CN100594693C - A Method for Mobile Nodes to Join Multicast Groups in Multicast Environment - Google Patents
A Method for Mobile Nodes to Join Multicast Groups in Multicast Environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多播环境下移动节点加入多播组的方法，移动节点发生网络切换时，依据之前若干次切换的运动特征，利用运动模型预测本次切换后在下一网络的驻留时长，通过使用判定策略，在切换时自适应地选择以家乡签署方案或远程签署方案加入多播组，从而利用家乡签署方案和远程签署方案的各自优势，减小移动多播切换的链路开销，并且不需要引入新的功能实体，仅由移动节点自身做出决策，克服了存在三角路由、链路开销较大的缺陷。
The invention discloses a method for a mobile node to join a multicast group in a multicast environment. When a mobile node switches over a network, it uses a motion model to predict the residence time in the next network after the switchover based on the motion characteristics of several previous switches. , by using the decision strategy, adaptively choose the home signing scheme or the remote signing scheme to join the multicast group during handover, so as to take advantage of the respective advantages of the home signing scheme and the remote signing scheme to reduce the link overhead of mobile multicast handover, And there is no need to introduce a new functional entity, only the mobile node itself makes decisions, which overcomes the defects of triangular routing and high link overhead.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile multicast (Mobile Multicast) technical field, more specifically, the present invention relates to the method for mobile node adding multicast group under a kind of multicast environment.
Background technology
Ip multicast provides the communication modes that a little arrives multiple spot, can improve utilization of network bandwidth effectively, saves the consumption of sender's its other resources, makes simultaneously to use to be with good expansibility.For example, in the Radio Link of shared channel, when a plurality of mobile nodes belonged to same multicast group, it was more high than the efficient of utilizing mode of unicast respectively and send packet to utilize the multicast mode to send packet.Ip multicast has powerful performance advantage to what emerged such as new application the such as data broadcasting, long-distance education, video conference.
In the prior art, the Routing Protocol that is used to set up multicast tree supposes that all node fixes, the new feature of not considering mobile node and being brought.Under mobile environment, because mobile node needs to add again the multicast group after switching, therefore can bring bigger handover overhead, the mobile IP/IPv6 agreement (RFC3775) that the IETF tissue proposes mainly solves the mobility problem of clean culture, for moving of multicast, two kinds of simple proposal have only been proposed, local signature (Home Subscription) and long-range signature (Remote Subscription).In the signatory's case of local, mobile node adds the multicast group by bidirectional tunnel, sends and receive the multicast bag by the tunnel, has the triangle routing issue, makes link overhead big.In long-range signature scheme, mobile node all needs to join again in the multicast group after changing the place network at every turn, and calculate corresponding with it multicast tree, though need not use the tunnel, there is not the triangle routing issue, but when mobile node switches, need add the multicast group again, time delay is bigger.
Also have some improvement projects at present, (for example introduce and act on behalf of multicast ISP (Designate Multicast Service Provider by increasing new functional entity, DMSP)), realize the compromise of local signature scheme and long-range signature scheme, these schemes are that each multicast group is from one group of home agent (home agent, HA) select a HA in as DMSP, wherein, has only DMSP and Foreign Agent (Foreign agent, FA) the two sets up tunnel and retransmitting multi-casting bag, avoid sending the multicast grouping that repeats by the tunnel to same field network, but still have the triangle route in these schemes, link overhead is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The big defective of link overhead when switching for overcoming mobile multicast of the prior art, the advantage separately of signature of comprehensive utilization local and long-range signature scheme the present invention proposes the method for mobile node adding multicast group under a kind of multicast environment.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide the method for mobile node adding multicast group under a kind of multicast environment, comprising:
Step 10), when mobile node network of living in switches,, utilize forecast model that the duration sequence that mobile node switches in field network is at every turn carried out match, predict the resident duration T ' of described mobile node in next network (n+1);
Step 20) if described resident duration T ' (n+1) greater than predetermined threshold value T
Th, use long-range signature scheme to add the multicast group;
Step 30) if described resident duration T ' (n+1) less than predetermined threshold value T
Th, use signature scheme in local to add the multicast group.
Wherein, write down the time that described mobile node entered and left field network, obtain the duration that mobile node switches in field network at every turn, described duration sequence is used to write down described duration.
Wherein, described forecast model and the match of described duration sequence obtain an error range, if described error range is in the allowed band of described forecast model, then utilize described forecast model and fitting result, described mobile node is predicted at the residence time of next network.
Wherein, step 30) in, after switching is finished, when described mobile node reaches another predetermined threshold value T at the resident duration of new field network
THThe time, the local signature scheme before then described mobile node is nullified uses long-range signature scheme to add the multicast group.
Wherein, when switching the signature scheme, receive the multicast grouping, add the multicast group with long-range signature scheme simultaneously with local signature scheme.
By utilizing the kinetic characteristic before mobile node switches, multicast prescription formula is selected to add in mobile node adaptation ground, has fully utilized the separately advantage of local signature with long-range signature scheme, reduces the link overhead in the mobile multicast handoff procedure; The present invention does not need to introduce new functional entity, is only made a policy by mobile node self, has overcome to increase the defective that service entities brings the deployment aspect in other scheme newly; The present invention as influencing the factor that the multicast group adds mode, has realized the adjustment strategy of dynamic adding multicast group with the mobility of mobile node.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the multicast switching flow figure of mobile node;
Fig. 2 adds the mode decision flowchart for the multicast group.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the method that mobile node under a kind of multicast environment provided by the invention is added the multicast group is described further.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the present invention relates to the content of following three aspects: mobility model match and prediction, switching determination and multicast group add, the multicast group adds strategy adjustment.
Mobility model match and prediction
At first write down mobile node and enter and leave time of field network, when obtaining mobile node and switching at every turn, mobile node is at the resident duration of field network, and mobile node is preserved the resident duration T of the inferior switching of nearest N (N＞0)
n(0＜n≤N).Utilize forecast model to sequence T
nCarry out the model match, model fit procedure in the present embodiment can be selected different forecast models according to concrete needs, with the internal characteristics of abundant reflection node in moving process, for example uses autoregression model (Autoregressive model, the AR model), forecast model and sequence T
nMatch obtains an error range.If described error range in the allowed band of forecast model, illustrates the match success, show that the kinetic characteristic of mobile node meets the characteristics of motion of forecast model, utilize forecast model and fitting result, to the residence time T of mobile node at next network
N+1Predict, obtain mobile node (n+1) at the residence time predicted value T ' of next network; If the match failure shows that then the kinetic characteristic of mobile node does not meet this rule, make T ' (n+1)=0.
As shown in Figure 1, in step S1.1, after mobile node starts, if mobile node is arranged in home network, the mode that then adds the multicast group is identical with stationary nodes, if mobile node is arranged in field network, then uses local signature mode to add the multicast group, (0＜i＜N+1) be set to 0, toggle count n is initialized as 1 to field network resident duration sequence T (i) when initial.
In step S1.2, the time T that the record mobile node enters field network for the n time
N, in
In step S1.3, switch up to mobile node network of living in, when entering another field network, just execution in step S1.4-S1.13 carries out judgement and adjustment that the multicast group adds mode, otherwise is in T always
N, inThe record stage.
In step S1.4, when mobile node switched, the record mobile node left the time T of this field network
N, out
In step S1.5, leave the time T of this field network at the record mobile node
N, outThe time, the time T that enters next field network after the record mobile node switches
N+1, in
In step S1.6, enter and leave time of field network according to mobile node, calculate the resident duration Ts=T of mobile node at field network
N, out-T
N, in
In step S1.7, mobile node write at the resident duration Ts of field network be used to write down the nearest sequence of switching resident duration for N time, promptly T (i) assignment is in T (i+1), (0＜i＜N), T (N)=Ts.
In step S1.8, utilize forecast model, such as the AR model, resident duration sequence T (N) is carried out match, obtain fitting result.
In step S1.9,, judge whether match is successful, if error range in allowed band, is then represented the match success according to the error range of fitting result among the step S1.8; If error range exceeds allowed band, then represent the match failure.
In step S1.10, if match failure, then expression this resident duration sequence T (N) does not meet the characteristics of motion of this model, therefore can not predict resident duration at next network of mobile node with this forecast model, with T ' (n+1)=0.
In step S1.11, if the match success, then this resident duration sequence T (N) of expression meets the characteristics of motion of this forecast model, and the model parameter of utilizing match to obtain is predicted T (n+1), obtains predicting the outcome T ' (n+1).
In step S1.12, according to T ' value (n+1), carry out multicast group adding mode and judge, realize that mobile node adds the multicast group.
In step S1.13, with n=n+1, wait pending switching next time, return step S1.3.
Be switched and determined with the multicast group and add
With T ' (n+1) with the threshold value T that is provided with in advance
Th(T
Th＞0) compares, if T ' is (n+1) more than or equal to T
Th, mean that then mobile node is big in the possibility of next resident long period of field network, therefore after switching, use long-range signature scheme to add the multicast group; If T ' is (n+1) less than T
Th, mean that then mobile node is big in the possibility of next resident short period of field network, therefore after switching, use signature scheme in local to add the multicast group.
As shown in Figure 2, in step S2.1, according to the predicted value T ' among the step S1.11 among Fig. 1 (n+1), judge that whether it is less than prior given threshold value T
Th, the selection of threshold value when requirement is comparatively strict to the time limit, is used less threshold value according to the strict degree that the time limit is required, and when requirement is comparatively loose to the time limit, uses bigger threshold value;
In step S2.2, if T ' (n+1) 〉=T
Th, represent that then mobile node is big in the possibility of this new resident long period of field network, therefore select mobile node to add the multicast group in long-range signature mode, avoid the triangle route, reduce multicast transmission packets expense.
In step S2.3, if T ' (n+1)＜T
Th, represent that then mobile node is big in the possibility of this new resident short period of field network, therefore select mobile node to add the multicast group in local signature mode, avoid the expense of bringing because of frequent reconstruct multicast tree.
The multicast group adds strategy adjustment
Add the multicast group as mobile node in long-range signature mode, then need not carry out the multicast group and add strategy adjustment; Add the multicast group as mobile node in local signature mode, after switching is finished, when mobile node reaches prior given threshold value T at the stop duration of this field network
THThe time, meaning that mobile node is " relatively stable ", the possibility that promptly continues the resident long period is big, therefore, selects to add the multicast group in long-range signature mode.Add constantly in switching, when receiving the multicast grouping, carry out adding the process of multicast group, after adition process finishes, nullify original local and sign mechanism, use long-range signature mechanism to receive the multicast grouping in long-range signature mode in local signature mode.
As shown in Figure 2, in step S2.4,, after switching is finished, timer value is set is prior given threshold value T if mobile node adds the multicast group in local signature mode
TH
In step S2.5, waiting timer is triggered, if the mobile node residence time reaches the threshold value T that timer triggers
TH, the expression mobile node has surpassed threshold value T at the new resident duration of field network
TH, need carry out the adjustment that the multicast group adds mode.
In step S2.6, mobile node adds the multicast group in long-range signature mode, avoids the triangle route, reduces multicast transmission packets expense.
In step S2.7, nullify the mechanism that receives the multicast grouping originally by the local signature.
It should be noted that at last, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, and on using, can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment, think that simultaneously all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, the method for mobile node adding multicast group under a kind of multicast environment comprises:
Step 10), when mobile node network of living in switches, utilize forecast model that the duration sequence that mobile node switches in field network is at every turn carried out match, predict the resident duration T ' of described mobile node in next network (n+1);
Step 20) if described resident duration T ' (n+1) greater than predetermined threshold value T
Th, use long-range signature scheme to add the multicast group;
Step 30) if described resident duration T ' (n+1) less than predetermined threshold value T
Th, use signature scheme in local to add the multicast group.
2, the process of claim 1 wherein step 30) in, after switching is finished, when described mobile node reaches another predetermined threshold value T at the resident duration of new field network
THThe time, the local signature scheme before then described mobile node is nullified uses long-range signature scheme to add the multicast group.
3, the process of claim 1 wherein, write down the time that described mobile node entered and left field network, obtain the duration that mobile node switches in field network at every turn, described duration sequence is used to write down described duration.
4, the method for claim 1, wherein, described forecast model and the match of described duration sequence, obtain an error range, if described error range is in the allowed band of described forecast model, then utilize described forecast model and fitting result, described mobile node is predicted at the residence time of next network.
5, the method for claim 2 wherein, when switching the signature scheme, receives the multicast grouping with local signature scheme, adds the multicast group with long-range signature scheme simultaneously.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6301229B1 (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 2001-10-09 | 3Com Corporation | Distribution of protocol processes from network elements to end stations |
| WO2002027989A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-04 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Logical addressing of mobile units in a wlan with multicast packet addressing |
| CN1996933A (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2007-07-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for congestion control in the real time multicast service |
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