CN1008435B - Crank gearing for cycles, tricycles or the like - Google Patents
Crank gearing for cycles, tricycles or the likeInfo
- Publication number
- CN1008435B CN1008435B CN 88101097 CN88101097A CN1008435B CN 1008435 B CN1008435 B CN 1008435B CN 88101097 CN88101097 CN 88101097 CN 88101097 A CN88101097 A CN 88101097A CN 1008435 B CN1008435 B CN 1008435B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crank
- pedal
- driving mechanism
- gear ring
- axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
- B62M1/36—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with rotary cranks, e.g. with pedal cranks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M3/00—Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
- B62M2003/006—Crank arrangements to overcome dead points
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A crank mechanism has two pedal cranks (2) offset at 180 DEG to each other, each of which is articulated with a sliding crank (8) through a guiding rod (6). The guiding part (9) of the sliding crank is connected in a non-rotating manner to a driving bearing axle (11), on which is seated a sprocket wheel (12) which drives a sprocket wheel of the driving wheel of the vehicle through a sprocket wheel (18) and a chain wheel (19) firmly secured to the sprocket wheel (18). The sprocket wheel (18) and the chain wheel (19) turn freely on the axis of the tread bearing (3). The crank mechanism maintains the central tread circle of the pedals (4) essential to the rider's balance, the forces produced by loading of the boom of the pedals (4) being absorbed by the pedal gears (2) and the tread bearing axis (3). The sliding crank maximizes the driving torque, by reducing the effort required to propel the vehicle.
Description
The technical field of the invention is the driving device of bicycle.
The present invention relates to the crank driving mechanism of bicycle, three-wheel vehicle or this class vehicle, be known over more than 100 year, and still had no so far to be retained in various bicycles, three-wheel vehicle, water cycle and other foot-driven transportation meanss that to see usually with changing.At first, for various bicycles, people had once done various effort to be made by the rider and is applied to the rotating torque that power on the pedal can change into an increase, or under the situation of given rider's expenditure of energy, obtain the driving torque of an increase, or only need less expenditure of energy for certain driving power.A known measure is to utilize long pedal crank, because throw of lever is longer, has also just increased the rotating torque that is produced.Yet the lengthening of this pedal crank is limited in the very narrow scope because of rider's leg length, so that the length of spendable in practice maximum pedal crank is about 170 millimeters.
Owing to can not increase again for above-mentioned reason when the throw of lever of pedal crank is pedaled concentric circumferences,, make rider's the power of pedaling obtain more favourable conversion so will adopt a new approach.In austrian patent specification sheets (AT-PS 5698), very early this is had disclosed.Be that the pedal crank is made up of two arms, these two arms are movably by an eccentric wheel each other, and the pedal under making is made eccentric circular movement round axis.Simultaneously, the crank forearm that pedal is housed is to move in the crank postbrachium of captiveing joint with axis, and rabbets in eccentric ring with pin, and this eccentric ring forces with respect to axis and makes eccentric circular movement.Fixedly eccentric ring is like this configuration, makes crank in the horizontal direction, also promptly has maximum length on the position of travel direction, and the pedal arm of force can reach maxim when the power of pedaling is maximum like this, and to cause rotating torque be maximum.There are a lot of shortcomings in this known crank mechanism, because the crank arm that pedal is housed is to move in another is the crank arm of fork-shaped, then when the pedal crank is in vertically downward position, the rider often is placed on its whole strength on the pedal, and this only depends on the pin of interlocking in eccentric ring to bear, because pedal is vertical with the pedal crank, has produced very big bending force at first in this case, as distortion moment, be to bear load to eccentric ring.In addition, the lengthening of pedal crank can cause front-wheel to strengthen by above-mentioned amount of elongation from the spacing of axis, will change the bicycle frame structure that develops for many years like this, and this is obviously disadvantageous.
Another significant drawback of above-mentioned known crank mechanism is that this mechanism is greatly affected rider's balance.When pedal is pedaled as concentric circumferences around axis, can promote rider's balance.Therefore acrobat rider person uses very little transmitting ratio, pedals by frequent concentric circumferences, makes its balance on bicycle keep stable.An accentric pedal circular movement then makes rider's balance receive greatly to disturb.Therefore, the two-wheel car that above-mentioned crank mechanism is housed can not guarantee safe.So, can not solve the power of pedaling with eccentric pedal circular movement and change this problem better.
The mechanism that is provided by Germany patent specification (DE-PS92281) contrasts as prior art of the present invention, guide rod was delivered on the corresponding slide unit under the concentric circumferences of pedal crank moved through in this mechanism, this slide unit and a slip crank are fitted together and can move, and make eccentric circular movement around an axle drive shaft.Three axles of configuration are continuously arranged in this known version, and be interconnective by the connecting rod transmission.Its shortcoming is that the layout of long like this distance is to be applicable to common bicycle rack, because there is not operational requisite space.In addition, the shortcoming of this known crank driving mechanism is can not guarantee the necessary smooth and easy and pedal action that is circumference, thereby cause inevitable pedal to disturb.Its reason is, be applied on the pedal crank power behind the upper dead center position of crossing guide rod very soon at first be as transmission of pressure to the slip crank, this moment, pressure increased the bend loading that becomes guide rod gradually, and its maxim reaches on level slip crank position forward.And then much more more and more pedal power is used as pulling force and is delivered on the slip crank.Be bearing in guide rod bending at two ends, thereby its length is changed, so just not circumference pedal action smoothly owing to bend loading.In addition, these are delivered on the slip crank, and often the pressure and the pulling force of conversion also make the very fast damage of the notch of being opened on the slip crank.
Task of the present invention is that the crank driving mechanism of improvement the above-mentioned type bicycle, three-wheel vehicle or this class vehicle makes the expenditure of energy of powered vehicle greatly reduce.For this reason, crank driving mechanism should have enough stability, so that can sustain the load that works reliably.Simultaneously, should keep basically and prove the failure-free body frame structure for automotive.In addition, crank driving mechanism should make the pedal crank do circumference pedal action smoothly becomes possibility.Also have, the cyclist should be able to keep the posture the same with riding ordinary bicycle, and is so that cyclist's balance is unaffected fully, particularly all the more so when needing to exert oneself to pedal.
The present invention has creatively solved this task.
According to crank driving mechanism of the present invention, its slide unit is to be contained in one fixedly on the eccentric ring, and eccentric ring is configured in the axis top, makes axle drive shaft not only be in the axis top, but also is in along the rear of axis on the longitudinal direction of vehicle.The power that be applied on the pedal crank this moment only produces a kind of pulling force that is delivered on the slide unit in guide rod.This layout makes the power that is applied on the pedal crank in fact nondestructively be passed on the slip crank, and its slide unit is made it to move along eccentric ring by guide rod in whole force transmission region.So just make the action of circumference pedal might accomplish to carry out swimmingly.In addition, can guarantee above-mentioned action by fixing eccentric ring, this is because the slip crank is configured on the eccentric ring by means of a blade fin.
When the pedal crank was on the vertical upper dead center position, most probable generation pedal disturbed.According to crank driving mechanism of the present invention, the crank that slides at that time has been in certain obliquity, and has crossed its dead center position.This is because axle drive shaft not only is in axis top, but also is in the rear of axis on the longitudinal direction of car.The advantage of doing like this is to make its pedal on dead center position disturb trend greatly to reduce according to crank driving mechanism of the present invention, because the dead center position of pedal crank has just no longer existed actually owing to the slip crank has surmounted dead center position.
Be fixed on the top of axis according to its eccentric ring of crank driving mechanism of the present invention, this place can provide required space on a common vehicle frame of version failure-free, does not therefore need to do any change that may damage the bicycle running performance on vehicle frame.Because guide rod only applies a pulling force and no longer further acts on the eccentric ring on the slide unit of slip crank, so, crank driving mechanism of the present invention also has enough stability, can withstand all loads that produce on the slip crank that are delivered to owing to power reliably.
This slip crank has strengthened the arm of force of original propulsive effort, thereby has increased the drive torque around driving bearing.A gear ring is housed on the axle drive shaft, and this gear ring is driven by rotatablely moving of slip crank and is connected with the gear ring of drive wheel with type of drive.The required expenditure of energy of powered vehicle is done just greatly to have reduced under the situation of concentric pedal circumference action not abandoning pedal.
As mentioned above, because the centre of gration that the crank of pedal is housed in the crank driving mechanism is arranged in the shaft position of traditional cycle frame, therefore, when using device of the present invention, when the slip crank has strengthened the arm of force of original propulsive effort, kept cyclist's posture by bike the same, made cyclist's balance unaffected fully with the posture of riding ordinary bicycle.
The slip crank by a guide of captiveing joint and dress with axle drive shaft thereon movably slide unit formed, its front end is connected with the front end of affiliated pedal crank.
The slide unit of slip crank is connected with blade fin according to further suggestion of the present invention, for example connects by a pin.This blade fin is installed on the fixing circular eccentric ring, and suitably is provided with roller or ball bearing of main shaft.Circular eccentric ring forces the slide unit of slip crank to make circular movement, and the slip crank is an eccentric operating with respect to driving bearing.
For pedal power being converted to maximum drive torque, the slip crank should have extreme length, promptly has maximum arm of force and comes around axle drive shaft, and at this moment, the pedal crank is on the level position forward, simultaneously effective pedal power maximum of cyclist.
The present invention more advantageously, the gear ring that is configured on the axle drive shaft is captiveed joint with axle, and is in transmission connection with a gear ring that is configured on the axis, suitable way is with a chain.Back one gear ring also should be connected with a sprocket wheel, and sprocket wheel is contained on the axis also free to rotate together with gear ring.Above-mentioned sprocket wheel more suitably the gear ring of the rear drive sprocket by chain and bicycle or this class vehicle be in transmission connection.The gear ring that is contained on the axle drive shaft should because the raising of this transmitting ratio just can make sprocket wheel keep its original size, otherwise just need against one's will to make change greater than the gear ring on the axis on body frame structure for automotive.Comparing its another advantage according to crank driving mechanism of the present invention and such common crank driving mechanism up to now is that for example the required big speed ratio of racing car will be realized by a king size sprocket wheel.So just cause the sprocket wheel strength problem again, and may need cycle frame is done structural change.These difficulties are for being avoidable according to crank driving mechanism of the present invention.
Should interconnect by connecting panel with respect to the set eccentric ring in cycle frame both sides and to fix with the vehicle frame frame, therefore available plain mode makes eccentric ring that enough stability be arranged.
The present invention at last advantageously, slip crank length when extended configuration is about 240 millimeters.Used up to now its extreme length of pedal crank is about 170 millimeters to be compared, and forms a bigger arm of force, and its value is scheduled to pedal the drive torque about 40% that power produces above one.The pedal crank should have length be about 165 millimeters be only suitable.
Kept pedal according to crank driving mechanism of the present invention and done concentric pedal circumference action, this moment, bottom bracket bearing bore the load that produces owing to moment of flexure, and above-mentioned load is applied on the pedal crank by the pedal axle journal as cantilever action.The slip crank converts the power of pedaling to maximum drive torque, and stability problem does not take place at the eccentric ring place.In order to guarantee that slide unit has smooth and easy and light sliding condition with respect to the guide of slip crank, favourable way is that slide unit is bearing on the guide with roller or ball bearing of main shaft.
Other features of the present invention, advantage and details can show by the explanation of a following optimum structure pattern and by means of accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 represents the lateral plan according to crank driving mechanism of the present invention, and the pedal crank of this mechanism and slip crank all are on the level position forward, adds being shown with a position backward simultaneously on the left side of figure.
Fig. 2 is according to the front elevation of the crank driving mechanism of Fig. 1.
Illustrate in conjunction with a bicycle with shows in schematic form as far as possible according to crank driving mechanism of the present invention, be shown with vehicle frame (1) thus among Fig. 1.Crank driving mechanism has pedal crank (2) and rotates around axis (3), then is provided with pedal (4) at its free end and schematically is drawn in Fig. 1.Pedal (4) is to be connected with pedal crank (2) with bending rigidity actually by pedal axle (5).Pedal axle (5) passes guide rod (6) and is attached thereto, and guide rod is hinged on the slidably slide unit (7) of slip crank (8) with its other end.In addition, slip crank (8) also is made up of guide (9), and slide unit (7) is contained on the guide (9) slidably by ball bearing of main shaft (10).Guide (9) is captiveed joint with axle drive shaft (11), gear ring (12) is housed on axle drive shaft also captives joint with it.
The slide unit (7) of slip crank (8) is by pin (13) and blade fin (14) bonded assembly, blade fin is contained in eccentric ring (16) by means of ball bearing of main shaft (15) and goes up guiding, if pedal (4) is done the concentric circumferences motion around axis (3), then eccentric ring just forces slide unit (7) to make eccentric circular movement around axle drive shaft (11).
Gear ring (12) is connected with gear ring (18) by chain (17), and back one gear ring fixedly is assemblied in sprocket wheel (19) together with the one side, and this sprocket wheel then is connected with a unshowned bicycle rear gear ring by chain (20).Gear ring (18) can be contained on the axis (3) freely to rotate with the sprocket wheel of captiveing joint with it (19).
Certain position backward that the left side of Fig. 1 is shown with crank driving mechanism, at this to additional " a " word of the member piece number on the figure.In addition, with (21) expression circular path, the i.e. track of the point of connection between the slide unit (7) of guide rod (6) and slip crank (8), thereby also be pedal power to the point of action of slip crank on this track around operation.
By shown in Figure 2, two eccentric rings (16) are interconnected with (23) and be connected with vehicle frame (1) by connecting panel (22).Gear ring (12) and (18) and sprocket wheel (19) are positioned at the right side of bicycle.
At last as seen from Figure 1, if when slip crank (8) has its extreme length, then should the slip crank is also the same with pedal crank (2) be on the level position forward.The center-point (24) of eccentric ring (16) vertically is in the top of axis (3), and the rotation of slide like this crank (8) and pedal crank (2) just is unlikely mutual obstruction.The rotation round track of symbol (25) and (26) expression guide (9) top and guide rod (6) bottom hinge-point.
Vehicle frame (1) is connected with crank driving mechanism of the present invention and does not need to do to change on the structure, otherwise train operation performance may be affected.Therefore, on the reality, if the length that the slip crank has when extended configuration greater than 240 millimeters, also is impossible.
Claims (9)
1, the crank driving mechanism of bicycle, three-wheel vehicle or this class vehicle, have two and be configured to 180 ° pedal crank toward each other, the one end always is contained on the axis other end and then is provided with a pedal and does the concentric circumferences motion around axis, at last with above-mentioned Motion Transmission to the gear ring of the rear drive sprocket of bicycle or this class vehicle; For this reason, above-mentioned pedal crank is that the pivotally attached guide rod is connected with a slide unit by one in its end respectively, this slide unit is contained in the slip crank, above-mentioned crank then is to be configured on the axle drive shaft with respect to the axis biasing, make slide unit center on axle drive shaft and make eccentric circular movement, drive a gear ring that is configured on the axle drive shaft simultaneously, this gear ring is connected with the drive wheel gear ring with type of drive again; Feature of the present invention is: the slide unit (7) of slip crank (8) connects with a blade fin (14), this blade fin is gone up guiding at a fixing eccentric ring (16), and eccentric ring (16) is the top that is configured in axis (3), like this, axle drive shaft (11) not only is positioned at the top, and be to be positioned at the rear of axis (3) along longitudinal direction of car, thereby make the power that is applied on the pedal crank in guide rod (6), only cause a pulling force that can be passed on the slide unit (7).
2, press the crank driving mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that, slip crank (8) each by a guide (9) of captiveing joint with axle drive shaft (11) and and guide is fitted together and slidably slide unit (7) formed, its front end passes through institute's pivotally attached guide rod (6) and is connected with the front end of affiliated pedal crank (2).
3, by the crank driving mechanism of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that eccentric ring (16) is circular.
4, by the crank driving mechanism of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that when pedal crank (2) was positioned at level towards the front position, slip crank (8) had extreme length.
5, press the crank driving mechanism of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, gear ring (12) is captiveed joint with axle drive shaft (11), and then be in transmission connection with a gear ring (18) that is configured on the axis (3), this gear ring (18) is connected with a sprocket wheel (19), this sprocket wheel is contained on the axis (3) with gear ring (18), and can freely rotate, and the drive wheel gear ring with bicycle or this class vehicle is in transmission connection subsequently.
6, by the crank driving mechanism of claim 5, it is characterized in that, is interconnected by chain (17) and (20) between gear ring (12) and (18) and between the drive wheel sprocket wheel of sprocket wheel (19) and vehicle.
By the crank driving mechanism of claim 3, it is characterized in that 7, two eccentric rings (16) are interconnected by connecting panel (22,23).
8, by the crank driving mechanism of claim 4, it is characterized in that the length that slip crank (8) has is about 240 millimeters when extended configuration.
By the crank driving mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that 9, the center-point (24) of eccentric ring (16) passes through the top of axis (3) in vertical direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3707519.5 | 1987-03-09 | ||
| DE19873707519 DE3707519A1 (en) | 1987-03-09 | 1987-03-09 | Bottom-bracket bearing with sliding-crank drive bearing for bicycles |
| DEP3720364.9 | 1987-06-19 | ||
| DE19873720364 DE3720364C2 (en) | 1987-03-09 | 1987-06-19 | CRANKSET FOR BICYCLES, TRICYCLES OR THE LIKE. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN88101097A CN88101097A (en) | 1988-09-21 |
| CN1008435B true CN1008435B (en) | 1990-06-20 |
Family
ID=25853270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88101097 Expired CN1008435B (en) | 1987-03-09 | 1988-03-08 | Crank gearing for cycles, tricycles or the like |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0348408A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1008435B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1349088A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3720364C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988006997A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU619923B2 (en) * | 1988-11-17 | 1992-02-06 | Leslie Macintyre Reimers | A pedal arm |
| EP0387382B1 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1991-11-27 | ZIMMERMANN, Adolf | Crank mechanism for a bicycle, tricycle or the like |
| DE102022001105A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | Siegfried Hinzmann | Arrangement and method for accelerating bicycles with innovative pedals |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE92281C (en) * | ||||
| AT5698B (en) * | 1900-05-01 | 1901-10-25 | Josef Joch | |
| FR471835A (en) * | 1914-05-05 | 1914-11-12 | Francois Fede | Force and speed multiplier by extendable and retractable cranks applicable to all engines and vehicles |
| FR907486A (en) * | 1943-06-24 | 1946-03-13 | Variable radius crankset for cycles and similar vehicles | |
| GB620226A (en) * | 1946-01-22 | 1949-03-22 | Charles Elie Bascle | Improvements in or relating to driving mechanisms for bicycles and similar appliances |
| FR1121754A (en) * | 1955-04-02 | 1956-08-27 | Advanced mechanical power amplification device | |
| DE3318877A1 (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1984-11-29 | Werner 7031 Gäufelden Mayer | Pedal crank drive for a bicycle |
-
1987
- 1987-06-19 DE DE19873720364 patent/DE3720364C2/en not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-02-24 EP EP19880901790 patent/EP0348408A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-02-24 AU AU13490/88A patent/AU1349088A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1988-02-24 WO PCT/DE1988/000095 patent/WO1988006997A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-03-08 CN CN 88101097 patent/CN1008435B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0348408A1 (en) | 1990-01-03 |
| DE3720364A1 (en) | 1988-09-29 |
| WO1988006997A1 (en) | 1988-09-22 |
| AU1349088A (en) | 1988-10-10 |
| DE3720364C2 (en) | 1988-12-29 |
| CN88101097A (en) | 1988-09-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |