CN100594840C - Method and system for tracking internal mini device - Google Patents
Method and system for tracking internal mini device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100594840C CN100594840C CN200710074398A CN200710074398A CN100594840C CN 100594840 C CN100594840 C CN 100594840C CN 200710074398 A CN200710074398 A CN 200710074398A CN 200710074398 A CN200710074398 A CN 200710074398A CN 100594840 C CN100594840 C CN 100594840C
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Abstract
A method and system for tracking the minitype device in vivo are disclosed, wherein the system includes a built-in permanent magnet, a function sensor, a MPU, a wireless radio circuit and a minitype device in vivo of the transmitting antenna, and also includes as array detecting unit, a portable data logger, a vitro data receiving and processing system for the data processing and the displaying center. The vitro data receiving and processing system is used for receiving the minitype device data and the tacking orientation. The tracking method synthetizes a linear algorithm of the magnetic location, a nonlinear optimization algorithm, and a radio frequency antenna synthesis locating method, which can fast obtain the complete 6-dimension position orientation parameter of the vivo minitype device, tracks the position and the direction of the vivo minitype device in real-time, and ensures the accuracy, the reliability, and the real time of the system. The invention can provide the preciseorientation and the movement trace, the direction and the speed information for the vivo minitype medical device, and also provides the important information about the symptom and the pathology partsetc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medical instruments, relate in particular to a kind of method of tracking internal mini device.
Background technology
Along with the development of micromechanics, microelectronic processing technique, increasing Wicresoft and noninvasive mini-medical device are applied to intravital clinical disease diagnosis of patient and treatment.In order to guarantee and to improve the effectiveness of Clinics and Practices process and carry out basic medical research better, these mini-medical devices locus and direction in vivo carried out real-time positioning and follows the tracks of just seeming particularly important.
At present, about how locating the problem of intravital micro device, available technology has detection, magnetic orientation of X-ray examination, CT examination, nuclear magnetic resonance check, 3 D ultrasonographic, computer vision, rf wireless signal intensity or the like.Wherein X-ray examination, CT examination, nuclear magnetic resonance check, 3 D ultrasonographic can provide definition than higher two dimension or 3-dimensional image, but these technology provide image information, need further to handle to calculate the three-dimensional position that just can provide device in the body, and can not provide the faces direction of device in the body; These devices cost an arm and a leg and complicated operation, can not carry out real-time tracking to the micro device in the digestive tract for a long time, and in checking process human body be understood some side effect.So, design a kind of high accuracy, real-time, easy to use and harmless tracking system is very necessary.
United States Patent (USP) 6,904,308 have adopted a plurality of antennas to come the position of capsule endoscope is followed the tracks of.By analyzing from the intensity of the detected wireless signal from the capsule endoscope emission of different antennae to come capsule endoscope is positioned.Locate with a plurality of antennas more convenient, bigger but wireless signal is influenced by human body reflection and absorbance, thus its locate and orientation accuracy very low.Improved method can adopt the magnetic orientation technology.Because human body stops less than reflection and transmission magnetic field, so magnetic orientation can very high precision.Also useful at present magnetic field positioning and orienting method is located and tracking internal mini device, for example is built in the magnetic field intensity that the permanent magnet of micro device sends in the body by the magnetic field sensor measurement with three groups 3, detects the position and the direction of micro device.Positioning and orienting method ratio antenna location, magnetic field has higher positioning accuracy, but owing to adopt nonlinear optimization method to calculate usually, its computational methods complexity, computation time is very long, therefore restriction and influence be to micro device positioning and directing speed in the body, is difficult to realize the quick real-time tracking to micro device in the body.And the magnetic field positioning and orienting method only can provide the three-dimensional change in location of micro device in the body and the direction of two dimension to change, lack the one dimension directional information, promptly lack in the antimer micro device around the running parameter of main shaft rotation, can't comprehensive antimer (three-dimensional position and three-dimensional) in the position and the direction of micro device change.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the method that a kind of tracking internal mini device is provided, this method can the real-time tracking body in movement locus, the directional information of micro device in micro device and the display body, accurately, reliable and the accurate location of micro device in the body is provided for the doctor apace.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted to be:
Be provided with permanent magnet in the micro device in the method for first kind of tracking internal mini device, body, and setting and the relatively-stationary array of magnetic sensors of position of human body, described array of magnetic sensors comprises at least 5 Magnetic Sensors; Said method comprising the steps of:
A, by measure obtaining each pick off locus, and micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body, and according to the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor, calculate current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet in the micro device with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops, as the current initial alignment data of permanent magnet;
Wherein, describedly calculate with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops that current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet mainly may further comprise the steps in the micro device:
A1, by measuring the position (x of each pick off
iy
iz
i)
T
A2, micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction (B of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body by measure obtaining
IxB
IyB
Iz)
T
A3, utilize linear equation FR=b to calculate R
In the formula: F=[B
x, B
y, B
z, (B
zY-B
yZ), (B
xZ-B
zX)]
R＝[(b-cf′)，(ce′-a)，(af′-be′)，e′，f′]
T
b＝B
xy-B
yx
Wherein: e '=e/g, f '=f/g, e, f, g are the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, a, b, c are the location parameter of described permanent magnet, and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, i=1,2...N, N 〉=5;
A4, calculate current location parameter and the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, obtain described initial alignment data with the R value;
Described steps A 4 comprises following processing:
A41, utilize R and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, calculate permanent magnet directioin parameter e, f, g;
A42, utilize the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g and R calculate the location parameter a of permanent magnet, b, c;
A43, by the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g obtain its orientation angle parameter θ, Φ, wherein:
Described location parameter a, b, c and orientation angle parameter θ, Φ is the initial alignment data;
B, with the initial value of described initial alignment data as nonlinear optimization algorithm, obtain the three-dimensional location data and the two-dimensional directional data of permanent magnet in the micro device with nonlinear optimization algorithm, as the basic fixed position data of described permanent magnet;
C, comprehensive described permanent magnet be the historical data of movement locus before this, judges the reasonability of described basic fixed position data, if these basic fixed position data are reasonable, then stores the basic fixed position data, and with it as the historical data of calculating next time, circulate successively; Otherwise, delete this basic fixed position data, return steps A and recomputate.
Be provided with permanent magnet and transmitting antenna in the micro device in the method for second kind of tracking internal mini device, body, and the direction axial and transmitting antenna of described permanent magnet is an angle; Be provided with and relatively-stationary array of magnetic sensors of position of human body and receiving antenna array simultaneously, described array of magnetic sensors and receiving antenna array comprise at least 5 Magnetic Sensors and 5 reception antennas respectively; Said method comprising the steps of:
A, by measure obtaining each pick off locus, and micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body, and according to the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor each point, calculate current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet in the micro device with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops, as the current initial alignment data of permanent magnet;
Wherein, describedly calculate with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops that current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet mainly may further comprise the steps in the micro device:
A1, by measuring the position (x of each pick off
iy
iz
i)
T
A2, micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction (B of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body by measure obtaining
IxB
IyB
Iz)
T
A3, utilize linear equation FR=b to calculate R
In the formula: F=[B
x, B
y, B
z, (B
zY-B
yZ), (B
xZ-B
zX)]
R＝[(b-cf′)，(ce′-a)，(af′-be′)，e′，f′]
T
b＝B
xy-B
yx
Wherein: e '=e/g, f '=f/g, e, f, g are the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, a, b, c are the location parameter of described permanent magnet, and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, i=1,2...N, N 〉=5;
A4, calculate current location parameter and the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, obtain described initial alignment data with the R value;
Described steps A 4 comprises following processing:
A41, utilize R and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, calculate permanent magnet directioin parameter e, f, g;
A42, utilize the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g and R calculate the location parameter a of permanent magnet, b, c;
A43, by the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g obtain its orientation angle parameter θ, Φ, wherein:
Described location parameter a, b, c and orientation angle parameter θ, Φ is the initial alignment data;
B, with the initial value of described initial alignment data as nonlinear optimization algorithm, obtain the three-dimensional location data and the two-dimensional directional data of permanent magnet in the micro device with nonlinear optimization algorithm, as the basic fixed position data of described permanent magnet;
C, gather the signal intensity that described transmitting antenna sends,, calculate the three-dimensional location data and the two-dimensional directional data of described transmitting antenna, as the current data of described transmitting antenna according to the mathematical model of antenna emission at each point reception antenna place;
D, comprehensive described permanent magnet be the historical data of movement locus before this, judges the reasonability of the current data of described basic fixed position data and described transmitting antenna respectively, if the two data is unreasonable, then deletion is returned steps A and recomputated; Otherwise change step e over to;
E, the current data of described basic fixed position data and transmitting antenna is carried out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING with the complex optimum fitting algorithm, draw the position of micro device 6 DOF in the body and the final result of direction, and store described final result as the historical data of calculating next time, circulation successively.
Described method, wherein: described step B comprises following concrete steps:
B1, utilize the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor measure, and the field strength values of utilizing the corresponding point that Biot Savart law calculates, the definition quadratic model object function
Wherein,
Be the locational magnetic flux density measurement value of Magnetic Sensor,
Be the locational magnetic induction calculating of Magnetic Sensor value, i=1,2...N, N 〉=5;
B2, employing nonlinear optimization algorithm, and, seek new optimal position parameters and orientation angle parameter, so that described quadratic model object function with the initial value of described initial alignment data as calculating
Be minimum, the basic fixed position data that the location parameter of this moment and orientation angle parameter are exactly permanent magnet.
Described method, wherein: described nonlinear optimization algorithm adopts the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm.
Described method, wherein: after array of magnetic sensors and receiving antenna array and those who are investigated's relative position is fixing, and those who are investigated swallow before the micro device, according to the following steps the coordinate position of Magnetic Sensor is demarcated: a Magnetic Sensor top that measuring instrument is put into described array of magnetic sensors centre position, record each Magnetic Sensor output successively, thereby obtain the relative coordinate position of each Magnetic Sensor, and preserve these coordinate positions.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is owing to adopted the magnetic induction positioning and directing to micro device in the body, and in magnetic induction positioning and directing process, linear algorithm and nonlinear algorithm person are comprehensively formed a kind of integration algorithm, improved the reliability of system widely, precision and computational speed have been improved, can be real-time, fast, the accurate location of mini-medical device in the body is provided for the doctor exactly, set up and show the track of the motion of mini-medical device, direction and velocity information are for relevant diagnoses and treatment provides important pathological information such as condition of illness and diseased region; And, the present invention is when adopting the magnetic induction positioning and directing, also merged with aerial array and realized the radiofrequency signal positioning and orienting method, therefore can obtain the complete sextuple locality parameter of micro device in the body, complete sextuple movement locus and direction of micro device in the body is provided, the unusual situation that may occur in the time of can also eliminating magnetic orientation makes the positioning accuracy of system and reliability be able to further raising.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a micro device tracking system block diagram in the body;
But Fig. 2 is a swallow type micro device structural representation;
But Fig. 3 is for concerning block diagram between each module in the swallow type micro device;
Fig. 4 a, b are respectively wearable array detection unit obverse and reverse sketch map;
Fig. 5 is the magnetic field sketch map of permanent magnet in the micro device;
Fig. 6 is the coordinate sketch map that the magnetic dipole simplified model of permanent magnet calculates;
Fig. 7 is permanent magnet and transmitting antenna position and direction definition sketch map;
Fig. 8 is a system of the present invention operational flowchart.
The specific embodiment
With embodiment the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below:
In the body of the present invention the micro device tracking system as shown in Figure 1, but in the digestive tract that the present invention relates to the micro device tracking system comprise the swallow type micro device that has permanent magnet, be arranged near the human body and with the relatively-stationary array detection of position of human body unit, portable data instrument and date processing and display centre etc.Micro device is shown in Fig. 2,3 in the body, micro device housing 21 built-in permanent magnets 24, battery 23, function element 27, the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces as shown in Figure 5, also comprise the function pick off 22, microprocessor 26, wireless radio frequency circuit and the wireless transmit antenna 25 that are linked in sequence, pick off is provided with because of research purpose is different, for example microcam, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, pH value pick off etc., function element also can be provided with because of purposes is different, for example pathological tissue sampler, medicinal sprayer etc.The array detection unit comprises array of magnetic sensors, aerial array, the array detection unit can be arranged on the wearable thing of human body, for example on the waistcoat shown in Fig. 4 a, the b, being about to array of magnetic sensors 42 and aerial array 45 is fixed on the waistcoat 41,41 for being used to catch the belt respiration pickup of human body respiration data among the figure, and 43 is the portable data instrument.Array of magnetic sensors and aerial array can be distributed in abdominal part, also can be distributed in back lumbar part, can also be placed in abdominal part and back lumbar part simultaneously.Aerial array comprises that the reception antenna more than five and five receives the wireless signal that micro device sends in the body.To array of magnetic sensors,, can place uniaxial magnetic quantity sensor or two and plural magnetic sensor more than five and five if adopt nonlinear algorithm; To linear method, then adopt 5 or 5 above magnetic sensors.Magnetic Sensor quantity is many and distribute closeer, then certainty of measurement is high more, Magnetic Sensor and reception antenna can be evenly distributed on the wearable thing, and be optional as 3*3,4*4,4*5,5*5,6*6 etc., perhaps the distribution design that is optimized according to the moving range of micro device in the body.Magnetic Sensor is fixed on 2*2cm
2Little flexible PCB on, and little flexible PCB is fixed on the waistcoat.The input and output lead-in wire of circuit board connects by Thin cable, and Thin cable all is fixed on the waistcoat, is drawn out to the portable data instrument by interface at last.Portable data instrument 43 comprises signal receiving unit, amplifying circuit, A/D converting unit, sampled data pretreatment and the memory element that is linked in sequence, be used to receive the pathological information signal that micro device sends in the body, and the location information signal of the permanent magnet that collects of array of magnetic sensors, and the signal that receives is carried out converting digital signal to after the processing and amplifying put in order and store, repeated transmission is given date processing and display centre; Date processing and display centre adopt PC or work station to realize, be used for handling and showing pathological data, calculate exact position, direction and the velocity information of micro device (permanent magnet) at different time, the movement locus of micro device in foundation and the display body is realized the real-time tracking to the mini-medical device.
In actual applications, between sampled data pretreatment and memory element and date processing and display centre, also be provided with data wireless transmitting element and data wireless receiving element, be used for the wireless transmission of data, and the wireless transmission unit is arranged in the portable data instrument, those who are investigated can wear wearable array detection unit like this, carry the portable data instrument, no matter be arbitrarily to walk about or when static, native system can both the real-time tracking body in the position and the direction of micro device.
Utilize said system and adopt following method to realize real-time tracking micro device in the body.
The tissue of human body is non magnetic, and its same air, water and vacuum have similar pcrmeability.The magnetic field of permanent magnet generation and human tissue structure on every side are irrelevant like this, and be only relevant with the position and the direction of magnetic source.Can think that the pcrmeability of vacuum equals the pcrmeability of tissue and air.And the Distribution of Magnetic Field of permanent magnet surrounding space is a static field, is constant, and the permanent magnet selected for use of micro device is the cylindrical permanent magnet along the axle uniform magnetization, and this moment, the molecular current of permanent magnet was the surface current that is distributed in cylindrical side.When the size of permanent magnet much smaller than between test point and permanent magnet apart from the time, permanent magnet can equivalence be a magnetic dipole, is illustrated in figure 7 as the magnetic moment vector of the magnetic dipole of permanent magnet equivalence
Five parameters (x, y, z, θ, Φ).Here,
It is the constant that characterizes the magnetic field intensity of magnet; X, y, z are the coordinates of the relative permanent magnet central point of spatial point (being assumed to 0,0,0); θ is the angle of the relative X-axis of this spatial point; Φ is this angle of putting relative X-Y plane.So just can apply mechanically the magnetic induction that the Biot-Savart law is specifically calculated the space each point, its magnetic induction calculates can be simplified as formula (1).
Wherein,
Be the magnetic moment of permanent magnet,
Be the distance vector of permanent magnet and a certain measured point P, r is the distance value of permanent magnet and a certain measured point P, μ
0Be permeability of vacuum, it is consistent with vacuum that the pcrmeability of human body can be considered.As shown in Figure 6, (a, b c) are the position coordinates at permanent magnet center, the permanent magnet surrounding space more arbitrarily (magnetic vector of z) locating is by six parameter m for x, y, x, y, z, θ, Φ determines.If represent x-a, y-b and z-c, promptly have with x, y and z:
Or be expressed as
Wherein
The unit vector of representing X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction respectively.If from above-mentioned formula six parameter m as can be known, x, y, z, θ, Φ is known, then arbitrarily some magnetic intensity vector at place just can obtain.Therefore, hence one can see that, measures magnetic induction by 5 or 5 array of magnetic sensors
Utilize then
Just can deduce micro device in the intravital position of people.During calculating, adopt the definition quadratic model object function
And utilize that the non-linear global optimum algorithm is sought, six parameter m of calculating optimum, and x, y, z, θ, Φ makes quadratic model object function
Be minimum, because this method of employing, need at first to infer that a permanent magnet is at the magnetic vector of the space point initial value as the non-linear global optimum algorithm, approach by calculating constantly again, obtain accurate permanent magnet magnetic field vector, therefore adopt this nonlinear algorithm separately, one comes amount of calculation huge, if it is incorrect that two initial values are given, can make the calculating of back move towards the branch road.Therefore the present invention adopts a kind of linear matrix algorithm to calculate 3 parameters in permanent magnet position and 2 parameters of direction earlier, and with the result of linear matrix algorithm computation initial value as nonlinear optimization algorithm, reach and save computation time, simplify and calculate, real-time tracking shows the purpose of the track of micro device.
Referring to Fig. 7,, can get by vector calculus from formula (1)
In the formula " * " the expression vector product,
Replaced
Further, then have by vector calculus:
In the formula " " the expression scalar product.
Available vector (B
xB
yB
z)
TExpression;
Represent a spatial point (x, y, z) to the magnet center point (a, b, space vector c), promptly (x-a, y-b, z-c)
T(note a here, b, c are not 0); Direction vector is used
Expression, because the direction of magnet is 2 dimensions, definable of the present invention
Be unit vector, i.e. e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1.Deployable the becoming of formula (5):
This same form can further be reduced to linear equation:
FR＝b (7)
In the formula,
F＝[B
x，B
y，B
z，(B
zy-B
yz)，(B
xz-B
zx)]
R＝[(b-cf′)，(ce′-a)，(af′-be′)，e′，f′]
T
b＝B
xy-B
yx
In the formula, e '=e/g, f '=f/g.If capsule activity interval arranged around three-axle magnetic field pick off outside human body can record at sensing station (x, y, z) magnetic field intensity (B on
xB
yB
z)
T, like this, F and b are exactly known.With upper sensor, the present invention just obtains more than 5 or 5 the linear equation with formula (7) expression with 5 or 5.Can calculate R with matrix calculus, further with R can calculate magnet space position parameter (a, b, c) and directioin parameter (e, f, g).Operation result shows: these linear computational methods will have the computational speed of high many (more than 10 times) than the computational methods of nonlinear optimization.Need to prove that X-Y-Z is a global coordinate system among Fig. 7, (x, y z) is the coordinate of the relative micro device of spatial point center, and coordinate system X '-Y '-Z ' is with (x, y z) is the new coordinate system of initial point, and new coordinate system X '-Y '-Z ' only is the simple translation of former coordinate system X-Y-Z.61 is micro device among the figure, and 62 is the transmitting antenna in the micro device, and 63 is the permanent magnet in the micro device.The direction of micro device is exactly a magnetic moment vector
Direction, the antenna spindle direction
With
Perpendicular.In order to represent
Orientation angle, defined two parameter θ and Φ as shown in Figure 7, wherein, θ is a magnetic moment vector
Angle with the Z axle; Φ is a magnetic flux density vector
At the projection of X-Y plane and the angle of X-axis.Magnetic moment vector like this
The position coordinates of coordinate system X '-Y '-Z ' (a, b, c) and its directioin parameter θ and Φ just constituted (a, b, c, θ, Φ) five-tuple parameter.The definition of direction also can be used unit vector
Expression has constituted (a, b, c, e, f, g) hexa-atomic group of parameter like this.
The step of the inventive method is as follows:
1,, measures the position (x of each pick off at the three-axle magnetic field pick off of human vitronectin layout more than 5 or 5
iy
iz
i)
T(i=1,2...N, N 〉=5);
2, utilize the three-axle magnetic field pick off, the field signal that permanent magnet in the micro device in the body is sent detects, and can obtain the three-axle magnetic field data (B more than 5 or 5
IxB
IyB
Iz)
T(i=1,2...N, N 〉=5);
3, the F in the calculating linear equation
i=[B
Ix, B
Iy, B
Iz, (B
Izy
i-B
Iyz
i), (B
Ixz
i-B
Izx
i)] (i=1,2...N, N 〉=5);
4, the b in the calculating linear equation
i=B
Ixy
i-B
Iyx
i(i=1,2...N, N 〉=5);
5, utilize linear equation formula (7), calculate R;
6, utilize R and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, and the calculated direction parameter (e, f, g);
7, (g) and R, (a, b c), have obtained the position and the directioin parameter of magnet to the calculating location parameter like this by linear algorithm for e, f to utilize directioin parameter;
8, further, at first (e, f g) calculate magnet orientation angle parameter by directioin parameter
9, parameter (a, b, c) and (θ Φ) is defined as the initial alignment data, as the initial guess of nonlinear algorithm;
10, utilize pick off to record
Calculate according to (3)
(i=1,2...N, N 〉=5), and definition quadratic model object function
11, choose suitable nonlinear optimization algorithm (as the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm), from the initial guess that step 9 obtains, seek new the best (a, b, c) and (θ, Φ) so that quadratic model object function
Be minimum.At this moment, (a, b is c) with (θ is exactly the directed result data of basic fixed position Φ) to the parameter that is obtained, and is the basic fixed position data.
12, differ obviously very big as linear algorithm result and non-linear result, then want the comprehensive permanent magnet historical data of movement locus before this, judge the reasonability of basic fixed position data, if rationally, then store the basic fixed position data, and with it as the historical data of calculating next time, circulation successively; Otherwise, reject irrational result, return step 1, recomputate the data of permanent magnet in this position.
According to above method step, the 3 dimension positions and the 2 dimension directions of micro device in the body can be provided with the magnetic orientation technology, and the variation of the direction of device is 3 dimensions in the body, so the present invention further proposes to position the locality information that orientation and magnetic orientation orientation are comprehensively obtained complete 6 dimensions of micro device with the wireless signal in the device in the body.Because wireless signal is to install means of communication inherent and outer work station in the body, the wireless signal positioning and directing can not increase any element or space in the interior device of body.The wireless signal positioning and directing is similar to the magnetic orientation orientation.As shown in Figure 4, the array detection unit is except that comprising array of magnetic sensors, also comprise receiving antenna array, promptly arrange wireless receiving antenna more than 5 or 5 at (on waistcoat) on the wearable object, and in the body transmitting antenna direction V in the device should with the direction of permanent magnet
Vertical or angled, utilize the magnetic field sensor field signal that permanent magnet sends in the micro device in to body detect with computational process in, the signal intensity that transmitting antenna in the micro device in the body is sent is gathered simultaneously, and according to the mathematical model of antenna emission, calculate the 3 dimension positions and the 2 dimension directions of transmitting antenna in installing in the body, as the current data of transmitting antenna.Different antennae has different mathematical modeies, will be according to precision, dimensional requirement designing antenna structure in the enforcement.According to the mathematical model of antenna emission, calculate the 3 dimension positions and the 2 dimension directions of transmitting antenna in installing in the body, for those skilled in the art know, do not repeat them here.After the current data that obtains transmitting antenna, on the basis of above-mentioned steps 11, continue following steps:
13, utilize the two kinds of results that localization method draws in magnetic orientation and aerial array location respectively, comprehensive historical data, the analysis deviation situation is judged the result's that two methods draw reasonability;
14, rational in this way, with suitable complex optimum fitting algorithm, as weighted comprehensive, least square, nonlinear optimization algorithm etc., magnetic field strength date and wireless receiving data are carried out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, draw the position of complete 6 dimensions of capsule in the body and the final result of direction; New result will be stored the historical data of conduct calculating next time, and circulation successively realizes real-time tracking.
15, irrational in this way, unusual situation particularly appears, cast out this unusual data, return step 1, recomputate the data of micro device in this position.
So directed 5 dimension data of wireless signal positioning and directing 5 dimension data and magnetic orientation rationally comprehensive after, can obtain the position and the direction delta data of micro device in the bodies of complete 6 dimensions.The unusual situation that utilization wireless signal positioning and directing also can judge and avoid magnetic orientation to occur.
The inventive method also comprises step as shown in Figure 8, promptly before beginning test, check whether the installation of waistcoat upper sensor array is firm, checks whether external cabling has damage.Inspection by after put on waistcoat and be advisable with snug fit.Then the coordinate of the sensor array put on is proofreaied and correct, simultaneously can also be whether working properly at this step testing fixture.Because different stature, individual variation such as fat or thin are bigger, and also difference to some extent of the wearing position of waistcoat different the time, thus the testee put on prepare to swallow micro device behind the waistcoat before, demarcate the coordinate position of pick off.Its scaling method is that the standard three-coordinates measuring machine is put on the Magnetic Sensor in centre position of array of magnetic sensors, records sensor array output successively, so just records mutual relative coordinate position and preserves these coordinate positions.After the coordinate position of sensor array is demarcated again, allow inspected object swallow micro device, the data that micro device is launched in the position of micro device, the body in the beginning synchronous recording body, breath data of inspected object or the like.The data of the emission of micro device can be the video images that microcam is taken in the body, also can be gastral pressure data, gastral pH value data or the like.The present invention can use in the capsule endoscope, can come digestive tract is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction in conjunction with the synchronous images and the positioning and directing data of gathering, and makes the observation of intestines and stomach and pathological tissue more direct accurately.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to replacement or change according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, and all these changes or replacement all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, be provided with permanent magnet in the micro device in a kind of method of tracking internal mini device, body, and setting and the relatively-stationary array of magnetic sensors of position of human body; Said method comprising the steps of:
A, by measure obtaining each pick off locus, and micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body, and according to the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor, calculate current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet in the micro device with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops, as the current initial alignment data of permanent magnet;
Wherein, describedly calculate with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops that current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet mainly may further comprise the steps in the micro device:
A1, by measuring the position (x of each pick off
iy
iz
i)
T
A2, micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction (B of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body by measure obtaining
IxB
IyB
Iz)
T
A3, utilize linear equation FR=b to calculate R
In the formula: F=[B
x, B
y, B
z, (B
zY-B
yZ), (B
xZ-B
zX)]
R＝[(b-cf′)，(ce′-a)，(af′-be′)，e′，f′]
T
b＝B
xy-B
yx
Wherein: e '=e/g, f '=f/g, e, f, g are the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, a, b, c are the location parameter of described permanent magnet, and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, i=1,2 ... N, N 〉=5;
A4, calculate current location parameter and the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, obtain described initial alignment data with the R value;
Described steps A 4 comprises following processing:
A41, utilize R and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, calculate permanent magnet directioin parameter e, f, g;
A42, utilize the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g and R calculate the location parameter a of permanent magnet, b, c;
A43, by the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g obtain its orientation angle parameter θ, Φ,
Wherein:
Described location parameter a, b, c and orientation angle parameter θ, Φ is the initial alignment data;
B, with the initial value of described initial alignment data as nonlinear optimization algorithm, obtain the three-dimensional location data and the two-dimensional directional data of permanent magnet in the micro device with nonlinear optimization algorithm, as the basic fixed position data of described permanent magnet;
C, comprehensive described permanent magnet be the historical data of movement locus before this, judges the reasonability of described basic fixed position data, if these basic fixed position data are reasonable, then stores the basic fixed position data, and with it as the historical data of calculating next time, circulate successively; Otherwise, delete this basic fixed position data, return steps A and recomputate.
2, be provided with permanent magnet and transmitting antenna in the micro device in a kind of method of tracking internal mini device, body, and the direction axial and transmitting antenna of described permanent magnet is an angle; Be provided with and relatively-stationary array of magnetic sensors of position of human body and receiving antenna array simultaneously; Said method comprising the steps of:
A, by measure obtaining each pick off locus, and micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body, and according to the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor, calculate current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet in the micro device with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops, as the current initial alignment data of permanent magnet;
Wherein, describedly calculate with the linear moment tactical deployment of troops that current position and the directioin parameter of permanent magnet mainly may further comprise the steps in the micro device:
A1, by measuring the position (x of each pick off
iy
iz
i)
T
A2, micro device acts on the locational magnetic induction (B of each point Magnetic Sensor in the described body by measure obtaining
IxB
IyB
Iz)
T
A3, utilize linear equation FR=b to calculate R
In the formula: F=[B
x, B
y, B
z, (B
zY-B
yZ), (B
xZ-B
zX)]
R＝[(b-cf′)，(ce′-a)，(af′-be′)，e′，f′]
T
b＝B
xy-B
yx
Wherein: e '=e/g, f '=f/g, e, f, g are the direction of described permanent magnet
Parameter, a, b, c are the location parameter of described permanent magnet, and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, i=1,2 ... N, N 〉=5;
A4, calculate current location parameter and the directioin parameter of described permanent magnet, obtain described initial alignment data with the R value;
Described steps A 4 comprises following processing:
A41, utilize R and e
2+ f
2+ g
2=1, calculate permanent magnet directioin parameter e, f, g,
A42, utilize the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g and R calculate the location parameter a of permanent magnet, b, c;
A43, by the directioin parameter e of permanent magnet, f, g obtain its orientation angle parameter θ, Φ,
Wherein:
Described location parameter a, b, c and orientation angle parameter θ, Φ is the initial alignment data;
B, with the initial value of described initial alignment data as nonlinear optimization algorithm, obtain the three-dimensional location data and the two-dimensional directional data of permanent magnet in the micro device with nonlinear optimization algorithm, as the basic fixed position data of described permanent magnet;
C, gather the signal intensity that described transmitting antenna sends,, calculate the three-dimensional location data and the two-dimensional directional data of described transmitting antenna, as the current data of described transmitting antenna according to the mathematical model of antenna emission at each point reception antenna place;
D, comprehensive described permanent magnet be the historical data of movement locus before this, judges the reasonability of the current data of described basic fixed position data and described transmitting antenna respectively, if the two data is unreasonable, then deletion is returned steps A and recomputated; Otherwise change step e over to;
E, the current data of described basic fixed position data and transmitting antenna is carried out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING with the complex optimum fitting algorithm, draw the position of micro device 6 DOF in the body and the final result of direction, and store described final result as the historical data of calculating next time, circulation successively.
3, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described step B comprises following concrete steps:
B1, utilize the locational magnetic induction of each point Magnetic Sensor measure, and the field strength values of utilizing the corresponding point that Biot Savart law calculates, the definition quadratic model object function
Wherein,
Be the locational magnetic flux density measurement value of Magnetic Sensor,
Be the locational magnetic induction calculating of Magnetic Sensor value, i=1,2 ... N, N 〉=5;
B2, employing nonlinear optimization algorithm, and, seek new optimal position parameters and orientation angle parameter, so that described quadratic model object function with the initial value of described initial alignment data as calculating
Be minimum, the basic fixed position data that the location parameter of this moment and orientation angle parameter are exactly permanent magnet.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described nonlinear optimization algorithm adopts the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm.
5, method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: after array of magnetic sensors and receiving antenna array and those who are investigated's relative position is fixing, and those who are investigated swallow before the micro device, according to the following steps the coordinate position of Magnetic Sensor is demarcated: a Magnetic Sensor top that measuring instrument is put into described array of magnetic sensors centre position, record each Magnetic Sensor output successively, thereby obtain the relative coordinate position of each Magnetic Sensor, and preserve these coordinate positions.
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