CN1009304B - Atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without using water vapour - Google Patents

Atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without using water vapour Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1009304B
CN1009304B CN86101425A CN86101425A CN1009304B CN 1009304 B CN1009304 B CN 1009304B CN 86101425 A CN86101425 A CN 86101425A CN 86101425 A CN86101425 A CN 86101425A CN 1009304 B CN1009304 B CN 1009304B
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China
Prior art keywords
oxygen
water
pressure
eliminating device
temperature
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CN86101425A
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CN86101425A (en
Inventor
丁明舫
李雨亭
黄雅康
邹永锡
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NANJING OIL REFINERY OF JINLING PETROLEUM CHEMICAL CO
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NANJING OIL REFINERY OF JINLING PETROLEUM CHEMICAL CO
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Priority to CN86101425A priority Critical patent/CN1009304B/en
Publication of CN86101425A publication Critical patent/CN86101425A/en
Publication of CN1009304B publication Critical patent/CN1009304B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
    • B29D23/003—Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints
    • B29D23/005—Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints provided with electrical wiring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03—Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without water vapour, which is suitable for deoxidizing water of boilers. The present invention has the principle that technology residual heat is utilized, and soft water with the pressure which is larger than 4 kg/cm<2> is heated to the temperature higher than the boiling temperature under the deoxidizing pressure by a heat exchanger. The soft water enters a deoxygenator and boils because the pressure is reduced, and thereby, the deoxidization purpose is achieved. Compared with the deoxidization method of utilizing the technology residual heat to generate water vapour and then using the water vapour to heat, the present invention raises the potential temperature of the technology residual heat by 60 to 70 DEG C. A large amount of fuel and high-temperature residual heat are saved, and the present invention provides a new method for utilizing heat sources which is at the temperature lower than 150 DEG C. and is difficult to be recovered in petroleum enterprises and chemical industry enterprises.

Description

Atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without using water vapour
The invention belongs to boiler or steam generator (hereinafter to be referred as boiler) feedwater deaeration model etc.
Boiler is one of equipment the most frequently used in oil, the chemical enterprise.In order to prevent oxygen corrosion, boiler feedwater must deoxygenation.Boiler feedwater not only needs deoxygenation, also will improve water temperature.So thermal de-aeration is most economical, most popular deoxidation method.
Thermal de-aeration has two classes at present: the first kind is the atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing that all or part of use water vapour (hereinafter to be referred as steam) is made thermal source.For example, present most popular air suspended type spraying filler deoxygenation (document number DE2906654).Second class is deaeration in condenser (the clear 60-7998 of document number TOHKEMY).
The operation principle of air suspended type spraying filler deoxygenation is seen Fig. 1.Pressure is 3-4kg/cm 2(gauge pressure, down together) average annual temperature is 20 ℃ demineralized water or a demineralized water (hereinafter to be referred as soft water) (1), after entering the female pipe of water distribution (2) of oxygen-eliminating device, be atomized into many little water droplets by the nozzle on female pipe (3), by the steam that enters oxygen-eliminating device top (4) Hybrid Heating, water droplet is heated to (0.2kg/cm under the oxygen-eliminating device pressure 2) 104.25 ℃ of boiling temperatures, the dissolved oxygen in the soft water is removed, and, discharges from gland steam exhauster (6) after skimming baffle (5) carbonated drink is separated in company with small amount of steam.In order to prevent that water droplet is not heated to boiling temperature, below the female pipe of water distribution, be provided with the Ω type packing layer (7) that stainless steel is made.When water is flowed through packing layer downwards,, be heated to boiling temperature to guarantee water droplet with the steam that enters from the packing layer bottom (8) heat exchange, thereby the oxygen removal in the soft water.Water after the deoxygenation enters water tank (9) and stores.
The effect of air suspended type thermal spraying filler deoxygenation is better, but one ton of steam of the every production of boiler will consume more personal steam.If advance the water temperature of oxygen-eliminating device is 20 ℃, then needs 128 kg of vapor.Be preheating to 80 ℃ if will advance the soft water of oxygen-eliminating device, then need 42.3 kg of vapor.
The operation principle of deaeration in condenser is to utilize to penetrate vapour or water jet air ejector, or utilizes vavuum pump, keeps vacuum in the oxygen-eliminating device, makes the boiling temperature under a little higher than oxygen-eliminating device pressure of the soft water temperature that enters oxygen-eliminating device.The higher soft water of pressure enters vacuum dust cather, seethes with excitement because of pressure reduces, and the oxygen in the soft water is removed.
Though deaeration in condenser can use no or little steam, deaeration in condenser needs a cover vacuumizing device, and will consume certain steam or electric power, in order to keep the oxygen-eliminating device vacuum.Water temperature behind the deaeration in condenser is lower, is about 35～70 ℃, could be as boiler feedwater after the needs heating improves water temperature.Have a large amount of technology waste heats, the particularly what is called below 150 ℃ low warm in oil, the chemical enterprise, can not maybe can only produce the very low saturated vapor of little pressure, its use value is very low.Other utilizes low warm approach, as, low-temperature electricity-generating, absorption refrigeration, because system complex, equipment investment is very big, and its application is very limited.Often cause the low warm water-white leukorrhea that is cooled a large amount of in oil, the chemical enterprise to walk.
At above-mentioned shortcoming, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of boiler or steam generator feedwater deaeration method.Principle of the present invention is to utilize the technology waste heat, through surface-type heat exchanger, with pressure＞4kg/cm 2, average annual temperature is that 20 ℃ soft water is heated to above the boiling temperature under the oxygen-eliminating device pressure, guarantees the into soft water pressure 〉=3kg/cm of oxygen-eliminating device 2, temperature 〉=107 ℃.Soft water enters oxygen-eliminating device, seethes with excitement because of pressure reduces, and the oxygen in the soft water is removed.
The present invention is specially adapted to the energy saving technical reconstruction in oil, the chemical enterprise.Because as long as this method ℃ can be adopted in temperature 〉=120 of technology waste heat, so, and produce steam with the technology waste heat, do the thermal source deoxygenation with steam again and compare, be equivalent to the temperature of technology waste heat has been improved 60～70 ℃.The present invention not only can make low warm being fully used that is difficult to utilize, and equipment is simple, and only needing increases by one to two heat exchanger, and original air suspended type thermal spraying filler oxygen-eliminating device can satisfy instructions for use as long as do suitable improvement.
Workflow of the present invention and principle are seen Fig. 2.Soft water (1) in the softened water tank (10) after softened water pump (11) boosts, enters heat exchanger (12), after technology waste heat (13) heat exchange of needs cooling, and pressure 〉=3kg/cm 2, the soft water of temperature 〉=107 ℃ enters the female pipe of water distribution (2) of oxygen-eliminating device, after nozzle (3) atomizing, reduces to the operating pressure 0.2kg/cm of oxygen-eliminating device because of pressure 2, the soft water boiling, the oxygen removal in the soft water in company with the steam that produces, after skimming baffle (5) carbonated drink is separated, is discharged by gland steam exhauster (6).The water that removes peroxide flows into water tank (9) downwards and stores.
The molecular weight of oxygen is 32, and the severe of oxygen is 1.78 times of steam.Therefore, the oxygen that removes in the soft water has the trend of sinking, and is unfavorable to the oxygen partial pressure that timely discharge oxygen is lower on every side with keeping soft water.When adopting the Steam Heating deoxygenation, because the effect of increasing of bottom steam, it is better that oxygen is discharged condition, as long as keep the displacement of the deoxygenation water yield 0.3%, can effectively the oxygen that removes be discharged.Adopt deoxidation method of the present invention, lost the advantage that lower heating steam rises, the steam that only depends on the soft water boiling to produce carries out gland steam exhauster with the oxygen that removes, and its deoxygenation effect is not as the former.Therefore, in order to reduce soft water oxygen partial pressure on every side, the displacement of oxygen-eliminating device be increased to 0.7～0.9% of the deoxygenation water yield.
For the technology waste heat of needs cooling, the increase of deaerator exhaust amount does not increase energy consumption, and is because the heat of discharging is taken from the technology waste heat that needs cooling more, favourable to reducing cooling water consumption.
Application example:
1. process description: Nanjing Refinery catalytic cracking oil refining apparatus, in order to control gasoline endpoint, extracting temperature out from the 26th layer of tower tray of fractionating column is 135～140 ℃, the cut (refluxing) that is equivalent to kerosene hereinafter to be referred as the top, after being cooled to 60～65 ℃, getting back to the 30th layer of tower tray of fractionating column, is 105～110 ℃ to keep tower top temperature.
Control flow chart is seen Fig. 3.Refluxing (13) in the top, regulates (14) through discharge record, divides two-way to enter the housing of making the U type heat exchange of heat pipe (12) of tube bank of stainless steel (1Cr 18Ni9Ti) pipe, and the model of heat exchanger is YB1000-290-16/16-4.After soft water (1) heat exchange from boiler, regulate (16) through thermograph, enter cooler (19) respectively, the control fractionation tower temperature is in 105～110 ℃ of scopes.The tube side that soft water (1) divides two-way to enter U type heat exchange of heat pipe after backflow (13) heat exchange of top, is regulated (17) through the oxygen-eliminating device liquid level recorder, and control enters the flow of oxygen-eliminating device.Soft water is all by U type heat exchange of heat pipe (12), and temperature is regulated by-pass (18) control of (15) and heat exchanger (12) after its heat exchange by thermograph.
Operating condition is: the soft water temperature of advancing oxygen-eliminating device is that 107～110 ℃ of pressure are 3-4kg/cm 2, the operating pressure of oxygen-eliminating device is 0.14～0.2kg/cm 2
2. soft water deoxygenation quality
Various pressure rating boiler feedwater oxygen content, iron-holder standard and see literary composition back table with the level that Steam Heating deoxygenation and deoxidation method of the present invention are reached:
3. economic benefit:
Only with utilizing the technology waste heat soft water is preheating to 80 ℃, ℃ compares with Steam Heating to 104.25, adopt deoxidation method of the present invention, it is 10kg/cm that one ton of steam of the every product of boiler can be saved pressure 2, temperature is 250 ℃ 42.3 kilograms of steam.Press 1532400 tons of vapour in 84 years and the 85 years common properties,, saved RMB altogether in 2 years and be by 8.1 yuan of calculating of steam per ton:
1532400 * 0.0423 * 8.1=525046 unit
Index boiler pressure grade Steam Heating the present invention reach
Force down the level that deoxygenation reaches in the high pressure
Level
Oxygen content (micrograms per litre)＜7＜15＜30 ≯ 5 ≯ 5
Iron-holder (micrograms per litre)＜30＜50＜50 ≯ 23 ≯ 25

Claims (3)

1, a kind of boiler or steam generator feedwater deaeration method adopt the directly little droplet that has been atomized of heating of water vapour, and little droplet is heated to boiling temperature under the oxygen-eliminating device pressure, and the dissolved oxygen in the water is removed and along with small amount of steam is drained from gland steam exhauster; It is characterized in that thermal source is introduced heat exchanger is heated to above boiling temperature under the air suspended type oxygen-eliminating device pressure to soft water indirectly, vaporize because of the unexpected step-down of little water droplet after entering oxygen-eliminating device, the dissolved oxygen in the water is removed and drains from gland steam exhauster with the part steam of self vaporizing.
2, feedwater deaeration method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that thermal source can be the technology waste heat of process units 〉=120 ℃.
3, feedwater deaeration method as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that by the soft water pressure of heat exchanger and answers＞4kg/cm 2, temperature should be higher than the boiling temperature of oxygen-eliminating device pressure, to guarantee the into soft water pressure 〉=3kg/cm of oxygen-eliminating device 2, temperature 〉=107 ℃.
CN86101425A 1986-03-12 1986-03-12 Atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without using water vapour Expired CN1009304B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN86101425A CN1009304B (en) 1986-03-12 1986-03-12 Atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without using water vapour

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN86101425A CN1009304B (en) 1986-03-12 1986-03-12 Atmospheric-type thermodynamic deoxidizing method without using water vapour

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CN86101425A CN86101425A (en) 1987-09-23
CN1009304B true CN1009304B (en) 1990-08-22

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Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101655103B (en) * 2009-08-30 2011-09-07 丰原宿州生物化工有限公司 Method for precooling centrifugal pump used for transporting low temperature ethylene
CN102506413B (en) * 2011-10-09 2013-09-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Desalted water high-pressure oxygen removing method capable of utilizing low-temperature heat of catalytic cracking device
CN103508503B (en) * 2013-09-25 2016-01-20 浙江力聚热水机有限公司 A kind of heat exchange de-aerator plant
CN106195458A (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-12-07 天津市英坦圣纸制品有限责任公司 A kind of water pipe for steam condensate recovering device
CN110454768B (en) * 2019-08-05 2020-12-04 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 Method for prolonging service life of boiler water supply system
CN114535226B (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-10-21 中山市沧浪之水环保科技有限公司 Full-automatic descaling machine based on frequency conversion pulse electrolysis

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