hogwash material are the organic sludge and the hogwash material of water-content≤60%.
In another preference, in step (i) before, earlier organic sludge and hogwash material carry out half-driedization, make water content≤60%.
In another preference, step (ii) in behind mummification first mixture, make that water-content is the 10-15wt% of first mixture weight.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the hogwash material in the step I is the making beating remix earlier.
In another preference, in the step I, hogwash material slag oily, water-content≤10% is mixed with organic sludge.
In another preference, also comprise in the step I adding the residual leaf waste wood of the branch piece of pulverizing, and mix.
In another preference, the hogwash slip of oil, water-content＞10% is carried out oily water separation, take out oil, mix with used oil among the step I i etc.
In another preference, add waste rubber or the plastic waste powder of median size 1-100mm among the step I i, preferably median size is 1-50mm, more preferably median size is 1-20mm.
Aspect the 3rd of the present invention, above-mentioned artificial coal's purposes is provided, it can be used as fuel.
The present invention utilizes domestic refuse to produce fuel-as coal, both helped environmental protection, helps solving energy dilemma again.
Embodiment
The contriver will not have danger, has flammable organic sludge, hogwash material and used oil etc. to mix through extensive and deep discovering, through solidifying, can be processed into the synthetic fuel of combustion heat value more than 4,005 kilocalories.So not only can turn waste into wealth, and can save non-renewable natural resources, the area that lacks for natural resources provides energy prospect.
Necessary component
Component (a)
The used mud of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be organic sludge, comprises domestic refuse and ight soil, wherein ight soil preferably.
The content 30-75wt% of mud among the artificial coal of the present invention, preferred 50-60wt%.
Component (b)
The used hogwash material of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can comprise various Litters after the meal.Its oleaginousness＞10%, the hogwash material of preferred oleaginousness＞20%.
The content 10-50wt% of hogwash material among the artificial coal of the present invention, preferred 20-35wt%.
Component (c)
The used used oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can comprise (giving up) diesel oil, machine oil or kerosene, preferred (giving up) diesel oil.The also diesel oil that available grades is lower, machine oil or kerosene etc.
The content 5-25wt% of used oil among the artificial coal of the present invention, preferred 8-15wt%.
The used waste rubber of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be old tire etc., and the calorific value of waste rubber is 〉=8000, and preferred calorific value is 8000-9000.
If the precentagewise meter, among the artificial coal of the present invention, component (a)+(b)+(c) accounts for the 70-100% of artificial coal's gross weight, more preferably 80-95%, 80-90% best usually.
Optional components
The used plastic waste of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be mixed plastic.Usually, the calorific value of plastic waste is 〉=5000, and preferred calorific value is 7000-8000.
Among the artificial coal of the present invention,, also can contain branch, residual leaf, waste wood piece, natural energy source, white foam (polystyrene), or its mixture except above-mentioned necessary component.
If the precentagewise meter, among the artificial coal of the present invention, optional components accounts for the 0-30% of artificial coal's gross weight usually, more preferably 0-20%, 0-10% best.
Characteristic
Artificial coal of the present invention is a solid substance, water content≤25%, calorific value 〉=3000 kilocalories/kg.
Method for making
The artificial coal's of preparation of the present invention method comprises step:
(i) 30-75 weight part organic sludge and 10-40 weight part hogwash material are mixed, form first mixture;
(ii), make water-content be lower than the 30wt% of first mixture weight, add 5-20 weight part used oil and/or waste rubber then, form second mixture the first mixture mummification of step (i) gained;
(iii) second mixture is carried out integer, form the solidified artificial coal.
Among the preparation method of the present invention, earlier with organic sludge and half-driedization of hogwash material, make water content＜60% in step a, more preferably, water content is at 10-15%.
Mud is done half-driedization processing earlier, discard behind a part of water absolutely dryization again, the production capacity of absolutely dryization equipment significantly improves like this, and dust significantly reduces, and has increased the security when equipment uses.
Common sludge drying device type has:
1, direct-heating type.Principle is a convective heating, and representative equipment has rotary drum, fluidized-bed etc.;
2, indirect heating type.Principle is conduction or Contact Heating, and representative equipment has spiral, disk, thin layer, video disc, oar formula;
3, thermal radiation heating-type.Belt is arranged, spiral etc.
Wherein preferred fluidized-bed mummification equipment, about 200 tons/day of day processing, water ratio can reduce to 5%.
Mud and hogwash material dehydration and drying all need power consumption, lose more than gain with coal, electricity.If provide the energy of dehydration and drying by the mud of direct burning mummification, from the Theoretical Calculation to the reality, all having shown cancels out each other does not almost have output, also will add some coals sometimes so.Example, one ton of 75% water-containing sludge, wherein moisture is 0.75 ton, 0.25 ton in mud is heated to 100 degree water vapors with 0.75 water by room temperature 20 degree, and energy consumption is (80 kcal/kg+619 kcal/kg) * 750 kilograms=524250 kilocalories, the dewatered sludge combustion heat value is generally at 11-16Mj/kg, with 14Mj/kg (3330 kcal/kg), thermo-efficiency 70%, 3000 kcal/kg * 250 kilograms * 70%=525000 kilocalorie.Hence one can see that, conventional mud is not higher than at moisture under 75% the situation, and energy can reach homeostasis, if moisture just needs a certain amount of auxiliary fuel such as coal to replenish greater than 75%.75% water ratio is a dividing point, and will satisfy sludge calorific value at 3000 kilocalories, or sludge calorific value is at 2450 kilocalories, and then water ratio is 70%.As seen, want in mud, to obtain necessary outer the energy of output, and be that the extra power that contains subsidy just may be brought economic benefit.For example, mechanically or mode such as Exposure to Sunlight to carry out dehydration and drying be preferred.
For example, the inventor comes dewatered sludge by incineration firing, and this rubbish is that white lunch box etc. bury does not allow labile rubbish in the ground as useless cloth waste plastic film, and these thing calorific values are high moisture few, bring burning and kill two birds with one stone.
In artificial coal factory, sludge treatment only limits to mummification, and is to adopt the production technique of low dust promptly to seal internal recycle, and mud steam is through condensation, and sewage flows back to sewage work to be handled again, and the gas that contains low amounts of dust is sent back in the fluidized-bed combustion boiler to be burned.Mud is sold to some large-sized boiler units as product, and these use the enterprise of large-sized boilers that ready-made environmental protection treatment equipment and sophisticated environment-protective process are all arranged, and mud and a large amount of coal burn and dedusting simultaneously, and this sludge quantity is inappreciable fully.Existing sewage work provides the environmental impact assessment examining report, and report has shown that discharging is the environmental requirement that meets country after the sludge incineration.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1. turn waste into wealth;
2. provide prospect for solving energy dilemma;
3. production process environmental protection.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example is usually according to the normal condition or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.
Embodiment 1
Produce artificial coal 1
1. with 20 kilograms of hogwash material making beating, screenings is separated, obtain hogwash material slag;
2. get slag and mix with 60 kilograms of organic sludges, half-driedization makes water-content be lower than 60%;
3. in said mixture, add 1 kilogram of wood powder;
4. the mixture of step 3 gained is mixed the back and carried out mummification in mixing drum with fluidized-bed mummification equipment;
5. the slurry of gained carries out oily water separation after screenings in the step 1 being separated, the mixture (blending ratio is 1: 1) that adds 10 kilograms of used oil and waste rubber powder (calorific value is 9859) in the oil of gained, the mummification thing that adds gained in the step 4 again mixes in joining the oil tube;
6. pack after the briquetting the artificial coal, water-content is 15%.
Detect through the laboratory, its fuel value of prepared artificial coal is 5270 kilocalories.
Embodiment 2
Produce artificial coal 2
1. with 10 kilograms of hogwash material making beating, screenings is separated, obtain hogwash material slag;
2. get slag and mix with 30 kilograms of organic sludges, half-driedization makes water-content be lower than 60%;
3. the mixture of step 2 gained is mixed the back and carried out mummification in mixing drum with fluidized-bed mummification equipment;
4. the slurry of gained carries out oily water separation after screenings in the step 1 being separated, the mixture (blending ratio is 1: 1: 0.2) that adds 5 kilograms of used oil, waste rubber powder (calorific value is 7619) and plastic waste powders (calorific value is 6381) in the oil of gained, the mummification thing that adds gained in the step 3 again mixes in joining the oil tube;
5. pack after the briquetting the artificial coal, water-content is 12%.
Detect through the laboratory, its fuel value of the prepared artificial coal of embodiment is 5100 kilocalories.
Embodiment 3
Produce artificial coal 3
1. with 40 kilograms of hogwash material making beating, screenings is separated, obtain hogwash material slag;
2. get slag and mix with 70 kilograms of organic sludges, half-driedization makes water-content be lower than 60%;
3. in said mixture, add 10 kilograms of waste wood pieces or its mixture that is ground into wood powder;
4. the mixture of step 3 gained is mixed the back and carried out mummification in mixing drum with fluidized-bed mummification equipment;
5. the slurry of gained carries out oily water separation after screenings in the step 1 being separated, and adds 15 kilograms of used oil in the oil of gained, adds the mummification thing of gained in the step 4 again, mixes in joining the oil tube;
6. pack after the briquetting the artificial coal, water-content is 8%.
Detect through the laboratory, its fuel value of the prepared artificial coal of embodiment is 5423 kilocalories.
Embodiment 4-6
| Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | |
| Organic sludge (kilogram) | 50 | 35 | 70 |
| Hogwash material (kilogram) | 20 | 10 | 35 |
| Used oil (kilogram) | 12 | 9 | 18 |
| Waste rubber (kilogram) | 8 | 5 | 15 |
| Plastic waste (kilogram) | 5 | 2 | 10 |
| Waste wood piece (kilogram) | 9 | 4 | 20 |
| White foam (polystyrene) (kilogram) | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Rice straw (kilogram) | 1 | 0.7 | 1.5 |
| Water-content (%) | 10 | 15 | 5 |
| Calorific value (kilocalorie) | 4800 | 4631 | 5679 |
All quote in this application as a reference at all documents that the present invention mentions, just quoted as a reference separately as each piece document.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned teachings of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Claims (10)
1. artificial coal is characterized in that it contains:
(a) 30-75 weight part organic sludge;
(b) 10-40 weight part hogwash material;
(c) 5-20 weight part used oil and/or waste rubber,
And described artificial coal is solid-state, water-content≤25%, calorific value 〉=3000 kilocalories/kg artificial coal.
2. artificial coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it contains:
(a) 50-60 weight part organic sludge;
(b) 20-30 weight part hogwash material and branch, residual leaf, waste wood or its mixture;
(c) 8-15 weight part used oil, waste rubber, plastic waste or its mixture.
3. artificial coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described organic sludge is the organic sludge from ight soil, or the organic sludge of sewage disposal.
4. artificial coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it also contains the residual leaf waste wood of branch of (b ') 1-20 weight part; Or the plastic waste of (c ') 1-10 weight part.
5. artificial coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, its calorific value 4000-6000 kilocalorie/kilogram.
6. artificial coal's as claimed in claim 1 preparation method, it comprises step:
(i) 30-75 weight part organic sludge and 10-40 weight part hogwash material are mixed, form first mixture;
(ii), make water-content be lower than the 30wt% of first mixture weight, add 5-20 weight part used oil and/or waste rubber then, form second mixture the first mixture mummification of step (i) gained;
(iii) second mixture is carried out integer, form the solidified artificial coal.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described organic sludge and hogwash material are the organic sludge and the hogwash material of water-content≤60%.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the hogwash material in the step I is the making beating remix earlier.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises in the step I adding the residual leaf waste wood of the branch piece of pulverizing, and mixes.
10. artificial coal's as claimed in claim 1 purposes is characterized in that, it is as fuel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100233295A CN101003758B (en) | 2006-01-16 | 2006-01-16 | Artificial coal, and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100233295A CN101003758B (en) | 2006-01-16 | 2006-01-16 | Artificial coal, and preparation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101003758A true CN101003758A (en) | 2007-07-25 |
| CN101003758B CN101003758B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100233295A Expired - Fee Related CN101003758B (en) | 2006-01-16 | 2006-01-16 | Artificial coal, and preparation method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101003758B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101812345A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-25 | 李北松 | Sludge composite fuel and processing method |
| CN102250660A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 黄怀德 | Solidified fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN102250663A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-23 | 东莞市保源达房地产开发有限公司 | Biomass fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN101724483B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2012-09-05 | 李桓宇 | Regenerative coal manufactured by sludge garbage and manufacturing method |
| CN101503643B (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-12-12 | 上海同济科学技术开发有限公司 | Solid fuel for sludge anhydration |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87102031A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1988-12-14 | 曾永学 | A kind of is the artificial coal of major ingredient with rubbish |
| CN1282781A (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Process for preparing briquettes with sludge |
| CN1285391A (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2001-02-28 | 东旭昌 | Briquet and production technology |
| AU2004241406A1 (en) * | 2003-05-10 | 2004-12-02 | Mi-Hye Oh | Composiiton for preventing scaling, excluding of soot, clinker and sludge, and controlling flame in combustion apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-01-16 CN CN2006100233295A patent/CN101003758B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101724483B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2012-09-05 | 李桓宇 | Regenerative coal manufactured by sludge garbage and manufacturing method |
| CN101503643B (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-12-12 | 上海同济科学技术开发有限公司 | Solid fuel for sludge anhydration |
| CN101812345A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-25 | 李北松 | Sludge composite fuel and processing method |
| CN102250660A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 黄怀德 | Solidified fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN102250663A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-23 | 东莞市保源达房地产开发有限公司 | Biomass fuel and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101003758B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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