CN100583904C - Automatic configuration method for host address in IPV6 network - Google Patents
Automatic configuration method for host address in IPV6 network Download PDFInfo
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- CN100583904C CN100583904C CN200610034143A CN200610034143A CN100583904C CN 100583904 C CN100583904 C CN 100583904C CN 200610034143 A CN200610034143 A CN 200610034143A CN 200610034143 A CN200610034143 A CN 200610034143A CN 100583904 C CN100583904 C CN 100583904C
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Abstract
The present invention provides host computer address automatically configuration method in IPV 6 network, suitable for communication field. Said method includes configuring access equipment accessing uniqueness label as accessing interface label; configuring host computer feature label as main machine interface label; configuring prefixion, said accessing interface label and said main machine interface label as host computer address. The present invention makes interaction through accessing interface label carried RA message, distribution host computer address, thereby flexible realizing host computer address stateless automatic configuration in nonsupport multicasting network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications field, relate in particular in a kind of realization IPV6 network host address is carried out the stateless address automatic configuration method.
Background technology
At present, the host address based on the IPV6 network disposes state address configuration and the two kinds of schemes of the automatic configuration of stateless address automatically of having mainly contained automatically.
Have state address automatically configuration come from IPV4, based on DHCP (Dynamic HostConfiguration Protocol DHCP) realizes, the IPV6 network using be the DHCP that is applicable to the IPV6 version.DHCP is an agreement based on customer end/server mode, run on User Datagram Protoco (UDP) (User Datagram Protocol, UDP) on, its main network model that is suitable for is shown in Fig. 1 a, 1b.The detailed content of DHCP can be with reference to " RFC 3315:Dynamic Host Configuration ProtocolforIPv6 ".Having state address to dispose automatically is configuration address pond on Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server, finishes address assignment by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and the interacting message between the dhcp client that moves on the main frame.
Stateless address configuration automatically is the distinctive technology of IPV6, specifically can be with reference to agreement " RFC2462:IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration ".An IPV6 node can be a main frame or router, and its address is generated by prefix and interface identifier.The acquisition of prefix come from main frame the router advertisement message of the same network segment (Router Advertisement, RA).The generation of interface identifier has mainly utilized the local information of main frame, for example its medium access control (MediumAccess Control, MAC) address, and by repeat to address (RA) inspection (Duplicate Address Detection, DAD) guarantee its uniqueness, the concrete configuration process is as follows:
1, the mode that combines with interface identifier by the link-local prefix of node generates a link-local address, and this link-local address is an experimental address.When link layer was Ethernet, interface identifier adopted 64 bit expanded unique identifications (64-bit extended unique identifier, EUI-64) address.As shown in Figure 2, first three of an ethernet mac address byte, be only sign (the OrganizationallyUnique Identifier of its mechanism, OUI) part is as the logo (Company ID) of EUI-64 address, fourth, fifth liang of byte is fixed as OXFF OXFE, and last three bytes adopt back three bytes of ethernet mac address.The Aa byte is reversed by highest byte AA in the MAC Address and is obtained among the figure.
2, this node uses experimental address to add following multicast group: full node multicast group (FF02::1) and the node multicast group of being asked.
3, this node carries out the DAD operation to this link-local address (being experimental address), utilize this experimental address to send a neighbor request (Neighbor Solicitation as destination address, NS) message, the IP source address of this message is full zero-address, the IP destination address is to be subjected to the requesting node multicast address, and whether detect on the link has other node to use this address.If when having such node, just (Neighbor Advertisement NA) replys, and automatic then configuration mechanism will stop, and needs in this case manual configuration is carried out in this address of node with a neighbor advertisement message for it.If neighbor request NS does not receive answer, just can use this address, this address is assigned to interface, and the state of address also changes " first-selection " into, sets up successfully so the IP on the link-local connects.More contents can be with reference to " RFC2461:Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 ".
Link-local prefix in the above-mentioned link-local address is all default existence in each node, has specific value, and this prefix is used for the communication in the link-local.
Above step is identical for main frame and router.For main frame, then must obtain network prefix if realize the communication of striding router.
4, on the link what router is arranged for determining, and what network prefix is, main frame to all-router multicast group FF02::2 send a router request message (Router Solicitation, RS).
5, all routers are all replied with RA on the link, and the prefix of carrying among the RA combines with interface identifier, generate a host address.
As mentioned above, at link layer is under the situation of Ethernet, stateless address automatically configuration is by with the part of MAC Address as the interface identifier of host address, and utilize multicast to realize that the repeat to address (RA) is checked and realize, this scheme can realize the local interface address under the condition of the address allocation server that does not have router and concentrate automatic configuration with communicate by letter, must support multicast but the prerequisite of its realization is a network.For the network of not supporting multicast, for example non-broadcast multipoint visit (Non Broadcast Multi Access, NBMA) network, when a large amount of host terminals are connected to digital subscriber line access multiplex (Digital subscriberling access multiplexer by telephone wire, DSLAM) time, owing to do not support the link of multicast between different telephone wire host terminals,, be difficult to guarantee that from mechanism host address does not repeat so can't carry out the DAD operation.In this case, the general using convergence device carries out the record and the transmitting multicast data of address, perhaps explains server and adopts the mode of transmitting by convergence device to realize multicast by multicast address is set.Convergence device is if send multicast message to each end points, then to when adding multicast group, write down end points the relation of multicast group address and the physical or logical interface of corresponding end points, in the time will sending the message of a particular group, message need be sent to the corresponding interface one by one, detailed content can be with reference to " RFC 2491:IPv6over Non-BroadcastMultiple Access (NBMA) network ".The implementation procedure more complicated of this mode, inadequately easy flexibly, and realize that cost and maintenance cost are all very high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for automatic configuration of host address in a kind of IPV6 network, be intended to solve prior art and in the network of not supporting multicast, host address carried out stateless address when disposing automatically, implementation procedure complexity, cost problem of higher.
The present invention is achieved in that the method for automatic configuration of host address in a kind of IPV6 network, and described method comprises the steps:
Access device is inserted the uniqueness sign be configured to the access interface sign;
The signature identification of main frame is configured to the host interface sign;
Prefix, described access interface sign and described host interface sign are configured to host address.
Described access device inserts the uniqueness sign and inserts the generation of physical port sign by main frame, perhaps inserts the physical port sign by main frame and inserts the generation of logic port identifier combination with main frame.
Described main frame inserts the line identification that physical port is designated main frame cut-in convergent equipment.
The signature identification of described main frame is the random code that low byte, hardware number, supplier number or the main frame of host MAC address selected.
When described host interface sign disposed by host MAC address, if host MAC address is longer than described host interface sign, the low byte of intercepting host MAC address was put into the host interface identification field; If host MAC address is shorter than described host interface sign, host MAC address is all put into the host interface identification field, remainder is filled out fixed value.
Described prefix and access interface identification information are carried to the RA message that main frame sends by convergence device.
When described convergence device is three-layer equipment, after receiving the RS message of main frame, sends the RA message, or periodically send the RA message to main frame to main frame;
When described convergence device is two-layer equipment, after receiving the RA message that first line of a couplet port three-layer equipment is sent, send the RA message to main frame.
When having a plurality of main frame on the circuit, described host address is carried out the uniqueness checking by duplicate address detection.
Described method further comprises the step of utilizing described access interface sign that station address is carried out verification.
Described method further comprises described access interface sign combined with user account number, the step that user account number is authenticated.
The present invention inserts the access interface sign of uniqueness sign as interface identifier by introduce access device in the interface identifier of IPV6 host address, and undertaken alternately by the RA message of carrying access interface sign, the assign host machine address, thereby the stateless that realizes host address in the network of not supporting multicast flexibly disposes automatically, realize that simply cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a, b are based on the network model figure that has state address to dispose automatically that DHCP realizes;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that carries out stateless address interface identifier when disposing automatically in Ethernet;
Fig. 3 is the network model exemplary plot of not supporting multicast that the present invention is suitable for;
Fig. 4 is the structure composition diagram of IPV6 provided by the invention address;
Fig. 5 a, b use host MAC address to generate the schematic diagram of host interface sign among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of RA message;
Fig. 7 is the topology example figure of access interface sign option in the RA message of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
The present invention has introduced the access interface sign with uniqueness in interface identifier, do not supporting under the NBMA network model of multicast, carry out information interaction by the RA message that carries the access interface sign, be the unique address of host assignment, utilize the host address information after improving to carry out host address verification and account number authentication simultaneously, strengthened the fail safe of network service.
Fig. 3 shows the network model example of not supporting multicast that the present invention is suitable for, and comprises convergence device D and host A, B, C, E.Convergence device D can be a three-layer equipment, and promptly network layer device also can be two-layer equipment, i.e. data link layer device.Host C, E are positioned on the circuit.
Fig. 4 shows the structure of host address provided by the invention, compares with traditional host address, and the meaning of prefix is constant, is used to identify a network, can distribute identical prefix to All hosts by convergence device D.
Access interface is designated access device and inserts the uniqueness identification information, and access device can be various network devices such as tandem device, switch, router.It can be to insert the physical port numbering by main frame to generate that equipment inserts the uniqueness sign, or insert the logic port numbering by main frame access physical port and main frame and make up generation, guarantee that the host address on the different circuits does not repeat, check thereby the main frame on the different circuit needn't carry out the repeat to address (RA).For the multiple host on the same circuit,, then can use the repeat to address (RA) to check the uniqueness that guarantees its address as host C among Fig. 3 and E.
The host interface sign is by the selected sign that is used to distinguish other main frame of main frame, can be generated by the customizing messages such as random code that MAC Address, hardware number and supplier number or the main frame of main frame are selected.On Ethernet, the present invention adopts the low byte of MAC Address to identify as host interface, as shown in Figure 5.Host MAC address may be longer than the host interface identification division, also may be shorter.For the long situation of MAC Address, intercepting host MAC address low byte is put into the host interface identification field.For the short situation of MAC Address, MAC Address can be put into fully, and remainder is filled out fixed value, as 0 or other values.Certainly, the host interface sign also can take other modes to generate.
Prefix length n follows unified planning configuration.To the length m of access interface sign, the length l of host interface sign, different networks can have different selections.Typical case is recommended m=40 bit, l=24 bit when the n=64 bit.
Carried the physical location information of main frame in the above-mentioned host address, when main frame was communicated by letter with convergence device, convergence device can be forced to carry out address check, guarantees the legitimacy of host address, and prevented loop to a certain extent.When main frame carries out network authentication, can utilize this information to authenticate, prevent usurping of main frame account number with its account number.In addition, aspect the network activity supervision of main frame, also can utilize this information to carry out the source and trace.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, utilize internet control message protocol (Internet ControlMessage Protocol, ICMP) version 6 (v6) neighbours find that (Neighbor Discovery, ND) the RA message in the protocol massages realizes the automatic configuration of above-mentioned address.
Fig. 6 shows the structure of RA message, and wherein whether the M sign has used the state address configuring technical, and 1 expression is used, and 0 expression is not used.Whether the O sign has non-address information to need the status protocol configuration, and 1 expression has, and 0 expression does not have.Access interface sign among Fig. 4 can be carried with RA message option.Other guide in the relevant RA message structure can be with reference to RFC2641:Neighbor Discovery for IP Version6 (IPv6), and the present invention repeats no more.
Fig. 7 shows a kind of structure of carrying the option of access interface sign provided by the invention, and Access Interface Identifier wherein is the access interface sign, notes by abridging to be AII:
TYPE: the ND message has 5 options at present, coding from 1 to 5, and the suggestion of AII option selects 6 as the TYPE value.
Length: get 4 as the Length value.
AII Length: be used to indicate access interface sign length, if the actual acquisition of main frame prefix length adds AII length greater than 128, the automatic invalid configuration in address then.
M: at link layer is that this is meaningful under the situation of Ethernet.Whether the generation of its expression host interface sign requires to use the low byte of link layer MAC Address to generate, 1 expression requirement, and 0 expression does not require.
Valid Lifetime and Preferred Lifetime have circulated a notice of lifetime of this AII to main frame, and content corresponding in their meaning and the prefix option is identical, can be with reference to RFC2641.
Access Interface Identifier: promptly access interface identifies AII, and this sign is used for host address assembling as shown in Figure 4.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, realize in the network of not supporting multicast that by following step the stateless address of host address disposes automatically:
1, convergence device D sends the RA message to main frame.When if convergence device D is three-layer equipment, then after receiving the router solicitation RS message that main frame sends, sends the RA message, or periodically send the RA message to main frame to main frame.When convergence device is two-layer equipment, then after receiving the RA message that first line of a couplet port three-layer equipment is sent, send the RA message to main frame.
Carry prefix option and access interface sign option in the RA message, " M " position of RA message is 0, and use " stateless address configuration " is described; If have other non-address information to need state configuration then " O " position 1, otherwise put 0.For All hosts A, B, C, E, prefix option is identical, but access interface identifies option in each interface transmission value difference, and it calculates according to transmission interface, does not need to store by list item in advance, can use line identification in the present invention.
2, after main frame is received the RA message,, and, generate overall clean culture host address as shown in Figure 4 in conjunction with the host interface sign of forming by the main frame customizing messages according to prefix of obtaining and access interface sign option.M set is under 1 the situation in Fig. 6, and the low byte that requires main frame must choose MAC Address generates the host interface identification division, and adopting MAC Address to generate the situation of host interface sign can be with reference to the explanation of Fig. 5.
3, when having a plurality of main frame on the circuit, main frame need be carried out the DAD operation, and promptly duplicate address detection judges whether this overall situation clean culture host address is used with other main frames on the circuit.The multicast address of being asked with this host address is that destination address sends neighbor request NS message, and newly-generated host address is placed in the TARGET territory, does not receive that in the given time response can use this address.Convergence device D only serves as the effect of a main frame in the DAD process, the message of receiving can not be transmitted to other circuit.If detect conflict in the DAD process, then need the labor management intervention, not in discussion scope of the present invention.
As another embodiment of the present invention, also can use the convergence device under the NBMA network model to cooperate the distribution that realizes above-mentioned host address with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server, be that convergence device is acted on behalf of the dhcp client request, and, distribute this address and other information by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server at the host address of request message middle finger above-mentioned collocation form regularly to be allocated.Perhaps directly realize the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server end, also can realize the distribution of above-mentioned host address by convergence device.
After by said process host address being configured, when butt joint access customer (using the user of this main frame) record authentication account, write down the access interface identification information of this host address simultaneously.Host interface identification division as this host address is to be generated by MAC Address, referring to shown in Figure 5, then writes down the MAC Address of main frame simultaneously.After the convergence device D that distributes the access interface sign receives the data message of main frame transmission, check in the access interface identification division of message source host address access interface information whether with this main frame under access interface consistent, inconsistent then the inspection do not passed through, and prevents illegal host use network.Require to use the situation of MAC Address for the host interface identification division, can check simultaneously whether the source MAC of receiving is identical with MAC coded portion in the source IP address, inequality then the inspection do not passed through, and this process is not necessarily checked just passable for general to the access interface identification division.
During authentification of user, the access interface sign of access interface sign of carrying in the source host address with user place main frame and this user place host terminal that has write down before compares, account number is issued certificate server simultaneously and is authenticated, unanimity then by authentication, prevents that the disabled user from using other people account access Internet resources.When the host interface identification division require to use MAC Address, can check the whether consistent of the MAC information of carrying in the source IP address and record simultaneously.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, the method for automatic configuration of host address in a kind of IPV6 network is characterized in that described method comprises the steps:
Access device is inserted the uniqueness sign be configured to the access interface sign, wherein said access device access uniqueness sign inserts the physical port sign by main frame and generates, and perhaps inserts the logic port identifier combination by main frame access physical port sign with main frame and generates;
The signature identification of main frame is configured to the host interface sign;
Prefix, described access interface sign and described host interface sign are configured to host address.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described main frame inserts the line identification that physical port is designated main frame cut-in convergent equipment.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the signature identification of described main frame is the random code that host MAC address, hardware number, supplier number or main frame are selected.
4, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, when described host interface sign disposed by host MAC address, if host MAC address is longer than described host interface sign, the low byte of intercepting host MAC address was put into the host interface identification field; If host MAC address is shorter than described host interface sign, host MAC address is all put into the host interface identification field, remainder is filled out fixed value.
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described prefix and access interface sign are carried to the RA message that main frame sends by convergence device.
6, the collocation method of host address as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, when described convergence device is three-layer equipment, sends the RA message to main frame after receiving the RS message of main frame, or periodically sends the RA message to main frame;
When described convergence device is two-layer equipment, after receiving the RA message that first line of a couplet port three-layer equipment is sent, send the RA message to main frame.
7, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, when having a plurality of main frame on the circuit, by duplicate address detection described host address is carried out the uniqueness checking.
8, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method further comprises the step of utilizing described access interface sign that station address is carried out verification.
9, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method further comprises described access interface sign is combined with user account number, the step that user account number is authenticated.
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101179603B (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2011-06-08 | 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司 | Method and device for controlling user network access in IPv6 network |
| US7962584B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2011-06-14 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Usage of host generating interface identifiers in DHCPv6 |
| CN102202103A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method, system and device for accessing network equipment |
| CN101883155B (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2014-03-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | WAN side information acquisition method and device of home gateway |
| CN102497456A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-06-13 | 太仓市同维电子有限公司 | System and method for realizing automatic generation of client address on basis of dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) protocol |
| CN102594940B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2014-11-19 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Method for dynamically configuring IPv6 (internet protocol version 6) for home gateway |
| CN102790813B (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-12-24 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Communication method as well as system and terminal equipment based on IPv6 (internet protocol version 6) network |
| CN103051739A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-17 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Network terminal and IP (Internet Protocol) address configuration method thereof |
| CN105591848A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-05-18 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Authentication method and device of IPv6 stateless automatic configuration |
| CN109688243B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-07-06 | 重庆邮电大学 | Sensing node IPv 6address allocation method based on trusted identity |
| CN109981813B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2021-09-17 | 新华三技术有限公司 | Message processing method and device |
| CN110191202B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-20 | 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining access address of equipment |
| CN111866201B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2023-04-07 | 新华三技术有限公司 | IPv6 multicast address generation method and device |
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2006
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