CN100585932C - Plane type fuel cells - Google Patents
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- CN100585932C CN100585932C CN200710103940A CN200710103940A CN100585932C CN 100585932 C CN100585932 C CN 100585932C CN 200710103940 A CN200710103940 A CN 200710103940A CN 200710103940 A CN200710103940 A CN 200710103940A CN 100585932 C CN100585932 C CN 100585932C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Disclosed is a flat fuel cell assembly, comprising a membrane cell assembly, a cathodic porous collector layer, an anodic porous collector layer and an air blocking material layer; wherein the membrane cell assembly is provided with a proton exchange membrane, an anodic catalyst layer, a cathodic catalyst layer, an anodic gas diffusion layer and a cathodic gas diffusion layer; the anodic catalyst layer and the athodic catalyst layer are respectively arranged at the two sides of the proton exchange membrane; the anodic gas diffusion layer and the cathodic gas diffusion layer are arranged respectively on the anodic gas diffusion layer and the cathodic gas diffusion layer; the cathodic porous collector layer is arranged at one side of the cathodic gas diffusion layer and the anodic porous collector layer is arranged at one side of the anodic gas diffusion layer; in addition, the air blocking material layer is arranged on the cathodic gas diffusion layer and is provided with at least one hole which is exposed at the surface of the cathodic porous collector layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure of fuel cell, and particularly relate to a kind of flat fuel cell group.
Background technology
Along with progress of industry, the consumption of traditional energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas continues to raise, because the storage of natural energy source is limited, therefore must research and development new alternative energy source to be replacing traditional energy, and fuel cell is a kind of important and selection of having practical value.
In simple terms, fuel cell is a kind ofly to utilize the back reaction of water electrolysis and chemical energy is converted to the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric energy basically.With Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, it mainly is to be made of mea (membrane electrode assembly is called for short MEA) and two battery lead plates.Mea be by proton exchange membrane (proton exchange membrance), anode catalyst layer, cathode catalyst layer, anode gas diffusion layer (gas diffusion layer, GDL) and cathode gas diffusion layer constitute.Wherein, above-mentioned anode catalyst layer and cathode catalyst layer are disposed at the both sides of proton exchange membrane respectively, and anode gas diffusion layer and cathode gas diffusion layer are separately positioned on anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer.In addition, two battery lead plates comprise anode and negative electrode, and it is disposed at respectively on anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
The common Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of industry is direct methanol fuel cell (DirectMethanol Fuel Cell at present, be called for short DMFC), it is directly to use methanol aqueous solution to be used as the fuel supply source, and reacts via the related electrode of methyl alcohol and oxygen and to produce electric current.The reaction equation of direct methanol fuel cell is as follows:
Anode: CH
3OH+H
2O → CO
2+ 6H
++ 6e
-
Negative electrode: 3/2O
2+ 6H
++ 6e
-→ 3H
2O
During reaction, anode can consume 1 mole water, and negative electrode can produce 3 moles water, and the water that reaction is produced will remove immediately, can not be trapped on the surface of catalyst layer, so can make fuel cell continue to react, to produce electric current.
About the water management in the fuel cell, industry has proposed multiple processing mode.For example, exercise question is the early stage publication number 2005/0079398A1 of the U.S. Patent application of " FUEL CELL " (U.S.Pub.No.2005/0079398A1), its content discloses, and can use devices such as pump (pump), fin, fan in addition, and the water that is produced in the fuel cell is shifted out.Yet this way can increase cost, and can cause the volume of whole assembly excessive, and can't miniaturization.In addition, exercise question is the early stage publication number 2004/0209154A1 of U.S. Patent application (U.S.Pub.No.2004/0209154A1) of " PASSIVE WATERMANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN DIRECT METHANOL FULE CELLS ", its content discloses, the hydrophobic material layer that has micropore in the configuration of the negative electrode outside, make the water of negative electrode produce back pressure betwixt, then utilize the pressure differential of proton exchange membrane both sides, water can be infiltrated into anode, make it can be in the fuel battery inside cycle applications.But this mode causes water blockage in micropore or irretrievable problem easily.Therefore, the manufacture difficulty of this method is higher, and even can cause air to enter smoothly, and then the power output of fuel cell is affected.
Another kind about the water management in the fuel cell is the fuel cell that No. 2006/101071 communique of Japan Patent WO is put down in writing.The content of this patent discloses, and the cathode side of fuel cell is provided with air chamber (air chamber), and is filled with the film of preserving moisture (humidity-holdingsheet) in air chamber.The effect of film of preserving moisture mainly is to suppress the water generates that cathode side produced to evapotranspire, and then the moisture reserves in the cathode catalyst layer are increased.By the osmotic pressure phenomenon, can promote the water that in cathode catalyst layer, generates to move to anode catalyst layer.
In addition, the fuel cell that the liquid fuel gasification composition is supplied to the mode of catalyst layer that Japan Patent WO 2005/112172A1 communique is put down in writing, its content discloses, the anode construction of fuel cell need include the fuel storage groove, fuel gasification layer and vaporising fuel reception room etc., so that liquid fuel can gasify, then be provided with the layer of preserving moisture with suitable moisture permeability and air permeability at cathode side, layer is for having the porous material of even micro-pore but this is preserved moisture, very easily block hole on the layer of preserving moisture during actual the use because of condensation of moisture, and then make gas to enter, influence the power output of fuel cell.
So from the above, water management is the important key technology of fuel cell, has therefore become one of problem that present industry does one's utmost to develop.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flat fuel cell group, can make the water of cathode portion diffuse to anode part and re-use, and manufacture method is simple, and the energy conversion efficiency that can improve fuel.
For reaching above-mentioned or other purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of flat fuel cell group, and this flat fuel cell group comprises mea, negative electrode porous current collection layer, anode porous current collection layer and gas-barrier material layer.Wherein, mea has proton exchange membrane, anode catalyst layer, cathode catalyst layer, anode gas diffusion layer and cathode gas diffusion layer, and anode catalyst layer and cathode catalyst layer are disposed at the both sides of proton exchange membrane respectively, and anode gas diffusion layer and cathode gas diffusion layer are separately positioned on anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer.Negative electrode porous current collection layer is disposed at cathode gas diffusion layer one side of mea.Anode porous current collection layer is disposed at anode gas diffusion layer one side of mea.In addition, the gas-barrier material layer is disposed on the negative electrode porous current collection layer, and has at least one perforate that exposes negative electrode porous current collection layer surface in the gas-barrier material layer.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the percent opening of said gas-blocking material layer is between 0.5%～60%.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the material of said gas-blocking material layer comprises polyesters macromolecule or TPO macromolecule.Wherein, the polyesters macromolecule for example be polyethylene terephthalate (polyethylene terephthalate, PET) or polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile, PAN).The TPO macromolecule for example be polyethylene (polyethylene, PE), polypropylene (polypropylene, PP) or other can be used for the gas-barrier material of perforate processing.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of said gas-blocking material layer is between 10 μ m～5mm.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, there is the gap between said gas-blocking material layer and the negative electrode porous current collection layer.As mentioned above, the width in gap is between 0～1cm.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the said gas-blocking material layer contacts with negative electrode porous current collection layer.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, further comprise hydrophobic porous material layer, it is configured between negative electrode porous current collection layer and the gas-barrier material layer.The material of this hydrophobic porous material layer for example is polytetrafluoroethylene (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE), polypropylene (polypropylene, PP) or polyether sulfone (polyethersulfone, PES) or surface and hole are coated with the relevant materials of hydrophobic treatment.In one embodiment, hydrophobic porous material layer covers on the negative electrode porous current collection layer comprehensively.In another embodiment, hydrophobic porous material layer is positioned on the negative electrode porous current collection layer that perforate exposed of gas-barrier material layer.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the material of above-mentioned proton exchange membrane for example is a polymeric membrane.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the material of above-mentioned anode catalyst layer for example is the carbon material particulate of platinum/ruthenium alloy, outer platinum plating/ruthenium alloy or the carbon material particulate of outer platinum plating.
According to the described flat fuel cell group of the embodiment of the invention, the material of above-mentioned cathode catalyst layer for example is the carbon material particulate of platinum alloy, outer platinum plating alloy or the carbon material particulate of outer platinum plating.
Flat fuel cell group of the present invention is the gas-barrier material layer that configuration has at least one perforate on negative electrode porous current collection layer, make the water of cathode catalyst layer can diffuse to anode catalyst layer, utilize again with the water that reclaims cathode catalyst layer, therefore manufacture is comparatively simple, and required assembly is less, so can save manufacturing cost.And the present invention need not change the internal structure of the mea in the existing fuel cell.On the other hand, flat fuel cell group of the present invention can use the fuel of high concentration to react, and so can improve the energy conversion efficiency of fuel.In addition, flat fuel cell group of the present invention also is included in the hydrophobic porous material layer of configuration between negative electrode porous current collection layer and the gas-barrier material layer, and it can make and have high and uniform humidity on the gas-barrier material layer, so that can improve the backwater effect better.
For above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, embodiment cited below particularly, and conjunction with figs. are described in detail below.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that one embodiment of the invention illustrated.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that another embodiment of the present invention illustrated.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the evaporation of water mechanism that the cathode catalyst layer side of flat fuel cell group of the present invention is produced.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that further embodiment of this invention illustrated.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that yet another embodiment of the invention illustrated.
Description of reference numerals
100,100 ', 200,200 ': plane 126: the peripheral region of perforate
Fuel battery
102: mea 202,202 ': hydrophobic porous material layer
104: negative electrode porous current collection layer 111: anode catalyst layer
106: anode porous current collection layer 112: anode gas diffusion layer
108,108 ', 122: gas-barrier material layer 113: cathode catalyst layer
110: proton exchange membrane 114: cathode gas diffusion layer
118,120,128: evaporation paths 116,116 ', 124: perforate
D: gap width
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that one embodiment of the invention illustrated.Please refer to Fig. 1, flat fuel cell group 100 comprises mea (MEA) 102, negative electrode porous current collection layer 104, anode porous current collection layer 106 and gas-barrier material layer 108.Wherein, mea 102 has proton exchange membrane 110, anode catalyst layer 111, cathode catalyst layer 113, anode gas diffusion layer 112 and cathode gas diffusion layer 114, and anode catalyst layer 111 and cathode catalyst layer 113 are disposed at the both sides of proton exchange membrane 110 respectively, and anode gas diffusion layer 112 is separately positioned on anode catalyst layer 111 and the cathode catalyst layer 113 with cathode gas diffusion layer 114.The material of above-mentioned anode catalyst layer 111 for example is carbon material particulate or other suitable material of the carbon material particulate of platinum/ruthenium alloy (Pt/Ru), outer platinum plating/ruthenium alloy, outer platinum plating, and the material of cathode catalyst layer 113 for example is carbon material particulate or other suitable material of the carbon material particulate of platinum alloy, outer platinum plating alloy, outer platinum plating.Proton exchange membrane 110 is to be used for being used as the dielectric film that transmits proton, and the material of proton exchange membrane 110 for example is a polymeric membrane, the Nafion film (trade name) that for example uses Dupont (DuPont) company to produce.
Anode porous current collection layer 106 is disposed at anode gas diffusion layer 112 1 sides of mea 102.The material of anode porous current collection layer 106 for example is an electric conducting material, and it for example uses titanium (Ti) and alloy thereof.Negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 is disposed at cathode gas diffusion layer 114 1 sides of mea 102.In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 is for example used electric conducting material, and it for example is titanium and alloy thereof.
The flat fuel cell group 100 of present embodiment also comprises gas-barrier material layer 108, and it is disposed on the negative electrode porous current collection layer 104, and gas-barrier material layer 108 contacts with negative electrode porous current collection layer 104.The material of gas-barrier material layer 108 comprises polyesters macromolecule or TPO macromolecule.Wherein, the polyesters macromolecule for example is polyethylene terephthalate or polyacrylonitrile, and the TPO macromolecule for example is that polyethylene, polypropylene or other can be used for the gas-barrier material of perforate processing.The thickness of gas-barrier material layer is for example between 10 μ m～5mm.In an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of gas-barrier material layer 108 for example is about 100 μ m.The effect of gas-barrier material layer 108 is the evaporation of water speed that control reaction back cathode catalyst layer 113 is produced, make the water of cathode catalyst layer 113 diffuse to anode catalyst layer 111, and the reaction that makes the water of cathode catalyst layer 113 can offer anode catalyst layer 111 is used through proton exchange membrane 110.
Having at least one perforate that exposes negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 surfaces in the gas-barrier material layer 108, is to be that example describes to have illustrated a plurality of perforates 116 in the present embodiment.And, in an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of perforate 116 is not done to limit especially.Because, flat fuel cell group of the present invention can be reacted at cathode catalyst layer 113 and be produced water, therefore the size of the perforate 116 of gas-barrier material layer 108 must consider will prevent to cause waterflooding, and to avoid water to cause perforate 116 obstructions on the experience, then the shortest aperture of perforate 116 must be greater than the twice of gas-barrier material layer 108 thickness.That is be, if perforate 116 is a round hole, then its diameter needs the twice greater than gas-barrier material layer 108 thickness, in the present embodiment, the diameter of perforate 116 is approximately greater than 200 μ m; If perforate 116 is the rectangle perforate, then the length of its minor face must be greater than the twice of gas-barrier material layer 108 thickness, and in the present embodiment, the length of the minor face of perforate 116 is about greater than 200 μ m.
Whole percent opening in the gas-barrier material layer 108 is between 0.5%～60%, and in an embodiment of the present invention, the percent opening of gas-barrier material layer 108 for example is about about 5%.Below will utilize formula to calculate the appropriateness of the percent opening that describes gas-barrier material layer of the present invention in detail.Generally speaking, when the fuel electrode group produced 1 ampere of (A) electric current, cathode catalyst layer needed the oxygen (O of 3.5 ml/min (ml/min)
2) participate in reaction, that is be, approximately need the air capacity of 17.4ml/min, then this gas flow must be increased about 1.1～4 times at least in the practical application, enter cathode catalyst layer to guarantee enough oxygen.The ventilative degree that the gas-barrier material layer is possessed can be estimated with following diffusion formula:
Wherein, i is the magnitude of current that unit are produces, and unit is (A/cm
2); N is mole (mole) number, and in the reaction of cathode catalyst layer, 1 mole of oxygen is corresponding to 4 moles electronics, so the n value is 4; F is coulomb (coul) amount of every mole of electronics, and its value is about 96500 coulombs/mole; D is diffusion coefficient (diffusion coefficient), and its unit is (cm
2/ s), generally the diffusion coefficient of oxygen is about 0.2～0.3cm in air
2/ s; Δ C is a concentration difference, and unit is (mole/cm
3), in 1 atmospheric pressure normal temperature environment, 1 cubic centimeter has 8.6 * 10 approximately
-6The oxygen of mole; Δ y is a diffusion path length, and unit is a rice.With the gas-barrier material layer thickness is 1 * 10
-2Rice, the percent opening of gas-barrier material layer are 1% for example, and the current value i that then uses equation (1) to be calculated is 660mA/cm
2, this value also must be divided by 1.1～4, and it enough supplies many situations required energy output.
In addition, please refer to Fig. 2, it is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that another embodiment of the present invention illustrated.As shown in Figure 2, the flat fuel cell group 100 ' of present embodiment is similar with the flat fuel cell group 100 of the foregoing description, only the main difference of the two is: the gas-barrier material layer 108 ' of flat fuel cell group 100 ' is disposed on the negative electrode porous current collection layer 104, has a plurality of perforates 116 ' that expose negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 surfaces in the gas-barrier material layer 108 '.And, there is gap (gap) between gas-barrier material layer 108 ' and the negative electrode porous current collection layer 104.The width d in above-mentioned gap is between 0～1.5cm.
Flat fuel cell group of the present invention only needs to dispose the gas-barrier material layer with perforate on negative electrode porous current collection layer, and the percent opening of gas-barrier material layer is in proper range, therefore cathode catalyst layer can be reduced water evaporates, and then the formation cathode catalyst layer is to the differences in concentration gradient of anode catalyst layer, cause the moisture anode catalyst layer direction diffusion of cathode catalyst layer, reach the water that makes cathode catalyst layer and be recycled to the purpose that anode catalyst layer re-uses, therefore manufacture is comparatively simple, and the required assembly of whole fuel cell is less, so can save manufacturing cost.On the other hand, the present invention need not change the internal structure of the mea in the existing fuel cell, promptly can be simply and the effective and efficient manner water that carries out cathode catalyst layer reclaim.
It should be noted that because flat fuel cell group of the present invention can make the water of cathode catalyst layer be recycled to anode catalyst layer and re-use, therefore can use the fuel of high concentration to react, can improve the energy conversion efficiency of fuel thus.
Then, will describe the water recovery method of the cathode catalyst layer of flat fuel cell group with the flat fuel cell group 100 of Fig. 1 in detail.
Please, fuel is imported in the anode porous current collection layer 106, in this embodiment, be to use methyl alcohol (MeOH) aqueous solution to be used as fuel referring again to Fig. 1.Certainly, the fuel of flat fuel cell group of the present invention also for example is to use ethanol, propyl alcohol or other suitable fuel.In addition, air is entered by the perforate 116 of gas-barrier material layer 108, through negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 and cathode gas diffusion layer 114, and is passed to cathode catalyst layer 113.Effect via anode catalyst layer 111 can make the methanol aqueous solution reaction produce proton (H+), electronics (e-) and carbon dioxide (CO
2).The above-mentioned proton that produces can be via proton exchange membrane 110 to cathod catalyst layer 113 side, and electronics then arrives cathode catalyst layer 113 sides via external circuit, and can form water (H with the oxygen that air is provided via the effect of cathode catalyst layer 113
2O).After cathode catalyst layer 113 water generation reactions, gas-barrier material layer 108 may command are accumulated in the evaporation of water speed of cathode catalyst layer 113 sides, form the concentration difference of the water of proton exchange membrane 110 the right and lefts, make the water of cathode catalyst layer 113 sides diffuse to anode catalyst layer 111 sides, reach the target of backwater.
More specifically, please refer to Fig. 3, the evaporation of water mechanism that its cathode catalyst layer side that has illustrated flat fuel cell group of the present invention is produced.Only show the gas-barrier material layer among Fig. 3, and omit other member that shows the flat fuel cell group.As shown in Figure 3, at the water vapour that diverse location produces, its evaporation paths can be different.The a part of water vapour that cathode catalyst layer reaction is generated can pass the perforate 124 of gas-barrier material layer 122 and is sent in the atmosphere along evaporation paths 118,120.In addition, shown in evaporation paths 128, remaining water vapour then can be stopped by gas-barrier material layer 122.Hence one can see that, and the gas-barrier material layer of flat fuel cell group of the present invention can be in order to reducing the evaporation rate of whole water vapour, to improve humidity and then to reach the purpose of backwater.
Referring again to Fig. 3, can understand that please the peripheral region 126 of the perforate 124 of gas-barrier material layer 122 is relatively dry zones by evaporation paths 118,120,128.That is be that the humidity of the peripheral region 126 of perforate 124 can be lower than the humidity of the gas-barrier material layer 122 of remainder.Therefore, in order to improve the backwater effect better, also configurable in flat fuel cell group of the present invention have a hydrophobic porous material layer.Below, especially exemplified by going out a plurality of embodiment to be elaborated.
Please refer to Fig. 4, it is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that another embodiment of the present invention illustrated.As shown in Figure 4, the flat fuel cell group 200 of present embodiment is similar with the flat fuel cell group 100 of Fig. 1, and only the main difference of the two is: flat fuel cell group 200 also includes hydrophobic porous material layer 202.Hydrophobic porous material layer 202 is configured between negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 and the gas-barrier material layer 108, and covers on the negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 comprehensively.The material of hydrophobic porous material layer 202 for example is the relevant materials that polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyether sulfone or surface and hole are coated with hydrophobic treatment.The thickness of hydrophobic porous material layer 202 for example is about 100 μ m～2mm.Because this hydrophobic porous material layer 202 has the function that can keep water vapour, thus can make gas-barrier material layer 108 perforate 116 under and the evaporation rate of peripheral region reduce.In other words, can there be the zone of relatively dry in perforate 116 peripheral regions of gas-barrier material layer 108, and can has high and uniform humidity on the gas-barrier material layer 108, can make backwater better effects if ground raising and more stable thus.
Please refer to Fig. 5, it is the structural representation according to the flat fuel cell group that further embodiment of this invention illustrated.As shown in Figure 5, the flat fuel cell group 200 ' of present embodiment is similar with the flat fuel cell group 100 of Fig. 1, and only the main difference of the two is: flat fuel cell group 200 ' also comprises hydrophobic porous material layer 202 '.Hydrophobic porous material layer 202 ' is configured between negative electrode porous current collection layer 104 and the gas-barrier material layer 108, and is positioned on the negative electrode porous current collection layer 108 that the perforate 116 of gas-barrier material layer 104 exposed.The material of hydrophobic porous material layer 202 ' for example is the relevant materials that polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyether sulfone or surface and hole are coated with hydrophobic treatment.The thickness of hydrophobic porous material layer 202 ' for example is about 100 μ m～2mm.This hydrophobic porous material layer 202 ' not only can reduce under the perforate 116 of gas-barrier material layer 108 and the evaporation rate of peripheral region, to improve the backwater effect; And hydrophobic porous material layer 202 ' also can make the water vapour horizontal proliferation of gas-barrier material layer 108 below, helps so equally to make to have high and uniform humidity on the gas-barrier material layer 108.
In addition, actual test data of the present invention can be as shown in Table 1.The test result that comprises comparative example 1～2 and experimental example 1～7 in the table one, wherein comparative example 1～2nd, and the test of being done with the flat fuel cell group that does not dispose the gas-barrier material layer, and experimental example 1～2,3～4,5～6th are the test that the flat fuel cell group of the gas-barrier material layer of 100 μ m, 200 μ m, 400 μ m is done to dispose thickness respectively.7 of experimental examples are the tests that the hydrophobic porous material layer of the gas-barrier material layer of flat fuel cell configuration set thickness 100 μ m and 500 μ m is done.
Table one
| Gas-barrier material layer thickness (μ m) | Gas-barrier material layer percent opening | Fuel concentration (vol.%) | Actual anode water consumption/theoretical anode water consumption | |
| Comparative example 1 | Do not have | 100％ | 3 | 2.13 |
| Comparative example 2 | Do not have | 100％ | 10 | 12.41 |
| Experimental example 1 | 100 | 3％ | 10 | -0.25 |
| Experimental example 2 | 100 | 4％ | 8.5 | -0.02 |
| Experimental example 3 | 200 | 21％ | 10 | -2.56 |
| Experimental example 4 | 200 | 11％ | 10 | -2.97 |
| Experimental example 5 | 400 | 21％ | 10 | -2.74 |
| Experimental example 6 | 400 | 11％ | 10 | -3.14 |
| Experimental example 7 | The 100 μ m gas-barrier material layers+hydrophobic porous material layer of 500 μ m | 5％ | 10 | -6.28 |
By the test result of comparative example 1～2 as can be known, the flat fuel cell group that does not dispose the gas-barrier material layer can't reach the effect of negative electrode recycle-water.By the test result of experimental example 1 as can be known, the thickness of gas-barrier material layer is that 100 μ m, percent opening are 3%, actual anode water consumption/theoretical anode water consumption is-0.25, and the water yield that its expression is reclaimed from negative electrode also can reach the effect of negative electrode recycle-water greater than the water yield of anode consumption.Hence one can see that, the water of the certain recyclable cathode catalyst layer of flat fuel cell group of the present invention and utilizing again.
In addition, by experimental example 3,4 and experimental example 5,6 as can be known, when the thickness of gas-barrier material layer was identical, the effect of the more little then negative electrode of percent opening recycle-water was good more.In addition, know all that by the test result of experimental example 5 and 6, experimental example 7 and 8, experimental example 9 and 10 percent opening is more little, then the effect of negative electrode recycle-water is good more.In addition, can know that the heal effect of thick then negative electrode recycle-water of the thickness of gas-barrier material layer is better by the test result of experimental example 3,5 and experimental example 4,6.
In addition, can know in gas-barrier material layer inboard by comparative experiments example 1,2 and experimental example 7 and to add hydrophobic porous material layer, can obtain better negative electrode backwater effect.
Thickness, percent opening and the fuel concentration of gas-barrier material layer all can influence the number that negative electrode reclaims the water yield as can be known by the test result of table one.Generally speaking, the thickness of gas-barrier material layer is thicker, percent opening is littler, all can make evaporated quantity of water fewer, and the moisture concentration of cathode side is just higher, and the fuel concentration of anode-side is higher, then more helps forming water spreads back anode from negative electrode concentration gradient.Therefore if can suitably arrange in pairs or groups these conditions, flat fuel cell group then of the present invention can reach the water that makes cathode catalyst layer and be recycled to the purpose that anode catalyst layer uses.
In sum, the present invention has following advantage at least:
1. manufacture of the present invention is comparatively simple, and the required assembly of whole fuel cell system is less, so can save manufacturing cost.
2. the present invention need not change the internal structure of existing mea, promptly can be simply and effective and efficient manner carry out the recovery of the water of cathode catalyst layer.
3. the present invention can use the fuel of high concentration to react, and so can improve the energy conversion efficiency of fuel.
Though the present invention discloses as above with embodiment, so it is not in order to limit the present invention.Any the technical staff in the technical field of the invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, Ying Kezuo changes arbitrarily and retouching, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with appended claims institute restricted portion.
Claims (16)
1. flat fuel cell group comprises:
Mea, this mea has proton exchange membrane, anode catalyst layer, cathode catalyst layer, anode gas diffusion layer and cathode gas diffusion layer, wherein this anode catalyst layer and this cathode catalyst layer are disposed at the both sides of this proton exchange membrane respectively, and this anode gas diffusion layer and this cathode gas diffusion layer are separately positioned on this anode catalyst layer and this cathode catalyst layer;
Negative electrode porous current collection layer is disposed at this cathode gas diffusion layer one side of this mea;
Anode porous current collection layer is disposed at this anode gas diffusion layer one side of this mea; And
The gas-barrier material layer is disposed on this negative electrode porous current collection layer, and has at least one perforate that exposes negative electrode porous current collection layer surface in this gas-barrier material layer.
2. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the percent opening of this gas-barrier material layer is between 0.5%～60%.
3. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of this gas-barrier material layer comprises polyesters macromolecule or TPO macromolecule.
4. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 3, wherein this polyesters macromolecule comprises polyethylene terephthalate or polyacrylonitrile.
5. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 3, wherein this TPO macromolecule comprises polyethylene or polypropylene.
6. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of this gas-barrier material layer is between 10 μ m～5mm.
7. wherein there is the gap in flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1 between this gas-barrier material layer and this negative electrode porous current collection layer.
8. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 7, wherein the width in this gap is greater than 0 and less than 1.5cm.
9. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein this gas-barrier material layer contacts with this negative electrode porous current collection layer.
10. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1 further comprises the hydrophobic porous material layer that is configured between this negative electrode porous current collection layer and this gas-barrier material layer.
11. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 10, wherein this hydrophobic porous material layer covers on this negative electrode porous current collection layer comprehensively.
12. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 10, wherein this hydrophobic porous material layer is positioned on the negative electrode porous current collection layer that perforate exposed of this gas-barrier material layer.
13. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 10, wherein the material of this hydrophobic porous material layer comprises polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene or polyether sulfone.
14. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of this proton exchange membrane comprises polymeric membrane.
15. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of this anode catalyst layer comprises the carbon material particulate of platinum/ruthenium alloy, outer platinum plating/ruthenium alloy or the carbon material particulate of outer platinum plating.
16. flat fuel cell group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of this cathode catalyst layer comprises the carbon material particulate of platinum alloy, outer platinum plating alloy or the carbon material particulate of outer platinum plating.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710103940A CN100585932C (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Plane type fuel cells |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710103940A CN100585932C (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Plane type fuel cells |
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| CN101771162B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2016-01-20 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Flat fuel cell group |
| CN108336382B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-05-18 | 东南大学 | Hydrogen fuel cell using graphene black phosphorus heterojunction as electrode and preparation method thereof |
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