CN1007517B - 一种木材胶粘剂及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种木材胶粘剂及其生产方法

Info

Publication number
CN1007517B
CN1007517B CN87103497A CN88107485A CN1007517B CN 1007517 B CN1007517 B CN 1007517B CN 87103497 A CN87103497 A CN 87103497A CN 88107485 A CN88107485 A CN 88107485A CN 1007517 B CN1007517 B CN 1007517B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
waste water
formaldehyde
wet
water extract
fiber board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CN87103497A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1032348A (zh
Inventor
王正
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Research Institute of Wood Industry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Rio Tinto France SAS
Original Assignee
Research Institute of Wood Industry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Research Institute of Wood Industry of Chinese Academy of Forestry filed Critical Research Institute of Wood Industry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
Priority to CN87103497A priority Critical patent/CN1007517B/zh
Publication of CN1032348A publication Critical patent/CN1032348A/zh
Publication of CN1007517B publication Critical patent/CN1007517B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
    • B22D11/0685—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/28—Plates therefor
    • B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
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    • B25C5/02—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work
    • B25C5/0285—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation
    • B25C5/0292—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation with the objects to be stapled together introduced perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the tool in an opening formed by an anvil and a plunger
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
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    • B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
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    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
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    • B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
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    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/14—Registering devices with means for displacing the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/16—Registering devices with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B39/00—Increasing wheel adhesion
    • B60B39/003—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force
    • B60B39/006—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force characterised by a control system for the actuation of the rotating chain wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

利用湿法纤维板废水提取物经二步反应制木材胶粘剂。第一步，湿法纤维板废水提取物与甲醛在酸性条件下反应形成中间产物(1)废水提取物——甲醛复合体；第二步，中间产物(1)与尿素(或苯酚)反应，生成木材胶粘剂。

Description

1.名称：一种木材胶粘剂及生产方法。
2.所属领域：本发明涉及一种木材胶粘剂及其生产方法，尤其是用含木素的物质制木材胶粘剂及其方法。
3.现有技术：利用含木素物质可制木材胶粘剂的技术早以公知，但都是利用造纸废液为原料。美国专利4306999将造纸废液中提取出的木素溶解在酚-水或酚-水-氢氧化钠溶液中进行缩聚制胶合板用胶粘剂，日本专利73101475将亚硫酸造纸黑液直接与甲醛在酸性条件下反应制胶，这些都为一步缩聚成胶。一步法制胶，不足之处在于木素反应活性低，与甲醛一次缩聚反应不充分，而多加甲醛又会使胶粘剂中游离甲醛含量增加。苏联专利SU1237678公开了利用造纸废液分二步进行制胶的方法，即首先将碱性硫酸盐木素与甲醛在碱性（pH    9-12）条件下缩聚，然后再加尿素，使其缩聚成胶。由于造纸与湿法纤维板生产工艺上的差异，造纸废液与湿法纤维板废水提取物中的成份有较大区别。湿法纤维板废水提取物中除木素外，还有大量半纤维素，而且两者以木素一半纤维素复合体的形式存在，因此湿法纤维板废水提取物在碱性条件下与甲醛的缩聚反应极其微弱。
4.目的：本发明的目的在于利用湿法纤维板废水制木材胶粘剂，提供一种适于用湿法纤维板废水制木材胶粘剂的方法。
5.内容描述：本发明的木材胶粘剂组份为（重量%）;60-35的甲醛（浓度37%），30-15的尿素（或苯酚），10-50的湿法纤维板废水提取物（固含量50-100%）。
本发明是利用申请号为871000096的发明专利的湿法纤维板热压废水经超滤处理后的截留部份，将其在100℃以下常压浓缩、干造，制成固含量为50-100%的废水提取物，由废水提取物与甲醛、尿素（或苯酚）经两步反应制成木材胶粘剂。第一步，湿法纤维板废水提取物与甲醛在酸性（pH＜4）条件下缩聚，形成中间产物（I）即湿法纤维板废水提取物-甲醛复合体;该反应在甲醛过量的情况下进行，湿法纤维板废水提取物与甲醛的重量比为1∶1.2-6，反应温度为85-95℃，反应时间1-4小时。第二步，形成中间产物（I）后的剩余甲醛与尿素（或苯酚）继续缩聚形成木材胶粘剂。
在此胶粘剂的生产中，第一步反应无需控制粘度，反应时间视纤维板废水的成份而定。一般阔叶材生产纤维板产生的废水提取物，反应时间稍长;针叶材生产纤维板产生的废水提取物，反应时间短些。由于各种人造板对所需胶粘剂的各项指标要求不同，所以第二步反应需根据其应用树种对指标的要求，按一般木材胶粘剂生产标准控制粘度、反应温度及pH值。
6.效果及优点：本发明的优点在于能使湿法纤维板生产中产生的废水得以利用，又避免了废水对环境的污染，而且使此胶粘剂的生产成本比一般木材用胶粘剂的生产成本低10%以上。本发明的胶粘剂粘度为300-3000厘泊，游离甲醛含量仅为0.2-0.8%，用尿素进行再缩聚的可达到二类胶合板胶粘剂胶层强度标准，用苯酚进行再缩聚的可达一类胶合板用胶粘剂胶层强度标准。
上述标准的描述为：
一类胶（以椴木胶合板为例）：标准试件在沸水中煮2小时后测试，胶层湿强度10公斤/平方厘米以上。
二类胶（以椴木胶合板为例）：标准试件在60℃±3℃水中煮3小时后测试，胶层湿强度10公斤/平方厘米以上。
本胶粘剂适于做刨花板、中密度纤维板、胶合板、夹板门等人造板及其制品的胶粘用胶。
7.实施例：
实施例1：
取湿法纤维板废水提取物250克（以绝干计），加800克甲醛（浓度37%），用酸调到pH4，在85-95℃条件下反应1-4小时，然后将温度降到35-45℃，将pH值调到7-8，加入280克尿素，在85-95℃条件下反应1小时;再将pH值调到5-6，反应0.5小时;最后将pH值调到7-8，同时降温到75-80℃，加70克尿素，保温0.5小时，冷却后即得木材胶粘剂。此胶粘剂可达二类胶合板胶粘剂标准。
实施例2：
取湿法纤维板废水提取物250克（以绝干计），加800克甲醛（浓度37%），用酸调到pH＜4，在85-95℃条件下反应1-4小时;然后将温度降到35-45℃，将pH值调到8.5-9.5，加入650克苯酚，在95-100℃条件下反应0.5-1小时，降温到40℃，即得木材胶粘剂。此胶粘剂可达一类胶合板胶粘剂标准。

Claims (2)

1、一种由甲醛、尿素(或苯酚)在酸性条件下制得的木材胶粘剂，其特征在于在制取它时还使用了湿法纤维板废水提取物，各原料的用量分别为(以重量%表示)：
甲醛水溶液(浓度为37%)  35-60
尿素(或苯酚)           15-30
湿法纤维板废水提取物
(其固体含量为50-100%)  10-50
2、如权利要求1的木材胶粘剂的生产方法，其特征在于把湿法纤维板热压废水经超滤处理所得的截留部分在100℃以下被浓缩、干燥后所得的物质，与甲醛在酸性（pH＜40）及甲醛过量的条件下，在85-95℃反应1-4小时，生成废水提取物-甲醛复合体，即中间产物（1），然后将中间产物（1）与尿素（或苯酚）反应，生成木材胶粘剂。
CN87103497A 1988-11-05 1988-11-05 一种木材胶粘剂及其生产方法 Expired CN1007517B (zh)

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