CN100589739C - 具有单个周边接合线的空气床垫 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种转移床垫,其包括一具有一宽度、一长度及纵向外围边缘的顶层、一具有相同宽度、相同长度及纵向外围边缘和数个穿孔的底层。顶层和底层的纵向外围边缘通常通过热密封而互相密封固定。数个具有一宽度和一长度的挡板连接到顶层的内表面和底层的内表面相,以便横向置于所述顶层底层之间。所述挡板及所述顶层和底层的宽度定了一径向向外弯曲的外围墙,所述外围墙置于所述挡板的一边缘与所述顶层和底层的密封外围边缘之间。所述径向向外弯曲的外围墙具有一宽度y,所述宽度y由x((dπ-x)/2)≤y(I)决定,其中d表示纵向延伸的浮筒的高度,x表示所述挡板的宽度。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及病人转移设备,特别涉及一种采用空气支承以促进转移的病人转移装置。
背景技术
现有技术中,安置病人的床垫包括至少两个弹性材料层,所述层共同界定一充气增压室,且至少一个层在至少一中央表面区域中打有直接通向所述充气增压室内部的小针孔。使用上述现有技术的床垫时将有孔的层放置成面向一固定在下方的、一般为平面的支撑面例如地板或桌子。当所述床垫充入压缩空气,空气在压力下通过针孔选出,起先是抬高了放在有孔的弹性层上的床垫之上的负荷,因此在有孔的弹性层与下方的、一般为平面的支撑面之间产生一相对小高度的空气支承。
例如,在授权给Wegener的美国专利号4,517,690的专利中,公开了一种空气垫,包括上层和下层的薄弹性膜层,所述膜层在边缘处密封接合以形成一个充气增压室。Wegener的空气垫具有在其下的一般为平面的固定支撑面上以最小的摩擦移动负荷的功能。底层的薄弹性材料层在负荷压上的区域内打有小直径的孔,例如针孔。
在授权给Weedling的美国专利号5,561,873的专利中,提供了一种膨胀弹性垫,其中形成有一列结构上互连的膨胀室以在膨胀时支撑负荷。所述弹性垫设计为防止负荷支撑表面的横向和纵向的收缩,以及防止如气球般鼓胀和如热狗状(ballooning hot dogging);并且可以通过提供一更大的负荷表面支撑区域来降低转动的不稳定性。
在授权给Davis的美国专利号6,073,291的专利中,公开了一种可膨胀的医用病人转移装置,其具有横向分割部件和一抬高的外围部分的组合,以减少有害的如气球般鼓胀、不平稳的膨胀及迅速的突然放气。还公开了附加的有差别的摇晃病人的可膨胀室,设在该转移装置的顶部,以帮助医务人员摇晃靠在或躺在该转移装置上的病人,特别是在病床处于放气的情况下。
所有上述装置的缺点在于不能被充分和迅速地清洁,以防止使用后从它们的病人占用表面传播疾病。这样的床垫要求接触病人的材料是易于清洗的和不吸收的,因为病人经常会流失体液造成床单等的脏污。
授权给Wegener等人的美国专利号4,627,426的专利提供了解决这个问题的一种方法,公开了一种置于操作台之上的高吸收性垫子,其沿中心纵向弱化,以形成成对的互相分离且中心相连的部分,可横向移到躺在该层上的病人的各个侧面,纵向集中。因此在手术后,通过在垫子的相对面用足够的力量拉垫子,沿弱化的部分使垫子分为两半,载有大量血液的这种吸收垫可以被迅速地从病人身下移走。这种垫子可以具有数层,其中一层或多层通过使层材料变薄或沿同样的纵向打孔而弱化。
但是,许多现有设备还存在的缺点源于其不膨胀的区域比膨胀的区域大得多的事实,这些设备的外围边缘部分因此易于挂在病床或病人转移推车的外围边缘上,从而增加了前述的清洁问题。医务上持续地需要用空气垫容易地、安全地和舒适地转移伤者、医院病人或事故现场的伤员,另外还持续地需要在使用后能够容易地和安全地清洁这种空气垫。
发明内容
附图说明
本发明的各种特性和优点将通过下面对本发明优选实施例的详细描述来更详细地公开或明显地呈现,所述实施例应与附图相结合考虑,其中相同的标记表示相同的部件,其中:
图1为一种依照本发明构成的转移床垫的透视图;
图2为图1中所示的转移床垫部分破断面的透视图;
图3为依照本发明构成的底面或底层的顶视图;
图4为依照本发明构成的顶面或顶层的顶视图;
图5为沿图2中所示的线5-6的剖视图,总体上显示了挡板和向外辐射状弯曲的外围墙与床垫的空间关系;以及
图6为图5和图2所示的转移床垫的破断面的剖视图,及一个被圈起的放大部分用以图解一种防水涂层。
具体实施方式
对优选实施例的描述用于结合附图来理解,其应被视为本发明整体书面描述的一部分。附图不必按比例,且为了清楚简明的目的,本发明的一些特性在附图中可能显示为放大的比例或示意图。在描述中的相对性的词语例如“水平的”、“垂直的”、“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”及其派生词(如“水平地”、“向下地”、“向上地”等)应解释为指示如其后所述的方向或如其所讨论的附图中所示的方向。这些相对性的词语是为了描述的方便,通常不是指示特定的方向。包括“向内地”对“向外地”、“纵向地”对“横向地”等的词语应适当地解释为相对于彼此或相对于一伸长轴或一旋转轴或旋转中心。关于附加、结合等的词语,例如“连接的”和“互连的”,指示一种关系,其中的结构是固定的、或是互相直接或通过中间结构间接连接,以及指示可移动的或固定的附件或关系,除非另外声明。词语“有效地连接的”指示一种附加、接合或连接关系,相关联的结构可以通过这种关系实现所希望的操作。在权利要求中,方法和其功能的条款用于保护实现所述功能的在书面描述或附图中描述、建议或明显呈现的结构,不仅包括结构的相等物,还包括等同的结构。
参见图1-4,依照本发明形成的一种转移床垫2,包括一顶面4、一底面6及数个挡板面8。更特别地,顶面4包括一头部12、一尾部14及一外围边缘16,且顶面4由一层织物如尼龙纤维织品等构成,至少其外表面18上涂有防水涂层20。顶面4的内表面19也可以涂上防水涂层20。防水涂层20可以是任何已知的不渗透如血液、尿、粪、医用浓度的消毒液、酒精等半固体和液体的聚合物或弹性化合物。例如,一种尼龙斜纹织物,其一个侧面(例如内侧面)涂有一种可热密封的聚氨酯涂层,且外侧面(接触病人的侧面)涂有一种耐用防水剂(Durable Water Repellant)。
或者,转移床垫2可由一顶面4、一底面6形成,所述顶面和底面包括具有双面涂层的织物,其内、外侧面均涂有聚氨酯。据发现尽管耐用防水剂可以在短时间内防水,其最终会被从织物上洗掉。即使在开始时液体会聚合成珠,但它们最终会渗入织物的纤维中。而所述涂有双层聚氨酯的涂层不会发生任何吸收,因此更优选用在本发明中。而且,内侧面具有的聚氨酯允许热密封而消除针孔。
使用上述优选材料的一个实际优点在于转移床垫2在使用中可以更长时间地保持更好的外观。双面涂有涂层的转移床垫可以容易地擦净和更快地再投入使用。而由耐用防水剂形成的床垫在用杀菌溶液擦净后需要长得多的时间来干燥。同时双面涂有涂层的转移床垫也减少了被送去洗衣房(通常不在附近)的需求。依照本发明组成的双面涂有涂层的转移床垫2在正常使用中不会被弄脏。而且,由于所述床垫的顶面涂有可热封的聚氨酯,其它结构可以通过热密封与床垫的顶面接合,且有利的是不需缝合。
底面6包括一头部22、一尾部24和一外围边缘26,底面6同样也是由一层尼龙纤维或类似的织物构成,且至少可在其外表面28上涂有防水涂层20。底面6的内表面29也可涂有防水涂层20。转移床垫2的一角形成有一进口32,其可为一可关闭的进口,且与一空气供给管34可密封地连接。进口32设计为适当的形状和尺寸,使得空气供应管34可以插入,且在转移床垫2冲气时后可突然关闭或其它方式关闭以在合适位置固定空气供应管34。进口32也可以包括一个阀门(未示出),阀门是偏置的以便正常关闭以防止空气从进口选出,且可在空气供应管34插入进气口32时开启。其它本领域技术人员熟知的装置可用来给转移床垫充气。
底面6还包括数个小孔36,通过确定其厚度来使低压空气供应装置供应给转移床垫2的空气通过空气供应管34在可控方式下逸出。供应给转移床垫2的空气经数个孔36逸出,从而提供了一负重空气垫,可促进转移床垫2沿一表面滑行和从一表面到另一表面。
数个挡板面8每一个包括尼龙纤维或类似物的基本上矩形的层,且包括一顶边40和一底边42。挡板8可以依据其在转移床垫2内的位置而具有不同的宽度。每个顶边40被横向固定于顶面4的内表面19的一部分,且每个底边42横向固定于底面6的内表面29,如下面将进一步详细公开的。
转移床垫2为依照本发明按下述方式组成。底面6布置于一适当的支撑表面上以使挡板8可以横向安置在内表面29的中心部分。一旦处于此处,每个挡板8的底边42紧固于底面6的内表面2。挡板8沿其底边42和底面6的内表面29的界面为方便地热密封。所述热密封可以通过在界面加热或超声波处理来实现。通过这种方式,如图6所示,在顶边16和底边26之间形成一种双重加固的界面结构,以改善其接合和其在一般负荷下的防裂能力。
在数个挡板8固定于底面6的内表面29后,顶面4铺在底面6的上方且与底面6相对,使得顶面4的头部12面对底面6的头部22,且顶面4的尾部14面对底面6的尾部24。一旦处于此处,每个挡板8的每个顶边40都紧固于预面4的内表面29。
为了完成转移床垫2的构成,必须将顶面4的外围边缘16密封固定于底面6的外围边缘26(图5-6)。重要的是,为了避免滑动过程中人滑离转移床垫2,下述方法据发现为有利的:产生一个放射状向外弯曲的外围墙或“浮筒”35,使其在挡板8的每一边从头部22向尾部24纵向延伸。浮筒35通常在其大部分长度上大体为圆柱体形状,其横断截面大体为圆形。这对病人产生了类似“摇篮”的效果。如果浮筒35的尺寸依照下述关系,可对转移床垫2的功能有重大的改进:
其中,y是从挡板8的一边到外围边缘16、26测量的顶面4和底面6的不充气的宽度;d是浮筒35的内径,即转移床垫2膨胀时顶面4的自挡板8边缘延伸到外围边缘16的部分,与底面6的自挡板8边缘延伸到外围边缘26的部分之间的距离。x为挡板8的宽度,π为公知的几何/三角常量,其值约为3.14159。
邻近横向挡板8的末端的适当延伸的外围浮筒35提供了几种好处。它协助抬高充气的转移床垫2的侧边,以给支撑其上的人以安全感,以及防止人滚离充气设备的实际安全性。此外,浮筒35的显著曲度可降低床垫2和其下的支撑面之间的接触面积,从而减少拖曳。位于横向挡板8的终端的一对基本平行的外围浮筒35可相对轻微地限制充气时空气流入中心室,从而避免该设备“如气球般鼓胀”,也就是说,避免其负荷被抬起或提升过高以至于床垫2中心部分形成的着地面变得不平衡。浮筒35还使得低压空气可以有效地一次输入挡板8界定地所有中心室,即使在轻微限制或减缓空气输入时,也可以有效地促进所有中心室的更加均一的充气。浮筒35还增强了整个转移床垫的硬度,使其在膨胀时易于操作。因此依照这种关系构成的浮筒35在使用时可以很大地改善转移床垫2的滑行运动。
应理解的是本发明并非仅限制于此处公开的和附图中显示的特定的结构,而是包含在权利要求范围内的任何修改或等同物。
Claims (7)
1、一种转移床垫,包括:
一顶面,其具有一宽度、一长度及纵向外围边缘;
一底面,其具有所述宽度、所述长度及纵向外围边缘和数个穿孔,其中所述顶面和底面的所述纵向外围边缘互相密封固定,其中所述顶面和底面由一层一面涂有耐用防水剂涂料而另一面涂有聚氨酯的尼龙纤维织物构成;以及
数个挡板,其每个具有一宽度和一长度并连接到所述顶面的内表面和所述底面的内表面,以便横向置于所述顶面和所述底面之间,从而界定一径向向外弯曲的纵向延伸的浮筒,所述浮筒置于所述挡板的边缘与所述顶面和底面的外围边缘之间,所述径向向外弯曲的纵向延伸的周边浮筒具有一宽度,所述宽度由下述关系决定:
其中,d是所述纵向延伸的浮筒的高度,x是所述挡板的所述宽度,y是从挡板的一边到外围边缘测量的顶面和底面的不充气的宽度,且d大于x。
2、根据权利要求1所述的转移床垫,其中所述的耐用防水剂涂料包括半固体和液体不能透过的聚合物和弹性化合物中的至少一种。
3、一种转移床垫,包括:
一顶面,其具有一宽度、一长度及纵向外围边缘;
一底面,其具有所述宽度、所述长度及纵向外围边缘和数个穿孔,其中所述顶面和底面的所述纵向外围边缘互相密封固定,所述顶面和底面由至少一面涂有防液体涂料的一层织物构成,进一步地,所述顶面和底面的至少其中之一由一层双面涂有涂料的尼龙纤维构成且其内外表面均具有一可热密封的涂料;以及
数个挡板,其每个具有一宽度和一长度并连接到所述顶面的内表面和所述底面的内表面,以便横向置于所述顶面和所述底面之间,从而界定一径向向外弯曲的纵向延伸的浮筒,所述浮筒置于所述挡板的边缘与所述顶面和底面的外围边缘之间,所述径向向外弯曲的纵向延伸的周边浮筒具有一宽度,所述宽度由下述关系决定:
其中,d是所述纵向延伸的浮筒的高度,x是所述挡板的所述宽度,y是从挡板的一边到外围边缘测量的顶面和底面的不充气的宽度,且d大于x。
4、根据权利要求1所述的转移床垫,其中所述的数个挡板每个包括一基本为矩形的片。
5、根据权利要求1所述的转移床垫,其中所述的挡板横向固定到所述顶面的内表面的一部分和所述底面的内表面的一部分。
6、根据权利要求1所述的转移床垫,其中所述顶面和底面的所述纵向外围边缘沿它们的界面热密封。
7、根据权利要求6所述的转移床垫,其中所述的热密封包括在所述顶面和底面交界的纵向外围边缘沉积热和超声能量中的至少一种,以形成一再加固的界面结构。
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US10/638,450 | 2003-08-11 | ||
US10/638,450 US6898809B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2003-08-11 | Air mattress with single perimeter seam |
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CN100589739C true CN100589739C (zh) | 2010-02-17 |
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CA (1) | CA2535324C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2528179T3 (zh) |
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MXPA06001670A (es) | 2006-05-12 |
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AU2004266583B2 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
US6898809B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 |
ES2528179T3 (es) | 2015-02-05 |
CN1867280A (zh) | 2006-11-22 |
US20050034242A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
EP1659905A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
US7373680B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 |
CA2535324C (en) | 2009-06-02 |
CA2535324A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
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