CN100589094C - Universal serial bus (USB) interface apparatus and method - Google Patents
Universal serial bus (USB) interface apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100589094C CN100589094C CN200810223496A CN200810223496A CN100589094C CN 100589094 C CN100589094 C CN 100589094C CN 200810223496 A CN200810223496 A CN 200810223496A CN 200810223496 A CN200810223496 A CN 200810223496A CN 100589094 C CN100589094 C CN 100589094C
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Abstract
The invention provides a universal serial bus interface device and a method thereof, the device is connected between a host side and an equipment side, the device comprises a data transmission converting unit, a control signal generating unit, a protocol delaying unit and a clock generating unit, wherein the data transmission converting unit is used to receive a data signal which is input by a first UTMI interface, and then the data signal generates a data signal which can be received by a second UTMI interface through a digital circuit basing on a UTMI interface protocol, the control signal generating unit is used to receive a control signal which is input by the first UTMI interface, and the control signal generates a control signal which can be received by the second UTMI interface through the digital circuit basing on the UTMI interface protocol, the protocol delaying unit performs protocol delaying to the converted signals according to parameters needed by simulation, the clock generating unit is used to generate clocks supplying for the first UTMI interface, the data transmission converting unit, the control signal generating unit and the second UTMI interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to interface communication equipment and method, particularly relate to a kind of USB interface device and method.
Background technology
At present, emulation is one of basic skills of verifying of large scale integrated circuit.Complicated day by day along with the enlarging day by day of integrated circuit scale, function, the needed time of emulation is also more and more longer.In order to accelerate emulation, industry has proposed the solution that some simulation hardwares quicken, as: (FPGA, Field-Programmable Gate Array) quickens emulation by field programmable gate array.But these schemes need all designs to comprise that verification model all can be comprehensive, yet, because USB (universal serial bus) (USB, Universal Serial Bus) 2.0 and the circuit structure of USB OTG (Universal Serial Bus On-The-Go) in comprise one can not be comprehensive physical interface PHY (physical interface), be USB simulating, verifying of the prior art use be can not be comprehensive behavioral scaling model, the simulation velocity of this model is very slow and difficulty is very big, and can't realize that simulation hardware quickens.
With reference to Fig. 1, show USB simulating, verifying of the prior art can not be comprehensive the behavioral scaling model structured flowchart.
Because utmi interface (USB2.0 Transceiver Macrocell Interface) is host-host protocol/signal separately, need be the signal that UTMI can transmit with agreement/conversion of signals by PHY, therefore in the prior art, generally be by utmi interface input agreement/signal by host side (Host Controller), PHY through host side is converted into the difference high-frequency signal with described input agreement/signal again, transfer to equipment end (Device Controller) by the USB differential bus, the PHY of equipment end receives described difference high-frequency signal, convert thereof into the receivable agreement/signal of utmi interface of equipment end, the utmi interface of described equipment end is exported described agreement/signal to equipment end.On the whole, prior art becomes other one group of receivable signal of utmi interface to one group of receivable conversion of signals of utmi interface by two PHY, and the frequency of wherein said USB differential data bus is very high, can reach the frequency of 480MHz.
But, since PHY be can not be comprehensive the digital-to-analogue mixed structure, so USB2.0, USB2.0OTG interface can't be applied to the simulation hardware speeding scheme; And, again because the frequency of the data bus of PHY is very high, but also be difficult to by using compages to realize that simulation hardware quickens.
In a word; need the urgent technical matters that solves of those skilled in the art to be exactly: how to set up a kind of USB interface device/method; to solve digital-to-analogue mixed structure that physical interface PHY this can not the be comprehensive defective in application facet, promptly USB2.0, USB2.0OTG interface can't use the difficult problem that simulation hardware quickens.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of USB interface apparatus and method; simulate the digital-to-analogue mixed structure that PHY like this can not be comprehensive with digital circuit; to realize the direct conversion of the signal between the utmi interface; thereby but the synthesization of realization USB interface model has solved the difficult problem that USB2.0, USB2.0OTG interface can't use simulation hardware to quicken.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of USB interface device, be connected between host side and the equipment end, wherein, described device comprises: the data transmission converting unit, be used to receive data-signal, and then, described data-signal generated the receivable data-signal of second utmi interface by digital circuit based on the utmi interface agreement by the input of first utmi interface; Control signal generating unit is used to receive the control signal by described first utmi interface input, and then based on described utmi interface agreement, by digital circuit described control signal is generated the receivable control signal of described second utmi interface; The agreement delay unit carries out the agreement time-delay according to the signal of the required parameter of emulation after with described conversion; Clock generating unit is used to produce the clock of supplying with described first utmi interface, described data transmission converting unit, described control signal generating unit and described second utmi interface.
Preferably, described first utmi interface is located at host side, and described second utmi interface is located at equipment end; Perhaps, described first utmi interface is located at equipment end, and described second utmi interface is located at host side.
Wherein, described control signal comprises: UTMI sends into function signal, UTMI reception enabling signal, UTMI bus state signal, UTMI reception error signal, UTMI reception useful signal, UTMI transmission useful signal, UTMI hang-up control signal, UTMI mode of operation signal, UTMI condition selection signal, UTMI transceiver selection signal.
Preferably, it is synchronous that the clock that described clock generating unit produced makes the logical block relevant with USB (universal serial bus).
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of method of USB (universal serial bus) communication protocol, and wherein, described method comprises: receive by the data-signal and the control signal of the input of first utmi interface; Convert described data-signal to second utmi interface receivable data-signal; Convert described control signal to described second utmi interface receivable control signal; The signal of delaying time and transmitting between described first utmi interface and described second utmi interface by agreement; In the said process, the logical block relevant with USB (universal serial bus) all pressed same clock synchronization.
Preferably, described first utmi interface is located at described host side, and described second utmi interface is located at described equipment end; Perhaps, described first utmi interface is located at described equipment end, and described second utmi interface is located at described host side.
Wherein, described control signal comprises: UTMI sends into function signal, UTMI reception enabling signal, UTMI bus state signal, UTMI reception error signal, UTMI reception useful signal, UTMI transmission useful signal, UTMI hang-up control signal, UTMI mode of operation signal, UTMI condition selection signal, UTMI transceiver selection signal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
At PHY can not be comprehensive the digital-to-analogue mixed structure in the defective of application facet; the invention provides a kind of USB interface device and method; set up a kind of digital circuit according to the utmi interface agreement; make host side and equipment end can get around physical interface PHY, utilize the direct communication between two UTIMI interfaces of utmi interface agreement.USB interface device and method of the present invention simulates the digital-to-analogue mixed structure that PHY like this can not be comprehensive with digital circuit; save the PHY that high frequency can not be comprehensive; make utmi interface not need to realize the direct conversion of signal by PHY; and can reach sequential relationship and time-delay same when transmit by PHY concerns; remedied PHY can not be comprehensive defective; thereby but the synthesization of realization USB interface model makes USB2.0, USB2.0OTG interface can use simulation hardware to quicken.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be USB simulating, verifying of the prior art can not be comprehensive the behavioral scaling model structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the preferred embodiment one of a kind of USB interface device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the preferred embodiment two of a kind of USB interface device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of the preferred embodiment three of a kind of USB interface device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of steps that shows the method preferred embodiment of USB interface communication protocol of the present invention of the present invention.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
So-called emulation will be converted into them specific to the uncertainty of a certain concrete level to the influence on the whole level of target by project model exactly, utilize computer model and a certain concrete level risk to estimate.Strictly speaking, emulation is a kind of experimental technique, and it utilizes the essential process that takes place in the model reproduction real system, and by the experiment of system model is studied existence or design in system, this behavior claims simulation again.Simulation process mainly comprises to be set up realistic model and carries out two steps of emulation experiment.Described realistic model is by the homologue of simulation object or its version, and it can be physical model or mathematical model.When the dangerous big of the system cost costliness of being studied, experiment or when needing long time could understand the caused consequence of system parameter variations, emulation is a kind of effective especially research means.
Usually, when simulation hardware USB interface model carries out emulation, agreement/signal that the utmi interface of host side is received normally, PHY converts the difference high-frequency signal to by the host side physical layer interface, equipment end PHY receives this difference high-frequency signal, and it is become the receivable agreement/signal of utmi interface, the utmi interface of equipment end is exported this agreement/signal.The utmi interface agreement is that the signal characteristic at USB2.0 defines, and the utmi interface module mainly is to handle the usb protocol/signal of physics bottom, can be independently as the transponder chip of PHY, but can't directly communicate between two utmi interfaces.Yet, use during USB simulating, verifying of the prior art be can not be comprehensive behavioral scaling model, the simulation hardware speed of this model is very slow, and can't realize that simulation hardware quickens.
At PHY can not be comprehensive the digital-to-analogue mixed structure in the defective of application facet; the invention provides a kind of USB interface device and method; can enough digital circuits simulate the digital-to-analogue mixed structure that PHY like this can not be comprehensive; make utmi interface not need to realize the conversion of signal by PHY; that is to say; host side and equipment end can get around physical interface PHY; and based on the direct communication between two UTIMI interfaces of utmi interface agreement; not only can reach sequential relationship and time-delay same when transmit by PHY concerns; also remedied PHY can not be comprehensive defective, make USB2.0; USB OTG can use simulation hardware to quicken.
With reference to Fig. 2, show the structured flowchart of a kind of USB interface device preferred embodiment one of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, described device is connected between host side and the equipment end, and first utmi interface is located at described host side, and second utmi interface is located at described equipment end, and described host side is sent signal, described equipment end received signal; Described device comprises data transmission converting unit, control signal generating unit, agreement delay unit and clock generating unit, wherein,
Described data transmission converting unit receives by the data-signal of described first utmi interface input, based on the interface protocol of UTMI, by digital circuit described data-signal is converted to the receivable data-signal of second utmi interface;
Described control signal generating unit receives by the control signal of described first utmi interface input, based on the interface protocol of UTMI, converts described control signal to described second utmi interface receivable control signal by digital circuit;
Described agreement delay unit according to the required parameter of emulation, carries out the agreement time-delay with the signal after the described conversion, so that when using said method carries out emulation, makes described data-signal identical with real work schedule with control signal;
In simulation process, produce the clock of supplying with described first utmi interface, described data transmission converting unit, described control signal generating unit and described second utmi interface by described clock generating unit.
With reference to Fig. 3, show the structured flowchart of a kind of USB interface device preferred embodiment two of the present invention.This preferred embodiment two is that with the difference of the foregoing description one described first utmi interface is located at described equipment end, and described second utmi interface is located at described host side.As shown in Figure 3, described equipment end is sent signal, described host side received signal, conversion and transmission course and above preferred embodiment one basic identical of signal between host side and equipment end.Because what each embodiment stressed all is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part repeats no more mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment herein.
Wherein, described control signal comprises: UTMI sends into function signal (utmitxready), UTMI receives enabling signal (utmirxactive), UTMI bus state signal (utmilinestate), UTMI receives error signal (utmirxerror), UTMI receives useful signal (utmirxvalid), UTMI sends useful signal (utmitxvalid), UTMI hangs up control signal (utmisuspendm), UTMI mode of operation signal (utmiopmode), the UTMI condition is selected signal (utmitermselect), the UTMI transceiver is selected signal (utmixcvrselect).
In specific implementation,, make all logical blocks relevant synchronous with USB by the clock that described clock generating unit produced.
Generally, USB device (Device) and main frame (Host) are when beginning to connect, be operated in full-speed state (transmission speed is 12Mbps), and USB device is after connecting, hang up recovery or resetting, all to carry out the joint detection (HS Detection Handshake) of high speed USB equipment, we can say that the joint detection of high speed USB equipment has just begun to carry out under the full-speed signal environment.The joint detection of high speed USB equipment at first indicates by handshake of transmission between described USB device and the High-speed hubs whether described USB device is high speed USB equipment, if handshake transmission success, then described USB device is a high speed USB equipment, and transmission speed can reach 480Mbps; Otherwise, give tacit consent to described USB device and be the full speed USB device.After the joint detection of high speed USB equipment finished, described USB device switched to corresponding work mode, waited for that then main frame and USB device carry out transmitting data stream.
USB device generally is to use non-return-to-zero anti-phase (NRZI, No Return Zero-Inverse) coding to carry out exchanges data with main frame.In the nrzi encoding mode, bit " 1 " is represented in the once counter-rotating of signal level, that is to say it is that a bit " 1 " is represented in a transition from the positive level to the negative level, rather than magnitude of voltage itself, and " 0 " bit is by the signal representative that does not have level to change.The nrzi encoding mode provides a kind of synchronization mechanism, runs into bit " 1 " at every turn the level transition all takes place, and each transition all makes reception come according to the actual arrival of signal clock own is weighed adjustment synchronously.
With reference to Fig. 4, show the electrical block diagram of the preferred embodiment three of a kind of USB interface device of the present invention.Main frame and USB device have one group of circuit as shown in Figure 4 respectively.In specific implementation, the circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention three shown in Figure 4 is at first judged the mode of operation of USB device, selecting signal (utmixcvrselect) and UTMI condition to select signal (utmitermselect) that USB device is carried out mode of operation by the mode of operation judgment sub-unit in the control signal generating unit by UTMI mode of operation signal (utmiopmode), UTMI transceiver judges, described mode of operation comprises: non-operating mode, full speed operation pattern and high speed operation pattern.
In different mode of operations, the frequency and the working method of each signal are had nothing in common with each other.Under non-operating mode, regardless of input signal, all output signals are disarmed state; Under the full speed operation state, UTMI sends into function signal (utmitxready) and UTMI reception enabling signal (utmirxactive) frequency is the pulse of 30MHz, be spaced apart 40 clock period, be used for simulating usb circuit PHY can not be comprehensive the pattern of digital-to-analogue mixed structure when full speed operation; Under high speed operation, utmitxready and utmirxactive are the signal of 30MHz, and response UTMI transmission useful signal (utmitxvalid), when nrzi encoding is effective, need imports data (utmidatain) according to UTMI and calculate the stand-by period.When utmidatain carried out nrzi encoding 8 fillers of generation (staff bit), utmitxready produced an interval, thus the behavior of PHY that is virtually reality like reality.
UTMI output data (utmidataout) is by utmidatain and Host, the control of Device nrzi encoding, and when Host, Device both carry out nrzi encoding or do not carry out nrzi encoding, utmidataout equals utmidatain; If have only one to carry out nrzi encoding between the two, if that is: Host carries out nrzi encoding, utmidataout equals the nrzi encoding of utmidatain, if Device carries out nrzi encoding, utmidataout equals the NRZI Gray code of utmidatain.In nrzi encoding, signal is decoded by the saltus step of adjacent code element polarity, rather than simply is as the criterion with absolute level, can obtain higher antijamming capability thus.
UTMI bus state signal (utmilinestate) expression be behavior on the USB universal serial bus, so need simulate with a clock higher than 30MHz clock, control judges whether utmidatain is carried out nrzi encoding utmilinestate according to the Host nrzi encoding, then according to these data and utmitxready, utmitxvalid judges the state of universal serial bus, thereby makes high frequency clock produce utmilinestate.
It is an overall control signal that UTMI hangs up control signal (utmisuspendm), and when it was effective, all output signals all were " 0 ", also closes clock simultaneously.Circuit enters suspended state, and all modules are not worked, and this moment, the power consumption of entire circuit can become very low; Be in the equipment of suspended state, then produce wake-up signal when detecting the busy signal on the bus, entire circuit is got back at full speed or the high speed operation state within a certain period of time.
For the error message (utmierror) of testing UTMI, use a signal to test random error, when the test signal of described random error was high level, utmierror then was a high level.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of USB interface communication protocol, with reference to Fig. 5, shows the flow chart of steps of the method preferred embodiment of USB interface communication protocol of the present invention.First utmi interface is located at host side, and second utmi interface is located at equipment end, and in this case, described host side is sent signal, described equipment end received signal.Concrete steps are as follows:
Step S501 is by first utmi interface input data signal and the control signal;
Step S502 based on the utmi interface agreement, converts the receivable data-signal of second utmi interface by digital circuit to by described data-signal;
Step S503 based on the utmi interface agreement, converts the receivable control signal of described second utmi interface by digital circuit to by described control signal;
It should be noted that step S502 and step S503 walk abreast in time.
Step S504 carries out the agreement time-delay to the signal that transmits between described first utmi interface and described second utmi interface;
When using said method carries out emulation, carry out the agreement time-delay so that described data-signal is identical with real work schedule with control signal.
Step S505 exports described data-signal and described control signal by second utmi interface;
Step S506, in the said process, the logical block relevant with USB all pressed same clock synchronization.
Be understandable that described first utmi interface is located at described equipment end, described second utmi interface is located at described host side; In this case, described equipment end is sent signal, described host side received signal.Transmission of the present invention, the preferred embodiment one of signal generation and transmission course and described method is basic identical, repeats no more herein.
USB interface device and method of the present invention; based on the utmi interface agreement; realized the function of described digital-to-analogue mixed structure by digital circuit; saved physical interface PHY can not be comprehensive the digital-to-analogue mixed structure; what solved when simulation hardware quickens PHY can not comprehensive defective of bringing and difficulty; thereby but the synthesization of realization USB interface model makes USB2.0, USB2.0OTG interface can use simulation hardware to quicken.
Need to prove, for aforesaid each method embodiment, for simple description, so it all is expressed as a series of combination of actions, but those skilled in the art should know, the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of described sequence of movement, because according to the present invention, some step can adopt other orders or carry out simultaneously.Secondly, those skilled in the art also should know, the embodiment described in the instructions all belongs to preferred embodiment, and related action and module might not be that the present invention is necessary.
Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed all is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment.
More than a kind of USB interface device and method provided by the present invention is described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, part in specific embodiments and applications all can change, as long as the equivalence of doing according to claims of the present invention changes and modifies, all still belong in the scope that the present invention contains.In sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of USB interface device is connected between host side and the equipment end, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The data transmission converting unit, be used to receive data-signal by the input of first utmi interface, and then based on the utmi interface agreement, by digital circuit described data-signal is generated the receivable data-signal of second utmi interface, wherein said first utmi interface is located at host side, and described second utmi interface is located at equipment end; Perhaps, described first utmi interface is located at equipment end, and described second utmi interface is located at host side;
Control signal generating unit is used to receive the control signal by described first utmi interface input, and then based on described utmi interface agreement, by digital circuit described control signal is generated the receivable control signal of described second utmi interface;
The agreement delay unit carries out the agreement time-delay according to the parameter that emulation is required with receivable data-signal of described second utmi interface and control signal;
Clock generating unit is used to produce the clock of supplying with described first utmi interface, described data transmission converting unit, described control signal generating unit and described second utmi interface.
2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control signal comprises:
UTMI sends into function signal, UTMI reception enabling signal, UTMI bus state signal, UTMI reception error signal, UTMI reception useful signal, UTMI transmission useful signal, UTMI hang-up control signal, UTMI mode of operation signal, UTMI condition selection signal, UTMI transceiver selection signal.
3, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the clock that described clock generating unit produced makes described first utmi interface, described data transmission converting unit, described control signal generating unit and described second utmi interface synchronous.
4, a kind of method of USB (universal serial bus) communication protocol is characterized in that, comprising:
Reception is by the data-signal and the control signal of the input of first utmi interface;
Convert described data-signal to second utmi interface receivable data-signal;
Convert described control signal to described second utmi interface receivable control signal;
By agreement delay time receivable control signal of described second utmi interface and data-signal;
In the said process, the logical block relevant with USB (universal serial bus) that comprises first utmi interface and second utmi interface is all by same clock synchronization.
5, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described first utmi interface is located at host side, and described second utmi interface is located at equipment end;
Perhaps, described first utmi interface is located at equipment end, and described second utmi interface is located at host side.
6, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described control signal comprises:
UTMI sends into function signal, UTMI reception enabling signal, UTMI bus state signal, UTMI reception error signal, UTMI reception useful signal, UTMI transmission useful signal, UTMI hang-up control signal, UTMI mode of operation signal, UTMI condition selection signal, UTMI transceiver selection signal.
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