CN100595090C - Negative pressure control apparatus for vehicle breaking operation - Google Patents

Negative pressure control apparatus for vehicle breaking operation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100595090C
CN100595090C CN200710167930A CN200710167930A CN100595090C CN 100595090 C CN100595090 C CN 100595090C CN 200710167930 A CN200710167930 A CN 200710167930A CN 200710167930 A CN200710167930 A CN 200710167930A CN 100595090 C CN100595090 C CN 100595090C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
negative pressure
air
pressure control
flow regulating
regulating valve
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200710167930A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101186181A (en
Inventor
铃木英树
林和宏
大坪诚
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Denso Corp
Soken Inc
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Denso Corp
Nippon Soken Inc
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Publication of CN101186181A publication Critical patent/CN101186181A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/02—Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10229—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like the intake system acting as a vacuum or overpressure source for auxiliary devices, e.g. brake systems; Vacuum chambers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

A negative pressure control apparatus for vehicle breaking operation. A communication passage for generating braking negative pressure is connected to an air passage for respective cylinders at a downstream side of a throttle valve. An air ejector is provided in a negative pressure pipe, to which communication passages for the respective cylinders are converged. A negative pressure passage for a brake booster is connected to the air ejector at a side of suction gas via a check valve. A passage for PCV gas and an intake air branched passage for bifurcating a part of the intake air from a surgetank at an upstream side of the throttle valve are connected to a driving gas side of the air ejector, wherein a negative pressure control valve is provided in the intake air branched passage. The PCVgas and the part of the intake air are forced to flow into the driving gas side of the air ejector, so that the air ejector functions as a vacuum pump. As a result, the braking negative pressure forthe brake booster can be surely reduced to a target negative pressure.

Description

The negative pressure control apparatus that is used for vehicle breaking operation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of negative pressure control apparatus that is used for vehicle breaking operation, wherein, be used for controlling the flow regulating valve that enters amount of air and be located at and be used for supplying with each fork that enters air and enter air by-pass passage to corresponding engine cylinder.
Background technology
Recently, as disclosed among the open No.2005-344606 of Japanese Patent, the fork that flow regulating valve is located at the respective cylinder that is used for driving engine enters air by-pass passage (induction maniflod), thereby correspondingly control enters amount of air.In addition, being communicated with chamber is arranged to communicate with each other entering the respective downstream side of air by-pass passage at flow regulating valve.The nozzle that is used for negative pressure is located at the connection chamber, and air-intake negative-pressure is applied to brake servo unit from nozzle, thereby, obtained to be used for the negative pressure of brake operating.
In the above-mentioned throttle system that is provided with flow regulating valve for respective cylinder (many valves type throttle system), great changes will take place in the downstream of flow regulating valve in each stroke (suction stroke, compression stroke, explosion stroke and exhaust stroke) to enter air pressure, and this is owing to the volume that enters air by-pass passage is little in the downstream of flow regulating valve.In the time period that can obtain the required air-intake negative-pressure of brake operating is limited to during near each engine cylinder this BDC of suction stroke (lower dead point).The time period that is used to obtain the required air-intake negative-pressure of brake operating is shorter than common throttle system, and in common throttle system, the upstream side that single flow regulating valve is located at baffle-box enters amount of air with control.Therefore, the deficiency that exists in many valves type throttle system is, is not easy to obtain to be used for the negative pressure of brake operating.
Especially, driving engine is equipped with PCV system (crank case forced ventilation system), evaporated fuel gas handling system (fuel steam processing system) or similar system in recent years, to reduce to the HC of air quantity discharged.According to this system, crank case ventilating gas or evaporated fuel gas are introduced in the air inlet pipe in flow regulating valve downstream.Therefore, have in the many valves type throttle system that enters air by-pass passage of little volume in the downstream of flow regulating valve, be not only when flow regulating valve is opened, still when flow regulating valve is closed to its complete off position, the air pressure that enters in flow regulating valve downstream all increases owing to crank case ventilating gas (PCV gas) or entering of evaporated fuel gas probably.As mentioned above, in many valves type throttle system, the problem of existence is that the negative pressure that is used for brake operating obtains with being not easy to.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes in view of the above problems, and its objective is provides a kind of negative pressure control apparatus that is used for vehicle breaking operation, wherein, can obtain to be used for the negative pressure of brake operating in many valves type throttle system.
According to feature of the present invention, the braking negative pressure control apparatus that is used for driving engine has to be branched into and is used for entering air by-pass passage and being located at each induction maniflod and be used for controlling respectively the flow regulating valve that enters amount of air entering master that air supplies to a plurality of induction maniflods of respective cylinder.In the braking negative pressure control apparatus, communication passage is connected to each in the induction maniflod in the downstream of flow regulating valve, thereby produce the negative pressure of the braking negative pressure that is used for brake servo unit, negative pressure control valve is located in the negative pressure pipe, the communication passage that is used for respective cylinder converges to described negative pressure pipe, thereby and negative pressure control apparatus be used for braking negative pressure according to the condition of service of driving engine operation negative pressure control valve and control brake servo-unit.
According to the braking negative pressure control apparatus, negative pressure control valve is according to the condition of service operation of driving engine, thereby the braking negative pressure can be reduced to target negative pressure (growth of negative pressure), or the negative pressure that reduces can be kept.Like this, can guarantee stable deceleration and stopping performance.
According to another characteristic of the invention, air injector is located in the negative pressure pipe, the communication passage that is used for respective cylinder converges to described negative pressure pipe, the negative pressure channel that is used for brake servo unit is connected to air injector via boiler check valve at the suction gas side, the gas passage that is used for the crank case ventilating gas is connected to air injector in the driving gas side, enter air fork passage and be connected to air injector in the driving gas side, be used for sending the part of air that enters that the master of flow regulating valve upstream side enters air by-pass passage, and negative pressure control valve is located at and enters in the air fork passage.
According to another feature of the present invention, the back side that communication passage is close to the flow regulating valve of air inlet side is connected to the air by-pass passage of induction maniflod, herein, when flow regulating valve is opened a little, does not produce windstream, and the open end of communication passage points to flow regulating valve.
According to this configuration, gas and air can spray to the back side of flow regulating valve from the open end of communication passage.Can be blown off by this jet gas and air attached to the fuel on the back side of flow regulating valve.Like this, the adverse current of being seethed windstream blow the overwhelming majority of the fuel of getting back to flow regulating valve can not the back side attached to flow regulating valve on.
According to another characteristic of the invention, temperature booster is set for the back side of heating flow regulating valve and the inside face that does not produce windstream when flow regulating valve is opened a little on the air by-pass passage.
According to an also feature of the present invention, temperature booster is located at the back side of flow regulating valve.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the braking negative pressure control apparatus has ambient temperature acquisition sensor and the temperature booster control unit that is used for the acquisition environment temperature, when the ambient temperature of being surveyed by the ambient temperature acquisition sensor is lower than predetermined temperature, in described temperature booster control unit is used for during the time point that the time point that brings into operation from driving engine gets up to engine thermal to the heater fed electric current.
In above-mentioned control setup, even when engine thermal is got up, the temperature booster control unit during the time point of operation from the time point of car retardation to racing of the engine in to the heater fed electric current.
According to another characteristic of the invention, in these cases, preferably cross the amount that enters air (the 3rd predetermined amount of flow) of negative pressure control valve in during the heater fed electric current according to the condition of service control flows of driving engine.
According to another feature of the present invention, also can provide to enter the amount of air control setup, it is used to make the amount that enters air by flow regulating valve to reduce and the cooresponding amount of amount that flows through the air of negative pressure control valve.In this configuration, when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit when the first predetermined negative pressure changes to atmospheric pressure side, negative pressure control apparatus makes the amount of the air that flows through negative pressure control valve increase to first predetermined amount of flow that the condition of service by driving engine limits.And when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit returned to its second predetermined negative pressure that is lower than the first predetermined negative pressure, negative pressure control apparatus cut off the windstream that flows through negative pressure control valve.
According to a feature more of the present invention, preferably along with the reduction of engine speed and/or reducing of engine load and reduce by first predetermined amount of flow.
According to another feature of the present invention, be lower than under the situation of the second predetermined negative pressure even become in the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit, when driving engine warms up not yet fully, the second predetermined amount of flow control flows that can also limit with the temperature (for example, the temperature of oil temperature or engine cooling water) by driving engine is crossed the amount of the air of negative pressure control valve.
According to an also feature of the present invention, air injector can be removed, but the negative pressure channel of brake servo unit can be connected to the negative pressure pipe that communication passage converged to that is used for respective cylinder via negative pressure control valve.
According to another feature of the present invention, the back side that communication passage is close to the flow regulating valve of air inlet side is connected to the air by-pass passage of induction maniflod, herein, when flow regulating valve is opened a little, does not produce windstream, and the open end of communication passage points to flow regulating valve.
According to an also feature of the present invention, when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit when the first predetermined negative pressure changes to atmospheric pressure side, negative pressure control apparatus makes the amount of air that flows through negative pressure control valve increase to the 4th predetermined amount of flow that the condition of service by driving engine limits.And when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit returned to its second predetermined negative pressure that is lower than the first predetermined negative pressure, negative pressure control apparatus cut off the windstream that flows through negative pressure control valve.
According to another feature of the present invention, preferably along with the increase of engine speed and/or the change of engine load increase the 4th predetermined amount of flow greatly.
Description of drawings
By the following detailed description of doing referring to accompanying drawing, can make above-mentioned and other purposes, feature and advantage of the present invention become more apparent.Accompanying drawing comprises:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure according to the engine management system of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view, shows structure and its relevant portion of the cantilever-type flow regulating valve unit of first embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the schematic structure according to the vacuum control system that is used for brake operating of first embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structure, is used to illustrate the structure of air injector;
Fig. 5 shows and is used to illustrate that the negative pressure of air injector increases the diagram of curves of the characteristic of effect;
Fig. 6 shows the cutaway view according to the negative pressure control valve of first embodiment, is used to illustrate the structure of negative pressure control valve;
Fig. 7 is the first of diagram of circuit, is used to illustrate the process according to the negative pressure control program that is used for brake operating of first embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the second portion of diagram of circuit, is used to illustrate the process according to the negative pressure control program that is used for brake operating of first embodiment;
Fig. 9 is a diagram of circuit, is used to illustrate the program process that is used to calculate oil temperature correction duty according to first embodiment;
Figure 10 is a diagram of circuit, is used to illustrate the program process that is used for computing environment temperature correction duty according to first embodiment;
Figure 11 is the concept nature diagram of curves, shows the figure according to the basic duty that is used for negative pressure control valve of first embodiment;
Figure 12 is the concept nature table, shows the figure that is used for the negative pressure coefficient of correction according to first embodiment;
Figure 13 is the concept nature table, shows the figure that oil temperature is proofreaied and correct duty that is used for according to first embodiment;
Figure 14 is the concept nature table, shows the figure that ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty that is used for according to first embodiment;
Figure 15 is the schematic structure according to the vacuum control system that is used for brake operating of second embodiment;
Figure 16 shows the cutaway view according to the negative pressure control valve of second embodiment, is used to illustrate the structure of negative pressure control valve;
Figure 17 is the first of diagram of circuit, is used to illustrate the process according to the negative pressure control program that is used for brake operating of second embodiment;
Figure 18 is the second portion of diagram of circuit, is used to illustrate the process according to the negative pressure control program that is used for brake operating of second embodiment;
Figure 19 is the concept nature diagram of curves, shows the figure according to the basic duty that is used for negative pressure control valve of second embodiment;
Figure 20 is the concept nature table, shows the figure that is used for the negative pressure coefficient of correction according to second embodiment; And
Figure 21 is a vertical sectional view, shows the structure and the relevant portion thereof of the butterfly valve type flow regulating valve unit of the 3rd embodiment.
The specific embodiment
(first embodiment)
To the first embodiment of the present invention be described referring to Fig. 1 to 14.
The overall structure of engine aspirating system is described referring to Fig. 1.Combustion engine 11 for example in-line four cylinder engine has four cylinders, i.e. first to fourth cylinder #1-#4.The airmoter (not shown) is located in the air inlet pipe 12 (the main air by-pass passage that enters) of driving engine 11, enters amount of air with detection.Expansion tank 13 is located at the downstream of airmoter.Induction maniflod (fork enters air by-pass passage) 14 is connected to expansion tank 13, supplies in the respective cylinder of driving engine 11 will enter air.Flow regulating valve unit 15 is located in each induction maniflod, will be fed into the amount of air that enters of respective cylinder with control.The fuel injection valve (not shown) is located near the admission port 16 of respective cylinder, to inject fuel in the admission port 16.The light-up plug (not shown) is located in the engine cylinder cover of respective cylinder, thereby the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder can be lighted by the spark discharge that results from the light-up plug place.
The structure of flow regulating valve unit 15 will be described referring to Fig. 2.In each induction maniflod 14, the air by-pass passage 18 with rectangular shape in cross section forms by the housing of being made by synthetic resin 17.Cantilevered flow regulating valve 19 is located in the air by-pass passage 18, is used to open and close air by-pass passage 18.Flow regulating valve 19 is connected to axle 20 pivotally in its lower end.The shaped design of flow regulating valve 19 become with the shape of the cross-sectional plane of air by-pass passage 18 for example the rectangular shape in the present embodiment conform to.The shape of the shape of the cross-sectional plane of air by-pass passage 18 and flow regulating valve 19 is not limited to rectangular shape, but can adopt other Any shape, for example, and semicircular in shape, half elliptic shape.
Each flow regulating valve 19 jointly is connected to axle 20, thereby, flow regulating valve 19 unitary rotation.Axle 20 drives by motor 21 (being shown among Fig. 1), and described motor 21 is operated according to the condition of service of driving engine (for example, the quilt of acceleration pedal handle stroke) by electronic control unit (ECU) 41.
The inside face of the lower end of flow regulating valve 19 and housing 17 is airtight, thereby entering air can not be by the lower end of flow regulating valve 19 and the gap between the housing 17.When flow regulating valve 19 is opened, the passage that enters windstream only is formed on the top of flow regulating valve 19 (gap between the inside face of the upper end of flow regulating valve 19 and housing 17), thereby the windstream that enters of the upper end by flow regulating valve 19 has produced in the downstream of flow regulating valve 19 and has seethed windstream.The zone that is used to enter windstream of the upper end of flow regulating valve 19 (that is, entering amount of air) changes according to the open position of flow regulating valve 19.Recess 22 be formed on housing 17 and with induction maniflod 14 places of housing 17 adjacency, thereby flow regulating valve 19 is contained in the recess when its fully open position, thereby do not rest on the path that enters windstream.
Use description to the structure of the vacuum control system of vehicle breaking operation.
As shown in Figure 2, an end of communication passage 25 is used for induction maniflod 14 negative pressure are applied to brake system to air by-pass passage 18 openings in the downstream that is positioned at flow regulating valve 19.As shown in Figure 3, the communication passage 25 that is used for respective cylinder converges at negative pressure pipe 26, is provided with air injector 27 in the negative pressure pipe 26.One countercylinder #1 and #4 and another countercylinder #2 and #3 are connected to each other respectively by communication passage 25, and two countercylinders all are connected to single negative pressure pipe 26.In above-mentioned configuration, another cylinder #4 of cylinder #1 in every countercylinder or the inspiration stroke of #2 (producing the time of air-intake negative-pressure) and this centering or #3 360 ° the crankshaft angle that staggers, purpose are to make for respective cylinder to be blown into the air of the respective air passage 18 that is positioned at flow regulating valve 18 downstreams or gas flow by communication passage 25 and can to obtain impartially distributing and making the air-intake negative-pressure can be by equalization to the influence of respective cylinder.
As shown in Figure 4, air injector 27 has nozzle segment 28 and diffuser part 30, described nozzle segment 28 is used to make driving gas to flow into blending box 29 at a high speed, described blending box 29 is used near the suction gas the suction nozzle part 28 and makes driving gas and suck mixed gases, and described diffuser part 30 is used for being mixed into driving gas and discharging driving gas by sucking gas.As shown in Figure 3, the nozzle segment 28 of air injector 27 (driving gas side) is connected to the passage 31 that is used for crank case ventilating gas (being also referred to as " PCV gas ") and is connected to and enters air fork passage 32, and the part of air (fork enters air) that enters that is arranged in the expansion tank 13 of flow regulating valve 19 upstream sides flows to air injector 27.Negative pressure control valve 33 is arranged on and enters in the air fork passage 32.According to said structure, PCV gas and enter air from (under the bar pressure) fork of expansion tank 13 and flow into the nozzle segment 28 of air injector 27 as driving gas, and enter the amount of air of air by negative pressure control valve 33 controls to the fork of nozzle segment 28.
As shown in Figure 6, negative pressure control valve 33 is the flow-controlling gates of dutycycle controllable type.Cylindrical valve seat 49 and valve body 50 are formed in the passage that inflow entrance 47 and flow export 48 are connected.Cylindrical valve seat 49 under duty control with preset frequency (for example, 15 to 30Hz) repeat to open and close, and the ratio (the current supply duty that is used for magnet coil 40) that the valve in the one-period is opened the time period changes between 0-100%, thereby flow changes to maximum flow from 0 serially.
The negative pressure channel 36 that is used for brake servo unit 35 is connected to the blending box 29 (suction gas side) of air injector 27 via boiler check valve 34.According to structure shown in Figure 4, when driving gas (PCV gas and the fork that is almost bar pressure enter air) when the nozzle segment 28 of air injector 27 flows into blending box 29 at a high speed, produce negative pressure around the nozzle segment 28 in blending box 29.Air is sucked into the blending box 29 by the negative pressure chamber of negative pressure channel 36 from brake servo unit 35 by means of the negative pressure of above-mentioned generation.Thereby, produced the negative pressure that is used for brake servo unit 35.
Because boiler check valve 34 is located at the negative pressure channel 36 that is used for brake servo unit 35, therefore, when the negative pressure in the brake servo unit 35 (be also referred to as braking negative pressure) drops to target negative pressure and driving gas when the inflow of the nozzle segment 28 of air injector 27 is cut off, boiler check valve 34 can prevent automatically that air from flowing backwards.Therefore, the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 is prevented from being discharged into air injector 27, to keep the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35.The sensor 46 (being shown in Fig. 1) that is used for braking negative pressure is located at the inside of brake servo unit 35.
The opening and closing pressure of boiler check valve 34 for example is set at " 295mmHg " (opening) and " 300mmHg " (closing) when braking negative pressure≤" 300mmHg " when braking negative pressure 〉=" 295mmHg ".As described below, open and close pressure and be called the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 ".
Be used for the diffuser part 30 (gaseous emission side) that negative pressure pipe 26 that the communication passage 25 of respective cylinder converged to is connected to air injector 27.Like this, driving gas (PCV gas enters air with the fork that is almost bar pressure) and suction gas (air in the brake servo unit 35) are blown in the respective air passage 18 in flow regulating valve 19 downstreams by negative pressure pipe 26 and communication passage 25.As shown in Figure 5, can result from the suction side (brake servo unit 35 sides) of air injector 27 with 1.5 times of cooresponding negative pressure " P2 " of the negative pressure " P1 " of the diffuser part 30 of air injector 27 waste side.
PCV gas and fork enter the driving gas of air as air injector 27.Supply to the amount that fork in the air injector 27 enters air and reduced and the cooresponding amount of PCV gas, on the contrary, the amount that enters air by flow regulating valve 19 has increased with fork and has entered the amount that the reduction of air equates.Like this, open in the scope at small valve, the controller characteristic curve of flow regulating valve 19 is stabilized, thereby no-load speed can be controlled under the lower speed.
Under the engine operational conditions of low engine load, flow regulating valve 19 is controlled in small valve and opens in the scope.According to present embodiment,, produce the strong windstream that seethes in the downstream of flow regulating valve 19 by means of the air in the gap between the inside face of upside by flow regulating valve 19 and housing 17 when the side (upside) of flow regulating valve 19 during by small opening.Being seethed windstream from the fuel atomizing of fuel injection valve is involved in.Like this, improved the generation of the air-fuel mixture in the induction maniflod.
According to the structure of flow regulating valve 19, for example, as shown in Figure 2, the backflow that can be seethed windstream from the part of the fuel atomizing of fuel injection valve is blown and is got back to flow regulating valve 19, and fuel fog can the back side (towards the surface of admission port 16) attached to flow regulating valve 19 on.Then, opened widely when entering amount of air with increase when flow regulating valve 19, deposited fuel is evaporated rapidly.In this case, the air-fuel variable ratioization is to the side that is rich in of air-to-fuel ratio.
As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of countermeasure of the problems referred to above, the back side that communication passage 25 is close to the flow regulating valve 19 of admission port 16 sides is connected to air by-pass passage 18.That is, communication passage 25 is connected to air by-pass passage 18 in a side (downside in the present embodiment) of opening Shi Buhui generation windstream when flow regulating valve 19 a little.More precisely, the open end of communication passage 25 points to flow regulating valve 19.According to this structure, gas and air can spray to the back side of flow regulating valve 19 from the open end of communication passage 25.Blown off by the gas of this injection and air attached to the fuel on the back side of flow regulating valve 19.Thereby, the backflow of being seethed windstream blow the overwhelming majority of the fuel of getting back to flow regulating valve 19 can not the back side attached to flow regulating valve 19 on.
Ambient temperature is low more, and fuel is more muchly on the back side attached to flow regulating valve 19.When ambient temperature becomes when being lower than 5 ℃, so-called " valve freezes " can appear, and in this case, be included in PCV gas or airborne water vapour and can be condensed and freeze.In addition, sediment (stickum that forms by burning and the carbon that produced of engine oil) the slip torque that can increase flow regulating valve.
According to first embodiment, as the countermeasure of the problems referred to above (valve freezes and the deposition of stickum), the ptc heater 38 with temp autocontrolled system function is located at the back side of each flow regulating valve 19.At this moment, the axle 20 of the inside face of the back side of flow regulating valve 19, the side that can not produce windstream when flow regulating valve 19 is opened a little on the air by-pass passage 18 and flow regulating valve 19 is by ptc heater 38 heating.According to this configuration, attached to the heat of vaporization of the fuel on the back side of flow regulating valve 19 and the axle 20 by ptc heater 38, purpose is to make the fuel can not can not hardening and prevent that the slip torque of flow regulating valve 19 from increasing attached to the back side of flow regulating valve 19 and sediment.And, be included in the part that PCV gas and airborne water vapor condensation and this condensed water are pooled to, promptly the inside face that can not produce windstream on the air by-pass passage 18 when flow regulating valve 19 is opened a little by ptc heater 38 heating, thereby makes condensate evaporation.Like this, but the generation that check valve freezes.
In first embodiment, used ptc heater 38 with temp autocontrolled system function.Therefore, needn't be by the current supply of ECU 41 controls to ptc heater 38.Target temperature (for example, about 110 ℃) can be kept automatically.Yet, also can use common heater with temp autocontrolled system function and adopt duty control or similar approach control to the current supply of this temperature booster, thereby the temperature of temperature booster can be controlled.
As shown in Figure 1, the ON-OFF control that is used for the duty control of negative pressure control valve 33 and is used for ptc heater 38 is carried out by ECU 41 (electronic control unit of driving engine).ECU 41 generally includes microcomputer, from multiple sensors (for example, the environment temperature sensor 42 that is used for the acquisition environment temperature, be used to survey the oil temperature sensor 43 of temperature of crankcase oil of the temperature of expression driving engine 11, the crank angle sensor 44 that is used for the detecting engine rotating speed, be used to survey the acceleration pick-up 45 of the stroke that the quilt of acceleration pedal handles, B/P EGR Back Pressure Transducer EGR 46 with the braking negative pressure that is used to survey brake servo unit 35) signal is input to described microcomputer, thereby ECU 41 is according to the fuel injection amount of engine operational conditions control fuel injection valve and lighting constantly of light-up plug.
The stroke that ECU 41 also handles according to the quilt of acceleration pedal calculates the target degree of opening of flow regulating valve 19, and the stroke that the quilt of described acceleration pedal is handled is surveyed by acceleration pick-up 45.And, ECU 41 control motors 21, thus the actual open position of flow regulating valve 19 can conform to target degree of opening.
The program that is used for the control brake negative pressure (describing below) shown in ECU 41 execution graphs 7 to 10, thus ECU 41 plays a part to be used for the braking means for applying negative of control brake servo-unit 35.ECU 41 also plays a part to be used to control the device that enters amount of air, and wherein, the amount that enters air by flow regulating valve 19 has reduced and the cooresponding amount of amount of air that enters that flows through negative pressure control valve 33.And ECU 41 plays a part to be used to control the device of the ON-OFF operation of ptc heater 38.
Except passing through the air of flow regulating valve 19, the amount of air (cylinder filling amount of air) that be filled in the respective cylinder comprises PCV gas and the air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33.The amount of PCV gas is less relatively, and countercylinder filling amount of air has slight influence.Therefore, when control throttle 19, needn't consider the amount of PCV gas.On the other hand, the amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 is bigger than the amount of PCV gas, and therefore, countercylinder filling amount of air has big influence.Therefore, when control throttle 19, can preferably consider to flow through the amount that enters air of negative pressure control valve 33.Thereby, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the amount that enters air by flow regulating valve 19 has reduced and the cooresponding amount of the amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33, thereby the amount that enters air that prevents to flow through negative pressure control valve 33 causes may the descending of controllability of cylinder filling amount of air.
According to the operation that is used for the control brake negative pressure, when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 (for example is scheduled to negative pressure " PB1 " from first,-when 250mmHg) changing to atmospheric pressure side (0mmHg), the amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 increases to first predetermined amount of flow.Above-mentioned first predetermined amount of flow is set according to engine operational conditions (for example, engine speed and engine load ratio).When the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 get back to the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 " that is lower than the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 " (for example ,-300mmHg) time, the windstream that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 is cut off.
As mentioned above, required braking negative pressure obtains by the windstream that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 is changed between first predetermined amount of flow and zero, thereby the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 is controlled in first and second target zones of being scheduled between negative pressure " PB 1 " and " PB2 ".
To ECU 41 brakes the program execution of negative pressure according to being used to shown in Fig. 7 to 10 process be described.
(being used to brake the program of negative pressure)
Being used for shown in Fig. 7, the program of braking negative pressure repeated with the predetermined cycle (for example, with 128ms frequency) at engine operation process.When program brings into operation,, read present engine rotating speed, engine load ratio and the braking negative pressure surveyed by corresponding sensor in step 101.In step 102, ECU 41 calculates basic duty based on the figure of the basic duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 33 shown in Figure 11 according to present engine rotating speed and engine load ratio.The driving duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 33 under basic duty and the reference conditions is corresponding, under described reference conditions, flows through the temperature that enters air influence and engine oil of negative pressure control valve 33 and the influence of ambient temperature and is not considered.At the figure of the basic duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 33 shown in Figure 11, basic duty diminishes and reduces with the step-down of engine speed and/or engine load ratio, thereby the amount that enters air (first predetermined amount of flow) that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 reduces.Like this, the amount that enters air (first predetermined amount of flow) that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 can be set at this value, that is, described value makes and can realize the control (ISC controllability) of racing speed and can be implemented in the interior braking negative pressure of scope beyond the ISC range of control by flow regulating valve 19.
Then, process arrives step 103, and in step 103, ECU 41 calculates the negative pressure coefficient of correction based on the figure of the negative pressure coefficient of correction shown in Figure 12 (b) according to current braking negative pressure.The negative pressure coefficient of correction is the coefficient that is used for proofreading and correct according to current braking negative pressure the amount that enters air (driving duty) that flows through negative pressure control valve 33.
In following step 104, ECU 41 judges whether current braking negative pressure (for example ,-250mmHg) has changed to atmospheric pressure side (0mmHg) from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".When being in this situation, process arrives step 105, in step 105, ECU 41 calculates the negative pressure coefficient of correction based on the figure of the negative pressure coefficient of correction shown in Figure 12 (a) once more according to current braking negative pressure, wherein, described current braking negative pressure has changed to atmospheric pressure side from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".When judging current braking negative pressure in step 104, ECU 41 when changing to atmospheric pressure side, do not use the negative pressure coefficient of correction that calculates in step 103 from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".
Process further arrives step 106, and in step 106, ECU 41 reads oil temperature and proofreaies and correct duty, and it calculates program (describing below) calculating that oil temperature is proofreaied and correct duty by shown in Figure 9 being used to.It is the correction duty that is used for proofreading and correct according to the Current Temperatures of crankcase oil the amount that enters air (driving duty) that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 that oil temperature is proofreaied and correct duty.In step 107, ECU 41 reads environment temperature correction duty, and it is calculated by the program that is used for computing environment temperature correction duty shown in Figure 10.It is the correction duty that is used for proofreading and correct according to ambient temperature the amount that enters air (driving duty) that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 that ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty.
Then, process arrives step 108, and in step 108, ECU 41 calculates the driving duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 33 according to following formula:
" the driving duty=basic duty * negative pressure coefficient of correction+oil temperature that is used for negative pressure control valve 33 is proofreaied and correct duty+ambient temperature and is proofreaied and correct duty "
In above-mentioned formula, drive duty and be guaranteed to be no more than 100%.
The amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 is by the above-mentioned driving duty control that is used for negative pressure control valve 33.
In following step 109, ECU 41 calculates the correcting value of the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19 according to following formula:
" THB=is used for the driving duty * K1 of negative pressure control valve 33 "
In above-mentioned formula, K1 is the conversion factor that the driving duty (flowing through the amount that enters air of negative pressure control valve 33) that is used for being used for negative pressure control valve 33 converts the correcting value of the degree of opening that is used for flow regulating valve 19 to.
Then, process arrives the step 110 shown in Fig. 8, and in step 110, ECU 41 judges whether carry out mark 1 to any one that carry out in the mark 3 opens.Carrying out mark 1 to 3 opens or closes according to the process of the execution of the program shown in Fig. 9 and 10.Each carries out the mark that mark 1 to 3 is expression range of control (to the duty control of negative pressure control valve) of being used for the control brake negative pressure.
In step 110, when all execution marks 1 to 3 all were closed, ECU 41 judged required braking negative pressure and be implemented and be attached with few fuel and few condensed water on the back side of flow regulating valve 19.Like this, ECU 41 judges the control (to the duty control of negative pressure control valve 33) that needn't carry out the braking negative pressure.Process arrives step 111, and in step 111, the driving duty that ECU 41 will be used for negative pressure control valve 33 is made as " zero ", arrives its off position negative pressure control valve 33 is moved (or maintenance), thereby, flow through the amount vanishing that enters air of negative pressure control valve 33.In addition, ECU 41 correcting value that will be used for the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19 is made as " zero ".Then, process arrives step 112.
When carrying out mark 1 in 3 when opening, ECU 41 judges the control (to the duty control of negative pressure control valve 33) that needs to carry out to the braking negative pressure in step 110.Then, process arrives step 112, and in step 112, the correcting value that ECU 41 will be used to brake the driving duty of negative pressure and be used for the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19 is set at the value in step 108 and 109 corresponding calculating respectively.
Under the situation that all execution marks 1 to 3 are all closed, ECU 41 is made as " zero " at the correcting value that step 112 will be used to brake the driving duty of negative pressure and be used for the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19.
Then, process arrives step 113, and in step 113, ECU 41 judges whether current braking negative pressure (for example ,-250mmHg) has changed to atmospheric pressure side (0mmHg) from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".When being in this situation, ECU 41 judges the braking negative pressure and is just becoming not enough, and process arrival 114, in step 114, carries out mark 1 and opens.Carrying out mark 1 is the mark that is used for carrying out under the situation of braking negative pressure deficiency to the duty control of negative pressure control valve 33.Then, process arrives step 115.In above-mentioned steps 113, when ECU 41 has judged current braking negative pressure not from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 " when changing to atmospheric pressure side, process arrives step 115 from step 113.
In step 115, ECU 41 judge the braking negative pressure whether returned to be lower than the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 " the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 " (for example ,-300mmHg).If not this situation, then program process finishes.Then, when the braking negative pressure has returned to when being lower than the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 " (step 115 be judged as YES), ECU 41 judges and has obtained enough braking negative pressure.Process arrives step 116, and in step 116, ECU41 will carry out mark 1 (being used for carrying out the duty control to negative pressure control valve 33 under the situation of braking negative pressure deficiency) and be made as the OFF state.And program process finishes.
(being used for the program that oil temperature is proofreaied and correct duty)
Being used to shown in Fig. 9 calculates program that oil temperature proofreaies and correct duty and repeats with predetermined period (for example, with 1024ms frequency).When program brought into operation, ECU 41 judged in step 201 whether the oil temperature of being surveyed by oil temperature sensor 43 is lower than predetermined temperature, and for example 70 ℃, this predetermined temperature is to be used to the temperature of judging whether driving engine warms up fully.When oil temperature was lower than 70 ℃, ECU 41 judged that driving engine 11 does not warm up yet fully, and process arrival step 202, and in step 202, ECU 41 proofreaies and correct the figure of duty according to current oil temperature calculating oil temperature correction duty based on the oil temperature that is used for shown in Figure 13.At the figure that oil temperature is proofreaied and correct duty that is used for shown in Figure 13, oil temperature is proofreaied and correct duty and is become big along with the step-down of oil temperature.Therefore, the amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 becomes big along with the step-down of oil temperature (being the temperature of driving engine 11).
Usually, the temperature of driving engine 11 is low more, and fuel injection amount is just many more.Like this, will increase attached to the fuel quantity on the back side of flow regulating valve 19 owing to seethe the backflow of windstream.Therefore, according to first embodiment, even (for example be lower than second negative pressure " PB2 " because the braking negative pressure becomes,-300mmHg) obtained under the situation of enough braking negative pressure, when driving engine 11 did not warm up fully, it is bigger that ECU 41 also can judge the fuel quantity that adheres on the back side of flow regulating valve 19.That is, ECU 41 can not be made as " zero " with the driving duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 33, but is made as the value that is used for oil temperature correction duty that is limited by oil temperature.Thereby even under the situation that has obtained enough braking negative pressure (carrying out mark 1=OFF), when engine temperature was low, the amount that enters air (second predetermined amount of flow) that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 also can be increased.And, blown off owing to enter the above-mentioned increase of amount of air attached to the fuel on the flow regulating valve 19.Like this, can will when not warming up fully, driving engine be suppressed in a small amount by the deviation of the air-to-fuel ratio that causes in addition attached to the fuel on the flow regulating valve 19.
The temperature of engine cooling water can replace oil temperature to be used as the temperature information of driving engine 11, thereby, proofread and correct duty and set according to the temperature of engine cooling water.
Process arrives step 203 from step 202, and in step 203, ECU 41 will carry out mark 2 and be made as the ON state, its with do not warm up fully at driving engine 11 before condition that negative pressure control valve 33 execution duties are controlled corresponding.Process finishes then.
When the oil temperature of being surveyed by oil temperature sensor 43 was higher than 70 ℃, ECU 41 judged driving engine 11 in step 201 and warms up fully.Then, process arrives step 204, and in step 204, ECU 41 proofreaies and correct duty with oil temperature and is made as " zero ", and will carry out mark 2 and be transformed to the OFF state.Process finishes then.
(being used for the program that ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty)
The program that is used for computing environment temperature correction duty shown in Figure 10 repeats with predetermined period (for example, with 256ms frequency).When program brought into operation, whether ECU 41 satisfied in the condition of step 301 judgement to the current supply of ptc heater 38, judged promptly whether all following three conditions (a1) to (a3) satisfy.
(a1) ambient temperature of being surveyed by environment temperature sensor 42 is lower than predetermined temperature, for example, and-5 ℃,
(a2) oil temperature of being surveyed by oil temperature sensor 43 is lower than and is used to the predetermined temperature of judging whether driving engine warms up fully, and for example 70 ℃, and
(a3) engine speed is higher than predetermined speed, for example, and 500rpm.
In (a3), the threshold value of the threshold value of ambient temperature, the threshold value of oil temperature and engine speed can change in above-mentioned condition (a1).
When above-mentioned three conditions (a1) to (a3) when all satisfying, for the driving engine operation, it is this situation: fuel is probably on the back side attached to flow regulating valve 19, and is included in the condensation and freezing probably of PCV gas or airborne water vapour.Therefore, the condition that ECU41 judges to the current supply of ptc heater 38 in step 301 is met, and process arrives step 302, and in step 302, current supply is to ptc heater 38.Attached to the heat of vaporization of the fuel on the back side of flow regulating valve 19 or the axle 20, so that prevent that a large amount of fuel may be attached on the back side of flow regulating valve 19 and prevent that sediment may hardening and make the slip torque of flow regulating valve 19 increase by ptc heater 38.And, be included in the part that PCV gas and airborne water vapor condensation and this condensed water are pooled to, promptly the inside face that can not produce windstream on the air by-pass passage 18 when flow regulating valve 19 is opened a little by ptc heater 38 heating, thereby makes condensate evaporation.Like this, but the generation that check valve freezes.
In step 302, ECU 41 proofreaies and correct the figure of duty according to present engine revolution speed calculating ambient temperature correction duty based on the ambient temperature that is used for after driving engine warms up fully shown in Figure 14 (b).
And ECU 41 will carry out mark 3 and be made as the ON state, and its condition with the duty control of when current supply arrives ptc heater negative pressure control valve 33 being carried out is corresponding.
When above-mentioned three conditions (a1) any one in (a3) do not satisfy, then the condition to the current supply of ptc heater 38 was not met.Therefore, process arrives step 303 from step 301, and in step 303, the current supply that ECU 41 cuts off to ptc heater 38 is proofreaied and correct duty with ambient temperature and is made as " zero ", and closes the execution mark 3 that is used for duty control.
To the current supply of ptc heater 38 after step 302 or 303 is unlocked or disconnects, process arrives step 304, in step 304, ECU 41 judges whether the current supply executive condition to ptc heater 38 satisfies, and whether all conditions (b1) to (b3) satisfies below promptly judging.
(b1) ambient temperature of being surveyed by environment temperature sensor 42 is lower than predetermined temperature, for example, and-10 ℃,
(b2) speed of a motor vehicle of being surveyed by the car speed sensor (not shown) is greater than predetermined speed, for example, and 5km/h, and
(b3) degree of opening of the acceleration pedal of being surveyed by acceleration pick-up 45 is zero (that is, closing fully).
In (b3), threshold value also can change in above-mentioned condition (b1).
When above-mentioned three conditions (b1) to (b3) when all satisfying, satisfy to the current supply executive condition of ptc heater 38, and process arrives step 305.Then, in step 305, current supply ptc heater 38, and ECU 41 unlatchings are used at car retardation or to the process of temperature booster 38 supplying electric currents negative pressure control valve 33 being carried out the execution mark 3 that duties are controlled.
When ambient temperature is lower than predetermined temperature (for example ,-10 ℃), can produce the condensation of water or freezing of water.Therefore, even under the situation that driving engine 11 warms up fully, during from car retardation operation (corresponding) to free-runing operation with the underloading of driving engine in also to ptc heater 38 supplying electric currents, so that the condensation of anti-sealing or water is icing.In the range of operation of car retardation, the electric energy generation of electric energy generator can increase by the unnecessary torque that utilizes driving engine 11.Therefore, even to ptc heater 38 supplying electric currents the time, Specific Fuel Consumption also can not variation.
Then, process arrives step 307, and in step 307, ECU 41 judges whether the oil temperature of being surveyed by oil temperature sensor 43 is higher than for example 70 ℃ of predetermined temperatures, and described predetermined temperature is to be used to the temperature of judging that driving engine warms up fully.When being in this situation, process arrives step 308, and in step 308, ECU 41 proofreaies and correct the figure of duty according to present engine revolution speed calculating ambient temperature correction duty based on the ambient temperature that is used for after driving engine warms up fully shown in Figure 14 (b).At the figure that ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty that is used for shown in (b) of Figure 14, ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty and is increased along with the increase of engine speed.Yet the value that is used for ambient temperature correction duty after the condition that driving engine warms up fully shown in Figure 14 (b) is littler than the analog value before the condition that driving engine warms up fully shown in Figure 14 (a).
When oil temperature during less than 70 ℃, process arrives step 309 from step 307, in step 309, ECU 41 proofreaies and correct the figure of duty according to present engine revolution speed calculating ambient temperature correction duty based on the ambient temperature that is used for before the condition that driving engine warms up fully shown in Figure 14 (a).At the figure that ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty that is used for shown in (a) of Figure 14, ambient temperature is proofreaied and correct duty and is increased (the 3rd predetermined amount of flow) equally along with the increase of engine speed.
According to said process, the amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33 is controlled according to engine operational conditions (engine speed and oil temperature) in during current supply ptc heater 38.
Also combination is when the current supply of ptc heater 38 is controlled according to engine operational conditions when the amount that enters air that flows through negative pressure control valve 33, and the condensed water that collects in the air injector 27 can be discharged from, and increases performance with the negative pressure of recovering air injector 27.And the adjacent part of ptc heater 38 can be by being heated blast injection to ptc heater 38, thereby, also can be evaporated effectively attached to fuel on this adjacent part and/or condensed water.
In above-mentioned three conditions (b1) to (b3) any one is not satisfied to the current supply executive condition of ptc heater 38 when step 304 is not met.Then, process arrives step 306, in step 306, and the current supply that ECU 41 disconnects to ptc heater 38, and ECU 41 closes and is used at car retardation and negative pressure control valve 33 is carried out the execution mark 3 of duties control to the process of temperature booster 38 supplying electric currents.Then, end of program operation.
According to above-mentioned first embodiment, air injector 27 is located in the negative pressure pipe 26 that the communication passage 25 of respective cylinder converged to.The negative pressure channel 36 of brake servo unit 35 is connected to the suction gas side of air injector 27 via boiler check valve 34, and be used for the passage 31 of PCV gas and be used to make irritating 13 the driving gas side that air fork passage 32 is connected to air injector 27 that enters that enters the part of air fork from the buffering of flow regulating valve 19 upstream sides, wherein, negative pressure control valve 33 is located at and enters in the air fork passage 32.A PCV gas and a described part that enters air are caught to flow into the driving gas side of air injector 27, thereby air injector 27 plays a part vacuum pump.Like this, though flow regulating valve 19 downstreams enter air pressure when being higher than the target negative pressure, the braking negative pressure that is used for brake servo unit 35 also can be guaranteed to reduce to the target negative pressure.
And, because boiler check valve 34 is located at the air injector 27 that is connected to of brake servo unit 35 and sucks in the negative pressure channel 36 of gas side, therefore, boiler check valve 34 flows backwards to prevent air in air SELF CL when the inflow of the driving gas side of air injector 27 is cut off.Promptly, even when the inflow to target negative pressure and air towards air injector 27 driving gas sides of the braking negative pressure drop of brake servo unit 35 is cut off, boiler check valve 34 prevents that the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 is discharged into air injector 27 sides, thereby the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 can be kept.
In addition, because PCV gas enters the driving gas of air as air injector 27 with fork, therefore, the amount that enters air that flows into air injector 27 can reduce and the cooresponding amount of the amount of PCV gas.On the contrary, the amount that enters air that flows through flow regulating valve 19 has increased with fork and has entered the amount that the reduction of air equates.Like this, the controller characteristic curve of opening the flow regulating valve 19 in the scope at small valve has obtained stablizing, and no-load speed can be controlled under the lower speed.
In addition, the communication passage 25 that the is used for respective cylinder back side that is close to the flow regulating valve 19 of admission port 16 sides is connected to air by-pass passage 18.That is, communication passage 25 is connected to air by-pass passage 18 in a side (downside in the present embodiment) of opening Shi Buhui generation windstream when flow regulating valve 19 a little.More precisely, the open end of communication passage 25 points to flow regulating valve 19.According to this structure, gas and air can spray to the back side of flow regulating valve 19 from the open end of communication passage 25.Blown off by this jet gas and air attached to the fuel on the back side of flow regulating valve 19.Thereby, the backflow of being seethed windstream blow the overwhelming majority of the fuel of getting back to flow regulating valve 19 can not the back side attached to flow regulating valve 19 on.
(second embodiment)
Above-mentioned first embodiment shows an example, wherein, has used air injector 27.In the little this driving engine of PCV gas flow, or be discharged in this configuration of air inlet pipe of flow regulating valve 19 upstream sides (contiguous with the complete off position of flow regulating valve 19) at PCV gas, not to need to use the driving gas of PCV gas as air injector 27.
According to this configuration, can save air injector 27, but can use the structure shown in Figure 15 to 20 according to second embodiment.Below, second embodiment will be described.
According to second embodiment, as shown in figure 15, the negative pressure channel 36 of brake servo unit 35 is connected to negative pressure pipe 26 via negative pressure control valve 51, and the communication passage 25 that is used for respective cylinder converges to described negative pressure pipe 26.Boiler check valve 52 is located at each of the communication passage 25 that is used for respective cylinder.Each of boiler check valve 52 that is used for respective cylinder prevents that the negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 from escaping into driving engine 11 sides (that is, air is got back to brake servo unit 35 from the driving engine effluent).The opening and closing pressure of boiler check valve 52 for example is set at " 295mmHg " (opening) and " 300mmHg " (closing) when braking negative pressure≤" 300mmHg " when braking negative pressure 〉=" 295mmHg ".Open and close pressure and be called the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 ".
A boiler check valve can be located in the negative pressure channel 36 of brake servo unit 35 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.In this case, no longer need to be used for the boiler check valve 52 of respective cylinder.
As shown in figure 16, negative pressure control valve 51 is the flow-controlling gates of dutycycle controllable type.Cylindrical valve seat 55 and valve body 56 are formed in the passage that inflow entrance 53 and flow export 54 are connected.Cylindrical valve seat 55 repeats to open and close with preset frequency under duty control, and the ratio (the current supply duty that is used for magnet coil 57) that the valve in the one-period is opened the time changes between 0-100%, thereby flow changes to maximum flow from 0 serially.
According to the negative pressure control valve 51 of second embodiment, enter air and do not flow through valve 51.Therefore, can use the valve of maximum flow less than the maximum flow of the negative pressure control valve among first embodiment 33.
According to the structure of valve 51, when needs braking negative pressure, open negative pressure control valve 51, thereby the negative pressure that enters air is applied to brake servo unit 35, to realize the braking negative pressure.The sensor (not shown) that is used for braking negative pressure is located at the inside of brake servo unit 35.As mentioned above, the braking negative pressure is controlled by simple structure.
According to second embodiment, adopt the mode identical with first embodiment, the back side that the communication passage 25 that is used for respective cylinder is close to the flow regulating valve 19 of admission port 16 sides is connected to air by-pass passage 18.That is, communication passage 25 is connected to air by-pass passage 18 in a side of opening Shi Buhui generation windstream when flow regulating valve 19 a little.More precisely, the open end of communication passage 25 points to flow regulating valve 19.Other structures are identical with first embodiment.
ECU 41 carries out the program (describing below) of the braking negative pressure that is used for control brake servo-unit 35 shown in Figure 17 and 18, thereby ECU 41 plays a part to be used for the braking means for applying negative of control brake servo-unit 35.According to the operation that is used for the control brake negative pressure, when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 (for example is scheduled to negative pressure " PB1 " from first,-when 250mmHg) changing to atmospheric pressure side (0mmHg), the amount that flows through the air of negative pressure control valve 51 increases to the 4th predetermined amount of flow.Above-mentioned the 4th predetermined amount of flow is set according to engine operational conditions.When the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 get back to the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 " that is lower than the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 " (for example ,-300mmHg) time, the windstream that flows through the air of negative pressure control valve 51 is cut off.As mentioned above, required braking negative pressure changes acquisition by the windstream that makes the air that flows through negative pressure control valve 51 with lagging behind between the 4th predetermined amount of flow and zero, thereby the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit 35 is controlled in first and second target zones of being scheduled between negative pressure " PB1 " and " PB2 ".
To the process of being braked the program execution of negative pressure by ECU 41 according to being used to shown in Figure 17 and 18 be described.The process of program repeats with predetermined period (for example, with 128ms frequency) in engine operation process.When program brings into operation,, read present engine rotating speed, engine load ratio and the braking negative pressure surveyed by corresponding sensor respectively in step 401.In step 402, ECU 41 calculates basic duty based on the figure of the basic duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 51 shown in Figure 19 according to present engine rotating speed and engine load ratio.The driving duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 51 under basic duty and the reference conditions is corresponding, and under described reference conditions, the air influence that flows through negative pressure control valve 51 is not considered.At the figure of the basic duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 51 shown in Figure 19, basic duty is with uprising of engine speed and/or uprising and becoming big of engine load ratio, thereby the amount (the 4th predetermined amount of flow) that flows through the air of negative pressure control valve 51 increases.
Then, process arrives step 403, and in step 403, ECU 41 calculates the negative pressure coefficient of correction based on the figure that is used for the negative pressure coefficient of correction shown in Figure 20 (b) according to current braking negative pressure.The negative pressure coefficient of correction is the coefficient that is used for proofreading and correct according to current braking negative pressure the amount of air (driving duty) that flows through negative pressure control valve 51.
In following step 404, ECU 41 judges whether current braking negative pressure (for example ,-250mmHg) changes to atmospheric pressure side (0mmHg) from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".When being in this situation, process arrives step 405, in step 405, ECU 41 calculates the negative pressure coefficient of correction based on the figure that is used for the negative pressure coefficient of correction shown in Figure 20 (a) once more according to the current braking negative pressure that changes to atmospheric pressure side from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".When judging current braking negative pressure in step 404, ECU 41 when changing to atmospheric pressure side, do not use the negative pressure coefficient of correction of step 403 calculating from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".
Then, process arrives step 408, and in step 408, ECU 41 calculates the driving duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 51 according to following formula:
" the driving duty=basic duty * negative pressure coefficient of correction that is used for negative pressure control valve 51 "
In above-mentioned formula, drive duty and be guaranteed to be no more than 100%.
The amount of air that flows through negative pressure control valve 51 is by the above-mentioned driving duty control that is used for negative pressure control valve 51.When calculating the driving duty that is used for negative pressure control valve 51, can increase oil temperature in the same manner as in the first embodiment and proofread and correct duty and ambient temperature and proofread and correct duty or in them any.
In following step 409, ECU 41 calculates the correcting value of the degree of opening (THB degree) that is used for flow regulating valve 19 according to following formula:
" THB=is used for the driving duty * K2 of negative pressure control valve 51 "
In above-mentioned formula, K2 is the conversion factor that the driving duty (flowing through the amount of the air of negative pressure control valve 51) that is used for being used for negative pressure control valve 51 converts the correcting value of the degree of opening that is used for flow regulating valve 19 to.
Then, process arrives the step 410 shown in Figure 18, and in step 410, ECU 41 judges whether the execution mark 1 of the control (being used for the duty control of negative pressure control valve 51) that is used to brake negative pressure is opened.When carrying out mark 1 when step 410 is closed, ECU 41 judgements have obtained required braking negative pressure, promptly judge the control that needn't carry out the braking negative pressure.Then, process arrives step 411, and in step 411, the driving duty that ECU 41 will be used for negative pressure control valve 51 is made as " zero ", arrives its off position negative pressure control valve 51 is moved (or maintenance), thereby, flow through the amount vanishing of the air of negative pressure control valve 51.In addition, ECU 41 correcting value that will be used for the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19 is made as " zero ".Then, process arrives step 412.
When carrying out mark 1 unlatching, ECU 41 judges the control (duty to negative pressure control valve 51 is controlled) that needs to carry out to the braking negative pressure in step 410.Then, process directly arrives step 412, and in step 412, the correcting value that ECU 41 will be used to brake the driving duty of negative pressure and be used for the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19 is set at the value in step 408 and 409 corresponding calculating respectively.
Under the situation that execution mark 1 is closed, the correcting value that ECU 41 will be used to brake the driving duty of negative pressure and be used for the degree of opening (THB degree) of flow regulating valve 19 in step 412 is established (maintenance) and is " zero ".
Then, process arrives step 413, and in step 413, ECU 41 judges whether current braking negative pressure (for example ,-250mmHg) changes to atmospheric pressure side (0mmHg) from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 ".When being in this situation, ECU 41 judges that the braking negative pressure is just becoming not enough, and process arrival step 414, in step 414, carries out mark 1 and opens.Then, process arrives step 415.In above-mentioned steps 413, when ECU 41 judges current braking negative pressure not from the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 " when changing to atmospheric pressure side, process arrives step 415 from step 413.
In step 415, ECU 41 judge the braking negative pressure whether returned to be lower than the first predetermined negative pressure " PB1 " the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 " (for example ,-300mmHg).If not this situation, then program process finishes.Then, when the braking negative pressure has returned to when being lower than the second predetermined negative pressure " PB2 " (step 415 be judged as YES), ECU 41 judges and has obtained enough braking negative pressure.Process arrives step 416, and in step 416, ECU41 will carry out mark 1 (being used for carrying out the duty control to negative pressure control valve 51 under the situation of braking negative pressure deficiency) and be made as the OFF state.And program process finishes.
Even in above-mentioned second embodiment, the braking negative pressure that is used for brake servo unit 35 can be to be reduced to and the cooresponding negative pressure of target negative pressure with the similar mode of first embodiment.
(the 3rd embodiment)
In above-mentioned first and second embodiment, used cantilever-type flow regulating valve 19, wherein flow regulating valve 19 has the axle 20 that is positioned at flow regulating valve unit 15 downsides.Yet, according to the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 21, used butterfly valve formula flow regulating valve 63, wherein, flow regulating valve 63 has the axle 62 of the center that is positioned at flow regulating valve unit 61.
In the 3rd embodiment, the hole 66 of spherical surface is formed on the lower surface of the air by-pass passage 65 of the housing 64 that is used for flow regulating valve unit 61, and wherein, the shape in hole 66 (spherical surface) is formed corresponding with the shape of the lower end of flow regulating valve 63.Therefore, leave its complete off position and when being in predetermined degree of opening (for example 20 degree), the space (gap) between the lower surface of the lower end of flow regulating valve 63 and air by-pass passage 65 is sealed by hole 66 when flow regulating valve 63.Like this, the windstream that enters air only is formed on the upper end of flow regulating valve 63 (between the inside face of the upper end of flow regulating valve 63 and housing 64), thereby, produced in the downstream of flow regulating valve 63 by the windstream that enters air of the upper end by flow regulating valve 63 and to have seethed windstream.
When flow regulating valve 63 (its lower end at least) be shaped as circle the time, in the 3rd embodiment, the shape in hole 66 is formed by spherical surface.When the shape in the lower end of flow regulating valve 63 was straight, the shape in hole 66 was formed by curved surfaces.As mentioned above, the shape in hole 66 is by forming with the cooresponding any surface of the lower end shape of flow regulating valve 63.
According to the 3rd embodiment, the ptc heater 67 with temp autocontrolled system function also is located at the back side of each flow regulating valve 63.The axle 62 of the inside face of the back side of flow regulating valve 63, the side that can not produce windstream when flow regulating valve 63 is opened a little on the air by-pass passage 65 and flow regulating valve 63 is by ptc heater 67 heating.
The back side that each of communication passage 25 that is used for respective cylinder is close to the flow regulating valve 63 of admission port 16 sides is connected to air by-pass passage 65.That is, communication passage 25 is connected to air by-pass passage 65 in a side (downside among the 3rd embodiment) of opening Shi Buhui generation windstream when flow regulating valve 63 a little.More precisely, the open end of communication passage 25 points to flow regulating valve 63.Other structures are identical with above-mentioned first or second embodiment.
In above-mentioned the 3rd embodiment, can obtain identical advantage with first or second embodiment.
In above-mentioned first to the 3rd embodiment, ptc heater 38 or 67 can be removed.
In above-mentioned first to the 3rd embodiment, the present invention is applied to quadruple cylinder engine.Yet the present invention also can be applicable to double-cylinder engine, three-cylinder engine or has five other any driving engines with casing top half.
In addition, in above-mentioned first to the 3rd embodiment, the present invention is applied to this driving engine that fuel is ejected into admission port.The present invention can be applicable to this dual ejection-type driving engine that fuel is directly injected to this driving engine in the cylinder or is provided with eductor for cylinder or admission port.
And, as required, can change the method and the structure thereof of control negative pressure control valve 33 and 51.

Claims (15)

1. braking negative pressure control apparatus that is used for driving engine comprises:
The master enters air by-pass passage (12), and it is branched into and is used for and will enters a plurality of induction maniflods (14) that air supplies to respective cylinder;
A plurality of flow regulating valve (19), each in the described flow regulating valve are located in each of a plurality of induction maniflods (14), are used for controlling respectively entering amount of air;
A plurality of communication passage (25) that are provided with from induction maniflod (14) respectively, one end of described communication passage (25) is connected to each in the induction maniflod (14) respectively in the downstream of flow regulating valve (19), thereby produces the negative pressure of the braking negative pressure that is used for brake servo unit (35);
Be located at the negative pressure control valve (33,51) in the negative pressure pipe (26), the other end of each communication passage (25) that is used for the communication passage (25) of respective cylinder converges to described negative pressure pipe (26); And
Negative pressure control apparatus (41), it is used for operating negative pressure control valve (33,51) thereby and the braking negative pressure of control brake servo-unit (35) according to the condition of service of driving engine (11).
2. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be located at the communication passage (25) that is used for respective cylinder and converge to the air injector (27) of the negative pressure pipe (26) on it;
The negative pressure channel (36) that is used for brake servo unit (35), it is connected to air injector (27) via boiler check valve (34) at the suction gas side;
Be used for the gas passage (31) of crank case ventilating gas, it is connected to air injector (27) in the driving gas side; And
Enter air fork passage (32), it is connected to air injector (27) in the driving gas side, is used for sending the part of air that enters that the master of flow regulating valve (19) upstream side enters air by-pass passage (12),
Wherein, negative pressure control valve (33) is located at and enters in the air fork passage (32).
3. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
The back side that communication passage (25) is close to the flow regulating valve (19,63) of admission port (16) side is connected to the air by-pass passage (18,65) of induction maniflod (14), herein, when flow regulating valve (19,63) when opening a little, does not produce windstream, and
The open end of communication passage (25) points to flow regulating valve (19,63).
4. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Temperature booster (38,67), it is used to heat and does not produce the inside face of windstream when opening a little when flow regulating valve (19,63) on the back side of flow regulating valve (19,63) and the air by-pass passage (18,65).
5. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Temperature booster (38,67) is located at the back side of flow regulating valve (19,63).
6. as claim 4 or 5 described braking negative pressure control apparatus, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The ambient temperature acquisition sensor (42) that is used for the acquisition environment temperature; And
Temperature booster control unit (41), when the ambient temperature of being surveyed by ambient temperature acquisition sensor (42) is lower than predetermined temperature, in described temperature booster control unit (41) is used for during the time point that the time point that brings into operation from driving engine warms up to driving engine (11) to temperature booster (38,67) supplying electric current
Wherein, even at driving engine (11) when warming up, temperature booster control unit (41) during time point from the time point of car retardation to the racing of the engine operation in to temperature booster (38,67) supplying electric current.
7. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that,
During temperature booster (38, the 67) supplying electric current, negative pressure control apparatus (41) is crossed the amount that enters air of negative pressure control valve (33,51) according to the condition of service control flows of driving engine (11).
8. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Enter amount of air control setup (41), it is used to make the amount that enters air by flow regulating valve (19,63) to reduce and the cooresponding amount of amount that flows through the air of negative pressure control valve (33,51),
Wherein, when the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit (35) when the first predetermined negative pressure changes to atmospheric pressure side, negative pressure control apparatus (41) makes the amount of the air that flows through negative pressure control valve (33,51) increase to first predetermined amount of flow that the condition of service by driving engine (11) limits, and
When the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit (35) returned to its second predetermined negative pressure that is lower than the first predetermined negative pressure, negative pressure control apparatus (41) cut off the windstream that flows through negative pressure control valve (33,51).
9. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Negative pressure control apparatus (41) is along with the reduction of the rotating speed of driving engine (11) and/or reducing of engine load and reduce by first predetermined amount of flow.
10. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Be lower than under the situation of the second predetermined negative pressure even become in the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit (35), when driving engine (11) does not warm up yet fully, the second predetermined amount of flow control flows that negative pressure control apparatus (41) limits with the temperature by driving engine (11) is crossed the amount of the air of negative pressure control valve (33,51).
11. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that,
Negative pressure control apparatus (41) increases second predetermined amount of flow along with the reduction of the temperature of driving engine (11).
12. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The negative pressure channel (36) of brake servo unit (35), it is connected to the communication passage (25) that is used for respective cylinder via negative pressure control valve (51) and converges to negative pressure pipe (26) on it.
13. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that,
The back side that communication passage (25) is close to the flow regulating valve (19,63) of admission port (16) side is connected to the air by-pass passage (18,65) of induction maniflod (14), herein, when flow regulating valve (19,63) when opening a little, does not produce windstream; And
The open end of communication passage (25) points to flow regulating valve (19,63).
14. as claim 12 or 13 described braking negative pressure control apparatus, it is characterized in that,
When the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit (35) when the first predetermined negative pressure changes to atmospheric pressure side, negative pressure control apparatus (41) makes the amount of air that flows through negative pressure control valve (51) increase to the 4th predetermined amount of flow that the condition of service by driving engine (11) limits, and
When the braking negative pressure of brake servo unit (35) returned to its second predetermined negative pressure that is lower than the first predetermined negative pressure, negative pressure control apparatus (41) cut off the windstream that flows through negative pressure control valve (51).
15. braking negative pressure control apparatus as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that,
Negative pressure control apparatus (41) is along with the increase of the rotating speed of driving engine (11) and/or the change of engine load increase the 4th predetermined amount of flow greatly.
CN200710167930A 2006-10-27 2007-10-26 Negative pressure control apparatus for vehicle breaking operation Expired - Fee Related CN100595090C (en)

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JP2008106708A (en) 2008-05-08
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