CN100585974C

CN100585974C - Distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors

Info

Publication number: CN100585974C
Application number: CN200710012832A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田忠孝
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-09-14
Filing date: 2007-09-14
Publication date: 2010-01-27
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-14
Also published as: CN101141058A

Abstract

The invention discloses a distribution circuit voltage overdeviation protector, which comprises a voltage sampling rectification power supply (1), step-down voltage regulation rectification circuit (2), a voltage sampling circuit (3), an overdeviation voltage processor (4) and a cut-off circuit (5) of the distribution circuit of the voltage overdeviation. The protector can cut off the distribution circuit according to the set overdeviation voltage in the distribution circuit and the persistent time; in the voltage sampling circuit (3), the voltage of the stabilized voltage supply output by the step-down voltage regulation rectification circuit replaces the rated working voltage of the AC power supply and the voltage of the voltage sampling rectification power supply replaces the working voltage under various states of the distribution circuit to carry out subtraction and make the invention suitable for the protection of the line voltage and the HV distribution circuit and not limited by the electrical load capacity. The protector is arranged with a positive and negative deviation overdeviation voltage recording device, so the invention can monitor the quality of the power supply of the distribution circuit.

Description

Distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors, especially a kind of protector that can have the distribution line of electric voltage over-deviation according to the size excision in limited time of electric voltage over-deviation.

Background technology

At present, in the standard of China to the power supply quality of power supply of low-voltage distributing line regulation, its voltage deviation permissible value is | Δ U _FairThe 7%U of |=± _e, promptly the phase line overvoltage is U ' _Fair≤ 235.4V, the phase line under voltage is U " _Fair〉=204.6V; Permissible value under the failure condition is ± 10%U _e, i.e. U ' _Fair≤ 242V, U " _Fair〉=198V; U _eBe nominal operation phase voltage alternating current 220V, Δ U (being the phase line deviation voltage)=U '-U _eOr U " U _eThe high workload phase voltage that is defined as that power consumption equipment allows of the insulation coordination standard of the IEC of International Electrotechnical Commission and country is U _H=250V; Press the condition of the pertinent regulations personal safety of IEC standard and country, the limiting value of personal electric shock safe voltage is interchange 50V under the home, and must not surpass 5S.And at present domestic set voltage protection is: for the operating value of the overvoltage U ' protector of residential electricity consumption for ~ 270-280V ± 5% (or ± 5V), operate time 1S, 5S; For the under voltage U of residential electricity consumption " operating value of protector is ~ 160-180V ± 5% (or ± 5V), operate time 1S, 5S, promptly get phase line overvoltage, under voltage or overvoltage and brownout signal, various overtensions of timing turning off or low excessively distribution line; Get the neutral point or the neutral line and cross the deviation voltage signal, reach the time that can bear by power consumption equipment, improper voltage that the excision distribution line is introduced or mistake that distribution line produced or the under voltage that phase line, broken neutral line class fault take place.Owing to get the overvoltage that the protection power consumption equipment is endangered; under voltage; or when overvoltage and brownout signal; this signal is the voltage deviation sum that the phase line voltage and the neutral line are produced; for avoiding the less phase line operating voltage that occurs of distribution line load in service higher; be superimposed to when big with neutral line deviation voltage each mutually after; might make electricity consumption end phase line operating voltage higher; cause the protector misoperation; the operating value of its protector have to be made higher selection; the operating value of its protector is all greater than the regulation of quality of power supply standard, and surpassed the voltage U of the insulation coordination standard code of power consumption equipment _HAnd appearance protection dead band, excise superpotential distribution line by definite-time in addition, it also exists when higher operating voltage occurring, can not be by the requirement of the higher distribution line of its voltage of utmost point short time internal cutting off that the person and power consumption equipment institute should be able to bear, and harm power consumption equipment and personal safety; Failure voltage signal when neutral point of being taken or neutral line deviation voltage are excessive, can only be by the regulation of the insulation coordination standard of power consumption equipment, the deviation voltage of crossing that the neutral line produced to distribution line is provided with its protective device, so it can not protect comparatively balance of three-phase load, the deviation voltage that neutral point, the neutral line do not produce or produced is less, and the phase line overvoltage of each phase or under voltage are worth when excessive harm to power consumption equipment, and the protection blind area occurs; In addition, all fail both at home and abroad by the monitoring of quality of power supply standard and the quality of voltage of protection low-voltage distributing line when inferior harm to power consumption equipment.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors is provided, and this protector can excise its distribution line by the size of crossing deviation voltage in the distribution line of setting and the time that continues to exist.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

A kind of distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors comprises the voltage sampling rectifier power source, and the lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit also comprises:

One voltage sample circuit, when the voltage of distribution line surpasses rated operational voltage, at overgauge voltage signal output point output overgauge voltage signal, when the voltage of distribution line is lower than rated operational voltage, at minus deviation voltage signal output point output minus deviation voltage signal, when the voltage of distribution line and the arbitrary voltage of plus or minus deviation voltage between rated operational voltage surpass set point, exported the deviation voltage signal crossing deviation voltage signal output point;

One crosses the deviation voltage processor, receive to handle described cross the output of deviation voltage signal output point cross the deviation voltage signal, when the crossing deviation voltage and surpass the explicit value of a certain permission with the inverse time lag function of time of distribution line, the command signal of the distribution line of electric voltage over-deviation is excised in output;

The cut-off circuit of the distribution line of one electric voltage over-deviation receives the command signal of the distribution line of the described excision electric voltage over-deviation of crossing the output of deviation voltage processor, the distribution line of excision electric voltage over-deviation.

Preferred version of the present invention is:

The transformer that is used for step-down in the described lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit is fast saturation transformer.

In described voltage sample circuit, substitute the rated operational voltage of AC power by the voltage of the stabilized voltage power supply of described lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit output; By the operating voltage under the alternative various states of distribution line of the voltage of described voltage sampling rectifier power source.

In described voltage sample circuit, sampling voltage and reference voltage are carried out subtraction and draw the voltage deviation value by integrated dual operational amplifier, output overgauge or minus deviation voltage signal.

The described deviation voltage processor of crossing, comprise one can be according to the described optocoupler of crossing the big or small output corresponding signal of deviation voltage signal that receives; One receives the electric capacity that described optocoupler output voltage signal charges; The integrated package of its output counter-rotating is controlled in a charging by described electric capacity; The deviation voltage excessively of described distribution line and the inverse time lag function of time are by described electric capacity stack and integrated package identification.

As another kind of improvement the of the present invention be: the described deviation voltage processor of crossing, comprise a single-chip microcomputer and time control circuit, described single-chip microcomputer receives the described deviation voltage signal of crossing, by the time of importing that crosses deviation voltage signal and its lasting existence is calculated, and result of calculation and the data inserted are in advance compared, when result of calculation reaches predetermined value, the command signal of the distribution line of output excision electric voltage over-deviation.

Further improvement of the present invention: comprise that also an overgauge crosses the displayed record circuit of deviation voltage, receive and handle described overgauge voltage signal output point (O ₁') output the overgauge voltage signal, when the electricity of distribution line is pressed on quality of power supply standard, sending a signal shows, when the overgauge voltage of distribution line exceeds the overgauge voltage of setting, send signal and show, and spend the time that the recording device records overgauge of deviation voltage is crossed the size of deviation voltage and continued to exist by overgauge.

Can also comprise that a minus deviation crosses the displayed record circuit of deviation voltage, receive and handle described minus deviation voltage signal output point (O ₂') output the minus deviation voltage signal, when the electricity of distribution line is pressed on quality of power supply standard, sending a signal shows, when the minus deviation voltage of distribution line is lower than the minus deviation magnitude of voltage of setting, send signal and show, and spend the time that the recording device records minus deviation of deviation voltage is crossed the size of deviation voltage and continued to exist by minus deviation.

The tape deck that described plus or minus deviation is crossed deviation voltage comprises that dc permanent magnet motor, a described dc permanent magnet motor by described voltage sampling rectifier power source power supply passes to counter with turn signal by mechanical reducer, simultaneously the time of being rotated by the described dc permanent magnet motor of timer corresponding record.

Beneficial effect: the present invention is owing to adopted the foundation that judges whether to excise the distribution line of electric voltage over-deviation by the stack or the inverse time lag function conduct of spending deviation voltage and time of calculating distribution line, therefore can realize by the different time-delays that deviation voltage is determined the distribution line of corresponding mistake of excision or under voltage of crossing, overcome in the prior art and to have excised according to fixing time-delay or the shortcoming of the distribution line of under voltage, table 1 listed of the present invention some, part crosses under the deviation voltage situation maximum delay of the distribution line of excision electric voltage over-deviation;

Table 1

The deviation voltage Δ U (V) excessively of distribution line	50	75	90	110	150	220
	50	75	90	110	150	220	Excise the maximum delay time T (s) of its distribution line	5	0.6	0.45	0.36	0.27	0.17

Owing in the lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit, adopt fast saturation transformer to carry out transformation, it is stable to make the output voltage of this circuit not remained by the influence of distribution circuit electric voltage fluctuation, judges that for voltage sample circuit the deviation voltage of distribution line provides stable reference voltage; Because in voltage sample circuit, directly substitute the rated operational voltage of AC power by the voltage of the stabilized voltage power supply of lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit output, carry out subtraction with the operating voltage that substitutes under the various states of distribution line by the voltage of voltage sampling rectifier power source, make the present invention can be applicable to comparatively balance of three-phase load, the deviation voltage that neutral point, the neutral line do not produce or produced is less, and to the protection of power consumption equipment, and do not benefit from the restriction of electrical load capacity when the phase line overvoltage of each phase or under voltage are excessive; Because being provided with positive and negative deviation in protector crosses the deviation voltage tape deck, makes the present invention can monitor the power supply quality of distribution line.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention

Fig. 3 adopts single-chip microcomputer as the circuit diagram of crossing the deviation voltage processor

Fig. 4 is that overgauge is crossed deviation voltage displayed record circuit diagram

Fig. 5 is that minus deviation is crossed deviation voltage displayed record circuit diagram

Fig. 6 is the flow chart of single-chip microcomputer

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.

Among the figure: T is fast saturation transformer; V _D1-V _D11Be diode; 1V _s-4V _sBe voltage-stabiliser tube; C ₁-C ₁₁Be electric capacity; 1VT-2VT is a triode; R ₁-R ₃₄Be resistance; R _P1-R _P4Be potentiometer; LED ₁-LED ₈Be light-emitting diode (LED wherein ₅, LED ₈Be located at electrician's night shift room); C ₀₁, C ₀₂Be electric capacity 20P; XT is crystal oscillator 2MH _ZIC ₁Be integrated dual operational amplifier LM358; IC ₂Be optocoupler 4N25; IC ₃Be integrated package 7555; IC ₄, IC ₆Be optocoupler Moc-3061; IC ₅Be single-chip microcomputer PIC16C54; IC ₇, IC ₈Be integrated package 555; 1BCR, 2BCR are bidirectional triode thyristor; AK ₁, AK ₂Be push-button switch; QD ₁, QD ₂Be breaking coil (mains switch inside); 1R _Y, 2R _YBe piezo-resistance 400V; 1J, 2J are DC voltage relay 12V; 1XJ, 2XJ are signal relay 12V; 1DD, 2DD are permanent magnetic DC motor 12V; 1ZHQ, 2ZHQ are mechanical reducer, adopt the alternating-current watt-hour meter structure to change a social system; 1K, 2K are the inferior event counter of the quality of power supply of tape timer.

Fig. 1 shows schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention, and the distribution line power supply is input voltage sample circuit behind voltage sampling rectifier power source, lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit respectively, when the voltage of distribution line surpasses rated voltage, at overgauge voltage signal output point (O ₁') output overgauge voltage signal, when the voltage of distribution line is lower than rated voltage, at minus deviation voltage signal output point (O ₂') output minus deviation voltage signal, when the voltage of distribution line and the deviation between rated voltage surpass set point, crossing deviation voltage signal output point O ₃Exported the deviation voltage signal; Cross deviation voltage signal output point O ₃The deviation voltage signal of crossing of output was imported the deviation voltage processor, when distribution line cross deviation voltage and the inverse time lag function of time above the explicit value of a certain permission the time, the command signal of the distribution line of output excision electric voltage over-deviation is given the distribution line cut-off circuit of electric voltage over-deviation, the distribution line of excision electric voltage over-deviation.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention, gets voltage 220V between certain the phase line L of single phase alternating current power supply and neutral line N, and through fast saturation transformer T transformation, its secondary side is 12V, through diode V _D1 _-4After carrying out bridge rectifier, output dc voltage, just very 1V _DD, negative pole is V _SSBe connected afterwards and ground connection with the N line, through capacitor C ₁Carry out filtering, voltage-stabiliser tube 1V _SOutput direct current 12V power supply after the voltage stabilizing, the rated operational voltage U of alternative AC power _e, U _e=220V; With get phase line L through diode V _D5Carry out rectification, connecting resistance R ₁Carry out dividing potential drop, get just very 2V _DD, negative pole is V _SSDC power supply, its negative pole also is connected to AC power N, the operating voltage under the various states of alternative distribution line; 2V _DDWith V _SSResistance is equal to the potentiometer R of series connection indirectly _P1With resistance R ₂, its mid point O ₁Connecting resistance R ₄, R ₇, 1V _DDWith V _SSResistance is equal to the potentiometer R of series connection indirectly _P2With R ₃, its mid point O ₂Connecting resistance R ₅, R ₆R ₄Other end connecting resistance R ₉With integrated dual operational amplifier IC ₁Inverting input pin 2, R ₉The other end and IC ₁Output pin 1, diode V _D6Positive pole link to each other its tie point O ₁' be overgauge voltage signal output point; R ₅Other end connecting resistance R ₈With IC ₁In-phase input end pin 3, R ₈Another termination V _SSR ₆Other end connecting resistance R ₁₁With IC ₁Another inverting input pin 6, R ₁₁The other end and IC ₁Another output pin 7, diode V _D7Positive pole link to each other its tie point O ₂' be minus deviation voltage signal output point, R ₇Other end connecting resistance R ₁₀With IC ₁Another in-phase input end pin 5, R ₁₀Another termination V _SS, IC ₁Pin 4 meet V _SS, pin 8 meets 1V _DDV _D6, V _D7Negative pole meet voltage stabilizing didoe 2V after connecting mutually _SNegative pole, 2V _SAnodal connecting resistance R ₁₂, R ₁₂Another termination potentiometer R _P3, R _P3The other end form a some O ₃For crossing deviation voltage signal output point, meet optocoupler IC ₂Pin 1, IC ₂Pin 2 meet V _SS, pin 5 meets 1V _DD, pin 4 connecting resistance R ₁₃, resistance R ₁₄, capacitor C ₂, and ic chip ₃Pin 2 and pin 6, R ₁₃Another termination IC ₂Pin 6, C ₂Another termination V _SSIC ₃Pin 1 meet V _SS, pin 5 is through C ₃Meet V _SS, pin 4 meets 1V with pin 8 _DD, pin 7 meets R ₁₄The other end, output pin 3 and optocoupler IC ₄Pin 2 be connected IC ₄Pin 1 sending and receiving optical diode LED ₁Negative pole, LED ₁Anodal connecting resistance R ₁₅, R ₁₅Another termination 1V _DDIC ₄Pin 6 connecting resistance R ₁₆, R ₁₆The control utmost point of another termination bidirectional triode thyristor 1BCR, IC ₄Pin 4 connect N line, the negative electrode of 1BCR, the resistance R of AC power ₁₇With push-button switch AK ₁, the anode of 1BCR meets the breaking coil QD of communication power supply switch ₁With capacitor C ₄, piezo-resistance 1R _Y, AK ₁The other end, C ₄, 1R _YThe other end be connected to each other the back and R ₁₇The other end link to each other QD ₁The other end link to each other with the phase line L of AC power.

Integrated dual operational amplifier IC ₁For when the voltage of distribution line phase line greater than rated operational voltage time point O ₁' "+" output is arranged, when phase line voltage is lower than rated operational voltage time point O ₂' "+" output is arranged, promptly as long as line voltage U and U _eBetween have deviation voltage Δ U, its O ₁, O ₂Can detect and be equivalent to U/2, U _e/ 2 signal voltage, and get R ₄=R ₅=R ₆=R ₇, R ₈=R ₉=R ₁₀=R ₁₁=2R ₄The time, some O ₁' or O ₂' output voltage be the signal of Δ U, V _D6, V _D7Form or door, when Δ U＜16V, 2V _SCan be by the output of its signal voltage, when Δ U 〉=16V, 2V _SCan be breakdown, to optocoupler IC ₂Exported the deviation voltage signal, IC ₂Pin 4 can be by the size of this signal to C ₂Charging is when cross deviation voltage and the inverse time lag function of time of distribution line is Q above the explicit value of a certain permission _FairThe time, C ₂Can make IC ₃Pin 6 voltages surpass 8V, output pin 3 is turning reset, makes IC ₄Conducting, signal lamp LED ₁Bright, IC ₄Pin 6, pin 4 to the 1BCR trigger output voltage, after the 1RCR conducting, energized breaking coil QD ₁, drive the power supply switch be located at the electricity consumption place and cut off distribution line, take precautions against power consumption equipment by scaling loss and the safety that ensures the person.

R wherein ₁₃, R ₁₄Be discharge, feedback loop, as the deviation voltage and the function of time Q＜Q excessively of distribution line _FairThe time, be used for returned to the function of drive unit; C ₂Function with stack accumulative total Q value is as deduction R ₁₃, R ₁₄Effect after, make IC ₃Send command signal; Adjust R _P3Has selectivity function; C ₄, R ₁₇, 1R _YCan form the circuit of protecting 1BCR, AK ₁Be test button; Point O ₁, O ₂Also desirable U/n, the U of being equivalent to _eThe voltage signal of/n, but IC ₁Its gained difference all should be amplified n doubly.

Maximum conduction time of the T that is allowed by touch voltage Uj and its of the typical case person expection of the IEC of International Electrotechnical Commission " electric current is by the effect of human body " defined for guaranteeing personal safety, and uses Δ U=|U ' or U " U _e| substitute the Uj value, and the relation between Δ U and T value should be a full curve; Should be when being used to protect power consumption equipment safe by the actual needs adjustment and its curve of continuity in each electricity consumption place; Its typical action point is generally speaking: 16V≤Δ U _Moving≤ 22V promptly reliably is failure to actuate during Δ U＜16V, action message during Δ U＞22V; With Δ U=23V, T is 3600-3000S; Δ U=30V, T are 600-450S; Δ U=40V, T are 60-30S.

Crossing the deviation voltage processor can also be by a single-chip microcomputer and time control circuit as processor, described single-chip microcomputer receives the described deviation voltage signal of crossing, by the time of importing that crosses deviation voltage signal and its lasting existence is calculated, and result of calculation and the data inserted are in advance compared, when result of calculation reaches predetermined value, the command signal of the distribution line of output excision electric voltage over-deviation.

Fig. 3 adopts single-chip microcomputer as the circuit diagram of crossing the deviation voltage processor, and power supply and signal source are all drawn from Fig. 2 among the figure, the anodal 1V of DC power supply _DDMeet potentiometer R _P4, R _P4The negative pole V of another termination DC power supply _SS, R _P4Output 1V _DD' voltage is 5V, or directly inserts the D.C. regulated power supply of 5V; Single-chip microcomputer IC ₅Input pin 1 take over the signal output point O of deviation voltage ₃, output pin 6 meets optocoupler IC ₆Pin 2, pin 16, pin 15 meet the two ends of crystal oscillator XT, OSC respectively ₁Connect capacitor C ₀₁, OSC ₂Connect capacitor C ₀₂, C ₀₁With C ₀₂The other end interconnect the back and V _SSBe connected, pin 3 meets V with pin 5 _SS, pin 4 meets 1V with pin 14 _DD'; IC ₆Pin 1 sending and receiving optical diode LED ₂Negative pole, LED ₂Anodal connecting resistance R ₁₈, R ₁₈Another termination 1V _DD'; IC ₆Pin 6 connecting resistance R ₁₉, R ₁₉The control utmost point of another termination bidirectional triode thyristor 2BCR, IC ₆Pin 4 connect N line, the negative electrode of 2BCR, the resistance R of AC power ₂₀With push-button switch AK ₂, the anode of 2BCR meets the breaking coil QD of communication power supply switch ₂With capacitor C ₅, piezo-resistance 2R _Y, AK ₂The other end, C ₅, 2R _YThe other end meet R after being connected to each other ₂₀The other end, QD ₂The other end link to each other with the phase line L of AC power; Fig. 6 is the flow chart of described single-chip microcomputer.

When distribution circuit electric voltage closes in quality of power supply standard, because of O ₃The output of some no signal, so but the distribution line normal power supply; If the phase line deviation voltage Δ U of distribution line 〉=during 16V, by single-chip microcomputer IC ₅Computing and comparison, when in a certain definite time, its result is greater than a certain definite Q _FairDuring value, IC ₆Output pin 6 promptly export " 0 " current potential, signal lamp LED ₂Bright, optocoupler IC ₆Conducting, its pin 6 and pin 4 are through R ₁₉To controllable silicon 2BCR output control voltage, after the 2BCR conducting, make QD ₂Charged, the driving power switch trip, the excision electric voltage over-deviation distribution line, in order to the protection power consumption equipment by scaling loss with the person safety.

Its characteristics are: can improve the accuracy of protective device action, the operation voltage value is 16-220V by every volt, totally 205 factory sites, and its T value can be selected by the concrete condition of each engineering, its accuracy error＜0.01S.Timing control is made up of XT type crystal oscillator and two groups of 20P electric capacity; MCLR/V _PpMeet 1V _DD' electrification reset automatically.

As a further improvement on the present invention, the displayed record circuit that overgauge is crossed deviation voltage can also be set in protector, see Fig. 4, DC power supply and signal source are seen shown in Figure 2, its signal source O ₁' meet voltage-stabiliser tube 3V _SNegative pole, anodal connecting resistance R ₂₁, R ₂₁The base stage of another termination triode 1VT, the emitter of 1VT meets V _SS, the collector electrode connecting resistance R of 1VT ₂₂With diode V _D8Negative pole, R ₂₂Another termination 1V _DD, V _D8Anodal connecting resistance R ₂₃, R ₂₄With ic chip ₇Input pin 2, R ₂₃Another termination 1V _DD, R ₂₄Another termination V _SS, IC ₇Pin 1 meet V _SS, pin 5 connects capacitor C ₂, C ₂Another termination V _SS, pin 4 meets 1V after being connected to each other with pin 8 _DD, pin 6 is connected to each other back connecting resistance R with pin 7 ₂₅With capacitor C ₇, R ₂₅Another termination 1V _DD, C ₇Another termination V _SS, pin 3 is an output, connecting resistance R ₂₆With LED ₄Positive pole, R ₂₆Other end sending and receiving optical diode LED ₃Negative pole, LED ₃Positive pole meet 1V _DD, LED ₄Negative pole connecting resistance R ₂₇With capacitor C ₈Positive pole, C ₈Negative pole and R ₂₇The other end meet negative pole and the relay 1J of diode VD9, V after being connected to each other _D9Positive pole and another termination V of 1J _SSThe normal opened contact 1J of 1J ₁One termination 2V _DD, 1J ₁Other end sending and receiving optical diode LED ₅Positive pole and direct current machine 1DD, LED ₅Negative pole meet signal relay 1XJ, another termination V of 1DD and 1XJ _SS, the revolution of 1DD is by mechanical reducer 1ZHQ, and the counter 1K that drives tape timer measures.

Minus deviation can also be set in protector cross the displayed record circuit of deviation voltage, see Fig. 5.DC power supply and signal source are seen shown in Figure 2, its signal source O ₂' connect the negative pole of voltage-stabiliser tube 4Vs, the anodal connecting resistance R of 4Vs ₂₈, R ₂₈The base stage of another termination triode 2VT, the emitter of 2VT meets Vss, the collector electrode connecting resistance R of 2VT ₂₉With diode V _D10Negative pole, R ₂₉Another termination 1V _DD, V _D10Anodal connecting resistance R ₃₀, R ₃₁With ic chip ₈Input pin 2, R ₃₀Another termination 1V _DD, R ₃₁Another termination V _Ss, IC ₈Pin 1 meet V _SS, pin 5 connects capacitor C ₉, C ₉Another termination V _SS, pin 4 and pin 8 equal and 1V _DDBe connected, pin 6 is connected to each other back connecting resistance R with pin 7 ₃₂With capacitor C ₁₀, R ₃₂Another termination 1V _DD, C ₁₀Another termination V _SS, pin 3 is an output, connecting resistance R ₃₃With LED ₇Positive pole, R ₃₃Other end sending and receiving optical diode LED ₆Negative pole, LED ₆Positive pole meet 1V _DD, LED ₇Negative pole connecting resistance R ₃₄With capacitor C ₁₁Positive pole, R ₃₄The other end and C ₁₁Negative pole meet diode V after linking to each other _D11Negative pole and relay 2J, V _D11Positive pole and another termination V of 2J _SSThe normal opened contact 2J of 2J ₁One termination 2V _DD, 2J ₁Other end sending and receiving optical diode LED ₈Positive pole and direct current machine 2DD, LED ₈Negative pole meet signal relay 2XJ, another termination V of 2DD and 2XJ _SS, the revolution of 2DD measures by the inferior event counter 2K of the quality of power supply that mechanical reducer 2ZHQ drives tape timer.When the voltage deviation of distribution line closes in quality of power supply standard, Δ U≤± 7%U _eThe time, O ₁' or O ₂' plus or minus deviation voltage the signal exported is by voltage-stabiliser tube 3V _sOr 4V _sBlock, this moment 555 time-base circuits IC ₇Or IC ₈All be in reset mode, its output pin 3 output low levels, indicator light LED ₃, LED ₆Luminous, relay 1J, 2J are failure to actuate, if the deviation voltage Δ U of distribution line 〉=during 16V, 3V _SOr 4V _SBreakdown, 1VT or 2VT are switched on thereupon, its collector electrode output low level, V _D8Or V _D10Conducting makes the IC of 555 time-base circuits ₇Or IC ₈Pin 2 be in low level, 555 time-base circuit set, pin 3 output high level, this moment LED ₃Or LED ₆Extinguish signal lamp LED ₄Or LED ₇Bright, relay 1J or 2J get electric, contact 1J ₁Or 2J ₁Adhesive, 1DD or 2DD rotate by the size of the line voltage that it inserted, and the high more rotation of its voltage is fast more, slow down by 1ZHQ or 2ZHQ, drive 1K or 2K and carry out gage work, wherein the demonstration number of 1K should by (U '-Ue) the function counting of t, 2K should by (U " Ue) function of t counting; Also can be with an O ₁' or O ₂' carry out power amplification greater than the deviation voltage signal of crossing of 16V, directly drive 1DD or 2DD and carry out work, be used to show the inferior situation of its power supply quality of power supply; In addition, 1J ₁Or 2J ₁Also can connect LED simultaneously ₅With 1XJ or LED ₈With 2XJ, make light, the display circuit work of being located at electrician's night shift room, point out person on duty should carry out pressure regulation, make the U value conform with quality of power supply standard, can improve the useful life of power consumption equipment greatly;

Among Fig. 4, Fig. 5: R ₂₅, C ₇With R ₃₂, C ₁₀Make IC when switching on first ₇, IC ₈Reliable reset circuit, R ₂₇, V _D9, C ₈With R ₃₄, V _D11, C ₁₁Can effectively reduce the oneself power consumption of relay 1J, 2J.

As long as change the no-load voltage ratio of fast saturation transformer T and the divider resistance R of voltage sampling rectification power circuit ₁Size, the present invention also is suitable for the protection to line voltage, high-tension distributing line.

Claims

1. a distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors comprises voltage sampling rectifier power source (1), and lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit (2) is characterized in that also comprising:

One voltage sample circuit (3) is when the voltage of distribution line surpasses rated operational voltage, at overgauge voltage signal output point (O ₁') output overgauge voltage signal, when the voltage of distribution line is lower than rated operational voltage, at minus deviation voltage signal output point (O ₂') output minus deviation voltage signal, when the voltage of distribution line and the arbitrary voltage of plus or minus deviation voltage between rated operational voltage surpass set point, crossing deviation voltage signal output point (O ₃) exported the deviation voltage signal;

One crosses deviation voltage processor (4), receive to handle described cross the output of deviation voltage signal output point cross the deviation voltage signal, when the crossing deviation voltage and surpass the explicit value of a certain permission with the inverse time lag function of time of distribution line, the command signal of the distribution line of electric voltage over-deviation is excised in output; The cut-off circuit of the distribution line of one electric voltage over-deviation (5) receives the command signal of the distribution line of the described excision electric voltage over-deviation of crossing the output of deviation voltage processor, the distribution line of excision electric voltage over-deviation.

2. distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the transformer that is used for step-down in the described lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit (2) is fast saturation transformer.

3. distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in described voltage sample circuit (3), substituted the rated operational voltage of AC power by the voltage of the stabilized voltage power supply of described lowering and stabilizing blood pressure rectification circuit output; By the operating voltage under the alternative various states of distribution line of the voltage of described voltage sampling rectifier power source.

4. distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in described voltage sample circuit (3) by integrated dual operational amplifier (IC ₁) sampling voltage and rated operational voltage are carried out subtraction draw the voltage deviation value, output overgauge or minus deviation voltage signal.

5. according to each described distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors of claim 1 to 4; it is characterized in that: the described deviation voltage processor (4) of crossing, comprise one can be according to the described optocoupler (IC that crosses the big or small output corresponding signal of deviation voltage signal that receives ₂); One receives the electric capacity (C that described optocoupler output voltage signal charges ₂); One by described electric capacity (C ₂) charging control the integrated package (IC of its output counter-rotating ₃); The deviation voltage excessively and the inverse time lag function of time of described distribution line are by described electric capacity (C ₂) stack and integrated package (IC ₃) identification.

6. according to each described distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the described deviation voltage processor (4) of crossing comprises a single-chip microcomputer (IC ₅) and time control circuit, described single-chip microcomputer (IC ₅) the described deviation voltage signal of crossing of reception, by the time of importing that crosses deviation voltage signal and its lasting existence is calculated, and result of calculation and the data inserted are in advance compared, when result of calculation reaches predetermined value, the command signal of the distribution line of output excision electric voltage over-deviation.

7. distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise that also an overgauge crosses the displayed record circuit (6) of deviation voltage, receive and handle described overgauge voltage signal output point (O ₁') output the overgauge voltage signal, when the electricity of distribution line is pressed on quality of power supply standard, sending a signal shows, when the overgauge voltage of distribution line exceeds the overgauge voltage of setting, send signal and show, and spend the time that the recording device records overgauge of deviation voltage is crossed the size of deviation voltage and continued to exist by overgauge.

8. according to claim 1 or 7 described distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors, it is characterized in that: comprise that also a minus deviation crosses the displayed record circuit (7) of deviation voltage, receive and handle described minus deviation voltage signal output point (O ₂') output the minus deviation voltage signal, when the electricity of distribution line is pressed on quality of power supply standard, sending a signal shows, when the minus deviation voltage of distribution line is lower than the minus deviation magnitude of voltage of setting, send signal and show, and spend the time that the recording device records minus deviation of deviation voltage is crossed the size of deviation voltage and continued to exist by minus deviation.

9. distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors according to claim 7; it is characterized in that: the tape deck that described overgauge is crossed deviation voltage comprises a dc permanent magnet motor (1DD) by described voltage sampling rectifier power source (1) power supply; described dc permanent magnet motor (1DD) passes to counter (1K) with turn signal by mechanical reducer (1ZHQ), simultaneously the time of being rotated by the described dc permanent magnet motor of timer corresponding record.

10. distribution circuit electric voltage over-deviation protectors according to claim 8; it is characterized in that: the tape deck that described minus deviation is crossed deviation voltage comprises a dc permanent magnet motor (2DD) by described voltage sampling rectifier power source (1) power supply; described dc permanent magnet motor (2DD) passes to counter (2K) with turn signal by mechanical reducer (2ZHQ), simultaneously the time of being rotated by the described dc permanent magnet motor of timer corresponding record.