CN1006236B - Iron-manganese-aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys - Google Patents
Iron-manganese-aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys Download PDFInfo
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- CN1006236B CN1006236B CN87105055.2A CN87105055A CN1006236B CN 1006236 B CN1006236 B CN 1006236B CN 87105055 A CN87105055 A CN 87105055A CN 1006236 B CN1006236 B CN 1006236B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the iron-mangan-aluminum-chromium series anti-ferromagnetic precise resistor alloy series based on the alloy paramagnetism to anti-ferromagnetism transformation. An anti-ferromagnetic sequential scattering resistor counteracts a phonon scattering resistor so that the alloy has a minor temperature coefficient of the resistor in a range of an operation temperature. The resistor characteristics of the present invention approach to those of the famous nickel-base resistor alloy such as Karma, etc., but the production process is simple, the complex heat treatment is unnecessary, and the cost of raw materials is lower. The precise resistor alloy contains components of Fe, Mn, Al, Cr, C, Si, S, P, etc., and is an ideal material for manufacturing precision resistor elements in electrotechnical-electronic instruments and meters.
Description
The invention belongs to a kind of novel precision electrical resistance alloy, is the ideal material that is used for making the fine resistive element of electrician and electronic machine, instrument.
The resistance alloy that is usually used in making fine resistive element at present has two big classes; One class is a mauganin, its resistivity lower (ρ=40 μ Ω cm), use temperature scope narrower (about 283-313K), another kind of is that nickel chromio-based alloy (containing small amounts of iron, aluminium or manganese) is as Karma alloy (75%Ni, 20%Cr, 2.5%Al, 2.5%Fe) etc., its resistance higher (ρ＞100 μ Ω cm), use temperature a wider range (208-393K).But this NiCrFeAl alloy needs through complicated heat treatment, and its temperature coefficient of resistance is rather responsive to thermal treatment process, be difficult to grasp and raw-material price more expensive.
Once publish a kind of temperature compensation resistance alloy in the 13rd piece of the 2nd chapter resistance alloy of China's motor engineering handbook, contained Mn32-37%, Al5-7% in the composition, all the other are Fe.In working temperature (223-333K), it has very big negative value temperature coefficient of resistance (200～-300 * 10
-6/ ℃), its resistance is violent decline with the rising of temperature, so can be used for doing in the ammeter line temperature compensation.
People study the antiferromagnetic Invar alloy of Fe-Mn for many years, so far fail to use, this has the reason of two aspects, and the one, antiferromagnetic transition and the unusual characteristic of the rerum natura of following do not meet the requirement of function alloy, and the 2nd, weave construction stability, chemical stability and processing technology are all very poor.
The objective of the invention is in order to utilize the contriver to study Al, Cr and Si result γ-paramagnetic-antiferromagnetic transition of Fe-Mn alloy and the unusual influence that changes of the resistance of following, a kind of resistance based on antiferromagnetic transition is higher, temperature coefficient of resistance is less thereby prepare, and the simple precision electrical resistance alloy of thermal treatment process.Control the Neel transition point T of alloy with the design (suitable Mn, Al, Cr ratio) of alloying constituent
NIn the upper limit of resistance alloy working temperature, and at T
NBelow make the decrease of the increasing amount counteracting phon scattering resistance of antiferromagnetic order scattering resistance, just can obtain to have the Fe-Mn-Al-Cr precision electrical resistance alloy of less resistive temperature factor in operating temperature range, its principle as shown in Figure 1.In Fig. 1, the actual measurement total electrical resistance ρ am(T of curve 1 expression Fe-Mn-Al-Cr precision electrical resistance alloy), and ρ am(T)=ρ r+ ρ p(T)+ρ m(T)
In the formula: ρ r is residual resistance, ρ p(T) be phon scattering resistance, ρ m(T) be the algebraic sum of antiferromagnetic order resistance and magnetic disorder resistance.The normal resistance rate ρ n of the no antiferromagnetic transition of curve 2 expression hypothesis and the relation of temperature, ρ n=ρ r+ ρ p(T), curve 3 expression antiferromagnetic order scattering resistance curves 2 can get this explanation of curve at T with curve 3 additions
NThe resistance rising that the following antiferromagnetic order scattering of point causes, if can offset phon scattering resistance decline (| △ ρ m|
| △ ρ p|), (△ T=t in this section temperature range then
1-t
2) resistivity of alloy is very little with variation of temperature, promptly has lower temperature factor.
The effect of each element: Fe-Mn is the antiferromagnetism matrix, is unique rising T in this alloy in the precision electrical resistance alloy of the present invention
NThe element of point.Mn content should reach and make T
NPoint is a little more than the degree of the upper limit of resistance working temperature.Al act as: (1) produces bigger △ ρ m, to offset △ ρ p, reduces temperature coefficient of resistance; (2) significantly increase ρ r, improve the resistance of alloy; (3) austenite structure of stable alloy; (4) improve heat, cold-forming property; (5) increase chemical stability.Cr act as: (1) significantly increases chemical stability; (2) electric property that slightly increases △ ρ m and can regulate alloy; (3) improve heat, cold-forming property.
Content of the present invention and implementation method comprise the composition and the production technique of precision electrical resistance alloy, and existing division is as follows:
1, iron-manganese of the present invention-aluminium-iron-Manganese-Aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys contains: Mn24-34%, Al1.5-3.5%, Cr0-9%C0.1-0.4%, Si≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, all the other compositions of P≤0.04% are Fe, because of Si similar to the influence and the Al of γ-Fe-Mn alloy antiferromagnetic transition and resistance abnormality, so also available Si replaces part A l.
The preferential alloying constituent of selecting of this precision electrical resistance alloy has three kinds of chemical compositions:
(1) contains Mn30～33%, Al2-2.9%, Cr3-8%, C0.1～0.3% in the composition.
(2) contain Mn31～32%, Al2.5～3.1%, C0.1～0.25% in the composition.
(3) contain Mn24～27%, Al2～3%, Cr0～3%, C0.1～0.3% in the composition.
(above-mentioned percentage ratio is weight percentage)
The salient features of precision electrical resistance alloy of the present invention is listed in following two tables:
Table 1 electric property
Table 2 mechanical property
2, the production method of precision electrical resistance alloy of the present invention be before melting, need with starting material clean, drying and degasification, use after used electrolytic industry fine aluminium ingot is answered remelting or high temperature forge hot, as then must give the fusing degassing earlier with electrolytic manganese.This precision electrical resistance alloy need adopt vacuum induction furnace smelting, when metal M n begins to melt, and the secondary oxidation when feeding Ar gas (keep near a barometric point) immediately with the oxidation in the volatilization that suppresses manganese, molten bath and ingot casting.The forging range of the alloy pig of precision electrical resistance alloy of the present invention is 1120 ℃～800 ℃.When utilizing this precision electrical resistance alloy to make resistance element, only need air cooling processing after the solid solution in 950 ℃～1050 ℃ temperature range for the various section bars of making resistance element.Silk material for φ 1mm only need be incubated 5～10 minutes.
Iron-manganese of the present invention-aluminium-chromium be precision electrical resistance alloy compared with prior art, main characteristics is:
(1) the principle difference of reduction temperature coefficient of resistance.The present invention system obtains less temperature coefficient of resistance by spontaneous paramagnetic-antiferromagnetic transition own, and general nickel-base resistance alloy such as Karma alloy then are to reduce temperature factor by being heat-treated to K state (the poly-partially or short range order of atom).
(2) precision electrical resistance alloy thermal treatment process of the present invention is simple, only need a solution treatment after becoming a useful person, temperature coefficient of resistance is insensitive to the fluctuation of heat-treat condition, and general Karma heat treatment of alloy technology is complicated, and its temperature coefficient of resistance is responsive to the fluctuation of thermal treatment process, quite difficult the grasp.
(3) prices of raw and semifnished materials that adopted are cheap.Precision electrical resistance alloy of the present invention is an iron, and contained Mn, Al, Cr sum only account for 40%, and the price of metal M n and commercial-purity aluminium is cheap more than metallic nickel and chromium metal.
According to aforementioned content of the present invention and implementation method, now as follows for embodiment:
In preferred component of the present invention, design its chemical ingredients of a kind of precision electrical resistance alloy and be:
According to this prescription, be raw material with soft steel, electric stove metal manganese, commercial-purity aluminium, Industrial Metal chromium, and clean, the dry and processing of degassing.In vacuum induction furnace, smelt then, will change when clear, feed argon shield immediately near a barometric point when manganese; And then add the Al piece, treat can be cast into the heavy garden ingot of 10kg after the aluminium block fusing evenly.When the garden ingot at the square rod that between 1120 ℃-800 ℃, is swaged into 20 * 20mm after 1150 ℃ of homogenizing, roll into φ 8 wire rods then.Wire rod is processed into the following resistance wire of φ 1mm through repeatedly cold-drawn (comprising process annealing).The relation of this Precise Alloy resistance value and temperature as shown in Figure 2, temperature coefficient of resistance α approximately ± 25 * 10 between 203～343K
-6/ ℃.
Claims (7)
1, iron-manganese-aluminium-iron-Manganese-Aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys is characterized in that containing Mn24～34%, AL1.5～3.5%, C0.1～0.4%, Si≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.04%, Fe surplus.
2, according to the precision electrical resistance alloy of claim 1, wherein also contain Cr0～9%.
3,, it is characterized in that the preferential alloying constituent of selecting contains Mn31～32%, AL2.5～3.1%, C0.1～0.25%, Si≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.04%, Fe surplus according to the precision electrical resistance alloy of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that the preferential alloying constituent of selecting contains Mn30～33%, AL2～2.9%, Cr3～8%, C0.1～0.3%, Si≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.04%, Fe surplus according to the precision electrical resistance alloy of claim 2.
5, precision electrical resistance alloy according to claim 2 is characterized in that the preferential alloying constituent of selecting contains Mn24～27%, AL2～3%, Cr0～3%, C0.1～0.3%, Si≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.04%, Fe surplus.
6, the preparation method of precision electrical resistance alloy according to claim 3, the forging range that it is characterized in that alloy pig are 1120 ℃～800 ℃.
7, the preparation method of precision electrical resistance alloy according to claim 4 is characterized in that the various section bars of making resistance element only need air cooling processing after 950 ℃～1050 ℃ solid solutions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105055.2A CN1006236B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | Iron-manganese-aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105055.2A CN1006236B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | Iron-manganese-aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87105055A CN87105055A (en) | 1988-10-19 |
| CN1006236B true CN1006236B (en) | 1989-12-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105055.2A Expired CN1006236B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | Iron-manganese-aluminum chromium series diamagnetic precision resistor alloys |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101538675B (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2010-12-29 | 江苏星火特钢有限公司 | Method for producing tough iron-chromium-aluminium ferritic electrothermal alloy |
| CN105182252A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 国家电网公司 | DC analog load device |
| EP3176281B1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2019-03-27 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Method for improving an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for clockmaking uses |
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- 1987-08-03 CN CN87105055.2A patent/CN1006236B/en not_active Expired
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