CN1008547B - Composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles - Google Patents
Composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- CN1008547B CN1008547B CN 88105496 CN88105496A CN1008547B CN 1008547 B CN1008547 B CN 1008547B CN 88105496 CN88105496 CN 88105496 CN 88105496 A CN88105496 A CN 88105496A CN 1008547 B CN1008547 B CN 1008547B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- variable
- spring
- vehicles
- gear shift
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a comprehensive hydraulic mechanical speed changer for vehicles, which is formed by connecting a speed-regulating clutch and a planetary speed changer and belongs to the technical field of a speed changer. The speed-regulating clutch adopts a friction plate having special patterns and structure, a combination spring and a spring seat having special structure. The present invention can ensure complete disengagement of the speed-regulating clutch and can realize automatic stepless speed regulation, and the speed-regulating clutch can be designed into a locking type or non-locking type according to requirements. The present invention can be widely used for transmission systems of the vehicles so that the transmission system can acquire automatic and stepless speed change capacity and torque change capacity and has good adaptability.
Description
The invention belongs to Hydromechanical transmission.
The drive system of vehicle is that the moment of torsion with motor passes to driving wheel, must adapt to the needs of driving conditions simultaneously, changes the size of moment of torsion and the rotating speed of output shaft.Between power input and output parts, use the hydraulic machine transmission of fluid torque converter series connection mechanical gear box, become the developing direction of driver for vehicle in modern age.For example red flag CA770A, red flag CA770B, 32 tons of dump trucks of Shanghai SH380 type etc. all adopt this scheme.
But also there are some significant disadvantages in this transmission scheme.The fluid torque converter complex structure, the cost height, and also torque-converters itself can not locking.And in order to obtain high efficiency transmission condition, blocking function is again that car transmissions are necessary.In order to realize locking, often to outside fluid torque converter, increase lockup clutch, pump impeller and turbine are realized rigid joint with the locking friction clutch.So just more increased the complexity of its structure.
The objective of the invention is to create to match in excellence or beauty with above-mentioned traditional scheme on a kind of performance and construct greatly the new work transmission of simplifying, thereby reduce cost, can be more vehicles, improve the performance of vehicle.
Composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift of the present invention is made up of a kind of fixed shaft type speed-changing gear box of variable-speed clutch series connection or planetary transmission.Wherein key is to replace fluid torque converter and the lockup clutch that has now in the hydraulic machine transmission with a multidisc variable-speed clutch, forms a kind of novel composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift.When requiring extra high sedan car not require the hydraudynamic drive locking to some driving comfort, it is not locking that a kind of modification of variable-speed clutch also can be made.
Fig. 1 is a composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a variable-speed clutch principle assumption diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle assumption diagram of cluster spring group;
Fig. 4 is the example of friction plate pattern structure.
I is the variable-speed clutch part among Fig. 1, and II is the planetary transmission part.Planetary transmission can and be selected various typical structures, for example Simpson structure, Powerflite structure or other many grades of gear graduations for use according to the configuration of vehicle driving condition.
As shown in Figure 2, variable-speed clutch has driving shaft 1, support 6, and baffle plate 7, above three element is formed driving part.The driven shaft 9 that has rotary drum 18 is bearing in casing 10 and the case lid 8, and support has internal tooth and active friction plate 4 to be connected, and external tooth is arranged on the driven shaft rotary drum and connect mutually from movable friction plate 5.Piston 3 is installed in the oil cylinder 20 of driving part, and there are cluster spring 12 and special construction spring seat 11 in piston 3 back sides.Driving shaft 1 drives oil pump 15 by gear 2 and 13.The lubricating oil path of the compositions such as oilhole 19 of lubricant oil in cooler 16, oil purifier 17 and driven shaft is full of friction plate group 4,5, by means of the liquid viscous friction between friction plate, makes driving shaft drive the driven shaft revolution.Constitute control oil channel by the oilhole on oil pump, pressure regulator valve, the driving shaft 21 and oil cylinder 20 etc.Enter the in-oil cylinder oil pressure size of driving shaft by adjusting and change the displacement of piston, that is change the combination degree between friction plate, thereby change output torque and rotating speed.
Technical characteristics of the present invention is: (1) replaces fluid torque converter and lockup clutch with above-mentioned variable-speed clutch, forms a kind of new composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift.
(2) variable-speed clutch has cluster spring 12 and special construction spring seat 11, and this is that the assurance variable-speed clutch can throw off and realize stepless speed regulation fully, improve bearing capacity, and the critical component of whether realizing locking.
(3) friction plate of variable-speed clutch has special decorative pattern and structure.
The driving part quality of variable-speed clutch is big, has very big rotary inertia, can replace the effect of flywheel.Variable-speed clutch is simple to operate, as long as regulate the size that a hydrovalve just can change control oil pressure (being piston oil-cylinder 20 internal pressures).Reduce to control oil pressure to minimum, friction plate is thrown off fully, at this moment variable-speed clutch just plays clutch, can make the unloaded starting of motor.When motor during, regulate moment of torsion and rotating speed that control oil pressure size just can change the variable-speed clutch output shaft with certain rotation speed operation.Difference along with output shaft rotating speed (reflection Vehicle Speed), variable-speed clutch can change the moment of torsion of transmission automatically, the i.e. effect of speed changer of having held concurrently of variable-speed clutch at this moment makes that transmission system obtains automatically, the ability of speed change and bending moment infinitely, and vehicle has good adaptive.Generally, when the output shaft rotating speed reduces, can strengthen the moment of torsion of transmission automatically.When the combination fully of friction plate group quilt, promptly realize locking, the variable-speed clutch of this moment is equivalent to rigid coupling, realizes direct transmission, has peak efficiency.
The cluster spring 12 and the special construction spring seat 11 that constitute the cluster spring group are the composite entities of coupling mutually.Cluster spring by two stiffness coefficient differences, be uneven in length cylindrically coiled spring parallel connection (nestable) different and form with rotary orientation, and be installed on the spring seat of special construction, as shown in Figure 3,12a is that stiffness coefficient is k
1Flexure spring, its length l
1Equal or be slightly larger than distance H between piston and the spring seat supporting plane
1, a cylindrical core 11a is housed on the spring seat 11b, be k in order to the support stiffness coefficient
2Stiffness spring 12b, the height of the following cylinder table of cylindrical core 11a is H
4, diameter is φ d
1, φ d
1Be slightly less than the internal diameter of flexure spring.The height of the center circle pin of 11a is H
3, diameter is φ d
2, φ d
2Be slightly less than the internal diameter of stiffness spring 12b.Stiffness spring free length l
2Add the high H of cylinder table
4Resulting height overall is H
2, H
2Less than H
1And greater than H
3Its numerical value should decide according to working condition requirement and machining accuracy.If friction plate fully in conjunction with the time piston range be S, for the variable-speed clutch that requires to realize locking, the high H of center circle pin of 11a
3Should be less than (H
1-S).For the variable-speed clutch that requires not locking, the high H of straight pin
3Should be slightly larger than (H
1-S).This cluster spring group has a plurality of, on the uniform circumference that is installed in radiuses such as the piston back side.
Active friction plate 4 and from movable friction plate 5 friction pair that partners, wherein two of a slice surfaces are smooth plane, two surfaces of another sheet have the oil duct oil groove and form peculiar decorative pattern.The pattern structure that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 4.33 is oil duct among the figure, has certain width a and degree of depth b and mainly plays fuel feeding, and its size should determine by flow, generally can make uniform section.31 and 32 form the ladder plane, and promptly 32 is flat surface, plays oil groove.The height on ladder plane 31 to plane 32 is that the C.C value is very little, and the C value is significantly smaller than the b value on the order of magnitude.Its numerical value should decide according to working condition requirement and machining accuracy.Form a pattern structure unit by oil duct 33, ladder plane 31 and flat surface 32, a plurality of pattern structures unit is arranged by unified sense of rotation (shown in arrow among the figure) uniform distribution in two surfaces of same friction plate.Ladder plane 31 be θ to central angle
1, flat surface institute is θ to central angle
2, θ
1+ θ
2=θ, general θ
1≤ θ
2Be advisable.
Variable-speed clutch proposed by the invention series connection planetary transmission is formed novel composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift, makes that transmission system obtains automatically, the ability of speed change and bending moment infinitely, has good adaptive.Make the lighter and raising driving comfort of vehicle drive, increase the service life.Can be widely used in various vehicles such as car, bus, truck, tractor, loader and military tank, advanced technology, remarkable in economical benefits.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles, has planetary transmission, it is characterized in that: it also has a variable-speed clutch, this variable-speed clutch replaces fluid torque converter and lockup clutch, be composed in series composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift with planetary transmission, realize stepless change and locking, said variable-speed clutch has driving shaft 1, support 6, baffle plate 7, driven shaft 9, active friction plate 4, from movable friction plate 5, piston 3, oil cylinder 20, lubricating oil path and control oil channel, the uniform a plurality of cluster spring groups that are installed on the piston rear side that constitute by cluster spring 12 and special construction spring seat 11.
2, composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cluster spring 12 of said formation cluster spring group and special construction spring seat 11 are the composite entities of coupling mutually, cluster spring by two stiffness coefficient differences, be uneven in length cylindrically coiled spring parallel connection (nestable) different and be installed on the spring seat 11 of the special construction of forming by spring seat 11 and cylindrical core 11a with rotary orientation, its physical dimension is mated mutually.
3, as claim 1,2 described composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles, it is characterized in that: described active friction plate 4 and have special decorative pattern and structure from movable friction plate 5, this special decorative pattern and structure can be made of oil duct 33 and two ladder planes 31 and 32, oil duct plays the fuel feeding effect, two ladder planes constitute the ladder oil groove, to improve the ability and the speed adjusting performance of variable-speed clutch transmitting torque.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88105496 CN1008547B (en) | 1988-03-25 | 1988-03-25 | Composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88105496 CN1008547B (en) | 1988-03-25 | 1988-03-25 | Composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1036066A CN1036066A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
| CN1008547B true CN1008547B (en) | 1990-06-27 |
Family
ID=4833681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88105496 Expired CN1008547B (en) | 1988-03-25 | 1988-03-25 | Composite hydraulic mechanical gear shift for vehicles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1008547B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109228805B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2021-07-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | Emergency automatic inflating device for automobile tire |
| CN111140633A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-12 | 张志鹏 | SAT self-adaptation derailleur |
-
1988
- 1988-03-25 CN CN 88105496 patent/CN1008547B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1036066A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |